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Anesthesia‐related drugs cause various side effects and health‐related illnesses after surgery. In particular, neurogenerative disorder is a common problem of anesthesia‐related drugs. A patient gets anesthesia as a requirement of the preoperative evaluation to diagnose the medical illness, which is caused by anesthetic drug treatment. Different blood‐based biomarkers help in identifying the changes appearing in patients after anesthesia treatment. Among them, tau protein is a sensitive biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases, and the fluctuations in tau proteins are highly associated with various diseases. Furthermore, researchers have found unstable levels of tau protein after the anesthesia process. The current research has focused on quantifying tau protein via impedance spectroscopy to identify the problems caused by anesthesia‐related drugs. An impedance spectroscopy electrode was modified into a multiwalled carbon nanotube, and an amine‐ended aptamer was then attached. This electrode surface was used to quantify the tau protein level and reached the detection limit of 1 fM. The determination coefficient was found to be y = 369.93x + 1144.9, with R2 = 0.9846 in the linear range of 1 fM–1 nM. Furthermore, tau protein spiked human serum was clearly identified on the immobilized aptamer surface, indicating the specific detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential in treating autoimmune diseases (ADs). Unlike the traditional immunosuppressants, which inadvertently impair patients' antimicrobial immunity, MSCs reduce the incidence and duration of respiratory infection. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Methods: To investigate how MSCs regulate the lung immunity and improve the defence against respiratory infection, we infected MSC‐treated wild‐type and lupus‐prone mice with Haemophilus influenzae intranasally and determined the clearance of bacteria. Tissue damage and inflammatory cytokines were measured by H&E staining and ELISA separately. Immune cell subsets in the tissues were analysed by flow cytometry. Results: MSC pretreatment prevented overwhelming inflammation and accelerated bacterial clearance in both wild‐type and lupus‐prone mice. Tregs increased dramatically in the lung after MSC treatment. Adoptive transfer of Tregs isolated from MSC‐treated mice offered similar protection, while deletion of Tregs abrogated the protective effects of MSCs. The majority of the intravenously injected MSCs were engulfed by lung phagocytes, which in turn produced CXCL9 and CXCL10 and recruited tremendous CXCR3+ Tregs into the lung. Compared with their CXCR3− counterparts, CXCR3+ Tregs displayed enhanced proliferation and stronger inhibitory functions. Neutralisation of CXCL9 and CXCL10 significantly downregulated the migration of CXCR3+ Tregs and eliminated the benefits of MSC pretreatment. Conclusion: Here, we showed that by recruiting CXCR3+ Tregs, MSC treatment restricted the overactivation of inflammatory responses and prevented severe symptoms caused by infection. By discovering this novel property of MSCs, our study sheds light on optimising long‐term immunosuppressive regimen for autoimmune diseases and other immune disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different grades of foamed cement were prepared by adding different amounts of hydrogen peroxide. The effect of wood powder addition on the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the foamed concrete was studied and the relationship between pore size and performance was explored. The results show that as the amount of wood powder increases, the average pore diameter of the foamed concrete becomes smaller. Adding 3% wood powder, the average pore diameter of foam cement is between 1-2 mm and the cell distribution is the most uniform, and the compressive strength of foamed cement of several density grades is the largest. The thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of the amount of wood powder. When the hydrogen peroxide is mixed with 3.5% and the wood powder is added with 8%, the thermal conductivity is 0.100 W/(m⋅K), which is 29% lower than that of the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]