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1. Service delivery approaches related to hearing aids in low- and middle-income countries or resource-limited settings: A systematic scoping review.

Author

Lauren K Dillard, Carolina M Der, Ariane Laplante-Lévesque, De Wet Swanepoel, Peter R Thorne, Bradley McPherson, Victor de Andrade, John Newall, Hubert D Ramos, Annette Kaspar, Carrie L Nieman, Jackie L Clark, and Shelly Chadha

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Hearing loss is an important global public health issue which can be alleviated through treatment with hearing aids. However, most people who would benefit from hearing aids do not receive them, in part due to challenges in accessing hearing aids and related services, which are most salient in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and other resource-limited settings. Innovative approaches for hearing aid service delivery can overcome many of the challenges related to access, including that of limited human resources trained to provide ear and hearing care. The purpose of this systematic scoping review is to synthesize evidence on service delivery approaches for hearing aid provision in LMIC and resource-limited settings. We searched 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE) for peer-reviewed articles from 2000 to 2022 that focused on service delivery approaches related to hearing aids in LMIC or resource-limited settings. Fifteen peer-reviewed articles were included, which described hospital-based (3 studies), large-scale donation program (1 studies), community-based (7 studies), and remote (telehealth; 4 studies) service delivery approaches. Key findings are that hearing aid services can be successfully delivered in hospital- and community-based settings, and remotely, and that both qualified hearing care providers and trained non-specialists can provide quality hearing aid services. Service delivery approaches focused on community-based and remote care, and task sharing among qualified hearing care providers and trained non-specialists can likely improve access to hearing aids worldwide, thereby reducing the burden of untreated hearing loss.

Published
2024
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2. Der Nachlass Eugen Bormanns an der Prager Karls‑Universität

Author

Hubert D. Szemethy

Subjects
eugen bormann, archival research, biography, bormann papers, correspondence, letters, history of classics, university of vienna, university of prague, Archaeology, CC1-960
Abstract

Eugen Bormann, Professor of Ancient History and Epigraphy at the University of Vienna from 1885 to 1914, left a great scientific legacy after his demise. Because of the private correspondence of his widow Auguste with her daughter Emma, we know details about the sale of this legacy. The legacy was bought by the textile industrialist Hugo Ritter Grab von Hermannswörth, who donated it to the German University in Prague. Some of this legacy has not yet been found. But what we have in abundance is Bormann’s correspondence in the archives of Charles University in Prague. This article will not only trace the story of the sale of the ‘Bormann papers’, it will also cast light on a few selected bundles, e.g. gifts for Bormanns 70th birthday, school certificates, letters from Otto Benndorf, Alexander Conze, Michael Rostovtzeff, or Marie von Ebner -Eschenbach. This will show what tremendous treasure slumbers for the biographical research on Eugen Bormann in the Prague archive. The author’s goal is to lift this treasure in the next few years.

Published
2019

3. 'It depends': Configuring AI to Improve Clinical Usefulness Across Contexts

Author

Zając, Hubert D., Ribeiro, Jorge M. N., Ingala, Silvia, Gentile, Simona, Wanjohi, Ruth, Gitau, Samuel N., Carlsen, Jonathan F., Nielsen, Michael B., and Andersen, Tariq O.

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) repeatedly match or outperform radiologists in lab experiments. However, real-world implementations of radiological AI-based systems are found to provide little to no clinical value. This paper explores how to design AI for clinical usefulness in different contexts. We conducted 19 design sessions and design interventions with 13 radiologists from 7 clinical sites in Denmark and Kenya, based on three iterations of a functional AI-based prototype. Ten sociotechnical dependencies were identified as crucial for the design of AI in radiology. We conceptualised four technical dimensions that must be configured to the intended clinical context of use: AI functionality, AI medical focus, AI decision threshold, and AI Explainability. We present four design recommendations on how to address dependencies pertaining to the medical knowledge, clinic type, user expertise level, patient context, and user situation that condition the configuration of these technical dimensions.

Published
2024
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4. Cex1 is a component of the COPI intracellular trafficking machinery

Author

Ludovic Enkler, Bruno Rinaldi, Johan Owen de Craene, Philippe Hammann, Osamu Nureki, Bruno Senger, Sylvie Friant, and Hubert D. Becker

Subjects
cex1, copi coat, trafficking, scyl1, arc1, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

COPI (coatomer complex I) coated vesicles are involved in Golgi-to-ER and intra-Golgi trafficking pathways, and mediate retrieval of ER resident proteins. Functions and components of the COPI-mediated trafficking pathways, beyond the canonical set of Sec/Arf proteins, are constantly increasing in number and complexity. In mammalian cells, GORAB, SCYL1 and SCYL3 proteins regulate Golgi morphology and protein glycosylation in concert with the COPI machinery. Here, we show that Cex1, homologous to the mammalian SCYL proteins, is a component of the yeast COPI machinery, by interacting with Sec27, Sec28 and Sec33 (Ret1/Cop1) proteins of the COPI coat. Cex1 was initially reported to mediate channeling of aminoacylated tRNA outside of the nucleus. Our data show that Cex1 localizes at membrane compartments, on structures positive for the Sec33 α-COP subunit. Moreover, the Wbp1 protein required for N-glycosylation and interacting via its di-lysine motif with the Sec27 β′-COP subunit is mis-targeted in cex1Δ deletion mutant cells. Our data point to the possibility of developing Cex1 yeast-based models to study neurodegenerative disorders linked to pathogenic mutations of its human homologue SCYL1.

Published
2021
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5. Bilateral inguinal HPV-related squamous cell carcinomas with warty-basaloid features: An unusual presentation in a non-penile location

Author

Niloufar Khanna, Amrita Arora, Cara A. Liebert, Peter Johannet, John Leppert, Brian Dietrich, Christine Y. Louie, Hubert D. Lau, Kristin C. Jensen, Melissa Clark, and Ryanne A. Brown

Subjects
Human papilloma virus, Squamous cell carcinoma, Cutaneous oncology, Warty-basaloid, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

The relevance of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related features in cutaneous, non-anogenital SCC is not known and not incorporated into current diagnostic categories and treatment algorithms. Here, we describe the case of a 78-year-old male with bilateral inguinal warty-basaloid carcinoma, which is an HPV-related SCC that, in men, has been described only in a penile location. The patient underwent surgical excision without lymphadenectomy and declined radiation therapy due to concerns of poor wound healing. Adjuvant chemotherapy was not offered given the patient's Stage IV chronic kidney disease and undefined degree of benefit in the absence of concurrent radiotherapy. We therefore opted for close follow up and surveillance with PET/CT imaging and full body skin exams. The patient also received HPV vaccination. No clinical evidence of recurrence or metastasis was apparent at 6 months following initial excision. The identification of HPV-associated cutaneous SCC and correlation with patient outcomes is necessary to evaluate the prognostic significance of these features and to clarify the role of different treatment strategies in this setting.

Published
2020
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6. Visual Working Memory of Chinese Characters and Expertise: The Expert’s Memory Advantage Is Based on Long-Term Knowledge of Visual Word Forms

Author

Hubert D. Zimmer and Benjamin Fischer

Subjects
visual working and short-term memory, visual working memory c, expertise, visual working memory precision, Chinese character, visual word form area, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

People unfamiliar with Chinese characters show poorer visual working memory (VWM) performance for Chinese characters than do literates in Chinese. In a series of experiments, we investigated the reasons for this expertise advantage. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that the advantage of Chinese literates does not transfer to novel material. Experts had similar resolution as novices for material outside of their field of expertise, and the memory of novices and experts did not differ when detecting a big change, e.g., when a character’s color was changed. Memorizing appears to function as a rather abstract representation of word forms because memory for characters’ fonts was poor independently of expertise (Experiment 3), though still visual. Distractors that were highly similar conceptually did not increase memory errors, but visually similar distractors impaired memory (Experiment 4). We hypothesized that literates in Chinese represent characters in VWM as tokens of visual word forms made available by long-term memory. In Experiment 5, we provided novices with visual word form knowledge. Participants subsequently performed a change detection task with trained and novel characters in a functional magnetic resonance experiment. We analyzed set size- and training-dependent effects in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the visual word form area. VWM for trained characters was better than for novel characters. Neural activity increased with set size and at a slower rate for trained than for novel characters. All conditions approached the same maximum, but novel characters reached the maximum at a smaller set size than trained characters. The time course of the bold response depended on set size and knowledge status. Starting from the same initial maximum, neural activity at small set sizes returned to baseline more quickly for trained characters than for novel characters. Additionally, high performers showed generally more neural activity in the IPS than low performers. We conclude that experts’ better performance in working memory (WM) is caused by the availability of visual long-term representations (word form types) that allow a sparse representation of the perceived stimuli and make even small changes big because they cause a type change that is easily detected.

Published
2020
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7. Transgenic hepatitis B: a new model of HBV infection

Author

Hubert D.-J. Daniel and Michael Torbenson

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Chronic hepatitis B infection (HBV) is major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Currently there is limited understanding on the cellular proteins and related molecules involved in the critical steps of viral entry into the cytoplasm and persistent viral replication in cell culture. In order to address these fundamental questions, we designed and implemented a new model of hepatitis B: infectious transgenic hepatitis B virus composed of a complete virus plus a foreign gene. The foreign gene allows identification of cells that are infected by the transgenic virus. The transgenic virus was used in a functional assay to identify cellular proteins necessary for viral replication. This assay repeatedly identified the protein UQCR10. After restoring UQCR10 levels in HepG2 and Huh7 cells, they can be infected by intact virions of transgenic hepatitis B. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this new transgenic hepatitis B model.

Published
2017
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8. Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age

Author

Sandra Dörrenbächer, Chiara Schütz, Marc Woirgardt, C. Carolyn Wu, Hubert D. Zimmer, and Jutta Kray

Subjects
aging, cognitive control impairments, task-switching training, fMRI, context updating, delayed recognition, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

In the present study, we aimed at examining selective neural changes after task-switching training in old age by not only considering the spatial location but also the timescale of brain activation changes (i.e., sustained/block-related or transient/trial-related timescales). We assigned a sample of 50 older adults to a task-switching training or an active single-task control group. We administered two task paradigms, either sensitive to transient (i.e., a context-updating task) or sustained (i.e., a delayed-recognition working-memory task) dynamics of cognitive control. These dynamics were captured by utilizing an appropriate event-related or block-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design. We captured selective changes in task activation during the untrained tasks after task-switching training compared to an active control group. Results revealed changes at the neural level that were not evident from only behavioral data. Importantly, neural changes in the transient-sensitive context updating task were found on the same timescale but in a different region (i.e., in the left inferior parietal lobule) than in the task-switching training task (i.e., ventrolateral PFC, inferior frontal junction, superior parietal lobule), only pointing to temporal overlap, while neural changes in the sustained-sensitive delayed-recognition task overlapped in both timescale and region with the task-switching training task (i.e., in the basal ganglia), pointing to spatio-temporal overlap. These results suggest that neural changes after task-switching training seem to be critically supported by the temporal organization of neural processing.

Published
2019
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9. Aspergillus fumigatus in the cystic fibrosis lung: pros and cons of azole therapy

Author

Burgel PR, Paugam A, Hubert D, and Martin C

Subjects
Aspergillus fumigatus, cystic fibrosis, itraconazole, voriconazole, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Pierre-Régis Burgel,1,2 André Paugam,2,3 Dominique Hubert,1,2 Clémence Martin1,2 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, 2Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 3Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France Abstract: Aspergillus fumigatus is the main fungus cultured in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis occurs in ~10% of CF patients and is clearly associated with airway damage and lung function decline. The effects of A. fumigatus colonization in the absence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis are less well established. Retrospective clinical studies found associations of A. fumigatus-positive cultures with computed tomography scan abnormalities, greater risk of CF exacerbations and hospitalizations, and/or lung function decline. These findings were somewhat variable among studies and provided only circumstantial evidence for a role of A. fumigatus colonization in CF lung disease progression. The availability of a growing number of oral antifungal triazole drugs, together with the results of nonrandomized case series suggesting positive effects of azole therapies, makes it tempting to treat CF patients with these antifungal drugs. However, the only randomized controlled trial that has used itraconazole in CF patients showed no significant benefit. Because triazoles may have significant adverse effects and drug interactions, and because their prolonged use has been associated with the emergence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates, it remains unclear whether or not CF patients benefit from azole therapy. Keywords: itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, azole resistance, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Published
2016

10. Ground Truth Or Dare: Factors Affecting The Creation Of Medical Datasets For Training AI

Author

Zając, Hubert D., Avlona, Natalia R., Andersen, Tariq O., Kensing, Finn, and Shklovski, Irina

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

One of the core goals of responsible AI development is ensuring high-quality training datasets. Many researchers have pointed to the importance of the annotation step in the creation of high-quality data, but less attention has been paid to the work that enables data annotation. We define this work as the design of ground truth schema and explore the challenges involved in the creation of datasets in the medical domain even before any annotations are made. Based on extensive work in three health-tech organisations, we describe five external and internal factors that condition medical dataset creation processes. Three external factors include regulatory constraints, the context of creation and use, and commercial and operational pressures. These factors condition medical data collection and shape the ground truth schema design. Two internal factors include epistemic differences and limits of labelling. These directly shape the design of the ground truth schema. Discussions of what constitutes high-quality data need to pay attention to the factors that shape and constrain what is possible to be created, to ensure responsible AI design.

Published
2023
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11. Endomyocardial fibrosis in Sub Saharan Africa: The geographical origin, socioeconomic status, and dietary habits of cases reported in Yaounde, Cameroon

Author

David Chelo, Felicitee Nguefack, Hubert D Mbassi Awa, and Samuel Kingue

Subjects
Cameroon, dietary habits, endomyocardial fibrosis, geographical origin, socioeconomic status, Yaounde, Medicine, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background : Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a neglected heart condition of the inter-tropical regions. Numerous hypotheses suggest a relationship between its geographical distribution in the affected regions and other etio-pathogenic factors such as dietary habits, infectious causes, and geochemical causes. Knowledge of its epidemiology in Cameroon remains limited, which is why we decided to describe the profile of a paediatric series of EMF in Yaoundé. Patients and Methods : A retrospective study was carried out on EMF in 54 patients diagnosed from 1 January 2006-31 December 2014 in a Paediatric Centre of Yaoundé. Diagnosis was mainly echocardiographic. We compiled data on the geographic origins of the patients, their dietary habits and the socioeconomic profile of their families. Results : The patients′ ages ranged from 2 to 17 years, most of whom (83.3%) were between 5 and 15 years. For geographical distribution, all came from three tropical forest zones where they have lived since their childhood. These were Center (32/54), South (12/54), and East (10/54). All families had a moderate income, consumed tubers at least twice a week especially cassava (43/54) and had low sources of proteins. Conclusion : Apart from geographical similarities all patients of our series shared the same dietary habits. Our study was conducted in a hospital setting; therefore a screening of the disease in the whole national territory would enable a more reliable mapping.

Published
2015
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12. The Beneficial Effect of Testing: An Event-Related Potential Study

Author

Cheng-Hua eBai, Emma K. Bridger, Hubert D Zimmer, and Axel eMecklinger

Subjects
ERP, Associative Memory, episodic memory, memory retrieval, Recollection, relational processing, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

The enhanced memory performance for items that are tested as compared to being restudied (the testing effect) is a frequently reported memory phenomenon. According to the episodic context account of the testing effect, this beneficial effect of testing is related to a process which reinstates the previously learnt episodic information. Few studies have explored the neural correlates of this effect at the time point when testing takes place, however. In this study, we utilized the ERP correlates of successful memory encoding to address this issue, hypothesizing that if the benefit of testing is due to retrieval-related processes at test then subsequent memory effects should resemble the ERP correlates of retrieval-based processing in their temporal and spatial characteristics. Participants were asked to learn Swahili-German word pairs before items were presented in either a testing or a restudy condition. Memory performance was assessed immediately and one-day later with a cued recall task. Successfully recalling items at test increased the likelihood that items were remembered over time compared to items which were only restudied. An ERP subsequent memory contrast (later remembered vs. later forgotten tested items), which reflects the engagement of processes that ensure items are recallable the next day were topographically comparable

Published
2015
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13. Is the Correlation between Storage Capacity and Matrix Reasoning Driven by the Storage of Partial Solutions? A Pilot Study of an Experimental Approach

Author

Florian Domnick, Hubert D. Zimmer, Nicolas Becker, and Frank M. Spinath

Subjects
fluid intelligence, matrices test, working memory, storage capacity, partial solutions, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Working memory capacity (WMC) and reasoning abilities—as assessed by figural matrices tests—are substantially correlated. It is controversially discussed whether this correlation is only caused by controlled attention or also by storage capacity. This study aims at investigating storage of partial solutions as a possible mechanism by which storage capacity may contribute to solving figural matrices tests. For this purpose, we analyzed how an experimental manipulation of storage demands changes the pattern of correlations between WMC and performance in a matrix task. We manipulated the storage demands by applying two test formats: one providing the externalization of partial solutions and one without the possibility of externalization. Storage capacity was assessed by different types of change detection tasks. We found substantial correlations between storage capacity and matrices test performance, but they were of comparable size for both test formats. We take this as evidence that the necessity to store partial solutions is not the limiting factor which causes the association between storage capacity and matrices test. It is discussed how this approach can be used to investigate alternative mechanisms by that storage may influence performance in matrices tests.

Published
2017
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15. Differential expression of miR-145 in children with Kawasaki disease.

Author

Chisato Shimizu, Jihoon Kim, Petra Stepanowsky, Christine Trinh, Hubert D Lau, Johnny C Akers, Clark Chen, John T Kanegaye, Adriana Tremoulet, Lucila Ohno-Machado, and Jane C Burns

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of childhood that can result in structural damage to the coronary arteries. Previous studies have implicated the TGF-β pathway in disease pathogenesis and generation of myofibroblasts in the arterial wall. microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and can be transported between cells in extracellular vesicles. To understand the role that microRNAs play in modifying gene expression in Kawasaki disease, we studied microRNAs from whole blood during the acute and convalescent stages of the illness.RNA isolated from the matched whole blood of 12 patients with acute and convalescent Kawasaki disease were analyzed by sequencing of small RNA. This analysis revealed six microRNAs (miRs-143, -199b-5p, -618, -223, -145 and -145* (complementary strand)) whose levels were significantly elevated during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. The result was validated using targeted qRT-PCR using an independent cohort (n = 16). miR-145, which plays a critical role in the differentiation of neutrophils and vascular smooth muscle cells, was expressed at high levels in blood samples from acute Kawasaki disease but not adenovirus-infected control patients (p = 0.005). miR-145 was also detected in small extracellular vesicles isolated from acute Kawasaki disease plasma samples. Pathway analysis of the predicted targets of the 6 differentially expressed microRNAs identified the TGF-β pathway as the top pathway regulated by microRNAs in Kawasaki disease.Sequencing of small RNA species allowed discovery of microRNAs that may participate in Kawasaki disease pathogenesis. miR-145 may participate, along with other differentially expressed microRNAs, in regulating expression of genes in the TGF-β pathway during the acute illness. If the predicted target genes are confirmed, our findings suggest a model of Kawasaki disease pathogenesis whereby miR-145 modulates TGF-β signaling in the arterial wall.

Published
2013
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17. Age-related differences in behavioral outcomes of bimanual functional motor tasks in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a scoping review.

Author

Gascon, Hubert D., Maldonado Numata, Sahian Alicia, Emond, Sandrine, Nemanich, Samuel, and Robert, Maxime T.

Abstract

AbstractAimMethodResultsConclusion\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe objective of this review is to determine age-related differences in behavioral outcomes of bimanual motor tasks in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP).This review followed the 6-stage Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. The Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, and PubMed databases were searched on May 2024. We included studies that employed instrumented measures to assess bimanual tasks in individuals with CP aged between 3 and 19 years.Twenty-eight studies were included after full-text screening. This review reported on 544 individuals with CP. Bimanual tasks were grouped in seven categories and their varying complexities were listed and analyzed. There are numerous methods for assessing bimanual performance. The listed methods have shown that the gap between children with CP and healthy peers widens as task complexity increases. The data suggest that age-related outcomes result from a complex interaction between atypical development, the severity of deficits, and the context-dependent nature of the protocols.The lack of standardized reporting on age-related results limits our understanding of bimanual developmental functions in CP. Standardizing these measures will enhance our understanding of bimanual function and better define the principles guiding therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for individuals with CP.In studies with children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, seven categories of instrumented bimanual tasks were identified.Rehabilitation professionals should prioritize precise, adaptable tools to track subtle patient progress.Providing children and adolescents with cerebral palsy with tasks of different complexities could assist them in accomplishing activities of daily living.Rehabilitation interventions should be tailored to each patient’s developmental level and clinical profile.In studies with children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, seven categories of instrumented bimanual tasks were identified.Rehabilitation professionals should prioritize precise, adaptable tools to track subtle patient progress.Providing children and adolescents with cerebral palsy with tasks of different complexities could assist them in accomplishing activities of daily living.Rehabilitation interventions should be tailored to each patient’s developmental level and clinical profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. RNA-dependent sterol aspartylation in fungi

Author

Yakobov, Nathaniel, Fischer, Frédéric, Mahmoudi, Nassira, Saga, Yusuke, Grube, Christopher D., Roy, Hervé, Senger, Bruno, Grob, Guillaume, Tatematsu, Shunsuke, Yokokawa, Daisuke, Mouyna, Isabelle, Latgé, Jean-Paul, Nakajima, Harushi, Kushiro, Tetsuo, and Becker, Hubert D.

Published
2020

26. Service delivery approaches related to hearing aids in low- and middle-income countries or resource-limited settings: A systematic scoping review

Author

Dillard, Lauren K., primary, Der, Carolina M., additional, Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane, additional, Swanepoel, De Wet, additional, Thorne, Peter R., additional, McPherson, Bradley, additional, de Andrade, Victor, additional, Newall, John, additional, Ramos, Hubert D., additional, Kaspar, Annette, additional, Nieman, Carrie L., additional, Clark, Jackie L., additional, and Chadha, Shelly, additional

Published
2024
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29. Cardiovascular pathology in 2 young adults with sudden, unexpected death due to coronary aneurysms from Kawasaki disease in childhood

Author

Shimizu, Chisato, Sood, Alka, Lau, Hubert D, Oharaseki, Toshiaki, Takahashi, Kei, Krous, Henry F, Campman, Steven, and Burns, Jane C

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Aging, Heart Disease, Pediatric, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Prevention, Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Coronary Aneurysm, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Humans, Male, Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome, Young Adult, Kawasaki disease, Sudden death, Coronary artery aneurysm, Myocardial fibrosis, Autopsy, Transforming growth factor beta, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

PurposeCoronary artery aneurysms (CAA) may remain silent after Kawasaki disease (KD) until adulthood when myocardial ischemia can lead to sudden death. We postulated that there would be young adults with sudden, unexpected death due to CAA from KD who would have a state-mandated autopsy performed by the San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office (SDCMEO).MethodsWe reviewed all autopsy cases

Published
2015

31. Neutrino analysis of the September 2010 Crab Nebula flare and time-integrated constraints on neutrino emission from the Crab using IceCube

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feintzeig, J., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Gora, D., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hajismail, A., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madajczyk, B., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, C. C., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Zarzhitsky, P., and Zoll, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results for a search of high-energy muon neutrinos with the IceCube detector in coincidence with the Crab nebula flare reported on September 2010 by various experiments. Due to the unusual flaring state of the otherwise steady source we performed a prompt analysis of the 79-string configuration data to search for neutrinos that might be emitted along with the observed gamma-rays. We performed two different and complementary data selections of neutrino events in the time window of 10 days around the flare. One event selection is optimized for discovery of E^-2 neutrino spectrum typical of 1st order Fermi acceleration. A similar event selection has also been applied to the 40-string data to derive the time-integrated limits to the neutrino emission from the Crab. The other event selection was optimized for discovery of neutrino spectra with softer spectral index and TeV energy cut-offs as observed for various galactic sources in gamma-rays. The 90% CL best upper limits on the Crab flux during the 10 day flare are 4.73 x 10^-11 cm-2 s-1 TeV-1 for an E^-2 neutrino spectrum and 2.50 x 10^-10 cm-2 s-1 TeV-1 for a softer neutrino spectra of E-2.7, as indicated by Fermi measurements during the flare. IceCube has also set a time-integrated limit on the neutrino emission of the Crab using 375.5 days of livetime of the 40-string configuration data. This limit is compared to existing models of neutrino production from the Crab and its impact on astrophysical parameters is discussed. The most optimistic predictions of some models are already rejected by the IceCube neutrino telescope with more than 90% CL.

Published
2011
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32. Observation of Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Galactic Cosmic Rays at Multiple Angular Scales with IceCube

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feintzeig, J., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Gora, D., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hajismail, A., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madajczyk, B., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, C. C., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Zarzhitsky, P., and Zoll, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Between May 2009 and May 2010, the IceCube neutrino detector at the South Pole recorded 32 billion muons generated in air showers produced by cosmic rays with a median energy of 20 TeV. With a data set of this size, it is possible to probe the southern sky for per-mille anisotropy on all angular scales in the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays. Applying a power spectrum analysis to the relative intensity map of the cosmic ray flux in the southern hemisphere, we show that the arrival direction distribution is not isotropic, but shows significant structure on several angular scales. In addition to previously reported large-scale structure in the form of a strong dipole and quadrupole, the data show small-scale structure on scales between 15 degrees and 30 degrees. The skymap exhibits several localized regions of significant excess and deficit in cosmic ray intensity. The relative intensity of the smaller-scale structures is about a factor of 5 weaker than that of the dipole and quadrupole structure. The most significant structure, an excess localized at right ascension 122.4 degrees and declination -47.4 degrees, extends over at least 20 degrees in right ascension and has a post-trials significance of 5.3 sigma. The origin of this anisotropy is still unknown., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2011
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33. A Search for a Diffuse Flux of Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos with the IceCube 40-String Detector

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Gora, D., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a 1 km$^{3}$ detector currently taking data at the South Pole. One of the main strategies used to look for astrophysical neutrinos with IceCube is the search for a diffuse flux of high-energy neutrinos from unresolved sources. A hard energy spectrum of neutrinos from isotropically distributed astrophysical sources could manifest itself as a detectable signal that may be differentiated from the atmospheric neutrino background by spectral measurement. This analysis uses data from the IceCube detector collected in its half completed configuration which operated between April 2008 and May 2009 to search for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos. A total of 12,877 upward going candidate neutrino events have been selected for this analysis. No evidence for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos was found in the data set leading to a 90 percent C.L. upper limit on the normalization of an $E^{-2}$ astrophysical $\nu_{\mu}$ flux of $8.9 \times 10^{-9} \ \mathrm{GeV \ cm^{-2} \ s^{-1} \ sr^{-1}}$. The analysis is sensitive in the energy range between $35 \ \mathrm{TeV} - 7 \ \mathrm{PeV}$. The 12,877 candidate neutrino events are consistent with atmospheric muon neutrinos measured from 332 GeV to 84 TeV and no evidence for a prompt component to the atmospheric neutrino spectrum is found., Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures

Published
2011
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34. Time-Dependent Searches for Point Sources of Neutrinos with the 40-String and 22-String Configurations of IceCube

Author

The IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

This paper presents searches for flaring sources of neutrinos using the IceCube neutrino telescope. For the first time, a search is performed over the entire parameter space of energy, direction and time looking for neutrino flares of 20 microseconds to a year duration from astrophysical sources among the atmospheric neutrino and muon backgrounds. Searches which integrate over time are less sensitive to flares because they are affected by a larger background of atmospheric neutrinos and muons that can be reduced by the time constraint. Flaring sources considered here, such as active galactic nuclei, soft gamma-ray repeaters and gamma-ray bursts, are promising candidate neutrino emitters. We used mainly data taken between April 5, 2008 and May 20, 2009 by a partially completed configuration of IceCube with 40 strings. For the presented searches an unbinned maximum likelihood method is used with a time-dependent prior to test several different source hypotheses. An "untriggered" search covers any possible time-dependent emission from sources not correlated to any other observation using other astrophysical messengers such as photons. Moreover, a similar time scan is performed for a predefined catalogue of sources that exhibit intense photon flares. Searches triggered by multi-wavelength information on flares from blazars and soft gamma-ray repeaters are performed using the 40 string data and also the data taken by the previous configuration of 22 strings in operation between May 31, 2007 and April 5, 2008. Flares for which extensive and continuous monitoring is available from Fermi-LAT and SWIFT and flares detected by imaging Cherenkov telescopes with shorter time-scale monitoring are considered. The results from all searches are compatible with a fluctuation of the background., Comment: 37 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2011
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35. Constraints on the Extremely-high Energy Cosmic Neutrino Flux with the IceCube 2008-2009 Data

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Gora, D., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a search for extremely-high energy neutrinos with energies greater than $10^6$ GeV using the data taken with the IceCube detector at the South Pole. The data was collected between April 2008 and May 2009 with the half completed IceCube array. The absence of signal candidate events in the sample of 333.5 days of livetime significantly improves model independent limit from previous searches and allows to place a limit on the diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos with an $E^{-2}$ spectrum in the energy range $2.0 \times 10^{6}$ $-$ $6.3 \times 10^{9}$ GeV to a level of $E^2 \phi \leq 3.6 \times 10^{-8}$ ${\rm GeV cm^{-2} sec^{-1}sr^{-1}}$., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures. This corresponds to the paper Phys.Rev.D 83, 092003(2011), and its erratum Phys.Rev.D 84, 079902(2011)

Published
2011
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36. Background studies for acoustic neutrino detection at the South Pole

Author

The IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schönwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The detection of acoustic signals from ultra-high energy neutrino interactions is a promising method to measure the tiny flux of cosmogenic neutrinos expected on Earth. The energy threshold for this process depends strongly on the absolute noise level in the target material. The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS), deployed in the upper part of four boreholes of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, has monitored the noise in Antarctic ice at the geographic South Pole for more than two years down to 500 m depth. The noise is very stable and Gaussian distributed. Lacking an in-situ calibration up to now, laboratory measurements have been used to estimate the absolute noise level in the 10 to 50 kHz frequency range to be smaller than 20 mPa. Using a threshold trigger, sensors of the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup registered acoustic pulse-like events in the IceCube detector volume and its vicinity. Acoustic signals from refreezing IceCube holes and from anthropogenic sources have been used to localize acoustic events. Monte Carlo simulations of sound propagating from the established sources to the SPATS sensors have allowed to check corresponding model expectations. An upper limit on the neutrino flux at energies $E_\nu > 10^{11}$ GeV is derived from acoustic data taken over eight months., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures

Published
2011
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37. Constraints on high-energy neutrino emission from SN 2008D

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Boser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirors, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., D\?iaz-Velez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gladstone, L., Glusenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Kohne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lunemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Matusik, M., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészaros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul18, L., Heros, C. Perez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Singh, K., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Straszheim16, T., Sullivan16, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turcan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt1, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wikstrom, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

SN 2008D, a core collapse supernova at a distance of 27 Mpc, was serendipitously discovered by the Swift satellite through an associated X-ray flash. Core collapse supernovae have been observed in association with long gamma-ray bursts and X-ray flashes and a physical connection is widely assumed. This connection could imply that some core collapse supernovae possess mildly relativistic jets in which high-energy neutrinos are produced through proton-proton collisions. The predicted neutrino spectra would be detectable by Cherenkov neutrino detectors like IceCube. A search for a neutrino signal in temporal and spatial correlation with the observed X-ray flash of SN 2008D was conducted using data taken in 2007-2008 with 22 strings of the IceCube detector. Events were selected based on a boosted decision tree classifier trained with simulated signal and experimental background data. The classifier was optimized to the position and a "soft jet" neutrino spectrum assumed for SN 2008D. Using three search windows placed around the X-ray peak, emission time scales from 100 - 10000 s were probed. No events passing the cuts were observed in agreement with the signal expectation of 0.13 events. Upper limits on the muon neutrino flux from core collapse supernovae were derived for different emission time scales and the principal model parameters were constrained., Comment: 8 pages

Published
2011
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38. Search for Dark Matter from the Galactic Halo with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schoenwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Self-annihilating or decaying dark matter in the Galactic halo might produce high energy neutrinos detectable with neutrino telescopes. We have conducted a search for such a signal using 276 days of data from the IceCube 22-string configuration detector acquired during 2007 and 2008. The effect of halo model choice in the extracted limit is reduced by performing a search that considers the outer halo region and not the Galactic Center. We constrain any large scale neutrino anisotropy and are able to set a limit on the dark matter self-annihilation cross section of <\sigma_{A}v> \simeq 10^{-22} cm^3/s for WIMP masses above 1 TeV, assuming a monochromatic neutrino line spectrum., Comment: 12pages, 13figures

Published
2011
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39. First search for atmospheric and extraterrestrial neutrino-induced cascades with the IceCube detector

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., B, S., "oser, Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demir, L., "ors, Denger, T., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., D'iaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., aard, O. Engdeg, Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Gross, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schoenwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Stür, M., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tur\v\can, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on the first search for atmospheric and for diffuse astrophysical neutrino-induced showers (cascades) in the IceCube detector using 257 days of data collected in the year 2007-2008 with 22 strings active. A total of 14 events with energies above 16 TeV remained after event selections in the diffuse analysis, with an expected total background contribution of $8.3\pm 3.6$. At 90% confidence we set an upper limit of $E^2\Phi_{90%CL}<3.6\times10^{-7} GeV \cdot cm^{-2} \cdot s^{-1}\cdot sr^{-1} $ on the diffuse flux of neutrinos of all flavors in the energy range between 24 TeV and 6.6 PeV assuming that $\Phi \propto E^{-2}$ and that the flavor composition of the $\nu_e : \nu_\mu : \nu_\tau$ flux is $1 : 1 : 1$ at the Earth. The atmospheric neutrino analysis was optimized for lower energies. A total of 12 events were observed with energies above 5 TeV. The observed number of events is consistent with the expected background, within the uncertainties., Comment: 14 pages, 16 figures

Published
2011
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40. Limits on Neutrino Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts with the 40 String IceCube Detector

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brown, A. M., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Fischer-Wasels, T., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Heinen, D., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schmidt, T., Schoenwald, A., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, C., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

IceCube has become the first neutrino telescope with a sensitivity below the TeV neutrino flux predicted from gamma-ray bursts if GRBs are responsible for the observed cosmic-ray flux above $10^{18}$ eV. Two separate analyses using the half-complete IceCube detector, one a dedicated search for neutrinos from $p \gamma$-interactions in the prompt phase of the GRB fireball, and the other a generic search for any neutrino emission from these sources over a wide range of energies and emission times, produced no evidence for neutrino emission, excluding prevailing models at 90% confidence., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; accepted by Physical Review Letters. Incorporates miscellaneous clarifications from original version

Published
2011
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41. Search for a Lorentz-violating sidereal signal with atmospheric neutrinos in IceCube

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Matusik, M., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Singh, K., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wikström, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A search for sidereal modulation in the flux of atmospheric muon neutrinos in IceCube was performed. Such a signal could be an indication of Lorentz-violating physics. Neutrino oscillation models, derivable from extensions to the Standard Model, allow for neutrino oscillations that depend on the neutrino's direction of propagation. No such direction-dependent variation was found. A discrete Fourier transform method was used to constrain the Lorentz and CPT-violating coefficients in one of these models. Due to the unique high energy reach of IceCube, it was possible to improve constraints on certain Lorentz-violating oscillations by three orders of magnitude with respect to limits set by other experiments., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Revision updates a reference and adds a comment on the 120 degree zenith restriction

Published
2010
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42. Measurement of the atmospheric neutrino energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 400 TeV with IceCube

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., BenZvi, S., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blumenthal, J., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dierckxsens, M., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Larson, M. J., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Marotta, A., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Matusik, M., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, A. R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., O'Murchadha, A., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Singh, K., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, B. T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voge, M., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wikström, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A measurement of the atmospheric muon neutrino energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 400 TeV was performed using a data sample of about 18,000 up-going atmospheric muon neutrino events in IceCube. Boosted decision trees were used for event selection to reject mis-reconstructed atmospheric muons and obtain a sample of up-going muon neutrino events. Background contamination in the final event sample is less than one percent. This is the first measurement of atmospheric neutrinos up to 400 TeV, and is fundamental to understanding the impact of this neutrino background on astrophysical neutrino observations with IceCube. The measured spectrum is consistent with predictions for the atmospheric muon neutrino plus muon antineutrino flux., Comment: 19 pages, 24 figures, added background simulation to distribution plots, clarified a few points in the text

Published
2010
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43. The first search for extremely-high energy cosmogenic neutrinos with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author

IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Böser, S., Botner, O., Bradley, L., Braun, J., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Clevermann, F., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Davis, J. C., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganugapati, R., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Imlay, R. L., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Knops, S., Köhne, J. -H., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lennarz, D., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Matusik, M., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miller, J., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Roucelle, C., Ruhe, T., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, D., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tosi, D., Turčan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wikström, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the results of the search for extremely-high energy (EHE) neutrinos with energies above $10^7$ GeV obtained with the partially ($\sim$30%) constructed IceCube in 2007. From the absence of signal events in the sample of 242.1 days of effective livetime, we derive a 90% C.L. model independent differential upper limit based on the number of signal events per energy decade at $E^2 \phi_{\nu_e+\nu_\mu+\nu_\tau}\simeq 1.4 \times 10^{-6}$ GeV cm$^{-2}$ sec$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ for neutrinos in the energy range from $3\times10^7$ to $3\times10^9$ GeV., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Published
2010
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44. IceCube Collaboration Contributions to the 2009 International Cosmic Ray Conference

Author

Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Bolmont, J., Botner, O., Bradley, L., Braun, J., Breder, D., Carson, M., Castermans, T., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Cohen, S., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., Day, C. T., De Clercq, C., Demiroers, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Di-az-Velez, J. C., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Edwards, W. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegard, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganugapati, R., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Gozzini, R., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Gross, A., Grullon, S., Gunasingha, R. M., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Hasegawa, Y., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hulss, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Imlay, R. L., Inaba, M., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Klein, S. R., Knops, S., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Koepke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Lauer, R., Lehmann, R., Lennarz, D., Lucke, A., Luenemann, J., Lundberg, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., McParland, C. P., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Meszaros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miyamoto, H., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Niessen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Patton, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Perez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Pohl, A. C., Porrata, R., Potthoff, N., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Roucelle, C., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, D., Schukraft, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoufer, M. C., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sulanke, K. -H., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terranova, C., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tooker, J., Tosi, D., Turcan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voigt, B., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wiedemann, A., Wikstrom, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., and Yoshida, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

IceCube Collaboration Contributions to the 2009 International Cosmic Ray Conference, Comment: Index file for IceCube contributions to the 2009 ICRC; corrected author list

Published
2010

45. Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube

Author

The IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Andeen, K., Auffenberg, J., Bai, X., Baker, M., Barwick, S. W., Bay, R., Alba, J. L. Bazo, Beattie, K., Beatty, J. J., Bechet, S., Becker, J. K., Becker, K. -H., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berdermann, J., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bertrand, D., Besson, D. Z., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Botner, O., Bradley, L., Braun, J., Buitink, S., Carson, M., Chirkin, D., Christy, B., Clem, J., Cohen, S., Colnard, C., Cowen, D. F., D'Agostino, M. V., Danninger, M., De Clercq, C., Demirörs, L., Depaepe, O., Descamps, F., Desiati, P., de Vries-Uiterweerd, G., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dreyer, J., Dumm, J. P., Duvoort, M. R., Ehrlich, R., Eisch, J., Ellsworth, R. W., Engdegård, O., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fadiran, O., Fazely, A. R., Feusels, T., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Foerster, M. M., Fox, B. D., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganugapati, R., Geisler, M., Gerhardt, L., Gladstone, L., Goldschmidt, A., Goodman, J. A., Grant, D., Griesel, T., Groß, A., Grullon, S., Gunasingha, R. M., Gurtner, M., Ha, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Han, K., Hanson, K., Hasegawa, Y., Haugen, J., Helbing, K., Herquet, P., Hickford, S., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Hubert, D., Huelsnitz, W., Hülß, J. -P., Hulth, P. O., Hultqvist, K., Hussain, S., Imlay, R. L., Inaba, M., Ishihara, A., Jacobsen, J., Japaridze, G. S., Johansson, H., Joseph, J. M., Kampert, K. -H., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemming, N., Kenny, P., Kiryluk, J., Kislat, F., Kitamura, N., Klein, S. R., Knops, S., Kohnen, G., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Kowarik, T., Krasberg, M., Krings, T., Kroll, G., Kuehn, K., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lafebre, S., Laihem, K., Landsman, H., Lauer, R., Laundrie, A., Lehmann, R., Lennarz, D., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Majumdar, P., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Matis, H. S., Matusik, M., Meagher, K., Merck, M., Mészáros, P., Meures, T., Middell, E., Milke, N., Miyamoto, H., Montaruli, T., Morse, R., Movit, S. M., Nahnhauer, R., Nam, J. W., Naumann, U., Nießen, P., Nygren, D. R., Odrowski, S., Olivas, A., Olivo, M., Ono, M., Panknin, S., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Petrovic, J., Piegsa, A., Pieloth, D., Pohl, A. C., Porrata, R., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Prikockis, M., Przybylski, G. T., Rawlins, K., Redl, P., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Ribordy, M., Rizzo, A., Robl, P., Rodrigues, J. P., Roth, P., Rothmaier, F., Rott, C., Roucelle, C., Rutledge, D., Ruzybayev, B., Ryckbosch, D., Sander, H. -G., Sandstrom, P., Sarkar, S., Schatto, K., Schlenstedt, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, D., Schukraft, A., Schultes, A., Schulz, O., Schunck, M., Seckel, D., Semburg, B., Seo, S. H., Sestayo, Y., Seunarine, S., Silvestri, A., Slipak, A., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stephens, G., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stoyanov, S., Strahler, E. A., Straszheim, T., Sullivan, G. W., Swillens, Q., Taboada, I., Tamburro, A., Tarasova, O., Tepe, A., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terranova, C., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tosi, D., Turcan, D., van Eijndhoven, N., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Overloop, A., van Santen, J., Voigt, B., Wahl, D., Walck, C., Waldenmaier, T., Wallraff, M., Walter, M., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whitehorn, N., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wikström, G., Williams, D. R., Wischnewski, R., Wissing, H., Woschnagg, K., Xu, C., Xu, X. W., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Over 5,000 PMTs are being deployed at the South Pole to compose the IceCube neutrino observatory. Many are placed deep in the ice to detect Cherenkov light emitted by the products of high-energy neutrino interactions, and others are frozen into tanks on the surface to detect particles from atmospheric cosmic ray showers. IceCube is using the 10-inch diameter R7081-02 made by Hamamatsu Photonics. This paper describes the laboratory characterization and calibration of these PMTs before deployment. PMTs were illuminated with pulses ranging from single photons to saturation level. Parameterizations are given for the single photoelectron charge spectrum and the saturation behavior. Time resolution, late pulses and afterpulses are characterized. Because the PMTs are relatively large, the cathode sensitivity uniformity was measured. The absolute photon detection efficiency was calibrated using Rayleigh-scattered photons from a nitrogen laser. Measured characteristics are discussed in the context of their relevance to IceCube event reconstruction and simulation efforts., Comment: 40 pages, 12 figures

Published
2010
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48. The good men do

Author

Osborne, Hubert, d. 1958, author. and Osborne, Hubert, d. 1958, author.

Published
2005

50. Search for relativistic magnetic monopoles with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope

Author

The IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Abu-Zayyad, T, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Andeen, K, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Bay, R, Bazo Alba, JL, Beattie, K, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker, JK, Becker, K-H, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berdermann, J, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Böser, S, Botner, O, Bradley, L, Braun, J, Buitink, S, Carson, M, Chirkin, D, Christy, B, Clem, J, Clevermann, F, Cohen, S, Colnard, C, Cowen, DF, D’Agostino, MV, Danninger, M, Davis, JC, De Clercq, C, Demirörs, L, Depaepe, O, Descamps, F, Desiati, P, de Vries-Uiterweerd, G, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dierckxsens, M, Dreyer, J, Dumm, JP, Duvoort, MR, Ehrlich, R, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Engdegård, O, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Foerster, MM, Fox, BD, Franckowiak, A, Franke, R, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Geisler, M, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Goodman, JA, Grant, D, Griesel, T, Groß, A, Grullon, S, Gurtner, M, Ha, C, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Han, K, Hanson, K, Helbing, K, Herquet, P, Hickford, S, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Homeier, A, Hoshina, K, and Hubert, D

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present the search for Cherenkov signatures from relativistic magnetic monopoles in data taken with the AMANDA-II detector, a neutrino telescope deployed in the Antarctic ice cap at the Geographic South Pole. The non-observation of a monopole signal in data collected during the year 2000 improves present experimental limits on the flux of relativistic magnetic monopoles: Our flux limit varies between 3.8 × 10-17 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at the vacuum speed of light) and 8.8 × 10-16 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at a speed β=v/c=0.76, just above the Cherenkov threshold in ice). These limits apply to monopoles that are energetic enough to penetrate the Earth and enter the detector from below the horizon. The limit obtained for monopoles reaching the detector from above the horizon is less stringent by roughly an order of magnitude, due to the much larger background from down-going atmospheric muons. This looser limit is however valid for a larger class of magnetic monopoles, since the monopoles are not required to pass through the Earth. © 2010 The Author(s).

Published
2010

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