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The electrochemical interaction between galena and monoclinic pyrrhotite was investigated to examine its impact on the physical and chemical properties of the mineral micro-surface. This investigation employed techniques such as electrochemistry, metal ion stripping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and quantum chemistry. The electrochemical test results demonstrate that the galena surface in the electro-couple system exhibits a lower electrostatic potential and higher electrochemical activity compared to the monoclinic pyrrhotite surface, rendering it more susceptible to oxidation dissolution. Monoclinic pyrrhotite significantly amplifies the corrosion rate of the galena surface. Mulliken charge population calculations indicate that electrons are consistently transferred from galena to monoclinic pyrrhotite, with the number of electron transfers on the mineral surface increasing as the interaction distance decreases. The analysis of state density revealed a shift in the surface state density of galena towards lower energy levels, resulting in decreased reactivity and increased difficulty for the reagent to adsorb onto the mineral surface. Conversely, monoclinic pyrrhotite exhibited an opposite trend. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) test results indicate that galvanic interaction leads to the formation of hydrophilic substances, PbSxOy and Pb(OH)2, on the surface of galena. Additionally, the surface of monoclinic pyrrhotite not only adsorbs Pb2+ but also undergoes S0 formation, thereby augmenting its hydrophobic nature.

This article summarizes the research progress of pyrrhotite beneficiation, and believes that pyrrhotite will remain a research hotspot in flotation and separation from polymetallic sulfide ore. The systematic study of the genetic characteristics of pyrrhotite minerals, and the development of a separation process and pharmaceutical system that are in harmony with the genetic characteristics of minerals are the key research directions in the future.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has increasingly assumed an active role in detection, identification, location, and tracking applications after more than ten years of development. However, its application still suffers from technology bottlenecks, which must be solved and perfected to eliminate the key problems of the technology. This article investigates WSN acquisition nodes and analyzes the relationship between the frequency and actual pressure values of sensor nodes. The sensitive mechanism of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) based on a micro force sensor is researched, and the principle of least squares method is used to establish a transformation model of frequency and pressure for the SAW sensor. According to the model, polyfit function and matrix calculation are selected to solve and calculate the estimate of the polynomial coefficients, which simulate the data acquisition of WSN nodes and draw a polynomial curve fitting. The actual SAW sensor is tested to demonstrate the reasonableness of the device stability in WSNs.

The present study employed density functional theory (DFT) to analyze the adsorption configuration and mechanism of Fe(OH)2 + on the kaolinite (001) surface. The findings demonstrated that Fe(OH)2(H2O)4 + is the main type in which hydrated Fe(OH)2 + can be found in aqueous solution. On the surface of kaolinite, Fe(OH)2(H2O)4 + will be adsorbed. There are two forms of adsorption: outersphere and inner-sphere coordination (monodentate/bidentate) adsorption. Fe(OH)2(H2O)4 + has a moderate propensity to adsorb on the alumina octahedral sheet of kaolinite when the outer-sphere coordination adsorption takes place. In cases of inner-sphere coordination adsorption, Fe exhibits a tendency to form monodentate adsorption compounds in conjunction with Ou atoms. Additionally, it prefers to create bidentate adsorption compounds through coordination with both Ot and Ou atoms. The adsorption mechanism analysis results show that the ionic property of Fe atom decreases after outer-sphere coordination adsorption. After inner-sphere coordination adsorption, some electrons of Fe atom are transferred to the surface O atom. The presence of electrons between the Fe and O atoms enhances the formation of bonds, hence enhancing the covalent nature of the Fe-O bond. Theoretical FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) calculations show that the formation of Fe-O chemical bonds. Because of the lower adsorption energy and more chemical bonds, hydrate Fe(OH)2 + is more likely to be bidentate adsorbed on the kaolinite surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background With an aging population and the influence of traditional culture, the number of disabled older adults at home is increasing. Meanwhile, their care needs are also increasing. The cooperation between family and community can effectively improve the quality of home care for the disabled older adults. At present, there is a lack of research on the interaction between family and community in home care for disabled older adults. Methods The aim of this study is to determine the experience and demands of the interaction for disabled older adults, family and community, construct an interaction program among disabled older adults, family and community, and improve the quality of life. From may 2022 to July 2022, This study will select disabled older adults families from seven communities in Henan provinces. The researchers, after training, will conduct semi-structured interview to collect research data. According to the integration results of qualitative research, the interactive program is constructed and revised using the Delphi expert consultation method. Then the participants will be selected to accept the intervention of the interactive program and evaluated through questionnaires. Discussion Both family and community play an important role in the care of the disabled older adults at home. There is some evidence indicating the benefits of cooperation between family and community on disabled older adults. This study will take a step further and constructs a interaction program about how to create a positive and interactive home-based older adults care environment. Trial registration Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on April 19, 2021, number ChiCTR2100045584.

Wideband radio frequency (RF) channelization is essential for the reception and detection of cross-band RF signals in various applications, including communications, radar, and spectrum sensing. However, digital channelizers are inefficient at performing RF channelization over a working bandwidth above 10 GHz. Meanwhile, current photonic RF channelizers face challenges in simultaneously considering a wideband, multi-channel, and a high crosstalk suppression ratio. In this work, we proposed and demonstrated a wideband image-reject RF channelization scheme based on integrated dual-soliton microcombs. The dual-soliton microcombs are used for RF spectral copies and heterodyne detection, respectively. Supported by image-reject mixers, the RF channelization is verified with an 8–37 GHz working bandwidth, a 1.2 GHz channel bandwidth, and 25 channels. The image suppression ratio is higher than 34 dB for single-tone signals and 20 dB for wideband signals. Our approach provides an innovative architecture of integrated photonic RF channelizers with high performance, which can benefit a wide range of RF applications by miniaturizing the systems.

Abstract Background High medication literacy is the basis of rational medication application and is essential for the management of severe adverse drug reactions. The objective of the present study was to assess the level of medication literacy and determine the association between medication literacy and skin adverse drug reactions in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing targeted epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted from May to September 2020. In total, 296 NSCLC patients undergoing targeted EGFR-TKI therapy were recruited from hospitals in Henan, China. Structured questionnaires were used to evaluate skin adverse drug reactions and medication literacy. Pearson correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were carried out to identify the correlations between medication literacy and the severity of skin adverse drug reactions in the recruited patients. Results The research sample consisted of 296 patients with a response rate of 92.5%. The mean score of skin adverse drug reactions and the mean score of medication literacy were 1.83 ± 0.91 and 6.54 ± 2.78, respectively. In total, 188 patients (63.5%) were considered to have moderate medication literacy. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, the following factors were associated with severe skin adverse drug reactions: age (B = − 3.929, P = 0.000), sex (B = -4.062, P = 0.000), educational level (B = 2.712, P = 0.002), comorbidity (B = 3.297, P = 0.001), eczema history (B = 2.996, P = 0.001), nutritional status (B = -4.891, P = 0.000), blood interleukin-6 level (B = -2.143, P = 0.013), blood high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level (B = -4.015, P = 0.000), combination of drugs (B = -3.183, P = 0.048) and medication literacy (B = − 1.503, P = 0.000). Subgroup analysis showed that in addition to medication literacy, some other factors including education level, comorbidity, nutritional status, blood interleukin-6 level and combined drug application were common factors that contributed to various adverse skin drug reactions in NSCLC patients under targeted EGFR-TKI therapy. Conclusion The low medication literacy of the investigated NSCLC patients undergoing targeted EGFR-TKI therapy was correlated with a high proportion of severe skin adverse drug reactions. In addition, factors other than medication literacy including education level, comorbidity, nutritional status, blood interleukin-6 level and the combinatorial application of drugs were also related to the severity of various adverse skin drug reactions. A comprehensive and targeted intervention may be beneficial to improve medication literacy and control severe skin adverse drug reactions in NSCLC patients.

During recycling waste concrete, a large amount of waste concrete powder (WCP) is generated. However, efficient utilization of WCP remains an unresolved issue. This paper investigates the influences of WCP on the properties and hydration products of cement mortar containing fly ash (FA). This study used two different types of WCPs. One was made from an ordinary Portland cement mortar, and the other was derived from a Portland cement mortar. WCP replaced 10%, 20%, and 30% of FA. The water requirement, setting time, flow index, strength, hydration products, and microstructure of FA mortar incorporating WCP were investigated. Test results indicate that the WCP has no significant influence on the performances and hydration products of FA mortar. By adequately combining WCP and FA, the FA mortar with required performances could be reached.

Introduction Postpartum depression has great harm and becomes a serious public health problem. Most women stay at home after childbirth, so the support from community and family is particularly important in the treatment of postpartum depression. The cooperation between family and community can effectively improve treatment effect of patients with postpartum depression. It is imperative to conduct a study on the collaboration and interaction among patients, family and community in the treatment of postpartum depression.Methods and analysis The aim of this study is to determine the experience and demands of patients with postpartum depression, family caregivers and community providers for the interaction, construct an interaction intervention programme bettween family and community and promote the rehabilitation of patients with postpartum depression. From September 2022 to October 2022, this study will select postpartum depression patient families from seven communities in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province in China. The researchers, after training, will conduct semi-structured interview to collect research data. According to the integration results of qualitative research and literature review, the interaction intervention programme will be constructed and revised using the Delphi expert consultation method. Then the participants will be selected to accept the intervention of the interaction programme and evaluated through questionnaires.Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Zhengzhou University (ZZUIRB2021-21). The results of this study will contribute to clarify the responsibilities of family subjects and community subjects in the treatment of postpartum depression, more effectively promote the rehabilitation of patients with postpartum depression and reduce the burden of family and society. Moreover, this research will be a profitable exploration at home and abroad. And the findings will be disseminated through conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration number ChiCTR2100045900.

While interest in extrusion-based 3D concrete printing technology has been growing in recent years, only limited literature investigates the hydration products and pore structure of 3D printed cementitious materials (3DPC). The microstructure and compressive strength results of 3D printed cement paste with and without nano calcium carbonate (NC) were investigated and compared to conventionally cast cement pastes. Herein, all mixes possess approximately the same static yield stress, which was adjusted by an additional polycarboxylate superplasticizer (SP). The compressive strength test was employed to quantify the mechanical anisotropy of samples. The hydration products and microstructure of samples were evaluated at 7 days using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and backscattered electron image (BSE) analysis. The results demonstrate that 3D printed cement paste showed a lower compressive strength than cast cement pastes in all directions. The intense and sharp calcium hydroxide (CH) peaks were seen in the XRD analysis of the 3D printed sample, which suggested its high crystallinity. The large size of plate CH can be observed in SEM images. These results indicate that CH grains in 3D printed samples have enough space to grow due to the relatively loose microstructure. This observation was confirmed by the porosity of the 3D printed sample analyzed by BSE images. The BSE imaging analysis also showed that the pore size distribution of the 3D printed sample was different from that of the cast sample. Additionally, the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in the 3D printed sample presented a looser microstructure than the cast sample. Therefore, the reduced compressive strength of 3D printed cement pastes is the relatively loose microstructure, high porosity, and weak ITZ between unhydrated clinkers and hydration products.

The monomineral flotation test and microcalorimetry were used to study the flotation kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of chalcopyrite and pyrite in high alkaline systems of lime and NaOH. The results showed that in these systems there were less hydrophilic substances on the chalcopyrite surface, so that the apparent activation energy of sodium butyl xanthate (SBX) adsorption on chalcopyrite surface was low. This promoted the adsorption of SBX and increased the flotation rate and recovery of chalcopyrite. In contrast, the hydrophilic Fe(OH)3 and SO42- formed by oxidation on the pyrite surface increased the adsorption activation energy of SBX. Thus, the flotation rate and recovery of pyrite were lower. Moreover, in the lime high alkaline system, the hydrophilic calcium film generated on the pyrite surface further hindered the adsorption of SBX, thereby further inhibiting pyrite in this environment. In other words, the lime high alkaline environment increased the apparent activation energy difference of SBX adsorption between chalcopyrite and pyrite compared to the NaOH system, facilitating the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite. The results can help with the theoretical research of flotation separation of other minerals, and provide guidance for developing low alkaline and lime-free pyrite depressants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of CuSO4 and H2O2 on the flotation behavior of cyanide chalcopyrite were investigated by flotation tests, microcalorimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The underlying activation mechanism was studied in the perspective of micro-thermodynamics and surface properties. The flotation results indicated that cyanide chalcopyrite was strongly inhibited by sodium cyanide, with the maximum flotation recovery of 22.5% only. CuSO4 and H2O2 significantly improved the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite, and the flotation recovery was increased to 92.28% and 84.35%, respectively. The micro-thermodynamics results indicated that the adsorption heat of butyl xanthate on cyanide chalcopyrite surface increased after the addition of CuSO4 and H2O2, as well as the reaction order. CuSO4 and H2O2 can significantly improve the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the surface of cyanide chalcopyrite by decreasing the apparent activation energy by 80.11% and 66.54%, respectively. XPS analysis indicated that the CuCN was generated on the surface of cyanide chalcopyrite, leading to the loss of sulfur and inhibiting the adsorption of collectors. As a result, the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite was depressed. It is considered that, CuSO4 and H2O2 can improve the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite by eleminating CuCN from its surface and increasing the concentration of S by 57.02% and 37.48%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Here, we provide a feasible, well-designed protocol of a randomised controlled trial for the assessment of the effects of a home-based multidisciplinary intervention on the severity of skin adverse drug reactions and health-related indicators in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) under epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy.Methods and analysis The study will be a two-group, parallel randomised controlled trial conducted at patients’ homes by a multidisciplinary team in Zhengzhou in Henan Province, China. Patients with NSCLC who received EGFR-TKI therapy and experienced adverse skin reactions will be randomised and receive either ordinary care or home-based multidisciplinary interventions. The intervention will be divided into an intensive stage (6 weeks) and a maintenance stage (6 weeks) with baseline and follow-up assessment. Interventions in the intensive stage will include general interventions such as health education, follow-up, behaviour guide and social support and targeted interventions such as skill training, coping with adverse drug reaction and problem-solving. The measures that will be carried out in maintenance stage are continuous interventions consisted of an intensive intervention. The multidisciplinary team will be responsible for managing skin adverse drug reactions as required at patients’ homes. Data collection and analysis will be performed by researchers at baseline, the end of the sixth week of intervention and the third month after the intervention. The primary outcome is the degree of skin adverse drug reactions, while the secondary outcomes, for example, self-management ability, quality of life, outpatient visits and health economics indicators, will also be presented.Ethics and dissemination This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou University (No. ZZUIRB-2020-97). Findings will be available to patients, clinicians, nurses, pharmacists, community medical staff, funders and health policymakers through peer-reviewed publications, social media and patient support groups.Trial registration number Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2000040643).

To solve the problem of the reduction in strength due to the high-volume of fly ash (FA) in cement, this research investigates the influences of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NCs) on the microstructure and strength of mortar containing 40% FA at the early and later ages. Two NCs (NC1 and NC2) were added at rates of 2% as a partial replacement for the binder, respectively. The characteristics of large capillary pores, the dense and porous areas, the constituent phase fractions, the hydration degree of the cement, the porosity, and the pore structure of mortar containing FA and NCs were analysed by backscattered electron imaging analysis (BSI). Mortar containing FA without NCs was used as a control mortar (PCFA). The results show that mortar containing 2% NCs exhibited about 13.6% and 6.7% higher compressive strengths than that of the PCFA at 3 and 180 days, respectively. Furthermore, the incorporation of the NCs decreases the porous hardened cement paste (HCP) areas, but increases the dense HCP. Besides, the results reveal that the hydration degree, the pore volume, and the larger capillary pores of the mortar containing the NCs is about 9.7%, 15.5%, and 30.5% lower than that of the PCFA at 3 days, respectively. The results of the BSI analysis also indicate that the NCs could reduce the porosity, the large capillary pores, and the porous HCP area of the mortar, creating a denser microstructure, resulting in a higher compressive strength in the later ages.

The transformation law of autogenous volume deformation of MgO-admixed concrete with specimen size was revealed through continuous observation on standard-size (Φ200 mm × 500 mm), medium-size (Φ250 mm × 500 mm), and large-size specimens (Φ250 mm × 600 mm) over 6 years. Besides, the pore parameters of concrete core samples obtained from autogenous volume deformation specimens in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th years of age were investigated. The results show that the autogenous volume deformation of MgO-admixed concrete increases with the increase in the MgO content or age. The expansion rate of the concrete specimen decreases after the age of 360 days, and the autogenous volume expansion deformation of the specimen tends to be stable after about 2 years. When the size of the specimen changes, the autogenous volume deformation of MgO-admixed concrete decreases with the increase of specimen size. During the age of 2–6 years, the expansion of medium- and large-size specimens is reduced by 6–10 and 15–20%, respectively, compared with the standard-size specimens under the same MgO content. With the condition of an appropriate MgO content, regardless of the size of the specimen, the pore structure of the concrete becomes better and better with the growth of age, the concrete becomes denser and denser, and the expansion caused by MgO hydration will not cause damage to concrete structures.

The technology of 3D printing concrete has undergone rapid development in the last few years due to its lower environmental impact than that of conventional concrete. To investigate the fresh and the hardened behavior as well as the microstructure of 3D printing cementitious materials (3DPC) containing nano-CaCO3 (NC), four replacement ratios of NC to binder from 1 to 4% are investigated. 3DPC without NC was used as a control specimen. The workability, such as fluidity, extrudability, printability limit, and deformation under self-weight, and the flexural and compressive strength of 3DPC are tested. The strength development of 3DPC is compared with that of the cast specimens. The hydration products and the microstructure of specimens were also investigated by derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and backscattered electron (BSE) imaging. The results indicate that the fluidity, extrudability, printability limit, and deformation under self-weight demonstrate a decreasing tendency to increase the NC content. This is attributed to the large specific surface area of NC, which increases the mixtures’ consistency. Adding 2% of NC exhibited about 7.2, 39.1, and 22.5% higher compressive strength than that of the control mixture at 7, 28, and 90 days. The enhancement of strength of 3DPC with NC can be ascribed to the filler effects and the seeding effects of NC. Furthermore, NC refines the pore structure and improves the microstructure of 3DPC due to its filler effects and accelerating effects.

BACKGROUND:The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMScs) are modulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs). SATB homeobox 2 (SATB2) is a critical transcription factor that contributes to maintain the balance of bone metabolism. However, it remains unclear how the regulatory relationship between miR-103 and SATB2 on HBMScs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. METHODS:HBMScs were obtained from Cyagen Biosciences and successful induced osteogenic differentiation. The proliferation abilities of HBMScs after treatment with agomiR-103 and antagomiR-103 were assessed using a cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and osteogenic differentiation was determined using alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. The expression levels of miR-103, SATB2, and associated osteogenic differentiation biomarkers, including RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP), and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), were evaluated using real-time qPCR and Western blot. The regulatory sites of miR-103 on SATB2 were predicted using bioinformatics software and validated using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The underlying mechanism of miR-103 on SATB2-medicated HBMScs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were confirmed by co-transfection of antagomiR-103 and SATB2 siRNA. RESULTS:The expression of miR-103 in HBMScs after induction of osteogenic differentiation was reduced in a time-dependent way. Overexpression of miR-103 by transfection of agomiR-103 suppressed HBMScs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, while silencing of miR-103 by antagomiR-103 abolished these inhibitory effects. Consistently, RUNX2, BGLAP and SPP1 mRNA and protein expression were decreased in agomiR-103 treated HBMScs compared with those in agomiR-NC group. Meanwhile, antagomiR-103 upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of RUNX2, BGLAP and SPP1 in HBMScs. Further studies revealed that SATB2 was a direct target gene of miR-103. BMSCs transfected with agomiR-103 exhibited significantly downregulated protein expression level of SATB2, whereas knockdown of miR-103 promoted it. Additionally, rescue assays confirmed that silencing of SATB2 partially reversed the effects of antagomiR-103 induced HBMScs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS:The present results suggested that miR-103 negatively regulates SATB2 to serve an inhibitory role in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of HBMScs, which sheds light upon a potential therapeutic target for treating bone-related diseases.

Ground phosphorous slag (PS) has not been widely used in construction due to its negative effects on the early-age performances of cementitious materials. The effects of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NC) on strength development of mortar containing high content of PS were investigated at different curing ages. The NC was incorporated at 2% as partial mass replacements for binder. Hydration products and microstructure characterization was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal gravity (DTG), thermogravimetric (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Test results showed that NC improved both flexural and compressive strength of mortar containing high content of PS at 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. XRD, DTG-TG, and SEM analysis confirmed the filling effect of NC. Furthermore, the formation of the carboaluminate even at later age also improved the microstructure of mortar, which created a denser microstructure.

The agglomeration of nano-CaCO3 (NC) is the largest bottleneck in applications in cementitious materials. If nano-CaCO3 modifies the surface of micron-scale limestone powder (LS), then it will form nano-CaCO3/limestone composite particles (NC/LS). It is known that micron-scale limestone is easily dispersed, and the “dispersion” of NC is governed by that of LS. Therefore, the dispersion of nano-CaCO3 can be improved by the NC/LS in cementitious materials. In this work, the preparation of NC/LS was carried out in a three-necked flask using the Ca(OH)2-H2O-CO2 reaction system. The morphology of NC/LS was observed by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The effects of NC/LS on the hydration products and pore structure of cementitious materials are proposed. 5% NC/LS was added into cement paste and mortar, and the mechanical properties of the specimens were measured at a certain age. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), and backscattered electron imaging (BSE) were conducted on the specimens to investigate the hydration products and pore structure. The properties of specimens with NC/LS were compared to that of control specimens (without NC/LS). The results revealed that NC/LS reduced the porosity and improved the mechanical properties of the cementitious materials.