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The study results have indicated the desire to take mobile learning, attitude towards mobile learning and self-management of learning are positively linked to mobile learning continuance intention. Moreover, it has been found the desire to take mobile learning mediates the link between attitude towards mobile learning and mobile learning continuance intention and positive anticipated emotions reinforce the positive link between attitude towards mobile learning and desire to take mobile learning. Finally, the study findings have shown subjective norm, negative anticipated emotions, positive anticipated emotions and attitude towards mobile learning are positively associated with desire to take mobile learning.

Although there are numerous mobile learning studies, limited efforts have been devoted to investigating the moderating role of mobile technology anxiety on mobile learning outcome. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study is not only to examine the key elements that could influence desire to take mobile learning and mobile learning continuance intention, but also to explore the moderating impact of mobile technology anxiety on mobile learning outcome. 676 college students participated in this study, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed to analyze the data. The study findings have demonstrated that desire to take mobile learning, attitude toward mobile learning, and perceived usefulness are positively linked to mobile learning continuance intention. Second, it has been found that attitude, positive anticipated emotion, negative anticipated emotion, and subjective norm play a key role in determining better desire to take mobile learning, whereas perceived behavioral control has no impact on desire to take mobile learning. Additionally, it has been shown that perceived usefulness, and personal learning initiative are two critical antecedents of attitude toward mobile learning. Finally, the study findings have shown that mobile technology anxiety would moderate the relationship between attitude toward mobile learning and mobile learning continuance intention.

Although there have been numerous mobile learning studies, relatively few concerns the moderating impact of perceived fit on mobile learning outcomes. A total of 335 adult learners with a mobile language learning experience in Taiwan took part in this study. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is used to determine the key factors that lead to better mobile learning performance. The results of this study show that perceived usefulness, playfulness and self-management of learning are positively linked to the intention to continue with mobile learning. The results also show that perceived flexibility and personal innovativeness have a positive impact on perceived usefulness and playfulness. It is also shown that perceived fit plays a moderating role in determining mobile learning continuance intention.

Although much attention has been paid to mobile learning studies, there is still a scarcity of research examining the moderating impact of perceived complexity on organizational learners' mobile learning performance. Consequently, this study's primary purpose is to investigate the central elements that lead to better mobile learning outcomes and explore the moderating impact of perceived complexity on mobile learning continuance intention. 300 organizational learners took part in this study, and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis and SPSS PROCESS procedure (Model 14) were employed to analyze the mobile learning data. The study findings indicated a positive relationship between subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude toward mobile learning, and mobile learning continuance intention. Additionally, the study results revealed that relative advantage was positively related to perceived behavioral control, and family support was positively associated with subjective norm. Finally, the study findings demonstrated that perceived complexity would play a moderating role in determining mobile learning continuance intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the key factors that could affect mobile learning continuance intention (MLCI), and examine the moderating effect of perceived flexibility advantages (PFA) on the relationship between key mobile learning elements and continuance intention. Five hundred undergraduate students who had previously adopted mobile devices to learn English took part in this study. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis was utilized to test the hypotheses in this study. It has been found that the perceived usefulness of mobile technology, subjective norm, and self-management of learning could be closely linked to mobile learning continuance intention. With particular respect to the moderating role of perceived flexibility advantages, it has been demonstrated that PFA could moderate the relationship between perceived usefulness of mobile technology and mobile learning continuance intention, as well as the association between subjective norm and mobile learning continuance intention, whereas PFA did not moderate the link between self-management of learning and mobile learning continuance intention.This report has further added to the body of knowledge in the field of mobile learning through empirical examination.

Although there is a plethora of mobile learning studies, relatively little attention has been paid to the roles of self-management of learning and personal learning initiative on mobile English learning outcomes. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study is not only to examine the links between perceived flexibility advantage, self-management of learning, mobile English learning continuance intention and performance, but also to explore the moderating role of personal learning initiative in mobile language learning outcomes. A total of 323 undergraduate students with mobile English learning experience took part in this study. The partial least-squares structural equation modelling analysis and SPSS PROCESS (model 7) were utilised to assess the data. The study findings have not only indicated the perceived flexibility advantage and self-management of learning will have a positive influence on mobile English learning continuance intention and performance, but also revealed that mobile English learning continuance intention will mediate the link between perceived flexibility advantage and mobile English learning performance. Moreover, it has been found that personal learning initiative will play a moderating role in reinforcing the positive relationship between perceived flexibility advantage and mobile English learning continuance intention.

Increasing attention has been paid to mobile learning studies. However, there is still a dearth of studies investigating the moderating effect of proactive personality on mobile learning achievements. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study is not only to investigate the key elements that could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of mobile learning, but also to examine the moderating role of proactive personality in mobile learning outcomes. The findings indicate that continuance intention will have a positive influence on mobile learning performance, whereas perceived playfulness will have a limited influence on mobile learning outcomes. Moreover, perceived flexibility advantages will positively affect mobile learning continuance intention and perceived playfulness. With respect to the role of perceived usefulness in perceived playfulness, the results indicate that although perceived usefulness has a positive influence on continuance intention, it has a limited impact on perceived playfulness. Finally, the results indicate that proactive personality plays a moderating role in the relationship between perceived playfulness and mobile learning performance, the connection between perceived flexibility advantages and mobile learning continuance intention, the nexus between perceived usefulness and mobile learning continuance intention, as well as the connection between perceived usefulness and playfulness.

The primary purpose of this study was to explore not only the effects of epistemic beliefs in science on science-text reading but also the gender differences in epistemic beliefs and the reading process. The interactions between gender and epistemic beliefs during reading were also explored. A total of 25 university students, 13 male and 12 female, were paid to participate in the study. The scientific epistemological beliefs (SEBs) questionnaire was used to probe the subjects' epistemic beliefs in science, while the eye-tracking method was employed to record their science-text reading process. It was demonstrated that the participants in the study had developed sophisticated SEBs. Complicated SEBs were associated with higher cognitive attention to the reading of data-related information but less mental effort to fact, scientific explanations, and the microview photos. As for the gender difference, female students displayed less mental effort in comprehending scientific explanations, but attended more to data and the microview graphic. It is argued that female learners are better at processing textual information. Interactions between SEBs and gender were found and discussed.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with α‐synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuron loss in the midbrain. There is evidence that psychological stress promotes PD progression by enhancing glucocorticoids‐related oxidative damage, however, the mechanisms involved are unknown. The present study demonstrated that plasma membrane phospholipid peroxides, as determined by phospholipidomics, triggered ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons, which in turn contributed to stress exacerbated PD‐like motor disorder in mice overexpressing mutant human α‐synuclein. Using hormonomics, we identified that stress stimulated corticosteroid release and promoted 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 (ALOX15)‐mediated phospholipid peroxidation. ALOX15 was upregulated by α‐synuclein overexpression and acted as a fundamental risk factor in the development of chronic stress‐induced parkinsonism and neurodegeneration. Further, we demonstrated the mechanism by which corticosteroids activated the PKC pathway and induced phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding protein‐1 (PEBP1) to form a complex with ALOX15, thereby facilitating ALOX15 to locate on the plasma membrane phospholipids. A natural product isolated from herbs, leonurine, was screened with activities of inhibiting the ALOX15/PEBP1 interaction and thereby attenuating membrane phospholipid peroxidation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that stress increases the susceptibility of PD by driving membrane lipid peroxidation of dopaminergic neurons and suggest the ALOX15/PEBP1 complex as a potential intervention target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a considerable number of studies have revealed that self-management of learning (SML) could be closely related to learning achievements, there is still a paucity of research investigating the moderating effect of self-management of learning on mobile learning outcomes. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study was to explore the moderating role of self-management of learning in mobile English Learning. The participants of this study were 389 undergraduate students who used to use handheld electronic dictionaries to learn English before. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis, a component-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique, was adopted to examine the data in this study. It has been demonstrated that perceived usefulness and playfulness of electronic dictionary could be positively related to mobile English learning satisfaction. Additionally, the study results have revealed that with particular respect to learners with higher SML, resistance to change could have no influence on mobile English learning satisfaction. Finally, it has been found that the self-management of learning could moderate the relationships between key mobile English learning determinants, satisfaction, and continuance intention.

Although there is a growing interest in mobile learning, there are limited studies that focus on student knowledge acquisition. As applications and usages of mobile technology have become more and more accepted, it is important and meaningful that researchers and practitioners of mobile learning understand the potential factors that could influence learning outcomes. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of mobile technology playfulness, users' resistance to change and self-management of learning in mobile English learning outcomes (MELOs). A case study approach was utilized in this study mainly because the questions of interests were closely related to the usage of electronic dictionaries and their effects on mobile learning outcomes. The participants of this study were all undergraduate students from 10 undergraduate programs of the center for general education at one university in Southern Taiwan. A total of n = 167 undergraduate students with experience using an electronic dictionary to learn English participated in this study. The study results indicated that perceived playfulness and self-management of learning had positive influences on MELO and that users' resistance to change was negatively associated with MELO. (Contains 1 figure and 4 tables.)

The primary purpose of this study is to probe not only the key factors that might influence international students' attitude towards the host country and their desire to stay there, but also key elements that might enhance their intention to stay in the host country after completing their studies. A total of 211 international students in Taiwan participated in this study. Study results indicated international students' attitude and their desire to stay in the host country were positively connected with their intention to stay in the host country after completing their study. Additionally, perceived behavioural control, perception of the labour market and subjective norms strongly affect international students' attitude towards staying in the host country. Third, positive anticipated emotion and negative anticipated emotion play a key role in determining the desire to stay in the host country. The findings of this study suggest policy implications for establishing a more positive immigration policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there is a plethora of online learning studies, relatively few studies have probed into teachers' online technology adoption. It is suggested that faculty resistance to technology be one of the key hindrances to the future development of distance learning. Several studies have argued that teachers' resistance to technology, one of the key issues and challenges, could remain a difficult problem in educational field. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to understand the key factors that influence teachers' intention to adopt online technology. (Contains 4 tables and 2 figures.)

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized clinically by motor dysfunction due to gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system. Currently, medications such as levodopa preparations, offer only temporary symptomatic relief without preventing neuronal loss or halting disease progression. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a particular type of wolfberry or goji berry, the fruit of Lycium barbarum L., has been historically regarded for its neuroprotective properties, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for PD. However, scientific validation of these effects remains limited., Purpose: This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of wolfberry glycopeptide (WGP) on PD progression in various animal models, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for its therapeutic action., Study Design: Diverse canonical animal models, including 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated rats, and α-synuclein overexpressed hSNCA A53T mice, were used to evaluate WGP's anti-PD efficacy. Behavioral deficits and pathological damage to dopaminergic neurons were assessed to determine WGP's neuroprotective potential., Methods: After establishing the animal models and administering WGP treatment, PD-like behaviors were assessed using pole test, rotarod test and gait analysis. Dopaminergic neurons loss in the midbrain and striatum was detected by means of immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Inflammatory markers in these brain regions were measured by ELISA., Results: WGP treatment significantly alleviated motor deficits as well as progressive dopaminergic neurons loss. Mechanistically, WGP exerted its neuroprotective effects by regulating iron homeostasis, specifically through the modulation of key proteins such as TFRC, FTH1, and FPN. This function contributed to reducing the accumulation of lipid peroxidation in nigrostriatal system, thereby mitigating neuroinflammation and neuronal degeneration., Conclusion: Our findings underscore the innovative potential of WGP as a neuroprotective agent in PD, with a unique mechanism of action targeting iron homeostasis and lipid peroxidation-driven neurodegeneration. This study advances the understanding of TCM's therapeutic contributions to neurodegeneration and positions WGP as a strong candidate for further clinical development in PD treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

The liver, a complex parenchymal organ, possesses a distinctive microcirculatory system crucial for its physiological functions. An intricate interplay exists between hepatic microcirculatory disturbance and the manifestation of pathological features in diverse liver diseases. This review updates the main characteristics of hepatic microcirculatory disturbance, including hepatic sinusoidal capillarization, narrowing of sinusoidal space, portal hypertension, and pathological angiogenesis, as well as their formation mechanisms. It also summarized the detection methods for hepatic microcirculation. Simultaneously, we have also reviewed the characteristics of microcirculatory disturbance in diverse liver diseases such as acute liver failure, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, this review also summarizes the advancement in hepatic microcirculation attributed to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active metabolites, providing novel insights into the application of TCM in treating liver diseases., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Liu, Liang, Huang, Chen, Zou, Kurihara, Li, Xu, Ouyang and He.)