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Objective To explore the association between gallstones and CVD among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province, as well as the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in this association, in order to provide reference suggestions for reducing the burden of CVD. Methods Based on the database of Cohort Study of Native Natural Population in Ethnic Minority Gathering Areas in Southwest China, stratified and multi-stage cluster sampling was used to conduct a baseline survey of ethnic minorities aged 30 - 79 years in Qiandongnan and Qiannan Prefectures of Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between gallstones and CVD, and the mediating effect model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate in the association. Results The detection rate of CVD in Guizhou minority population was 3.16%, among which the detection rates of Dong, Miao and Buyi were 3.27%, 3.07% and 3.12%, respectively. The total detection rate of gallstones was 9.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all the variables (model 3), the detection rates of CVD in the total population [OR(95%CI): 1.633(1.269-2.102)], the Dong [OR(95%CI): 1.567(1.077-2.280)], and Miao [OR(95%CI): 1.679(1.055-2.673)], gallstones were positively associated with CVD. No association between gallstones and CVD was found in the Buyi population. Subgroup analysis showed that Dong patients with gallstones < 60 years old were positively correlated with CVD [OR(95%CI): 1.825(1.022-3.258)], gallstone patients without hyperlipidemia [OR(95%CI): 2.151(1.352-3.422)], gallstone patients without hypertension [OR(95%CI): 1.612(1.013-2.565)] were positively correlated with CVD. Miao ≥ 60 years old [OR(95%CI): 1.878(1.038-3.397)], male [OR(95%CI): 1.546(1.212-5.586)], BMI ≥ 24 [OR(95%CI): 1.972(1.160-3.354)], gallstone patients with hypertension [OR(95%CI): 2.264(1.297 - 5.429)] were positively correlated with CVD. Mediation analysis revealed that the glomerular filtration rate accounted for 16.96%, 12.08%, 17.43%, and 14.52% of the mediating effect between gallstones and CVD in the total population, Dong, Miao, and Buyi people, respectively. Conclusion Gallstones are positively correlated with CVD in the Dong and Miao populations in Guizhou Province, especially in the overweight and hypertension population of the Miao nationality. There is no association between gallstones and CVD in the Buyi population. Glomerular filtration rate has a partial mediating effect between gallstones and CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of abnormal bone mass in postmenopausal women of Dong and Miao ethnic groups in Guizhou Province, and to establish a nomogram prediction model and verify it, so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of abnormal bone mass in ethnic minority postmenopausal women in Guizhou Province. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study. In total 3 208 postmenopausal women of Dong and Miao ethnic groups were selected from the cohort study database of natural population of ethnic minorities in southwest China, and ultrasonic bone densitometer was used to measure calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD). The concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, strontium, vanadium, and zinc in urine were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and the relationship between urine metal, demographic characteristics, reproductive characteristics, ethnic diet, and BMD was analyzed by binary logistic regression, and the risk prediction model of bone mass abnormality was established. Results A total of 3 208 people were included in the study, and a total of 1 520 people with abnormal bone mass were detected. The detection rate of abnormal bone mass was 47.38%. Based on age (OR=1.098, 95%CI: 1.083-1.113), history of bone fracture (OR=0.560, 95%CI: 0.395-0.794), age of menopause (OR=0.965, 95%CI: 0.949-0.982), number of live births (OR=0.900, 95%CI: 0.818-0.990), use of contraceptive (OR=0.708, 95%CI: 0.555-0.901), total physical activity (OR=0.989, 95%CI: 0.984-0.994), urinary cadmium (OR=1.060, 95%CI:1.009-1.113), and urinary chromium (OR=1.004, 95%CI: 1.001-1.008) were independent influencing factors of abnormal bone mass. To establish a predictive model Logit (P) for predicting the risk of abnormal bone mass in postmenopausal women: Logit (") =- 2.170+0.093 * (age)-0.580 * (history of bone fracture)-0.035 * (menopausal age)-0.105 * (number of live births)-0.346* (whether or not you have taken contraceptive)-0.011 * (total physical activity) + 0.058 * (urinary cadmium) + 0.004 * (urinary chromium). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.722. The nomogram was drawn and verified internally. The results showed that the calibration curve predicted by the model for abnormal bone mass was basically consistent with the actual curve, and the fitting effect was good. Conclusion Cadmium and chromium are independent risk factors of abnormal bone mass, indicating that metal exposure can affect the occurrence and development of abnormal bone mass. The prediction model and score diagram of bone mass abnormality have good predictive ability, which provides a reference for screening abnormal bone mass of minority postmenopausal women in Guizhou Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recent clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of vonoprazan‐amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy as the first‐line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in different regions with inconsistent results reported. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of VA dual therapy compared to the currently recommended therapy for eradicating H. pylori. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases was performed using the following search terms: ("Helicobacter" OR "H. pylori" OR "Hp") AND ("vonoprazan" OR "potassium‐competitive acid blocker" OR "P‐CAB") AND ("amoxicillin" OR "penicillin") AND ("dual"). The primary outcome was to evaluate the eradication rate according to intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analysis. The secondary outcomes were adverse events and compliance. Results: A total of 15 studies involving 4, 568 patients were included. The pooled eradication rate of VA dual therapy was 85.0% and 90.0% by intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analysis, respectively. The adverse events rate and compliance of VA dual therapy were 17.5% and 96%, respectively. The efficacy of VA dual therapy was superior to proton pump inhibitors‐based triple therapy (82.0% vs. 71.4%, p < 0.01) but lower than vonoprazan‐containing quadruple therapy (83.1% vs. 93.3%, p = 0.02). 7‐day VA dual therapy showed lower eradication rates than 10‐day (χ2 = 24.09, p < 0.01) and 14‐day VA dual therapy (χ2 = 11.87, p < 0.01). The adverse events rate of VA dual therapy was lower than vonoprazan triple therapy (24.6% vs. 30.9%, p = 0.01) and bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (20.5% vs. 47.9%, p < 0.01). No significant difference of compliance was observed between VA dual therapy and each subgroup. Conclusion: VA dual therapy, a novel regimen, showed high efficacy as the first‐line treatment for H. pylori eradication, which should be optimized before application in different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional software frame synchronization methods are inefficient in processing huge continuous data without synchronization words. To improve the processing speed, a real-time synchronization algorithm is proposed based on reverse searching. Satellite data are grouped and searched in the reverse direction to avoid searching for synchronization words in huge continuous invalid data; thus, the frame synchronization speed is improved enormously. The fastest processing speed is up to 15445.9 Mbps when HJ-1C data are tested. This method is presently applied to the HJ-1C quick-look system in remote sensing satellite ground stations.

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image processing requires huge computation amount. Traditionally, this task runs on the workstation or server based on Central Processing Unit (CPU) and is rather time-consuming, hence real-time processing of SAR data is impossible. Based on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology, a new plan of SAR imaging algorithm operated on NVIDIA Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) is proposed. The new proposal makes it possible that the data processing procedure and CPU/GPU data exchanging execute concurrently, especially when SAR data size exceeds total GPU global memory size. Multi-GPU is suitably supported by the new proposal and all of computational resources are fully exploited. It is shown by experiment on NVIDIA K20C and INTEL E5645 that the proposed solution accelerates SAR data processing by tens of times. Consequently, the GPU based SAR processing system with the proposed solution embedded is much more power saving and portable, which makes it qualified to be a real-time SAR data processing system. Experiment shows that SAR data of 36 Mega points can be processed in real-time per second by K20C with the new solution equipped.

Data processing is a time-consuming matter in the field of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). In other ways, Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) have tremendous float-point computational horsepower and very high memory bandwidth, and the developing Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology has enabled the GPU to be applied to the general purpose parallel computing. A new method of processing SAR data on GPU is presented in this paper. Compared with the nominal GPU based SAR processing method, number of data transfers between CPU/GPU are reduced from 4 to 1, and CPUs are exploited to cooperate with GPU synchronously. By the proposed method, data Processing is speeded up by 2.3 times, which is verified by the testing on the simulated SAR data.

As is well known, the basic intrinsic properties of materials can be significant for their practical applications. In this work, the room-temperature absorption, transmittance, reflectance spectra, and relative photoelectricities parameters of the Mg4Ta2O9 crystals are demonstrated. Meanwhile, the polarized Raman spectra of Mg4Ta2O9 crystals are also described. The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) and the temperature-dependent PL for Mg4Ta2O9 crystals are obtained. Significantly, we observe a phonon-participated PL process in Mg4Ta2O9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]