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36 results on '"Huang, G.Y."'

9. Alteration in connexin 43 gap junction gene dosage impairs conotruncal heart development

Author

Huang, G.Y., Wessels, A., Smith, B.R., Linask, K.K., Ewart, J.L., and Lo, C.W.

Subjects
Genetically modified mice -- Genetic aspects, Heart -- Abnormalities, Neural crest -- Genetic aspects, Doppler echocardiography -- Usage, Biological sciences
Abstract

Connexin 43 (Cx43) knockout mice and transgenic mice (CMV43) overexpressing the Cx43 gap junction gene exhibit heart defects involving the conotruncus and right ventricle. based on the heart phenotype and Cx43 gene and transgene expression pattern, we previously proposed that the heart defects may reflect a role for gap junctions in the modulation of cardiac neural crest development. To further elucidate the mechanism by which these heart defects may arise, fetal heart structure and function in these transgenic and knockout mice were examined by magnetic resonance microscopy and Doppler echocardiography. Magnetic resonance microscopy of E14.5 fetuses revealed an enlargement of the right ventricular chamber in the heterozygous Cx43 knockout and CMV43 transgenic mice. This was accompanied by thinning of the chamber wall. In the homozygous Cx43 knockout mouse, heart malformation was also restricted to the right ventricle. This was generally characterized by two pouches at the base of the pulmonary outflow tract, but occasionally hearts with a single pouch were found. Magnetic resonance microscopy showed in some of the CMV43 and Cx43 knockout mice an attenuation of the ductus arteriosus, a phenotype which may be indicative of outflow tract obstruction. This was confirmed by the in utero Doppler echocardiography, which showed increased outflow velocity in E12.5 to 14.5 CMV43 and Cx43 knockout fetuses. In some of these fetuses, Doppler analysis also revealed arrhythmia and absence of isovolemic contraction time. Further examination of these hearts by histology and immunohistochemistry showed abnormal myocardial development in the conotruncus. Particularly interesting was the presence of abundant subendocardial fibrous tissue expressing smooth muscle actin. In the developing heart, such mesenchyme in the outflow tract is usually considered neural crest-derived tissue. Together, these results confirm the importance of Cx43 gene dosage in conotruncal heart development and suggest that this likely involves a role for Cx43 gap junctions in cardiac crest development. In future studies, these transgenic mice may serve as valuable animal models for further studying the role of gap junctions and cardiac crest cells in conotruncal heart development. Key Words: connexin 43; gap junctions; transgenic mice; heart defects; outflow tract; neural crest; Doppler echocardiography; magnetic resonance microscopy.

Published
1998

14. Allele-Specific Reprogramming of Cancer Metabolism by the Long Non-coding RNA CCAT2

Author

Redis, R.S. (Roxana), Vela, L.E. (Luz E.), Lu, W. (Weiqin), Ferreira de Oliveira, J. (Juliana), Ivan, C. (Cristina), Rodriguez-Aguayo, C. (Cristian), Adamoski, D. (Douglas), Pasculli, B. (Barbara), Taguchi, A. (Ayumu), Chen, Y. (Yunyun), Fernandez, A.F. (Agustin F.), Valledor, L. (Luis), Roosbroeck, K. (Katrien) van, Chang, S. (Samuel), Shah, M. (Maitri), Kinnebrew, G. (Garrett), Han, L. (Leng), Atlasi, Y. (Yaser), Cheung, L.H. (Lawrence H.), Huang, G.Y. (Gilbert Y.), Monroig, P. (Paloma), Ramirez, M.S. (Marc S.), Catela Ivkovic, T. (Tina), Van, L. (Long), Ling, H. (Hui), Gafà, R. (Roberta), Kapitanovic, S. (Sanja), Lanza, G. (Giovanni), Bankson, J.A. (James A.), Huang, P. (Peng), Lai, S.Y. (Stephen Y.), Bast, R.C. (Robert), Rosenblum, M.G. (Michael G.), Radovich, M. (Milan), Ivan, M. (Mircea), Bartholomeusz, G. (Geoffrey), Liang, H. (Han), Fraga, M.F. (Mario F.), Widger, W.R. (William R.), Hanash, S. (Samir), Berindan-Neagoe, I. (Ioana), Lopez-Berestein, G. (Gabriel), Ambrosio, A.L.B. (Andre L.B.), Gomes Dias, S.M. (Sandra M.), Calin, G.A. (George), Redis, R.S. (Roxana), Vela, L.E. (Luz E.), Lu, W. (Weiqin), Ferreira de Oliveira, J. (Juliana), Ivan, C. (Cristina), Rodriguez-Aguayo, C. (Cristian), Adamoski, D. (Douglas), Pasculli, B. (Barbara), Taguchi, A. (Ayumu), Chen, Y. (Yunyun), Fernandez, A.F. (Agustin F.), Valledor, L. (Luis), Roosbroeck, K. (Katrien) van, Chang, S. (Samuel), Shah, M. (Maitri), Kinnebrew, G. (Garrett), Han, L. (Leng), Atlasi, Y. (Yaser), Cheung, L.H. (Lawrence H.), Huang, G.Y. (Gilbert Y.), Monroig, P. (Paloma), Ramirez, M.S. (Marc S.), Catela Ivkovic, T. (Tina), Van, L. (Long), Ling, H. (Hui), Gafà, R. (Roberta), Kapitanovic, S. (Sanja), Lanza, G. (Giovanni), Bankson, J.A. (James A.), Huang, P. (Peng), Lai, S.Y. (Stephen Y.), Bast, R.C. (Robert), Rosenblum, M.G. (Michael G.), Radovich, M. (Milan), Ivan, M. (Mircea), Bartholomeusz, G. (Geoffrey), Liang, H. (Han), Fraga, M.F. (Mario F.), Widger, W.R. (William R.), Hanash, S. (Samir), Berindan-Neagoe, I. (Ioana), Lopez-Berestein, G. (Gabriel), Ambrosio, A.L.B. (Andre L.B.), Gomes Dias, S.M. (Sandra M.), and Calin, G.A. (George)

Abstract

Altered energy metabolism is a cancer hallmark as malignant cells tailor their metabolic pathways to meet their energy requirements. Glucose and glutamine are the major nutrients that fuel cellular metabolism, and the pathways utilizing these nutrients are often altered in cancer. Here, we show that the long ncRNA CCAT2, located at the 8q24 amplicon on cancer risk-associated rs6983267 SNP, regulates cancer metabolism in vitro and in vivo in an allele-specific manner by binding the Cleavage Factor I (CFIm) complex with distinct affinities for the two subunits (CFIm25 and CFIm68). The CCAT2 interaction with the CFIm complex fine-tunes the alternative splicing of Glutaminase (GLS) by selecting the poly(A) site in intron 14 of the precursor mRNA. These findings uncover a complex, allele-specific regulatory mechanism of cancer metabolism orchestrated by the two alleles of a long ncRNA. Redis et al. report that the two alleles of the lncRNA, CCAT2, induce distinct metabolic phenotypes. By interacting with the CFIm complex with allele-specific affinities, CCAT2 regulates the alternative splicing of GLS, resulting in the preferential expression of the more aggressive splice isoform.

Published
2016
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15. Modulation of mouse neural crest cell motility by N-cadherin and connexin 43 gap junctions

Author

Xu, X., Li, W.E.I., Huang, G.Y., Meyer, R., Chen, T., Luo, Y., Thomas, M.P., Radice, G.L., and Lo, C.W.

Subjects
Cell research -- Analysis, Neural crest -- Physiological aspects, Cell migration -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Connexin 43 (Cx43[Alpha]1) gap junction has been shown to have an essential role in mediating functional coupling of neural crest cells and in modulating neural crest cell migration. Here, we showed that N-cadherin and wnt1 are required for efficient dye coupling but not for the expression of Cx43[Alpha]1 gap junctions in neural crest cells. Cell motility was found to be altered in the N-cadherin-deficient neural crest cells, but the alterations were different from that elicited by Cx43[Alpha]1 deficiency. In contrast, wnt1-deficient neural crest cells showed no discernible change in cell motility. These observations suggest that dye coupling may not be a good measure of gap junction communication relevant to motility. Alternatively, Cx43[Alpha]1 may serve a novel function in motility. We observed that p120 catenin (p120ctn), an Armadillo protein known to modulate cell motility, is colocalized not only with N-cadherin but also with Cx43[Alpha]1. Moreover, the subcellular distribution of p120ctn was altered with N-cadherin or Cx43[Alpha]1 deficiency. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which Cx43[Alpha]1 and N-cadherin may modulate neural crest cell motility by engaging in a dynamic cross-talk with the cell's locomotory apparatus through p120ctn signaling.

Published
2001

18. Coercivity enhancement in hot deformed Nd2Fe14B-type magnets by doping low-melting RCu alloys (R = Nd, Dy, Nd + Dy).

Author

Lee, Y.I., Huang, G.Y., Shih, C.W., Chang, W.C., Chang, H.W., and You, J.S.

Subjects
*COERCIVE fields (Electronics), *ANISOTROPY, *KIRKENDALL effect, *ALLOY analysis, *MICROSTRUCTURE
Abstract

Magnetic properties of the anisotropic NdFeB magnets prepared by hot pressing followed by die-upsetting NdFeB MQU-F powders doped with low-melting RCu alloy powders were explored, where RCu stands for Nd 70 Cu 30 , Dy 70 Cu 30 and (Nd 0.5 Dy 0.5 ) 70 Cu 30 , respectively. In addition, the post-annealing at 600 °C was employed to modify the microstructures and the magnetic properties of the hot deformed magnets. It is found that doping RCu alloy powders is effective in enhancing the coercivity of the hot deformed NdFeB magnets from 15.1 kOe to 16.3–19.5 kOe. For Nd 70 Cu 30 -doped magnets, the increment of coercivity is only 1.2 kOe. Meanwhile, Dy 70 Cu 30 -doped and (Nd 0.5 Dy 0.5 ) 70 Cu 30 -doped magnets show an almost identical enhancement of coercivity of about 4.4 kOe. Importantly, the latter magnet shows a beneficial effect of reducing the usage of Dy from 1.6 wt% to 0.8 wt%. TEM analysis shows that nonmagnetic Nd, Dy and Cu appear at grain boundary and isolate the magnetic grains, leading to an enhancement of coercivity. Doping lower melting point Dy-lean (Nd 0.5 Dy 0.5 ) 70 Cu 30 powders into commercial MQU-F powders for making high coercivity hot deformed NdFeB magnets might be a potential and economic way for mass production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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22. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome

Author

Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England, Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA, Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA, Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA, RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France, CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France, Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China, So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA, Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan, Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA, Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany, MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA, RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland, Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Univ Oxford, Dept Human Anat & Genet, MRC, Funct Genet Unit, Oxford OX1 3QX, England, Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, US Dept Energy, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA, Wellcome Trust, London NW1 2BE, England, Lander, E.S., Linton, L.M., Birren, B., Nusbaum, C., Zody, M.C., Baldwin, J., Devon, K., Dewar, K., Doyle, M., FitzHugh, W., Funke, R., Gage, D., Harris, K., Heaford, A., Howland, J., Kann, L., Lehoczky, J., LeVine, R., McEwan, P., McKernan, K., Meldrim, J., Mesirov, J.P., Miranda, C., Morris, W., Naylor, J., Raymond, C., Rosetti, M., Santos, R., Sheridan, A., Sougnez, C., Stange-Thomann, N., Stojanovic, N., Subramanian, A., Wyman, D., Rogers, J., Sulston, J., Ainscough, R., Beck, S., Bentley, D., Burton, J., Clee, C., Carter, N., Coulson, A., Deadman, R., Deloukas, P., Dunham, A., Dunham, I., Durbin, R., French, L., Grafham, D., Gregory, S., Hubbard, T., Humphray, S., Hunt, A., Jones, M., Lloyd, C., McMurray, A., Matthews, L., Mercer, S., Milne, S., Mullikin, J.C., Mungall, A., Plumb, R., Ross, M., Shownkeen, R., Sims, S., Waterston, R.H., Wilson, R.K., Hillier, L.W., McPherson, John D., Marra, M.A., Mardis, E.R., Fulton, L.A., Chinwalla, A.T., Pepin, K.H., Gish, W.R., Chissoe, S.L., Wendl, M.C., Delehaunty, K.D., Miner, T.L., Delehaunty, A., Kramer, J.B., Cook, L.L., Fulton, R.S., Johnson, D.L., Minx, P.J., Clifton, S.W., Hawkins, T., Branscomb, E., Predki, P., Richardson, P., Wenning, S., Slezak, T., Doggett, N., Cheng, J.F., Olsen, A., Lucas, S., Elkin, C., Uberbacher, E.C., Frazier, M., Gibbs, R.A., Muzny, D.M., Scherer, S.E., Bouck, J.B., Sodergren, E.J., Worley, K.C., Rives, C.M., Gorrell, J.H., Metzker, M.L., Naylor, S.L., Kucherlapati, R.S., Nelson, D.L., Weinstock, G.M., Sakaki, Y., Fujiyama, A., Hattori, M., Yada, T., Toyoda, A., Itoh, T., Kawagoe, C., Watanabe, H., Totoki, Y., Taylor, T., Weissenbach, J., Heilig, R., Saurin, W., Artiguenave, F., Brottier, P., Bruls, T., Pelletier, E., Robert, C., Wincker, P., Rosenthal, A., Platzer, M., Nyakatura, G., Taudien, S., Rump, A., Yang, H.M., Yu, J., Wang, J., Huang, G.Y., Gu, J., Hood, L., Rowen, L., Madan, A., Qin, S.Z., Davis, R.W., Federspiel, N.A., Abola, A.P., Proctor, M.J., Myers, R.M., Schmutz, J., Dickson, M., Grimwood, J., Cox, D.R., Olson, M.V., Kaul, R., Shimizu, N., Kawasaki, K., Minoshima, S., Evans, G.A., Athanasiou, M., Schultz, R., Roe, B.A., Chen, F., Pan, H.Q., Ramser, J., Lehrach, H., Reinhardt, R., McCombie, W.R., De la Bastide, M., Dedhia, N., Blocker, H., Hornischer, K., Nordsiek, G., Agarwala, R., Aravind, L., Bailey, J.A., Bateman, A., Batzoglou, S., Birney, E., Bork, P., Brown, D.G., Burge, C.B., Cerutti, L., Chen, H.C., Church, D., Clamp, M., Copley, R.R., Doerks, T., Eddy, S.R., Eichler, E.E., Furey, T.S., Galagan, J., Gilbert, Jgr, Harmon, C., Hayashizaki, Y., Haussler, D., Hermjakob, H., Hokamp, K., Jang, W.H., Johnson, L.S., Jones, T.A., Kasif, S., Kaspryzk, A., Kennedy, S., Kent, W.J., Kitts, P., Koonin, E.V., Korf, I., Kulp, D., Lancet, D., Lowe, T.M., McLysaght, A., Mikkelsen, T., Moran, J.V., Mulder, N., Pollara, V.J., Ponting, C.P., Schuler, G., Schultz, J.R., Slater, G., Smit, A.F.A., Stupka, E., Szustakowki, J., Thierry-Mieg, D., Thierry-Mieg, J., Wagner, L., Wallis, J., Wheeler, R., Williams, A., Wolf, Y.I., Wolfe, K.H., Yang, S.P., Yeh, R.F., Collins, F., Guyer, M.S., Peterson, J., Felsenfeld, A., Wetterstrand, K.A., Patrinos, A., Morgan, M.J., Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England, Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA, Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA, Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA, RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France, CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France, Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China, So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA, Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan, Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA, Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany, MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA, RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland, Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Univ Oxford, Dept Human Anat & Genet, MRC, Funct Genet Unit, Oxford OX1 3QX, England, Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, US Dept Energy, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA, Wellcome Trust, London NW1 2BE, England, Lander, E.S., Linton, L.M., Birren, B., Nusbaum, C., Zody, M.C., Baldwin, J., Devon, K., Dewar, K., Doyle, M., FitzHugh, W., Funke, R., Gage, D., Harris, K., Heaford, A., Howland, J., Kann, L., Lehoczky, J., LeVine, R., McEwan, P., McKernan, K., Meldrim, J., Mesirov, J.P., Miranda, C., Morris, W., Naylor, J., Raymond, C., Rosetti, M., Santos, R., Sheridan, A., Sougnez, C., Stange-Thomann, N., Stojanovic, N., Subramanian, A., Wyman, D., Rogers, J., Sulston, J., Ainscough, R., Beck, S., Bentley, D., Burton, J., Clee, C., Carter, N., Coulson, A., Deadman, R., Deloukas, P., Dunham, A., Dunham, I., Durbin, R., French, L., Grafham, D., Gregory, S., Hubbard, T., Humphray, S., Hunt, A., Jones, M., Lloyd, C., McMurray, A., Matthews, L., Mercer, S., Milne, S., Mullikin, J.C., Mungall, A., Plumb, R., Ross, M., Shownkeen, R., Sims, S., Waterston, R.H., Wilson, R.K., Hillier, L.W., McPherson, John D., Marra, M.A., Mardis, E.R., Fulton, L.A., Chinwalla, A.T., Pepin, K.H., Gish, W.R., Chissoe, S.L., Wendl, M.C., Delehaunty, K.D., Miner, T.L., Delehaunty, A., Kramer, J.B., Cook, L.L., Fulton, R.S., Johnson, D.L., Minx, P.J., Clifton, S.W., Hawkins, T., Branscomb, E., Predki, P., Richardson, P., Wenning, S., Slezak, T., Doggett, N., Cheng, J.F., Olsen, A., Lucas, S., Elkin, C., Uberbacher, E.C., Frazier, M., Gibbs, R.A., Muzny, D.M., Scherer, S.E., Bouck, J.B., Sodergren, E.J., Worley, K.C., Rives, C.M., Gorrell, J.H., Metzker, M.L., Naylor, S.L., Kucherlapati, R.S., Nelson, D.L., Weinstock, G.M., Sakaki, Y., Fujiyama, A., Hattori, M., Yada, T., Toyoda, A., Itoh, T., Kawagoe, C., Watanabe, H., Totoki, Y., Taylor, T., Weissenbach, J., Heilig, R., Saurin, W., Artiguenave, F., Brottier, P., Bruls, T., Pelletier, E., Robert, C., Wincker, P., Rosenthal, A., Platzer, M., Nyakatura, G., Taudien, S., Rump, A., Yang, H.M., Yu, J., Wang, J., Huang, G.Y., Gu, J., Hood, L., Rowen, L., Madan, A., Qin, S.Z., Davis, R.W., Federspiel, N.A., Abola, A.P., Proctor, M.J., Myers, R.M., Schmutz, J., Dickson, M., Grimwood, J., Cox, D.R., Olson, M.V., Kaul, R., Shimizu, N., Kawasaki, K., Minoshima, S., Evans, G.A., Athanasiou, M., Schultz, R., Roe, B.A., Chen, F., Pan, H.Q., Ramser, J., Lehrach, H., Reinhardt, R., McCombie, W.R., De la Bastide, M., Dedhia, N., Blocker, H., Hornischer, K., Nordsiek, G., Agarwala, R., Aravind, L., Bailey, J.A., Bateman, A., Batzoglou, S., Birney, E., Bork, P., Brown, D.G., Burge, C.B., Cerutti, L., Chen, H.C., Church, D., Clamp, M., Copley, R.R., Doerks, T., Eddy, S.R., Eichler, E.E., Furey, T.S., Galagan, J., Gilbert, Jgr, Harmon, C., Hayashizaki, Y., Haussler, D., Hermjakob, H., Hokamp, K., Jang, W.H., Johnson, L.S., Jones, T.A., Kasif, S., Kaspryzk, A., Kennedy, S., Kent, W.J., Kitts, P., Koonin, E.V., Korf, I., Kulp, D., Lancet, D., Lowe, T.M., McLysaght, A., Mikkelsen, T., Moran, J.V., Mulder, N., Pollara, V.J., Ponting, C.P., Schuler, G., Schultz, J.R., Slater, G., Smit, A.F.A., Stupka, E., Szustakowki, J., Thierry-Mieg, D., Thierry-Mieg, J., Wagner, L., Wallis, J., Wheeler, R., Williams, A., Wolf, Y.I., Wolfe, K.H., Yang, S.P., Yeh, R.F., Collins, F., Guyer, M.S., Peterson, J., Felsenfeld, A., Wetterstrand, K.A., Patrinos, A., and Morgan, M.J.

Abstract

The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.

Published
2009

32. Chemisorption-induced microcantilever deflection: a theoretical model.

Author

Zhang, J.Q., Feng, X.Q., Huang, G.Y., and Yu, S.W.

Subjects
CHEMISORPTION, MICROCANTILEVERS, STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), SURFACES (Technology), RELAXATION phenomena, SUBSTRATES (Materials science), ATOMS
Abstract

Microcantilever-based techniques are often used to measure the changes of surface stress and infinitesimal mass induced by adsorbed atoms/molecules on the cantilever surface. In this paper, an energy method using a valence force model is presented to study the cantilever bending behaviour induced by chemisorption. The surface stress change induced by chemisorption is estimated. The chemisorption of oxygen on Si(100) surface is taken as a representative example. The results are consistent with relevant experimental observations. It is shown that chemisorption-induced deformation behaviour of cantilevers shows a distinct dependence on the bond configurations formed by adsorbed atoms and substrate atoms, as illustrated by the Si(100)-O cluster in this paper. The study is helpful for the optimal design of microcantilever-based measurement techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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