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Comprehensive Summary: Seventeen undescribed lindenane‐related sesquiterpenoid dimers, chlorajaponins A—Q (1—17), and 13 reported analogs (18—30) were isolated from Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. Compound 1 possesses an unprecedented 3/5/7/5/5/6/5/3 fused octacyclic scaffold, featuring a 6(5→4)‐abeo‐lindenane monomer, while 2 exhibits a 3/5/6/6/5/6/5/3 fused octacyclic scaffold. Their structures were determined through a combination of spectroscopic analyses and X‐ray crystallography. Compounds 1, 2, and 18 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation and effectively reduced the levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol, as well as the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in a HepG2 cell model. In addition, compounds 1, 2, and 18 significantly suppressed the protein expression of the fatty acid synthase (FASN) and the sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Moreover, the anti‐inflammatory assay showed that compounds 19—22 and 25 inhibited the NO production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 7.89 ± 0.44, 6.25 ± 0.46, 2.98 ± 0.29, 10.77 ± 0.60, and 3.60 ± 0.28 μmol/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new ferroelastic organic salt nicotinic acid bromide (N–Br) was connected by hydrogen bonding with nicotinic acid cations via a halogen substitution strategy. It exhibits a ferroelastic phase transition from P21/m to P1¯ with 2/mF1¯ Aizu notation with a high Curie temperature (Tc) of 402 K. Moreover, optical regulation from blue light to white light was achieved by halogen substitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To determine the sensitivity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Fujian province to six insecticides recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. [Methods] The leaf dip method was used to determine the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of six insecticides (emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, clorfenapyr and lufenuron) to S. frugiperda, collected in Jian'ou county of Nanping city, Yong'an county of Sangming city, Fuqing county of Fuzhou city and Changtai county of Zhangzhou city. The LC50 values of these six insecticides were also compared between specimens collected in Jian'ou and Changtai populations in spring and autumn. [Results] The susceptibility of S. frugiperda to the insecticides tested varied significantly among populations. The LC50 of emamectin benzoate in the Changtai and Fuqing populations was about twice than that in the Jian'ou and Yong'an populations, and the LC50 of indoxacarb in the Changtai and Fuqing populations was about 3 times than that in the Yong'an population. The susceptibility of S. frugiperda to insecticides also varied between seasons. The LC50 of chlorantraniliprole and clorfenapyr to the Changtai population was 0.20 times and 2.26 times, respectively, in autumn than that in spring, and the LC50 of emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb to the Jian'ou population was 4.75 times and 2.20 times, respectively, in autumn than that in spring. Rearing ten successive generations without insecticide exposure caused the LC50 values of lufenuron, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole to decrease 8.15, 22.87 and 10.58 fold, respectively, compared to the F1 generation. [Conclusion] Field populations of S. frugiperda in Fujian province are generally still sensitive to the six tested insecticides in 2020. In Changtai and Jian'ou, the sensitivity of S. frugiperda to chlorantraniliprole, clorfenapyr, indoxacarb, lufenuron differed significantly between spring and autumn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctional switching materials show great potential for applications in sensors, smart switches, and other fields due to their ability to integrate different physical channels in one single device. However, multifunctional responsive materials with multiple switching and luminescence properties have rarely been reported. Here, we report three organic–inorganic hybrids: [TMAA]2[CoCl4] (compound 1), [TMAA]2[CdBr4] (compound 2) and [TMAA]2[MnCl4] (compound 3). Compound 1 and compound 2 undergo two reversible phase transitions at high temperature (328.95/359.25 K and 350.45/393.15 K, respectively). Since the inorganic skeleton has a strong influence on the luminescence properties of such structured substances, Cd and Co were replaced with Mn, after which compound 3 was obtained as expected. The above strategy triggered bright green luminescence with a quantum yield of 35.19%, and significantly increased the phase transition temperature of compound 3 to above 400 K. The above results show that the regulation of the inorganic skeleton provides a new strategy for researchers to develop dual phase change/luminous materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid switchable materials induced by dielectric phase transition are always an important scientific topic for their potential applications in the flexible sensor and devices. And the organic cations and anions can interact effectively, which is conducive to the functional development in the organic‐inorganic hybrid crystal state. In which, the flexible organic cations are more likely to undergo dynamic motion such as order‐disorder transformation and reorientation under temperature stimulation. Here, we chose 1‐methylpiperidinium as flexible organic cation, and then successfully designed a new organic‐inorganic hybrid crystal [1‐methylpiperidinium]2[ZnCl4] (compound 1), which displays a phase‐transition packing structure. It′s worth pointing out that compound 1 undergoes a reversible phase transition at 393.8 K accompanied with a conspicuous dielectric response. The dielectric constant can switch rapidly and reversibly between high and low dielectric states with excellent cycle stability. We believe that the report of compound 1 is conducive to the design of new series of switching materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new ferroelastic organic salt nicotinic acid bromide (N–Br) was connected by hydrogen bonding with nicotinic acid cations via a halogen substitution strategy. It exhibits a ferroelastic phase transition from P21/m to P1¯ with 2/mF1¯ Aizu notation with a high Curie temperature (Tc) of 402 K. Moreover, optical regulation from blue light to white light was achieved by halogen substitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the concept of "multiferroic" was first proposed in 1968, the coupling effect between different ferroic orders has attracted great interest in energy, information, and biomedical fields. However, the fully ferroelectric-fully ferroelastic effect has never been experimentally observed in hybrid perovskites, even though this effect was predicted to exist half a century ago. Realizing such cross-linking effects of polarization vectors and strain tensors has always been a huge challenge because of the complex difference in these two ferroic origins. Here, we report a multiferroic with full ferroelectricity and full ferroelasticity in two-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites based on ferroelectrochemistry. The dynamic molecular reorientations endow (cyclohexanemethylaminium) 2 PbCl 4 with a desired symmetry change of 4̅2 m F mm 2 at a Curie temperature of 411.8 K. More strikingly, the switchable evolution of ferroelastic domains was directly observed under the control of either electric or mechanical fields, which is the first experimental observation of a fully ferroelectric-fully ferroelastic effect in hybrid perovskites. This work would provide new insights into understanding the intrinsic cross-linking mechanism between ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity toward the development of multichannel interactive microelectronic devices.

Luminescent ferroelectrics are holding exciting prospect for integrated photoelectronic devices due to potential light-polarization interactions at electron scale. Integrating ferroelectricity and long-lived afterglow emission in a single material would offer new possibilities for fundamental research and applications, however, related reports have been a blank to date. For the first time, we here achieved the combination of notable ferroelectricity and afterglow emission in an organic-inorganic hybrid material. Remarkably, the presented (4-methylpiperidium)CdCl 3 also shows noticeable antiferroelectric behavior. The implementation of cationic customization and halogen engineering not only enables a dramatic enhancement of Curie temperature of 114.4 K but also brings a record longest emission lifetime up to 117.11 ms under ambient conditions, realizing a leapfrog improvement of at least two orders of magnitude compared to reported hybrid ferroelectrics so far. This finding would herald the emergence of novel application potential, such as multi-level density data storage or multifunctional sensors, towards the future integrated optoelectronic devices with multitasking capabilities., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Molecular ferroelastics have received particular attention for potential applications in mechanical switches, shape memory, energy conversion, information processing, and solar cells, by taking advantages of their low-cost, light-weight, easy preparation, and mechanical flexibility. The unique structures of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have been considered to be a design platform for symmetry-breaking-associated order-disorder in lattice, thereby possessing great potential for ferroelastic phase transition. Herein, we review the research progress of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite ferroelastics in recent years, focusing on the crystal structures, dimensions, phase transitions and ferroelastic properties. In view of the few reports on molecular-based hybrid ferroelastics, we look forward to the structural design strategies of molecular ferroelastic materials, as well as the opportunities and challenges faced by molecular-based hybrid ferroelastic materials in the future. This review will have positive guiding significance for the synthesis and future exploration of organic-inorganic hybrid molecular ferroelastics., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid double perovskites have attracted extensive research interest for their fascinating physical properties, such as ferroelectricity, X-ray detection, light response and so on. In addition, ferroelastics, as an important branch of ferroic materials, exhibits wide prospects in mechanical switches, shape memory and templating electronic nanostructures. Here, we designed a 2D phase-transition double perovskite ferroelastic through a structurally progressive strategy. This evolution is core to our construction process from 0D to 1D and AgBi-based 2D. In this way, we successfully synthesized 2D lead-free ferroelastic (DPA) 4 AgBiBr 8 (DPA = 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-aminium) with a high Curie temperature ( T c ), which shows a narrower band gap than 0D (DPA) 4 Bi 2 Br 10 and 1D (DPA) 5 Pb 2 Br 9 . Moreover, the mechanism of structural phase transition and molecular motion are fully characterized by temperature dependent solid-state NMR and single crystal XRD. (DPA) 4 AgBiBr 8 injects power into the discovery of new ferroelastics or the construction and dimensional adjustment in new hybrid double perovskites., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Multifunctional switching materials show great potential for applications in sensors, smart switches, and other fields due to their ability to integrate different physical channels in one single device. However, multifunctional responsive materials with multiple switching and luminescence properties have rarely been reported. Here, we report three organic-inorganic hybrids: [TMAA] 2 [CoCl 4 ] (compound 1), [TMAA] 2 [CdBr 4 ] (compound 2) and [TMAA] 2 [MnCl 4 ] (compound 3). Compound 1 and compound 2 undergo two reversible phase transitions at high temperature (328.95/359.25 K and 350.45/393.15 K, respectively). Since the inorganic skeleton has a strong influence on the luminescence properties of such structured substances, Cd and Co were replaced with Mn, after which compound 3 was obtained as expected. The above strategy triggered bright green luminescence with a quantum yield of 35.19%, and significantly increased the phase transition temperature of compound 3 to above 400 K. The above results show that the regulation of the inorganic skeleton provides a new strategy for researchers to develop dual phase change/luminous materials.

Organic ferroelectrics are highly desirable for their light weight, mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility. However, the rational design of organic ferroelectrics has always faced great challenges. Anilinium bromide (AB) has two structures reported in the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, which might be an mmmF2/m type ferroelastic (AB-1). When we studied its ferroelasticity, we were surprised to discover that there was another crystal (AB-2) in H 2 O besides this one, and they were very difficult to separate. By changing the solvent, we found that AB-1 crystals could be formed in ethanol, where ferroelastic domains were visualized by polarized light microscopy, and AB-2 crystals could be obtained from various crystallization solvents of methanol, isopropanol, N-butanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N,N-dimethylformamide, which undergo a ferroelectric phase transition with mm2Fm, showing clear ferroelectricity in two phases. To our knowledge, the regulation of ferroelasticity to ferroelectricity by solvent selective effect is unprecedented in the field of ferroelectrics. This work reveals the important role of solvent effect in organic ferroelectrics., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)