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Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia, factores de riesgo e impacto en la calidad de vida de la incontinencia urinaria en mujeres mayores. Material y Métodos: Se trata de un estudio analítico observacional de corte transversal realizado en una población de mujeres mayores de 60 años. Se recolectaron variables sociodemográficas, ginecobstétricas, de estilo de vida, antecedentes clínicos y el cuestionario iciq-sf (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire). Resultados: Se incluyeron 96 mujeres en el estudio con una media de edad de 71 ±0.66 años. El 56.25% cursó con incontinencia urinaria. El 37.04% padecía incontinencia de urgencia, 33.33% incontinencia de esfuerzo, 16.67% incontinencia mixta y 13% no clasificable. Las variables que se asociaron con incontinencia urinaria fueron: el número de partos (p=0.027), haber tenido más de 3 hijos (p=0.032) y diabetes mellitus (p=0.028). La variedad de incontinencia que más se asoció con la afectación de la calidad de vida fue la de tipo mixto (p

Objective To analyze the association between newborn and maternal characteristics and the risk for cesarean section (CS) due to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) and non-CPD causes compared to vaginal deliveries (VD) in a sample of infants and mothers from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Methods The final sample consisted of 3453 single, live, and term infants born between January 2016 and May 2017 at the Maternal-Infant Hospital in Merida and their mothers (aged ≥19 years). The mode of delivery was established as the dependent variables: (a) VD, (b) CS due to CPD, and (c) non-CPD CS. Independent variables were maternal height and weight, the number of previous VD, newborn weight, and neonatal birthweight (BW) index/maternal height index. A multinomial regression model was used to analyze the association between newborn and maternal characteristics and outcome variable. Results By mode of delivery, 2124 (62%) births corresponded to VD, 1042 (30%) to non-CPDCS, and 287 (8%) to CS due to CPD. Mothers who had CS due to CPD weighed more at the end of their pregnancy and were shorter. Maternal age and weight increased the risk for having CS due to CPD compared to VD and maternal height, and the number of previous VD reduces the risk for experiencing CS due to CPD compared to vaginal births. The relative risk ratio for higher neonatal BW/maternal height index was significant for CS due to CPD and non-CPD CS. Conclusion According to our results from a public hospital in Merida, Mexico, CPD is a result of the interrelation of maternal and fetal size, rather than an independent result of maternal height or BW.

Los doctores Eduardo Antonio y Francisco Antonio Laviada Arrigunaga nacieron en la ciudad de Mérida, Yucatán, el 4 de octubre de 1921. Hijos de don Antonio Laviada Arana y doña Fausta Arrigunaga, curandera empírica a decir de sus hijos, cursaron la carrera de Medicina en la Universidad de Yucatán. Antes, jóvenes inquietos, fueron promotores del movimiento Scout en Yucatán. Fueron expulsados y luego readmitidos de la Universidad siendo preparatorianos, por defender públicamente sus convicciones, en una época de turbulencia política de México.

In Mexico, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and associated Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) have replaced infectious diseases as primary causes of morbidity and mortality. In less than four decades, T2D has become the foremost health problem of this middle income nation, affecting nearly one sixth of the adult population, more than 10 million people. Dyslipidemia is also problematic and widespread, with a national prevalence among the worlds highest. Contributing to these troubles, are alarming rates of weight disorders. Mexico now has one of the most overweight and obese populations in the world, where 66% of men and 72% of women over age 20 are overweight or obese. Additionally, Mexico has emerged as the country with the highest percentage of overweight and obese youth -26% of young children and 32% of teens. Among city children with weight disorders, hypertension has become more frequent, adding to the already high prevalence of hypertension in the country and contributing yet another dimension to an already complex problem with enormously detrimental clinical and economic consequences. These problems can be mitigated through lifestyle modifications that are vital components of comprehensive care for metabolic disorders and mandated in Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for T2D. Unfortunately, CPG can be complicated and often lack portability. Simplification and transculturalization can enhance applicability and implementation. The transcultural Diabetes Nutrition Algorithm (tDNA) programmatically addresses these needs and concerns through an evidence-based patient-algorithm template that is amenable to cultural adaptation. Food choices, dietary practices, physical activities, and healthcare practices in Mexico were considered for the Mexican adaptation. The resultant algorithm and its underlying recommendations are herein presented and explained.

We describe the methodology used to analyze multiple transcripts using microarray techniques in simultaneous biopsies of muscle, adipose tissue and lymphocytes obtained from the same individual as part of the standard protocol of the Genetics of Metabolic Diseases in Mexico: GEMM Family Study.We recruited 4 healthy male subjects with BM1 20-41, who signed an informed consent letter. Subjects participated in a clinical examination that included anthropometric and body composition measurements, muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) subcutaneous fat biopsies anda blood draw. All samples provided sufficient amplified RNA for microarray analysis. Total RNA was extracted from the biopsy samples and amplified for analysis.Of the 48,687 transcript targets queried, 39.4% were detectable in a least one of the studied tissues. Leptin was not detectable in lymphocytes, weakly expressed in muscle, but overexpressed and highly correlated with BMI in subcutaneous fat. Another example was GLUT4, which was detectable only in muscle and not correlated with BMI. Expression level concordance was 0.7 (p0.001) for the three tissues studied.We demonstrated the feasibility of carrying out simultaneous analysis of gene expression in multiple tissues, concordance of genetic expression in different tissues, and obtained confidence that this method corroborates the expected biological relationships among LEPand GLUT4. TheGEMM study will provide a broad and valuable overview on metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes.