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With the increasing complexity of environments and the diversity of task chains, individual unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) often struggle to satisfy the demands of task chains, including load capacity improvement, information perception, and information procession. In complex task chains involving various UAVs, such as area reconnaissance and fire rescue, any attack on critical UAVs can greatly disrupt the execution of the entire task chain by causing equipment damage or connectivity disruption. To ensure network resilience post attack, identifying vulnerable nodes in the UAV network becomes crucial. In this paper, a Vulnerability-based Topology Reconstruction Mechanism (VUTRM) is proposed to rank the importance of nodes in task chains and formulate a topology reconstruction. It consists of two parts: the first part is a Multi-metric Node Vulnerability Assessment Algorithm (MENVAL) used to rank the importance of nodes in task chains, and the second part is a Node Importance-based Topology Reconstruction Algorithm (NITRA) used to reconstruct the UAV network with the obtained node ranking. Finally, simulations carried out with simulation software demonstrate that our proposed method accurately identifies network vulnerabilities and promptly implements effective reconstruction measures to minimize network damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional distributed beamforming schemes in multicell system often ignore two practical conditions, (1) the coexistence of intracell interference (InCI) and inter-cell interference (ICI), (2) the number of users is larger than the number of base station (BS) antennas. In this paper, we consider these two conditions and analyze the decentralized beamforming of the multicell system from the viewpoint of zero forcing (ZF). A novel user selection method based on ZF algorithm is proposed to divide the users into two categories, i.e. one of the categories is eligible to participate in ZF algorithm and the other is not. The proposed criterion of partitioning users is based on the degree of parallelity between local channels. In addition, each BS utilizes only the local channel state informations (CSIs) to derive its beamforming vector. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can achieve higher rates and are more robust against InCI and ICI than the traditional ones under the different number of transmitting antennas and users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have shown efficacy in improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, their impact on HF patients with varying body mass index (BMI) levels remains uncertain. To explore potential interactions between baseline BMI and the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors, we conducted a systematic review of studies from PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library database spanning from inception to March 2024. Eligible studies reported cardiovascular outcomes according to baseline BMI in HF patients treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors. Ultimately, our analysis included 4 studies encompassing 20,723 patients. We conducted separate random-effects meta-analyses for the composite outcome of first hospitalization for HF (HHF) or cardiovascular death (CVD), total HHF, CVD, and all-cause mortality. Compared with placebo, SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of the composite outcome of first HHF or CVD (hazard ratio = 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.72-0.83) and total HHF (hazard ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.61-0.83), with consistent effects observed across different BMI categories (test for subgroup differences: P = 0.63 and P = 0.56, respectively). Furthermore, no statistical heterogeneity was found in the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on CVD ( P = 0.84, I 2 = 0%) and all-cause mortality ( P = 0.52, I 2 = 0%) across each baseline BMI subgroup in patients with HF. No significant difference in safety was found between the placebo and SGLT-2 inhibitor arms. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors seem to be independent of baseline BMI in patients with HF., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)