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It is estimated that there are more than 200 steel piled platform installations in the North Sea which have reached the end of their life and have to be cut and removed. In comparison with other cutting methods, the shear tool cutting method offers the greatest potential regarding optimizing the time of the operation. However, the existing shear tool is susceptible to blade bending–related failures caused by heave motions of the heavy lift vessel to which the tool is attached. While there are many studies related to the operability and workability of sea surface structures, this study focuses on the operability and workability of an underwater structure, the shear tool system. In order to improve the performance of the existing shear tool, the new shear tool system has been designed as an equalizer with additional counter weights; thus, this system acts as a passive heave compensator. In total, six different design concepts have been assessed using a multicriteria sensitivity analysis, and the most promising concept has been selected. Afterwards, the performance of the new design was compared with the performance of the existing tool by calculating their operability and workability for the removal of the benchmark (Northern North Sea jacket) structure. The workability calculation was based on 15 years of environmental conditions and results indicate that the new design leads to 50% workability increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on extensive experiments on nonlinear wave groups that evolve in a hydrodynamic laboratory over long distances (200 m) from the generation of simple bichromatic waves. The deepwater experiments show large deformations of the wave group, with large increase of wave heights, depending on the value for the quotient of wave amplitude and frequency difference. The experimental results show little dissipation and reflections are virtually absent. A very efficient and accurate numerical code based on the full nonlinear surface wave equations, which has been developed for this purpose, reconstructs the experiments and enables one to investigate the evolution over much longer distances (reported here until 1,200 m) than in the laboratory.

Objective: To investigate the construct validity of the Steep Ramp Test (SRT) by longitudinally comparing the correlation between maximum short exercise capacity of the SRT and direct measurements of peak oxygen consumption (Vo 2 peak) during or shortly after treatment in patients with breast cancer and the potential effect of chemotherapy-induced symptom burden., Design: Cross-sectional., Setting: Multicenter., Participants: We used data from 2 studies that included women with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy, resulting in 274 observations. A total of 161 patients (N=161) performed the cardiopulmonary exercise test and the SRT in 2 test sessions on different time points around chemotherapy treatment., Interventions: Not applicable., Main Outcome Measures: Fatigue was assessed with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and nausea and vomiting and pain by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30. The longitudinal correlation between the maximum short exercise capacity and Vo 2 peak was investigated using a linear mixed model. Interaction terms were added to the model to investigate whether the correlation varied by symptom burden., Results: We found a statistically significant moderate correlation between Vo 2 peak and maximum short exercise capacity (0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.70; P<.01) over time. This correlation was slightly attenuated (-0.07; 95% confidence interval, -0.13 to 0.00; P=.04) in patients with chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting, indicating smaller correlations of Vo 2 peak with the maximum short exercise capacity with increasing symptom burden. Pain and fatigue did not significantly modify the correlation., Conclusions: The SRT can only be used as a proxy for changes in aerobic capacity with great caution and with attention for the level of nausea and vomiting., (Copyright © 2022 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Drawing on 18 months of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork, this paper brings into dialogue empirical material from young, highly educated Portuguese migrants in London, theoretical work on desire in migration studies and sociological approaches to theorising aspirations. The paper argues that young migrants' narratives of migration shed important light on the working of aspirations in the processes of becoming through migration. Such orientations towards the future are shaped by young migrants' engagements with doxic and habituated logics producing aspirations. The analytical lens of desire illuminates the role of discursive self-positioning, emotions, and the embodiment of lived experiences of migration in the enacting of particular migrant subjectivities and associated aspirations. In a context in which competing discourses of generation constitute important registers of meaning about migration and aspirations, mobilising generation discourses is a key temporal practice in young migrants' constructions of narratives of migration., (© European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI) 2020.)

In this editorial introduction to the Special Issue Youth, Aspirations and the Life Course: Development and the social production of aspirations in young people's lives, we put the work presented in this collection in conversation with the wider literature on development, youth and aspirations. Aspiration we define as an orientation towards a desired future. We elaborate on our conceptualisation of aspirations as socially produced and reflect on the methodological challenges in researching young people's aspirations in development. While mindful of the various critiques of aspiration research we argue that aspirations constitute fertile terrain for theorising the temporal dynamics of being young and growing up in contexts of development., (© The Author(s) 2020.)

Purpose: Exercise therapy is an effective intervention in a variety of chronic diseases. The prescription of exercise therapy is usually directed toward an index disease. The presence of comorbidity may require adaptations to the exercise program as intended for the index disease. This paper aims to structure the clinical reasoning process of health professionals when prescribing exercise therapy for the individual patient with an index disease and comorbidity. Methods: We adapted the previously published strategy for developing guidelines and protocols on comorbidity-adapted exercise to a version that can be used for individual exercise prescription. Results: Essential steps and considerations involved in prescribing an exercise program to an individual patient with comorbidity are described. A case description is used as an example of how the proposed strategy leads to clinical decisions. Conclusions: The proposed strategy may have a role in educational and professional development. The advanced clinical expertise needed for safe and effective exercise therapy in patients with a complex health status is emphasized.Implications for RehabilitationThe presence of comorbidity may require adaptations to exercise therapy.We describe the essential steps and considerations involved in prescribing an exercise program to an individual patient with an index disease and comorbidity.The proposed strategy can be used to structure the clinical reasoning process of health professionals.

Introduction: A home-based, low-intensity physical activity program (Onco-Move) and a supervised, moderate-to-high intensity, combined resistance and aerobic exercise program (OnTrack) have proven to be effective in maintaining physical fitness and reducing fatigue among breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. This study evaluated the cost-utility and cost-effectiveness of Onco-Move and OnTrack., Methods: A total of 230 patients were randomized to Onco-Move, OnTrack, or usual care (UC). Health outcomes included quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), general and physical fatigue, and physical fitness measured at baseline, end of chemotherapy, and 6-month follow-up. Societal costs included professional and informal health care, work absenteeism, and unpaid productivity costs. Cost data were based on 3-monthly questionnaires, supplemented by medication data obtained from pharmacies., Results: Onco-Move is not likely to be cost-effective due to the relatively high willingness-to-pay necessary to reach reasonable probabilities of cost-effectiveness (QALY, general and physical fatigue). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for OnTrack compared to UC were €26,916/QALY, €788/1-point decrease in general fatigue and €1402/1-point decrease in physical fatigue. The probability of OnTrack being cost-effective ranged from 31% at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) of €0-79% at a WTP of €80,000/QALY, 97% at a WTP of €15,000/1-point decrease in general fatigue, and 86% at a WTP of €24,000/1-point decrease in physical fatigue. Both interventions had a low probability of being cost-effective for physical fitness. The probability of cost-effectiveness for both interventions was greater among compliant participants., Conclusions: Onco-Move is not likely to be cost-effective. Depending on the decision-makers' willingness-to-pay, OnTrack could be considered cost-effective in comparison with UC. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number of the Netherlands Trial Register-NTR2159.

Based on fieldwork material from Lao People's Democratic Republic, this paper introduces an analytical framework that transcends compartmentalized approaches towards migration involving young people. The notions of fluid and institutionalized forms of migration illuminate key differences and commonalities in the relational fabric underpinning empirically diverse migration scenarios. Applying this framework to the role of networks in becoming a young migrant, this chapter sheds light on young migrants' differential scope for exercising agency. This redirects concerns about young migrants away from descriptive and static factors towards their relational position in the process of migration, which shapes their agency and vulnerability., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.)