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Objective: Neuroinflammation is a major etiology of cognitive dysfunction due to sepsis. Maresin1 (MaR1), identified as a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived metabolite from macrophages, has been demonstrated to exhibit potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, detailed functions and molecular mechanism of MaR1 in sepsis-induced cognitive dysfunction has not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate potential neuroprotective effects of MaR1 on microglia-induced neuroinflammation in sepsis-induced cognitive impairment and to explore its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Methods: Different doses of MaR1 were administered to septic rats by via tail vein injection. The optimal dose was determined based on the 7-day survival rate of rats from each group. derived from macrophages with both anti-inflammatory to observe the ameliorative effects of MaR1 at optimal doses on cognitive dysfunction in septic rats. The effects of MaR1 on neuroinflammation-mediated microglial activation, neuronal apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory cytokine productions were in vivo and in vitro assayed, using Western blot, ELISA, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, and the immunofluorescence method. To further elucidate anti-inflammatory machinery of MaR1, protein expressions of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and TLR4-NF-κB pathway-related proteins were subjected to Western blot assay. Results: After tail vein injection of MaR1 with different doses (2 ng/g, 4 ng/g, 8 ng/g), the results showed that 4 ng/g MaR1 treatment significantly increased the rats’ 7-day survival rate compared to the CLP controls. Therefore, subsequent experiments set 4 ng/g MaR1 as the optimal dose. Morris water maze experiments confirmed that MaR1 significantly reduced space memory dysfunction in rats. In addition, in CLP rats and LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia, MaR1 significantly reduced activated microglia and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and neuronal apoptosis. Mechanically, MaR1 inhibits microglia-induced neuroinflammation through suppressing activations of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and TLR4-NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggested that MaR1 might be a prospective neuroprotective compound for prevention and treatment in the sepsis process.

ACAN heterozygous mutations can cause short stature in patients with or without advanced bone age and have recently attracted researchers' attention. Growth hormone can be used to treat short stature induced by ACAN mutations; however, few studies have focused on the underlying mechanism of this treatment.Four patients with new mutations were reported based on clinical data and genetic tests. We investigated the expression and Gene Ontology biological process enrichment of ACAN and GH pathways based on GTEx databases through bioinformatics analyses. The effect of ACAN on the growth hormone response evaluated in ATDC5 cells with a growth hormone stimulation test.Four mutations were reported in this study: c.619C A, c.1967A G, c.1888G A, and c.1308_1309del. All patients' heights were under -2.5 SD, with one had advanced bone age, and two had GH deficiency. Two individuals received growth hormone therapy acquired variable levels of height SD score improvement. ACAN and the GH pathway were strongly associated; ACAN does not affect GHR but regulates the response to GH. Downregulating ACAN inhibited ATDC5 cell proliferation induced by GH.ACAN is associated with the GH pathway, revealing the potential mechanism underlying GH-targeted treatment for ACAN mutation-induced short stature. GH-promoting therapies may increase patients' heights.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication in pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism and effects of long-noncoding RNA maternally expressed 8 (lncRNA-MEG8) in GDM.Targeted interactions involving lncRNA-MEG8 and miR-296-3p were initially predicted using starBase software and then confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis. The expression levels of lncRNA-MEG8 and miR-296-3p in peripheral blood samples from patients with GDM were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the overall levels of insulin and insulin secretion. Additionally, MTT and flow cytometric methods were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis. Cell apoptosis-associated proteins were determined by western blotting.Our results indicated that lncRNA-MEG8 is a potential target of miR-296-3p. lncRNA-MEG8 level was higher, whereas that of miR-296-3p was lower in patients with GDM than in healthy individuals. LncRNA-MEG8-siRNA promoted insulin content and secretion. Furthermore, MEG8-siRNA increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis. However, these changes were reversed by an miR-296-3p inhibitor. Moreover, a miR-296-3p mimic had the same effect on INS-1 cells as MEG8-siRNA, as evidenced by enhanced insulin secretion, cell viability, and reduced apoptosis.LncRNA-MEG8-siRNA promotes pancreatic β-cell function by upregulating miR-296-3p.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of death in sepsis patients. The Six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) is a key regulator of inflammation, while its role in septic ALI remains unclear.Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to cecal ligation puncture (CLP) to induce experimental sepsis whereas lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were used as the models of septic ALI in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Overexpression of STAMP2 in mouse lungs and RAW264.7 cells was performed with an adenoviral vector. We measured histological lung injury, lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, and pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity to assess lung injury extent. Cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using Giemsa staining. The concentration of inflammatory factors was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The polarization of macrophages was evaluated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and F4/80 staining. The activation of cell apoptosis and NF-κB pathway was evaluated using Western blot, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry.Overexpression of STAMP2 alleviated CLP-induced lung injury of mice with decreased W/D ratio of the lung, and MPO activity in lung tissue. STAMP2 overexpression reduced the lung infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the levels of TNF-a, IL-6, and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in BALF. Overexpressed STAMP2 inhibited macrophage M1 polarization in lung tissues as indicated by F4/80 and iNOS stainings in lung tissue. STAMP2 overexpression inhibited RAW 264.7 cell apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax and cleaved-caspase 3 expression. Besides, STAMP2 overexpression suppressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 pathway activation, as evidenced by reduced phosphorylation of IκBα, and phosphorylation and translocation of NF-κB p65. In vitro study further proved that STAMP2 overexpression suppressed the NF-κB pathway (IκBα/p65) in macrophages and decreased macrophage M1 polarization and M1-associated inflammatory factor production (TNF-a, IL-6, and MCP-1).Our study for the first time demonstrated that STAMP2 might be able to reduce inflammation in sepsis-induced ALI by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization through repressing NF-κB signaling activation.

Nanofiber membranes via electrospinning with layered structures are frequently used for oil/water separation, thanks to their unique properties. However, challenges that involve nanofibrous membranes still remain, such as high energy consumption and unfavorable transport properties because of the densely compact structure. In this study, superelastic and robust nanofiber-based aerogels (NFAs) with a three-dimensional (3D) structure as well as tunable porosity were prepared using polyimide (PI) nanofibers via a freeze-drying process followed by the solvent-vapor treatment. The porous NFAs were further modified using trichloromethylsilane (TCMS) to generate silicone nanofilaments (SiNFs) on the surface of the PI nanofibers, which could enhance the hydrophobicity (water contact angle 151.7°) of the NFAs. The corresponding superhydrophobic NFAs exhibited ultralow density ( 99.0%), and rapid recovery under 80% compression strain. SiNFs-coated NFAs (SiNFs/NFAs) could also collect a wide range of oily solvents with high absorption capacities up to 159 times to their own weight. Moreover, surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions could also be efficiently separated (up to 100%) under the driving force of gravity, making it a promising energy-efficient technology. Additionally, SiNFs/NFAs maintained high separation efficiency throughout five separation-recovery cycles, indicating the potential of SiNFs/NFAs in the field of oil/water separation, sewage treatment, as well as oily fume purification.

In contemporary therapeutics, the drugs fabricated chemically were proved to cause adverse effects such as swelling, itching, allergic reactions and rashes. Since few decades, application of metal nanoparticles was widely seen in the field of medicine because of their wound healing and antimicrobial properties. In this work, leaf extract of Ampelopsis grossedentata (A. grossedentata) plant was used as a bio-reducing agent for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) from HAuCl4. Characterization of the NPs was done by using techniques such as fourier transform- infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The fabricated NPs were found to be 30–50 nm in size and spherically shaped. Fabrics of cotton dress saturated with synthesized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and compared with fabrics of cotton applied with a commercially available ointment (silver sulfadiazine) and were investigated for a period of 18 days for assessing their capability of rapid wound healing in burn wounds of rats. Noticeable difference in body weight of rat was not seen in case of treatment with NPs, when compared to the rats of normal group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of cotton fabrics confirmed the Au NPs distribution onto the cotton fabric. Additionally, it was found that the efficacy of wound healing in dressing applied with the commercial ointment was a bit low when compared with the dressing of 100 μg/kg b.w. of Au NPs. Furthermore, the area of wound contraction was found to be higher than the group treated with 100 μg/kg b.w. of AuNPs, which implies the relatively finer quality of Au NPs ointments by looking into their properties of healing the burn wounds. All these results concluded the utilization of AuNPs based ointments for abdominal wound healing in nursing care.

Parenting is known to impact children's executive function (EF) skills. However, nearly all the evidence comes from analyses of mother-child interaction. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care Database in Taiwan, the relations between both mother-child and father-child interaction and 3-year-olds' EF were investigated in 2,164 families. The results showed that mothers interacted with their children differently from fathers in terms of time distribution. Mothers were more equally involved in all aspects of parental involvement, whereas fathers spent more time in play. In addition, both mother-child and father-child play contributed to children's EF; however, the mediating effect of child motor skills was more prominent for father-child play. This study not only suggests a potential distinct and complementary role of fathers in young children's EF development but also indicates a unique mediating effect of motor skills in the path from parent-child play to child EF. Implications for parent education are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose The use of growth hormone in children with idiopathic short stature is still controversial. We aimed to assess the benefits and downsides of growth hormone in these children at a psychological level. Methods The children and adolescents with short stature were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. They were divided into two groups: the growth hormone deficit group(GHD-G), and the idiopathic short stature group(ISS-G). The Symptom Checklist-90 scale (SCL-90) was used to evaluate the psychological situation. Results The results showed that the average score of GHD-G was lower than that of ISS-G, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the higher the growth hormone stimulation peak(GHSP), the higher the score of the SCL-90(β = 0.027, 95%CI = 0.007 to 0.047, P value = 0.00962). The results didn’t change after adjusting the factors like age, sex, and laboratory testing( β = 0.023, 95%CI = 0.003 to 0.043, P value = 0.02652). Further, when LH was more than 0.2U/L, the score of the SCL increased as the GHSP increased (β = 0.0566,95%CI = 0.0295 to 0.0837, P value = 0.0001); But when LH was less than 0.2U/L, there was not a clear relationship has been found(β=-0.0022,95%CI=-0.0268 to 0.0225, P value = 0.8631). Conclusions There is no evident detrimental effect of growth hormone deficit on mental health in children with short stature. Instead, increasing GHSP may hurt mental health, particularly in children before puberty. Children with idiopathic short stature who have limited height improvement following growth hormone treatment should carefully consider whether to continue using the hormone.

This study examined the interconnections among preschool teachers’ self-efficacy, classroom process quality and children’s social skill development based on a randomly selected sample of 5628 preschool children in a Chinese preschool context. Given the nested data structure, multilevel mediation modeling was utilized to investigate whether teachers’ self-efficacy, specifically teachers’ self-efficacy for instructional strategies (EIS), classroom management (ECM) and student engagement (ESE), exerted indirect effects on children’s social skills through the mediation of classroom process quality measured by Pianta, Hamre and LaParo’s (2008) Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) in three domains—emotional support (ES), classroom organization (CO) and instructional support (IS). Findings showed that CO is the only robust mediating mechanism between teachers’ self-efficacy and children’s social skills, indicating the importance of teachers’ CO in developing Chinese children’s social skills. Specifically, teachers’ CO acts as a positive mediator between teachers’ ECM and children’s social skills, but a negative mediator between teachers’ ESE and children’s social skills. This interesting negative mediation of teachers’ CO between teachers’ ESE and children’s social skills offers insights into Chinese preschool classroom dynamics and child development. Findings and their implications are discussed in light of Chinese sociocultural features.

The lithium metal anode has been treated as the most promising alternative in next-generation lithium-based batteries due to its ultra-high theoretical capacity, low potential and light weight. However, significant challenges such as dendrite growth and poor lifetime have severely hindered the commercialization process of lithium metal anodes. The separator not only functions as the first signal of lithium dendrite formation, but also the last barrier to prevent the battery from short-circuit, playing an irreplaceable role in lithium metal batteries. Traditional polyolefin separators have shortcomings such as poor thermal stability and poor wettability. Therefore, separator engineering is of great significance for suppressing lithium dendrite growth. In this review, we classified the recent progress of separator engineering in lithium metal batteries into four parts: (1) optimizing the performance of polyolefin membranes; (2) controlling the dendrite growth direction; (3) developing a novel separator material; (4) introducing a functional multilayer membrane. To obtain direct evidence of dendrite suppression by separator engineering, new technical means for certifying lithium deposition behaviors have also been reviewed. Finally, our conclusion and perspectives on the future research and development of lithium metal batteries are also briefly outlined.

Using a longitudinal sample of 508 Chinese preschool children, this study examined how family socioeconomic status (SES) was related to preschool children's social skills development through family processes using multilevel latent growth curve modeling. After controlling for the effects of personal characteristics, a significant indirect effect of family SES on initial levels of children's social skills and growth was observed and mediated through maternal depressive symptoms, marital relationships, and parenting practices. Maternal depressive symptoms from family SES was linked to poorer marital relationships and parenting practices, which were linked to children's social skills. Authoritative parenting was related to increased growth in children's social skills. In addition, authoritative parenting mediated the effects of marital relationship quality on both initial levels and growth in social skills. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

This study investigated the association between parents’ perceptions of home-school partnership and parental satisfaction with preschool services using data collected from 532 preschoolers’ parents in Guangdong Province, China. We explored the moderating role of parents’ childrearing beliefs as an important factor exerting influence on parental satisfaction with preschools. The hierarchical linear regression results revealed that home-school partnership positively predicted parental satisfaction with preschool services in four subscales: Views about administration, Quality of learning environments, Teacher qualifications, and Child-appropriate learning. In particular, parents’ progressive childrearing beliefs exerted a positive moderating role on the relationship between high-level home-school partnership and parental satisfaction with administration and environment quality of preschools. Moreover, childrearing beliefs also exerted a positive moderating role on the relationship between low-level home-school partnership and parental satisfaction; parents with authoritarian childrearing beliefs tended to be more satisfied with preschool teacher qualifications. Findings are discussed in light of previous literature and the Chinese sociocultural context, followed by recommendations for improving preschool services.

A new mathematical model based on real surface morphology is derived to accurately predict the void closure time, bonding ratio and void distribution state in diffusion bonding process, which considers short-wavelength asperities distributing on long-wavelength ones. The wavelength of long-wavelength asperities plays a key role in calculating the contribution of grain boundary diffusion mechanism. New formulas are built to calculate the transferred mass induced by surface source mechanism. The contributions of main mechanisms to void closure can be accurately predicted by using the proposed model. It is verified with a case containing long- and short-wavelength asperities and two cases consisting of the surface asperities with the same height and wavelength. The predicted void size and distribution state are consistent with experimental results in case one. The maximum and standard deviations between prediction and experiment are 3.2 % and 1.0 % for case two, 13.5 % and 7.3 % for case three, respectively. The present model shows a higher prediction accuracy than previous ones.

Organized extracurricular activities (EAs) are prevalent among Chinese preschoolers, yet their role in children's development is poorly understood. This study investigated the relations between EA participation and Chinese preschoolers' school readiness (N = 343; Mage = 55.14 months) among a predominantly middle-class sample. EA breadth had positive linear relations with children's early math and social skills, while attendance intensity demonstrated nonlinear associations, partially supporting the overscheduling hypothesis. EA breadth had stronger associations with early reading and math skills among lower socioeconomic status children, as well as greater benefits for math skills in children with less exposure to home learning activities, indicating a compensatory role of EAs. The findings highlight the interplay between EA and family contexts in relation to child development.

The etiology and disease processes of viral myocarditis remain elusive. However, it is unknown whether early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and Target Egr-1 (TOE1) play a role in viral myocarditis. CVB3 infection was used to induce a mouse model of myocarditis, and cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes were exposed to CVB3 to establish a cell model of VMC. RT-qPCR was used to determine mRNA expression levels of Egr-1, TOE1, P53, P21, and CVB3. Western blot analysis was employed to determine protein expression levels of Egr-1, TOE1, BAX, and BCL-2, and HE staining was utilized to observe pathological changes of myocardial inflammation. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis levels in cardiomyocytes. In vivo results revealed that mRNA and protein expression levels of Egr-1 and TOE1 in myocardial tissues increased with prolonged CVB3 infection, BAX expression levels were upregulated, and BCL-2 expression levels were down-regulated. Moreover, in vitro findings demonstrated that 100nM Egr-1 siRNA and 100nM TOE1 siRNA could separately inhibit Egr-1 and TOE1 mRNA expression. The down-regulation of Egr-1 or TOE1 down-regulated P53, P21, and CVB3 mRNA expression in CVB3-infected myocardial cells decreased apoptotic protein BAX expression and increased anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 expression. TUNEL assay revealed that Egr-1 or TOE1 gene down-regulation reduced CVB3 infection-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. This study demonstrated that down-regulation of Egr-1 and TOE1 genes could inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis triggered by CVB3 virus infection and reduce CVB3 virus amplification, thus exerting a protective effect on myocardium.

Extensive user check-in data incorporating user preferences for location is collected through Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including cell phones and other sensing devices in location-based social network. It can help traveling enterprises intelligently predict users’ interests and preferences, provide them with scientific tourism paths, and increase the enterprises income. Thus, successive point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become a hot research topic in augmented Intelligence of Things (AIoT). Presently, various methods have been applied to successive POI recommendations. Among them, the recurrent neural network-based approaches are committed to mining the sequence relationship between POIs, but ignore the high-order relationship between users and POIs. The graph neural network-based methods can capture the high-order connectivity, but it does not take the dynamic timeliness of POIs into account. Therefore, we propose an I nteraction-enhanced and T ime-aware G raph C onvolution N etwork (ITGCN) for successive POI recommendation. Specifically, we design an improved graph convolution network for learning the dynamic representation of users and POIs. We also designed a self-attention aggregator to embed high-order connectivity into the node representation selectively. The enterprise management systems can predict the preferences of users, which is helpful for future planning and development. Finally, experimental results prove that ITGCN brings better results compared to the existing methods.

To explore the genetic basis for a juvenile with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 12(MODY12).High-throughput sequencing was carried out to screen for the variants. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. Pathogenity of the variant was predicted by searching the genetic databases and analysis by using bioinformatic software.Genetic testing indicated that the patient and his mother have both carried a heterozygous c.3976GA variant (p.Glu1326Lys) in exon 32 of the ABCC8 gene. Prediction of the protein structure suggested the variant to be deleterious. Based on the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was predicted to be uncertain significance.Whether the c.3976GA variant of the ABCC8 gene is the cause of the disease in this patient or not depends on the functional studies and more case data. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of ABCC8 gene variants.

SMYD2, as an oncogene, has been involved in multiple types of cancer, but the potential role of SMYD2 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) remains enigmatic and requires further investigation. Hence, this study was conducted with the main objective of analyzing the effect of SMYD2 on GIST. GIST and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 46 patients with GIST where the expression of EZH2, SMYD2, and TET1 was determined, followed by the analysis of their interactions. The functional role of SMYD2 in cell biological functions was determined using a loss-of-function assay in GIST-T1 cells. Nude mouse xenograft experiments were performed to verify the role of the SMYD2/EZH2/TET1 axis in GIST in vivo. EZH2 was upregulated in GIST tissues and cell lines, which was positively correlated with SMYD2 expression and inversely correlated with TET1 expression in GIST tissues. EZH2 silencing due to SMYD2 inhibition reduced GIST-T1 cell proliferation and accelerated cell senescence. EZH2 repressed TET1 expression by promoting H3K27me3 methylation in the TET1 promoter region. TET1 inhibition reversed the effect of EZH2 silencing on the biological functions of GIST-T1 cells. In vivo data further revealed the promoting effect of SMYD2 on the progression of GIST by regulating the EZH2/TET1 axis. Overall, this study demonstrates that SMYD2 can increase EZH2 expression while suppressing TET1 expression, thus accelerating GIST, and creating new treatment opportunities for GIST.

We examined early trajectories for academic and social skills among four groups of rural, preschool-attending, children in the Guangdong province of China: Village children (N = 176) who remained in a rural village and lived with both parents, Migrant children (N = 79) who migrated with their work-seeking parents to live in an urban area, Partially-left-behind children (N = 63) who lived with one parent in a rural village while the other parent migrated to the city for work, and Completely-left-behind children (N = 57) who stayed in a rural village with relatives while both parents migrated to the city for work. Children (n = 375) were individually assessed for social skills, vocabulary, executive functioning, Chinese character reading, and math at four time points over their last two years before formal schooling. For all academic outcomes at exit of preschool, completely-left-behind children showed the lowest performance compared to other groups. Children who remained at home with their parents did better than completely-leftbehind children on all outcomes at the final time point except for vocabulary. Migrant children generally performed better than other groups. Partially-left-behind children showed strong growth and final performance in executive functioning compared to other groups. In sum, while migration to the city appears to be associated with enhanced early academic learning for rural children, completely-left-behind children appeared to be at greatest risk. Results are interpreted in terms of current policies in China aimed at improving early childhood services in rural areas.

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a novel isothermal DNA amplification approach that has been used to detect a variety of animal and plant pathogens. However, the RPA assay is rarely used for the molecular diagnosis of plant parasitic nematodes. In this study, we developed RPA assays for the detection of four Meloidogyne spp.; Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. enterolobii. The RPA amplification step could be completed at 38 °C in 20 min without a thermal cycling instrument. The RPA assays were able to distinguish these four Meloidogyne spp. from closely related Meloidogyne species and other plant parasitic nematodes. The detection limits of the RPA assays were 10−2, 10−2, 10−1, and 10−1 dilutions of DNA from a single J2 nematode of M. incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. enterolobii, which were less sensitive than polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection methods. In addition, the RPA assays could detect these four Meloidogyne spp. directly from infested tomato roots. The simplicity, rapidity and practicability all indicated that the RPA assay will be an effective tool for molecular diagnosis of plant parasitic nematodes.

The Bayesian information criterion (BIC) has been used sometimes in SEM, even adopting a frequentist approach. Using simple mediation and moderation models as examples, we form posterior probability distribution via using BIC, which we call the BIC posterior, to assess model selection uncertainty of a finite number of models. This is simple but rarely used. The posterior probability distribution can be used to form a credibility set of models and to incorporate prior probabilities for model comparisons and selections. This was validated by a large scale simulation and results showed that the approximation via the BIC posterior is very good except when both the sample sizes and magnitude of parameters are small. We applied the BIC posterior to a real data set, and it has the advantages of flexibility in incorporating prior, addressing overfitting problems, and giving a full picture of posterior distribution to assess model selection uncertainty.

Antibiotics abuse and the emergence of massive drug-resistant bacteria have become the major obstacles in the medical system. Thus, designing an antibiotic-free wound dressing with antibacterial activity and decent biocompatibility is urgently desired. Herein, the sandwich-like composite hydrogel wound dressings were developed by intercalating nonwoven fabrics (NF) as the middle layer, gelatin and chitosan (Gel-CS) hydrogel loaded with Centella asiatica (CA) as the base materials. In addition, soaking strategy was employed to improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels. The hydrogels exhibited uniform microporous structure, stable mechanical property, high water absorbency, as well as water vapor transmission rate. After loading with CA, the composite wound dressing showed the sustained drug release properties in vitro and excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The cytotoxicity results demonstrated that the composite hydrogels had good biocompatibility. This work indicates that the nonwoven composite hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of medical care in the future.

Prenatal exposure to outdoor air pollution have been associated with birth outcomes. However, there is limited evidence on the adverse effects of household indoor air pollution worldwide, much less in rural areas of China. This study aimed to explore the associations of household environmental factors (primary cooking fuel, housing renovation, and home ventilation) with four adverse birth outcomes (preterm birth (PTB), small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and term low birth weight (T-LBW)). We conducted a cohort study involving 10,324 pregnancies in women who delivered a live-born infant from 2015 to 2018 in Guangxi, China. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with control for reproductive history, lifestyle, home environmental confounders, and other potential confounders. A total of 5.4% of the infants were PTB, 10.7% were SGA, 5.5% had LBW, and 3.0% had T-LBW. Household-use induction cookers as the primary cooking fuel during pregnancy was associated with SGA (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07-1.60), LBW (1.41, 1.09-1.82), and T-LBW(1.62, 1.16-2.26), as compared with household-use gas as the primary cooking fuel. Housing renovation within one year before pregnancy was associated with PTB (1.45, 1.06-1.98) and LBW (1.56, 1.17-2.09), while housing renovation during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of SGA only in moderate home ventilation conditions (3.74, 1.69-8.28). Our findings suggested that household-use induction cookers as the primary cooking fuel increased the risks of SGA, LBW, and T-LBW. In addition, housing renovation within one year before pregnancy increased the risks of PTB and LBW. Proper home ventilation may reduce the effect on the association between housing renovation during pregnancy and SGA.

In recent years, the development and research of flexible sensors have gradually deepened, and the performance of wearable, flexible devices for monitoring body temperature has also improved. For the human body, body temperature changes reflect much information about human health, and abnormal body temperature changes usually indicate poor health. Although body temperature is independent of the environment, the body surface temperature is easily affected by the surrounding environment, bringing challenges to body temperature monitoring equipment. To achieve real-time and sensitive detection of various parts temperature of the human body, researchers have developed many different types of high-sensitivity flexible temperature sensors, perfecting the function of electronic skin, and also proposed many practical applications. This article reviews the current research status of highly sensitive patterned flexible temperature sensors used to monitor body temperature changes. First, commonly used substrates and active materials for flexible temperature sensors have been summarized. Second, patterned fabricating methods and processes of flexible temperature sensors are introduced. Then, flexible temperature sensing performance are comprehensively discussed, including temperature measurement range, sensitivity, response time, temperature resolution. Finally, the application of flexible temperature sensors based on highly delicate patterning are demonstrated, and the future challenges of flexible temperature sensors have prospected.