1,847 results on '"Hung, Hung"'
Search Results
2. On the asymptotic properties of product-PCA under the high-dimensional setting
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Hung, Hung, Yeh, Chin-Chun, and Huang, Su-Yun
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Mathematics - Statistics Theory - Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction method, but its performance is known to be non-robust to outliers. Recently, product-PCA (PPCA) has been shown to possess the efficiency-loss free ordering-robustness property: (i) in the absence of outliers, PPCA and PCA share the same asymptotic distributions; (ii), in the presence of outliers, PPCA is more ordering-robust than PCA in estimating the leading eigenspace. PPCA is thus different from the conventional robust PCA methods, and may deserve further investigations. In this article, we study the high-dimensional statistical properties of the PPCA eigenvalues via the techniques of random matrix theory. In particular, we derive the critical value for being distant spiked eigenvalues, the limiting values of the sample spiked eigenvalues, and the limiting spectral distribution of PPCA. Similar to the case of PCA, the explicit forms of the asymptotic properties of PPCA become available under the special case of the simple spiked model. These results enable us to more clearly understand the superiorities of PPCA in comparison with PCA. Numerical studies are conducted to verify our results., Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
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- 2024
3. One World, One Dream
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Hung, Hung, Yeh, Michelle, and Stewart, Frank
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- 2022
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4. Homemade Bomb
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Hung, Hung, Yeh, Michelle, and Stewart, Frank
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- 2022
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5. Eternal June 4th
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Hung, Hung, Di, Ming, and Stewart, Frank
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- 2020
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6. Novel study on inverse convection–conduction heat transfer for plate-finned tube heat exchanger
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Chen, Han-Taw, Hsu, Li-Yuan, Yan, Wei-Mon, Rashidi, Saman, and Hung, Hung-Hsiu
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- 2024
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7. Metformin and statins reduce hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis C patients with failed antiviral therapy
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Pei-Chien Tsai, Chung-Feng Huang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Chao-Hung Hung, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Hsueh-Chou Lai, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Jing-Houng Wang, Jyh-Jou Chen, Pei-Lun Lee, Rong-Nan Chien, Chi-Chieh Yang, Gin-Ho Lo, Jia-Horng Kao, Chun-Jen Liu, Chen-Hua Liu, Sheng-Lei Yan, Chun-Yen Lin, Wei-Wen Su, Cheng-Hsin Chu, Chih-Jen Chen, Shui-Yi Tung, Chi‐Ming Tai, Chih-Wen Lin, Ching-Chu Lo, Pin-Nan Cheng, Yen-Cheng Chiu, Chia-Chi Wang, Jin-Shiung Cheng, Wei-Lun Tsai, Han-Chieh Lin, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Chi-Yi Chen, Jee-Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Wan-Long Chung, Ming-Jong Bair, Ming-Lung Yu, and T-COACH Study Group
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hepatitis c ,hepacivirus ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,metformin ,statins ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background/Aims Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who failed antiviral therapy are at increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study assessed the potential role of metformin and statins, medications for diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperlipidemia (HLP), in reducing HCC risk among these patients. Methods We included CHC patients from the T-COACH study who failed antiviral therapy. We tracked the onset of HCC 1.5 years post-therapy by linking to Taiwan’s cancer registry data from 2003 to 2019. We accounted for death and liver transplantation as competing risks and employed Gray’s cumulative incidence and Cox subdistribution hazards models to analyze HCC development. Results Out of 2,779 patients, 480 (17.3%) developed HCC post-therapy. DM patients not using metformin had a 51% increased risk of HCC compared to non-DM patients, while HLP patients on statins had a 50% reduced risk compared to those without HLP. The 5-year HCC incidence was significantly higher for metformin non-users (16.5%) versus non-DM patients (11.3%; adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio [aSHR]=1.51; P=0.007) and metformin users (3.1%; aSHR=1.59; P=0.022). Statin use in HLP patients correlated with a lower HCC risk (3.8%) compared to non-HLP patients (12.5%; aSHR=0.50; P
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- 2024
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8. On the efficiency-loss free ordering-robustness of product-PCA
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Hung, Hung and Huang, Su-Yun
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Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
This article studies the robustness of the eigenvalue ordering, an important issue when estimating the leading eigen-subspace by principal component analysis (PCA). In Yata and Aoshima (2010), cross-data-matrix PCA (CDM-PCA) was proposed and shown to have smaller bias than PCA in estimating eigenvalues. While CDM-PCA has the potential to achieve better estimation of the leading eigen-subspace than the usual PCA, its robustness is not well recognized. In this article, we first develop a more stable variant of CDM-PCA, which we call product-PCA (PPCA), that provides a more convenient formulation for theoretical investigation. Secondly, we prove that, in the presence of outliers, PPCA is more robust than PCA in maintaining the correct ordering of leading eigenvalues. The robustness gain in PPCA comes from the random data partition, and it does not rely on a data down-weighting scheme as most robust statistical methods do. This enables us to establish the surprising finding that, when there are no outliers, PPCA and PCA share the same asymptotic distribution. That is, the robustness gain of PPCA in estimating the leading eigen-subspace has no efficiency loss in comparison with PCA. Simulation studies and a face data example are presented to show the merits of PPCA. In conclusion, PPCA has a good potential to replace the role of the usual PCA in real applications whether outliers are present or not., Comment: 3 figures
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- 2023
9. Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Universal 8-Week Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir for Treatment-Naïve Patients from a Nationwide HCV Registry in Taiwan
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Chun-Chi Yang, Chung-Feng Huang, Te-Sheng Chang, Ching-Chu Lo, Chao-Hung Hung, Chien-Wei Huang, Lee-Won Chong, Pin-Nan Cheng, Ming-Lun Yeh, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Chien-Yu Cheng, Jee-Fu Huang, Ming-Jong Bair, Chih-Lang Lin, Chi-Chieh Yang, Szu-Jen Wang, Tsai-Yuan Hsieh, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Pei-Lun Lee, Wen-Chih Wu, Chih-Lin Lin, Wei-Wen Su, Sheng-Shun Yang, Chia-Chi Wang, Jui-Ting Hu, Lein-Ray Mo, Chun-Ting Chen, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Chun-Chao Chang, Chia-Sheng Huang, Guei-Ying Chen, Chien-Neng Kao, Chi-Ming Tai, Chun-Jen Liu, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Pei-Chien Tsai, Chia-Yen Dai, Jia-Horng Kao, Han-Chieh Lin, Wang-Long Chuang, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Chi-Yi Chen, and Ming-Lung Yu
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Hepatitis C ,Direct-acting antivirals ,Glecaprevir ,Pibrentasvir ,Real world ,Taiwan ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Eight-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) is indicated for treatment-naïve (TN) patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), with or without compensated cirrhosis. Given that the Taiwanese government is committed to eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2025, this study aimed to measure real-world evidence for TN patients using 8-week GLE/PIB in the Taiwan HCV Registry (TACR). Methods The data of patients with CHC treated with 8-week GLE/PIB were retrieved from TACR, a nationwide registry program organized by the Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver (TASL). Treatment efficacy, defined as a sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12), was assessed in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population, which excluded patients who were lost to follow-up or lacked SVR12 data. The safety profile of the ITT population was assessed. Results A total of 7246 (6897 without cirrhosis; 349 with cirrhosis) patients received at least one dose of GLE/PIB (ITT), 7204 of whom had SVR12 data available (mITT). The overall SVR12 rate was 98.9% (7122/7204) among all patients, 98.9% (6780/6856) and 98.3% (342/348) among patients without and with cirrhosis, respectively. For the selected subgroups, which included patients with genotype 3 infection, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, people who injected drugs, and those with human immunodeficiency virus coinfection, the SVR12 rates were 95.1% (272/286), 98.9% (1084/1096), 99.0% (1171/1183), 97.4% (566/581), and 96.1% (248/258), respectively. Overall, 14.1% (1021/7246) of the patients experienced adverse events (AEs). Twenty-two patients (0.3%) experienced serious AEs, and 15 events (0.2%) resulted in permanent drug discontinuation. Only one event was considered treatment drug related. Conclusion Eight-week GLE/PIB therapy was effective and well tolerated in all TN patients, regardless of cirrhosis status.
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- 2024
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10. Hepatitis B relapse after entecavir or tenofovir alafenamide cessation under anti-viral prophylaxis for cancer chemotherapy
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Hsin-Wei Fang, Po-Lin Tseng, Tsung-Hui Hu, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung, Sheng-Nan Lu, and Chien-Hung Chen
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Entecavir ,Tenofovir alafenamide ,Rituximab ,Chemotherapy ,Chronic hepatitis B ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background No study has comparing hepatitis B virus (HBV) relapse rates among patients with both cancer and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who completed anti-viral prophylaxis for chemotherapy and then stopped taking entecavir or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Methods A total of 227 HBeAg-negative cancer patients without cirrhosis who previously took entecavir (n = 144) or TAF (n = 83) for antiviral prophylaxis were enrolled. Results The cumulative incidence of virological and clinical relapse at 2 years was 37% and 10.4%, respectively, in the entecavir group, and 46.7% and 19.5%, respectively, in the TAF group. The multivariate analysis revealed that the use of hematologic malignancy, TAF use, and high-viremia group at baseline were independent risk factors for virological relapse, and use of rituximab, TAF use, higher FIB-4 index and high-viremia group at baseline were independent risk factors for clinical relapse. After propensity score-matching, the patients who discontinued TAF therapy still exhibited higher virological (P = 0.031) and clinical relapse rates (P = 0.012) than did those who discontinued entecavir therapy. The patients were allocated to high- (> 2000 IU/mL), moderate- (between 20 and 2000 IU/mL) and low- (
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- 2024
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11. Artificial intelligence predicts direct-acting antivirals failure among hepatitis C virus patients: A nationwide hepatitis C virus registry program
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Ming-Ying Lu, Chung-Feng Huang, Chao-Hung Hung, Chi‐Ming Tai, Lein-Ray Mo, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Ching-Chu Lo, Ming-Jong Bair, Szu-Jen Wang, Jee-Fu Huang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chun-Ting Chen, Ming-Chang Tsai, Chien-Wei Huang, Pei-Lun Lee, Tzeng-Hue Yang, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Lee-Won Chong, Chien-Lin Chen, Chi-Chieh Yang, Sheng‐Shun Yang, Pin-Nan Cheng, Tsai-Yuan Hsieh, Jui-Ting Hu, Wen-Chih Wu, Chien-Yu Cheng, Guei-Ying Chen, Guo-Xiong Zhou, Wei-Lun Tsai, Chien-Neng Kao, Chih-Lang Lin, Chia-Chi Wang, Ta-Ya Lin, Chih‐Lin Lin, Wei-Wen Su, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Te-Sheng Chang, Chun-Jen Liu, Chia-Yen Dai, Jia-Horng Kao, Han-Chieh Lin, Wan-Long Chuang, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Chun-Wei- Tsai, Chi-Yi Chen, and Ming-Lung Yu
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hepatitis c virus ,antiviral agents ,artificial intelligence ,machine learning ,algorithms ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background/Aims Despite the high efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), approximately 1–3% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients fail to achieve a sustained virological response. We conducted a nationwide study to investigate risk factors associated with DAA treatment failure. Machine-learning algorithms have been applied to discriminate subjects who may fail to respond to DAA therapy. Methods We analyzed the Taiwan HCV Registry Program database to explore predictors of DAA failure in HCV patients. Fifty-five host and virological features were assessed using multivariate logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and artificial neural network. The primary outcome was undetectable HCV RNA at 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Results The training (n=23,955) and validation (n=10,346) datasets had similar baseline demographics, with an overall DAA failure rate of 1.6% (n=538). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, poor DAA adherence, and higher hemoglobin A1c were significantly associated with virological failure. XGBoost outperformed the other algorithms and logistic regression models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 1.000 in the training dataset and 0.803 in the validation dataset. The top five predictors of treatment failure were HCV RNA, body mass index, α-fetoprotein, platelets, and FIB-4 index. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the XGBoost model (cutoff value=0.5) were 99.5%, 69.7%, 99.9%, 97.4%, and 99.5%, respectively, for the entire dataset. Conclusions Machine learning algorithms effectively provide risk stratification for DAA failure and additional information on the factors associated with DAA failure.
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- 2024
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12. Robust self-tuning semiparametric PCA for contaminated elliptical distribution
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Hung, Hung, Huang, Su-Yun, and Eguchi, Shinto
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Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most popular dimension reduction methods. The usual PCA is known to be sensitive to the presence of outliers, and thus many robust PCA methods have been developed. Among them, the Tyler's M-estimator is shown to be the most robust scatter estimator under the elliptical distribution. However, when the underlying distribution is contaminated and deviates from ellipticity, Tyler's M-estimator might not work well. In this article, we apply the semiparametric theory to propose a robust semiparametric PCA. The merits of our proposal are twofold. First, it is robust to heavy-tailed elliptical distributions as well as robust to non-elliptical outliers. Second, it pairs well with a data-driven tuning procedure, which is based on active ratio and can adapt to different degrees of data outlyingness. Theoretical properties are derived, including the influence functions for various statistical functionals and asymptotic normality. Simulation studies and a data analysis demonstrate the superiority of our method.
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- 2022
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13. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids block the trimethylamine-N-oxide- ACE2- TMPRSS2 cascade to inhibit the infection of human endothelial progenitor cells by SARS-CoV-2.
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Chiang, En-Pei Isabel, Syu, Jia-Ning, Hung, Hung-Chang, Rodriguez, Raymond L, Wang, Wei-Jan, Chiang, En-Rung, Chiu, Shao-Chih, Chao, Che-Yi, and Tang, Feng-Yao
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Humans ,Oxides ,Methylamines ,Serine Endopeptidases ,Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ,Fatty Acids ,Omega-3 ,Docosahexaenoic Acids ,Eicosapentaenoic Acid ,NF-kappa B ,MicroRNAs ,Interleukin-6 ,Endothelial Progenitor Cells ,COVID-19 ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Trimethylamine-N-oxide ,human endothelial progenitor cells ,interleukin-6 ,microRNA-221 ,Pneumonia ,Nutrition ,Biodefense ,Vaccine Related ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Prevention ,Lung ,Clinical Research ,Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Food Sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition & Dietetics - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus that infects many types of cells and causes cytokine storms, excessive inflammation, acute respiratory distress to induce failure of respiratory system and other critical organs. In this study, our results showed that trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite generated by gut microbiota, acts as a regulatory mediator to enhance the inerleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine production and the infection of human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) by SARS-CoV-2. Treatment of N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) could effectively block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in hEPCs. The anti-infection effects of N-3 PUFAs were associated with the inactivation of NF-κB signaling pathway, a decreased expression of the entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and downstream transmembrane serine protease 2 in hEPCs upon the stimulation of TMAO. Treatment of DHA and EPA further effectively inhibited TMAO-mediated expression of IL-6 protein, probably through an inactivation of MAPK/p38/JNK signaling cascades and a downregulation of microRNA (miR)-221 in hEPCs. In conclusion, N-3 PUFAs such as DHA and EPA could effectively act as preventive agents to block the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and IL-6 cytokine production in hEPCs upon the stimulation of TMAO.
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- 2022
14. Additive manufacturing of porous ceramic structures by indirect powder bed fusion with laser beam using a novel polyamide/alumina-based feedstock
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Hung Hung, Yuk Ming X., Talou, Mariano H., and Camerucci, María A.
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- 2024
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15. Enhancing resilience in ageing: The role of age-friendly community and individual health in reducing seismic risk
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Hung, Hung-Chih, Lin, Yi-Ching, Hung, Chih-Hsuan, and Chen, Bo-Han
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- 2024
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16. Well‐controlled viremia reduces the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic viral hepatitis patients treated with lenvatinib
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Ya‐Wen Hsiao, Fai‐Meng Sou, Jing‐Houng Wang, Yen‐Hao Chen, Ming‐Chao Tsai, Tsung‐Hui Hu, Chao‐Hung Hung, Chien‐Hung Chen, and Yuan‐Hung Kuo
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hepatitis B virus ,hepatitis C virus ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,lenvatinib ,well‐controlled viremia ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Lenvatinib has been approved as one of the first‐line treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its high treatment efficacy being non‐inferior to sorafenib. Previous studies have shown well‐controlled viremia contributes to the prognosis of HCC patients receiving first‐line sorafenib; hence, we postulated this association might also exist in HCC patients with lenvatinib treatment. From April 2018 to December 2021, 201 unresectable HCC patients with first‐line lenvatinib treatment in our institute were assessed. High‐effect nucleoside analogues were administered for hepatitis B virus (HBV) control, while direct‐acting antivirals were used for hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. Based on our previous study, well‐controlled viremia was defined as patients who had undetectable viremia, or who had been receiving antivirals at least 6 months before lenvatinib. This study enrolled 129 patients, including 85 patients with HBV‐related HCC (HBV‐HCC) and 44 patients with HCV‐related HCC (HCV‐HCC), respectively. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates between the two groups were not different. Before administration of lenvatinib, 57.1% of the HBV‐HCC patients and 88.4% of the HCV‐HCC patients had well‐controlled viremia, and their PFS (8.8 vs. 3.1 months, p
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- 2023
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17. Application of Task-Aligned Model Based on Defect Detection
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Ming-Hung Hung, Chao-Hsun Ku, and Kai-Ying Chen
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deep learning ,TOOD ,surface defect detection ,defect detection dataset ,NEU-DET ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 - Abstract
In recent years, with the rise of the automation wave, reducing manual judgment, especially in defect detection in factories, has become crucial. The automation of image recognition has emerged as a significant challenge. However, the problem of how to effectively improve the classification of defect detection and the accuracy of the mean average precision (mAP) is a continuous process of improvement and has evolved from the original visual inspection of defects to the present deep learning detection system. This paper presents an application of deep learning, and the task-aligned approach is firstly used on metal defects, and the anchor and bounding box of objects and categories are continuously optimized by mutual correction. We used the task-aligned one-stage object detection (TOOD) model, then improved and optimized it, followed by deformable ConvNets v2 (DCNv2) to adjust the deformable convolution, and finally used soft efficient non-maximum suppression (Soft-NMS) to optimize intersection over union (IoU) and adjust the IoU threshold and many other experiments. In the Northeastern University surface defect detection dataset (NEU-DET) for surface defect detection, mAP increased from 75.4% to 77.9%, a 2.5% increase in mAP, and mAP was also improved compared to existing advanced models, which has potential for future use.
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- 2023
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18. Trajectories of perioperative nutritional status in patients with pancreatic tumor after surgery in six months
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Yang, Hui-Ying, Shun, Shiow-Ching, Lee, Yun-Hsiang, Liou, Yan-Ting, Chou, Yun-Jen, Kuo, Hsuan-Ju, Tien, Yu-Wen, Lai, Sheng-Ru, and Hung, Hung
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- 2024
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19. An Arrhythmia classification approach via deep learning using single-lead ECG without QRS wave detection
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Liong-Rung Liu, Ming-Yuan Huang, Shu-Tien Huang, Lu-Chih Kung, Chao-hsiung Lee, Wen-Teng Yao, Ming-Feng Tsai, Cheng-Hung Hsu, Yu-Chang Chu, Fei-Hung Hung, and Hung-Wen Chiu
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Arrhythmia ,Deep learning ,Convolution neural network (CNN) ,Single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) ,Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Arrhythmia, a frequently encountered and life-threatening cardiac disorder, can manifest as a transient or isolated event. Traditional automatic arrhythmia detection methods have predominantly relied on QRS-wave signal detection. Contemporary research has focused on the utilization of wearable devices for continuous monitoring of heart rates and rhythms through single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), which holds the potential to promptly detect arrhythmias. However, in this study, we employed a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify distinct arrhythmias without QRS wave detection step. The ECG data utilized in this study were sourced from the publicly accessible PhysioNet databases. Taking into account the impact of the duration of ECG signal on accuracy, this study trained one-dimensional CNN models with 5-s and 10-s segments, respectively, and compared their results. In the results, the CNN model exhibited the capability to differentiate between Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) and various arrhythmias, including Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB), Atrial Flutter (AFL), Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW), Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Ventricular Flutter (VFL), Mobitz II AV Block (MII), and Sinus Bradycardia (SB). Both 10-s and 5-s ECG segments exhibited comparable results, with an average classification accuracy of 97.31%. It reveals the feasibility of utilizing even shorter 5-s recordings for detecting arrhythmias in everyday scenarios. Detecting arrhythmias with a single lead aligns well with the practicality of wearable devices for daily use, and shorter detection times also align with their clinical utility in emergency situations.
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- 2024
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20. Smoking as a Risk Factor for Very Late Recurrence in Surgically Resected Early-Stage Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Wei-Ru Cho, Chih-Chi Wang, Mu-Jung Tsai, Chih-Che Lin, Yi-Hao Yen, Chien Hung Chen, Yuan-Hung Kuo, Chih-Chien Yao, Chao-Hung Hung, Pao-Yuan Huang, An-Che Liu, and Ming-Chao Tsai
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background: The risk of first recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within years 5 to 10 after curative hepatectomy remains unknown. We aimed to assess the incidence and prognostic factors for very late recurrence among patients who achieved 5 years’ recurrence-free survival (RFS) after primary resection. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 337 patients with early-stage HCC underwent primary tumor resection and achieved more than 5 years’ RFS. Results: A total of 77 patients (22.8%) developed very late recurrence. The cumulative very late recurrence rate increased from 6.9% and 11.7% to 16.6% at 6, 7, and 8 years, respectively. Patients stopped smoking had a higher rate of very late RFS. Conclusions: The high rates of very late recurrence in HCC indicate that patients warrant continued surveillance, even after 5 recurrence-free years. Moreover, smoking is a risk factor for very late HCC recurrence, and quitting smoking may reduce the risk of very late recurrence.
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- 2024
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21. Frequently Hypercyclic Semigroup Generated by Some Partial Differential Equations with Delay Operator
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Cheng-Hung Hung
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Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
In this paper, under appropriate hypotheses, we have the existence of a solution semigroup of partial differential equations with delay operator. These equations are used to describe time–age-structured cell cycle model. We also prove that the solution semigroup is a frequently hypercyclic semigroup.
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- 2024
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22. Real-world comparison of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
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Yen-Hao Chen, Ching-Hua Tsai, Yen-Yang Chen, Chih-Chi Wang, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung, and Yuan-Hung Kuo
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Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Pembrolizumab ,Nivolumab ,Immunotherapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Nivolumab and pembrolizumab have not been directly compared in clinical trials, and the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab versus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in real-world practice. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients with HCC who received intravenous nivolumab or pembrolizumab alone as second-line and later therapy. The objective response was determined according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria version 1.1. Adverse events (AEs) were graded based on the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Prognostic values were estimated using hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results In total, 120 patients were enrolled, including 95 who received nivolumab and 25 who received pembrolizumab. All patients were staged as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, and 29 patients were classified as Child-Pugh classification B (7). The response rate of the pembrolizumab and nivolumab groups were 8.0% and 7.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the median PFS between the pembrolizumab and nivolumab groups (2.7 months versus 2.9 months). The median OS in the nivolumab group was longer than that in the pembrolizumab group (10.8 months versus 8.1 months); however, the difference was not statistically significant. The effects of pembrolizumab and nivolumab on the median PFS and OS were consistent across the subgroups based on baseline characteristics. The severity of all AEs was grades 1–2 without treatment interruption or dose adjustment; there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of treatment-related AEs between these two groups. Additionally, the percentage of patients receiving subsequent therapy was consistent between the two groups. Conclusion The efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab and nivolumab were comparable in the management of patients with pretreated HCC in real-world practice.
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- 2023
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23. Linking the interplay of resilience, vulnerability, and adaptation to long-term changes in metropolitan spaces for climate-related disaster risk management
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Hung, Chih-Hsuan, Hung, Hung-Chih, and Hsu, Mu-Chien
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- 2024
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24. A direct connection promotes time efficiency for transfer of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients
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Hung, Shih-Chang, Mou, Ching-Yi, Chan, Kuei-Chuan, Hung, Hung-Chang, Li, Ya-Chin, Liu, Ling-Ling, Lai, Shih-Wei, Yang, Chia-Fen, and Li, Ya-Hsin
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- 2020
25. Docosahexaenoic Acid Inhibits Cell Proliferation through a Suppression of c-Myc Protein in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells
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Syu, Jia-Ning, Lee, Der-Yen, Hung, Hung-Chang, Li, Chia-Ying, Lin, Hung-Yu, Chiang, En-Pei Isabel, Chen, Yi-Heng, Huang, Shu-Ming, and Tang, Feng-Yao
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Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Biological Sciences ,Rare Diseases ,Pancreatic Cancer ,Cancer ,Digestive Diseases ,Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,5.1 Pharmaceuticals ,CAMKII ,DHA ,STAT3 ,c-Myc ,cell apoptosis ,nucleotide synthesis ,oxidative stress ,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,Biochemistry and cell biology ,Medical biochemistry and metabolomics ,Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences - Abstract
Treatment of pancreatic cancer by inhibiting the aberrant activation of the survival signaling pathways has received considerable attention. We investigated the probable action of DHA on the suppression of cell proliferation in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Our results demonstrated that DHA dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation through an induction of cell cycle arrest in human PDAC cells. DHA suppressed the expression of phosphorylated-Rb (p-Rb), cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin A, E2F1 and c-Myc proteins. Blocking the activation of STAT3 signaling pathway led to an inactivation of CAMKII and increased phosphorylation of c-Myc (T58) protein accompanied with decreased expression of c-Myc protein. Treatment of DHA effectively inhibited cell survival through decreased phosphorylation levels of EGFR, STAT3 and CAMKII proteins. The mechanisms of action were associated with increased phosphorylation levels of c-Myc (T58) and instability of c-Myc proteins. DHA inhibited cell survival through an increased GSSG/GSH ratio and oxidative stress level in HPAF-II cells. DHA induced cell apoptosis through increased expression of Bax, c-caspase 3 and c-PARP proteins in HPAF-II cells. Moreover, treatment of DHA significantly inhibited nucleotide synthesis. In conclusion, DHA might significantly suppress the proliferation of PDAC cells and therefore have potential as an anti-cancer therapeutic agent.
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- 2021
26. Mismatch Repair (MMR) Gene Mutation Carriers Have Favorable Outcome in Colorectal and Endometrial Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Jiunn-Tyng Yeh, Hung-Pin Peng, Fei-Hung Hung, Chen-Fang Hung, Ling-Ling Hsieh, An-Suei Yang, and Yong Alison Wang
- Subjects
DNA mismatch repair ,Lynch syndrome ,colorectal cancer ,endometrial cancer ,high-throughput nucleotide sequencing ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Germline (Lynch syndrome, LS) and somatic deficiencies of mismatch repair proteins (MMRd) are linked to colorectal and endometrial cancer; however, their prognostic impact in Asian populations remains unclear. This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence and outcome of germline and somatic MMRd in cancer patients suspected of LS. Patients with colorectal or endometrial cancer suspected of LS were enrolled and underwent gene sequencing for germline MMRd (gMMRd) and immunohistochemistry staining of MMR proteins in a subset of the pathological samples (pMMRd). Among the 451 enrolled patients, 36 patients were gMMRd (+). Compared with gMMRd (−) patients, the 10-year relapse-free survival in gMMRd (+) patients was significantly higher (100% vs. 77.9%; p = 0.006), whereas the 10-year overall survival was similar (100% vs. 90.9%; p = 0.12). Among the 102 gMMRd (−) patients with available pMMR status, 13.7% were pMMRd (+). The 5-year relapse-free survival was 62.9% in gMMRd (−) pMMRd (+) patients and 35.0% in gMMRd (−) pMMRd (−) patients, both lower than gMMRd (+) patients (100%; p < 0.001). This study showed that having LS confers a favorable outcome in colorectal and endometrial cancer patients and highlights the importance of germline genetic testing following the detection of somatic MMRd.
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- 2024
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27. MiR34 contributes to spinal muscular atrophy and AAV9-mediated delivery of MiR34a ameliorates the motor deficits in SMA mice
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Tai-Heng Chen, Shih-Hsin Chang, Yu-Fu Wu, Ya-Ping Yen, Fang-Yu Hsu, Yen-Chung Chen, Yang Ming, Ho-Chiang Hsu, Yi-Ching Su, Sheng-Tang Wong, Jui-Hung Hung, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Yuh-Jyh Jong, and Jun-An Chen
- Subjects
MT: Non-coding RNAs ,spinal muscular atrophy ,SMA ,ASO ,nusinersen ,microRNA ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective loss of spinal motor neurons (MNs) and concomitant muscle weakness. Mutation of SMN1 is known to cause SMA, and restoring SMN protein levels via antisense oligonucleotide treatment is effective for ameliorating symptoms. However, this approach is hindered by exorbitant costs, invasive procedures, and poor treatment responses of some patients. Here, we seek to circumvent these hurdles by identifying reliable biomarkers that could predict treatment efficacy. We uncovered that MiR34 exhibits consistent downregulation during SMA progression in both human and rodent contexts. Importantly, Mir34 family-knockout mice display axon swelling and reduced neuromuscular junction (NMJ) endplates, recapitulating SMA pathology. Introducing MiR34a via scAAV9 improved the motor ability of SMNΔ7 mice, possibly by restoring NMJ endplate size. Finally, we observed a consistent decreasing trend in MiR34 family expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of type I SMA patients during the loading phase of nusinersen treatment. Baseline CSF MiR34 levels before nusinersen injection proved predictive of patient motor skills 1 year later. Thus, we propose that MiR34 may serve as a biomarker of SMA since it is associated with the pathology and can help evaluate the therapeutic effects of nusinersen.
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- 2023
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28. Statistical Inference on the Cure Time
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Wang, Yueh and Hung, Hung
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Statistics - Methodology ,Statistics - Applications - Abstract
In population-based cancer survival analysis, the net survival is important for government to assess health care programs. For decades, it is observed that the net survival reaches a plateau after long-term follow-up, this is so called ``statistical cure''. Several methods were proposed to address the statistical cure. Besides, the cure time can be used to evaluate the time period of a health care program for a specific patient population, and it also can be helpful for a clinician to explain the prognosis for patients, therefore the cure time is an important health care index. However, those proposed methods assume the cure time to be infinity, thus it is inconvenient to make inference on the cure time. In this dissertation, we define a more general concept of statistical cure via conditional survival. Based on the newly defined statistical cure, the cure time is well defined. We develop cure time model methodologies and show a variety of properties through simulation. In data analysis, cure times are estimated for 22 major cancers in Taiwan, we further use colorectal cancer data as an example to conduct statistical inference via cure time model with covariate sex, age group, and stage. This dissertation provides a methodology to obtain cure time estimate, which can contribute to public health policy making., Comment: 77 pages, 29 figures, PhD dissertation, Ins. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University
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- 2020
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29. A generalized information criterion for high-dimensional PCA rank selection
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Hung, Hung, Huang, Su-Yun, and Ing, Ching-Kang
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Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) is the most commonly used statistical procedure for dimension reduction. An important issue for applying PCA is to determine the rank, which is the number of dominant eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) are among the most widely used rank selection methods. Both use the number of free parameters for assessing model complexity. In this work, we adopt the generalized information criterion (GIC) to propose a new method for PCA rank selection under the high-dimensional framework. The GIC model complexity takes into account the sizes of covariance eigenvalues and can be better adaptive to practical applications. Asymptotic properties of GIC are derived and the selection consistency is established under the generalized spiked covariance model., Comment: 9 figures
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- 2020
30. An FM-Index Based High-Throughput Memory-Efficient FPGA Accelerator for Paired-End Short-Read Mapping.
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Chung-Hsuan Yang, Yi-Chung Wu, Yen-Lung Chen, Chao-Hsi Lee, Jui-Hung Hung, and Chia-Hsiang Yang
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- 2023
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31. Full-Privacy Secured Search Engine Empowered by Efficient Genome-Mapping Algorithms.
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Yuan-Yu Chang, Sheng-Tang Wong, Emmanuel Oluwatobi Salawu, Ming-Hsuan Liao, Jui-Hung Hung, and Lee-Wei Yang
- Published
- 2023
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32. A single-chip PFM-controlled LED driver with 0.5% illuminance variation.
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Chua-Chin Wang, L. S. S. Pavan Kumar Chodisetti, Pang-Yen Lou, Chen-Cheng-Hung Hung, Pradyumna Vellanki, Ralph Gerard B. Sangalang, Lean Karlo S. Tolentino, and Tirso A. Ronquillo
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- 2024
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33. Role of adjuvant radiotherapy in resected T4aN0 colon cancer
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Lai, Hsin-Wu, Hung, Hung-Chang, and Lin, Chun-Che
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- 2023
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34. Weight Gain and Increased Body Mass Index in Patients with Hepatitis C after Eradication Using Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Taiwan
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Chun-Hsien Chen, Yung-Yu Hsieh, Wei-Ming Chen, Chien-Heng Shen, Kuo-Liang Wei, Kao-Chi Chang, Yuan-Jie Ding, Sheng-Nan Lu, Chao-Hung Hung, and Te-Sheng Chang
- Subjects
hepatitis C virus (HCV) ,direct-acting antiviral therapy ,weight gain ,obesity ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Few studies have reported weight gain in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). This retrospective cohort study identified factors associated with substantial weight gain after DAA treatment in Taiwan. This study involved patients treated using DAAs at the Chiayi and Yunlin branches of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1 January 2017 to 31 October 2020. Body weight data were collected at the start of DAA therapy and 2 years after the confirmation of a sustained virologic response. We performed multiple logistic regression to evaluate the clinical and laboratory parameters associated with a large body mass index (BMI) increase (≥5%). The mean BMI was 25.56 ± 4.07 kg/m2 at baseline and 25.77 ± 4.29 kg/m2 at the endpoint (p = 0.005). A considerable reduction in fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score was a significant predictor of a large BMI increase (OR: 1.168; 95% CI: 1.047–1.304, p = 0.006). By contrast, older age (OR: 0.979; 95% CI: 0.963–0.996, p = 0.013) and a higher baseline BMI (OR: 0.907; 95% CI: 0.863–0.954, p < 0.001) were associated with a reduced risk of a large increase in BMI at the endpoint. In summary, a larger BMI increase was closely associated with a younger age, lower baseline BMI, and higher FIB-4 score reduction. Notably, differences in DAA regimens did not affect outcomes. Future studies are needed to elucidate the long-term effects and metabolic outcomes associated with this body weight change and investigate the exact underlying mechanisms.
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- 2024
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35. A REVIEW ON SLICED INVERSE REGRESSION, SUFFICIENT DIMENSION REDUCTION, AND APPLICATIONS
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Huang, Ming-Yueh and Hung, Hung
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- 2022
36. TCM 'medicine and food homology' in the management of post-COVID disorders
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Chester Yan Jie Ng, Hung Hung Bun, Yan Zhao, and Linda L. D. Zhong
- Subjects
post-COVID ,long-COVID ,medicinal food ,Chinese medicine ,herbs ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
BackgroundThe World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of global concern on May 5, 2023. Post-COVID disorders are, however, becoming more common. Hence, there lies a growing need to develop safe and effective treatment measures to manage post-COVID disorders. Investigating the use of TCM medicinal foods in the long-term therapy of post-COVID illnesses may be beneficial given contemporary research’s emphasis on the development of medicinal foods.Scope and approachThe use of medicinal foods for the long-term treatment of post-COVID disorders is highlighted in this review. Following a discussion of the history of the TCM “Medicine and Food Homology” theory, the pathophysiological effects of post-COVID disorders will be briefly reviewed. An analysis of TCM medicinal foods and their functions in treating post-COVID disorders will then be provided before offering some insight into potential directions for future research and application.Key findings and discussionTCM medicinal foods can manage different aspects of post-COVID disorders. The use of medicinal foods in the long-term management of post-COVID illnesses may be a safe and efficient therapy choice because they are typically milder in nature than chronic drug use. These findings may also be applied in the long-term post-disease treatment of similar respiratory disorders.
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- 2023
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37. Low-dose nivolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
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Yen-Hao Chen, Chih-Chi Wang, Yen-Yang Chen, Jing-Houng Wang, Chao-Hung Hung, and Yuan-Hung Kuo
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Nivolumab ,Low dose ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Immunotherapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background The approved dose of nivolumab is 3 mg/kg or a flat dose of 240 mg for indications. There is no dose-response relationship for nivolumab; therefore, a low-dose regimen may be an option to reduce financial toxicity. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose nivolumab in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients with HCC who received 20 or 100 mg of nivolumab intravenously every 2 weeks. The objective response rate was determined in accordance with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria version 1.1. The Cox regression model and Kaplan–Meier method were used to analyze hazard factors, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Adverse events (AEs) were assessed according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Results In total, 78 patients were enrolled, including 49 with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 23 with hepatitis C virus (HCV). All patients were staged as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, and 20 patients were classified as having Child–Pugh classification B (7). Nivolumab 20 mg was an independent prognostic factor for better PFS, and albumin-bilirubin grade 1 was the independent prognostic factor for superior OS in the multivariate analyses. Patients with better HBV (HBV DNA
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- 2022
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38. Different impacts of common risk factors associated with thrombocytopenia in patients with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infectionAt a glance commentary
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Cih-En Huang, Jung-Jung Chang, Yu-Ying Wu, Shih-Hao Huang, Wei-Ming Chen, Chia-Chen Hsu, Chang-Hsien Lu, Chao-Hung Hung, Chung-Sheng Shi, Kuan-Der Lee, Chih-Cheng Chen, and Min-Chi Chen
- Subjects
Antiplatelet antibody ,Cirrhosis ,Hepatitis B virus ,Hepatitis C virus ,Spleen ,Thrombocytopenia ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common extrahepatic manifestation in chronic liver disease. However, there have been rare studies of impacts of risk for hepatitis C virus-associated thrombocytopenia (HCV-TP) and hepatitis B virus-associated thrombocytopenia (HBV-TP). The aim of this study is to evaluate different impacts of risk factors for HCV-TP and HBV-TP. Methods: We retrospectively collected 1803 HCV patients and 1652 HBV patients to examine the risk factors for time to moderate and severe thrombocytopenia (platelet counts
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- 2022
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39. Reappraisal of the roles of alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance using large-scale nationwide database and hospital-based information
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Shu-Hsien Lin, Chih-Yun Lin, Nien-Tzu Hsu, Yi-Hao Yen, Kwong-Ming Kee, Jing-Houng Wang, Tsung-Hui Hu, Chien-Hung Chen, Chao-Hung Hung, Jui-Ting Hu, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Tsang-En Wang, and Sheng-Nan Lu
- Subjects
α-fetoprotein (AFP) ,Ultrasonography (US) ,Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ,Surveillance ,Early detection ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/Purpose: Controversies over the use of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) existed from guidelines. Using large-scale database and hospital-based information, we aimed to reappraise the role of AFP in HCC surveillance, including proportion of AFP elevation by stage of HCC, additional benefit of AFP in combination of ultrasonography (US) in the detection of early HCC, and survival in early HCC with high AFP levels. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 43,437 patients from database of the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) and 4250 patients from Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (KCGMH) between January 2011 and December 2017. Results: The HCC cases in KCGMH accounted for 9.8% of the total cases in the TCR. Among both nationwide database and hospital-based information, the proportion of early HCC patients with an AFP level of ≥20 ng/mL was approximately 40%. In KCGMH, the proportion of patients with an AFP level of ≥20 ng/mL and a virus-related (hepatitis B and C) etiology was around 41.7%; furthermore, among patients with early HCC, those with an AFP level of ≥20 ng/mL had 4.7 years of median survival and 48.3% of the 5-year overall survival rate. By hospital electronic medical records review of early HCC cohort in KCGMH, approximately 10.9% of patients with AFP levels ≥20 ng/mL had US-undetectable early HCC. Conclusion: This study suggested that AFP in combination with US would add an additional benefit as being a prompted role for detection of early HCC in patients with US-undetectable HCC.
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- 2022
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40. A generalized information criterion for high-dimensional PCA rank selection
- Author
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Hung, Hung, Huang, Su-Yun, and Ing, Ching-Kang
- Published
- 2022
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41. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for HCV genotype 1, 2, 4–6 infection: Real-world evidence from a nationwide registry in Taiwan
- Author
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Ching-Chu Lo, Chung-Feng Huang, Pin-Nan Cheng, Kuo-Chih Tseng, Chi-Yi Chen, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Chi-Ming Tai, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Ming-Jong Bair, Chien-Hung Chen, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chih-Lang Lin, Chun-Yen Lin, Pei-Lun Lee, Lee-Won Chong, Chao-Hung Hung, Te Sheng Chang, Jee-Fu Huang, Chi-Chieh Yang, Jui-Ting Hu, Chih-Wen Lin, Chun-Ting Chen, Chia-Chi Wang, Wei-Wen Su, Tsai-Yuan Hsieh, Chih-Lin Lin, Wei-Lun Tsai, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Guei-Ying Chen, Szu-Jen Wang, Chun-Chao Chang, Lein-Ray Mo, Sheng-Shun Yang, Wen-Chih Wu, Chia-Sheng Huang, Chou-Kwok Hsiung, Chien-Neng Kao, Pei-Chien Tsai, Chen-Hua Liu, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Chun-Jen Liu, Chia-Yen Dai, Wan-Long Chuang, Han-Chieh Lin, Jia-Horng Kao, and Ming-Lung Yu
- Subjects
Direct-acting antiviral ,Hepatitis C virus ,Ledipasvir ,Real-world ,Sofosbuvir ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/purpose: The Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver (TASL) HCV Registry (TACR) is a nationwide registry of chronic hepatitis C patients in Taiwan. This study evaluated antiviral effectiveness of ledipasvir (LDV)/sofosbuvir (SOF) in patients in the TACR. Methods: Patients enrolled in TACR from 2017–2020 treated with LDV/SOF were eligible. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with sustained virologic response 12 weeks after end of treatment (SVR12). Results: 5644 LDV/SOF ± ribavirin-treated patients were included (mean age: 61.4 years; 54.4% female). Dominant viral genotypes were GT1 (50.8%) and GT2 (39.3%). 1529 (27.1%) patients had liver cirrhosis, including 201 (3.6%) with liver decompensation; 686 (12.2%) had chronic kidney disease. SVR12 was achieved in 98.6% of the overall population and in 98.2% and 98.7% of patients with and without cirrhosis, respectively. SVR12 rates in patients with compensated cirrhosis treated with LDV/SOF without RBV were >98%, regardless of prior treatment experience. SVR12 was 98.6%, 98.4%, 100%, 100%, and 98.7% among those with GT1, GT2, GT4, GT5, and GT6 infections, respectively. Although patient numbers were relatively small, SVR12 rates of 100% were reported in patients infected with HCV GT2, GT5, and GT6 with decompensated cirrhosis and 98% in patients with severely compromised renal function. LDV/SOF adherence ≤60% (P
- Published
- 2022
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42. Antibody CDR amino acids underlying the functionality of antibody repertoires in recognizing diverse protein antigens
- Author
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Hung-Pin Peng, Hung-Ju Hsu, Chung-Ming Yu, Fei-Hung Hung, Chao-Ping Tung, Yu-Chuan Huang, Chi-Yung Chen, Pei-Hsun Tsai, and An-Suei Yang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Antibodies recognize protein antigens with exquisite specificity in a complex aqueous environment, where interfacial waters are an integral part of the antibody–protein complex interfaces. In this work, we elucidate, with computational analyses, the principles governing the antibodies’ specificity and affinity towards their cognate protein antigens in the presence of explicit interfacial waters. Experimentally, in four model antibody–protein complexes, we compared the contributions of the interaction types in antibody–protein antigen complex interfaces with the antibody variants selected from phage-displayed synthetic antibody libraries. Evidently, the specific interactions involving a subset of aromatic CDR (complementarity determining region) residues largely form the predominant determinant underlying the specificity of the antibody–protein complexes in nature. The interfacial direct/water-mediated hydrogen bonds accompanying the CDR aromatic interactions are optimized locally but contribute little in determining the epitope location. The results provide insights into the phenomenon that natural antibodies with limited sequence and structural variations in an antibody repertoire can recognize seemingly unlimited protein antigens. Our work suggests guidelines in designing functional artificial antibody repertoires with practical applications in developing novel antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics for treating and preventing human diseases.
- Published
- 2022
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43. A Fully Integrated End-to-End Genome Analysis Accelerator for Next-Generation Sequencing.
- Author
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Yen-Lung Chen, Chung-Hsuan Yang, Yi-Chung Wu, Chao-Hsi Lee, Wen-Ching Chen, Liang-Yi Lin, Nian-Shyang Chang, Chun-Pin Lin, Chi-Shi Chen, Jui-Hung Hung, and Chia-Hsiang Yang
- Published
- 2023
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44. A robust RUV-testing procedure via gamma-divergence
- Author
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Hung, Hung
- Subjects
Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Identification of differentially expressed genes (DE-genes) is commonly conducted in modern biomedical researches. However, unwanted variation inevitably arises during the data collection process, which could make the detection results heavily biased. It is suggested to remove the unwanted variation while keeping the biological variation to ensure a reliable analysis result. Removing Unwanted Variation (RUV) is recently proposed for this purpose by the virtue of negative control genes. On the other hand, outliers are frequently appear in modern high-throughput genetic data that can heavily affect the performances of RUV and its downstream analysis. In this work, we propose a robust RUV-testing procedure via gamma-divergence. The advantages of our method are twofold: (1) it does not involve any modeling for the outlier distribution, which is applicable to various situations, (2) it is easy to implement in the sense that its robustness is controlled by a single tuning parameter gamma of gamma-divergence, and a data-driven criterion is developed to select $\gamma$. In the Gender Study, our method can successfully remove unwanted variation, and is able to identify more DE-genes than conventional methods.
- Published
- 2017
45. A plant tethering system for the functional study of protein-RNA interactions in vivo
- Author
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Diego Cuerda-Gil, Yu-Hung Hung, Kaushik Panda, and R. Keith Slotkin
- Subjects
Plant culture ,SB1-1110 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract The sorting of RNA transcripts dictates their ultimate post-transcriptional fates, such as translation, decay or degradation by RNA interference (RNAi). This sorting of RNAs into distinct fates is mediated by their interaction with RNA-binding proteins. While hundreds of RNA binding proteins have been identified, which act to sort RNAs into different pathways is largely unknown. Particularly in plants, this is due to the lack of reliable protein-RNA artificial tethering tools necessary to determine the mechanism of protein action on an RNA in vivo. Here we generated a protein-RNA tethering system which functions on an endogenous Arabidopsis RNA that is tracked by the quantitative flowering time phenotype. Unlike other protein-RNA tethering systems that have been attempted in plants, our system circumvents the inadvertent triggering of RNAi. We successfully in vivo tethered a protein epitope, deadenylase protein and translation factor to the target RNA, which function to tag, decay and boost protein production, respectively. We demonstrated that our tethering system (1) is sufficient to engineer the downstream fate of an RNA, (2) enables the determination of any protein’s function upon recruitment to an RNA, and (3) can be used to discover new interactions with RNA-binding proteins.
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- 2022
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46. Incorporating albumin-bilirubin grade and up-to-seven criteria to predict outcomes of patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial (chemo)embolization
- Author
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Hsin-Yeh Chen, Kwong-Ming Kee, Sheng-Nan Lu, Jing-Houng Wang, Chien-Hung Chen, Chao-Hung Hung, Yi-Hao Yen, and Yuan-Hung Kuo
- Subjects
Albumin-bilirubin grade ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Intermediate stage ,Transarterial embolization ,Up-to-7 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/Purpose: This study is to use albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and up-to-7 (UT7) criteria to assess outcomes of patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial (chemo)embolization (TA(C)E). Methods: Between January 2012 and January 2019, newly diagnosed intermediate HCC patients underwent TA(C)E were enrolled and analyzed. The demographics, clinical characteristics and survival were obtained from medical chart reviews. Results: A total of 359 patients were enrolled and 30.4% of them were within UT7 criteria (UT7 (−)). There were 36.5%, 59.3%, and 4.2% of the patients with ALBI grade I, II, and III, respectively. Beyond UT7 (UT7 (+)) and ALBI grade II/III were associated with overall mortality in multivariate analysis. Based on ALBI grade I/II/III and UT7 −/+, patients were classified into six groups as ALBI grade I plus UT7 (−), II plus UT7 (−), III plus UT7 (−), I plus UT7 (+), II plus UT7 (+), and III plus UT7(+). Distributions of median survival were 47.5, 32.9, 15, 34.3, 16.7 and 14.3 months, respectively. Patients with statistically insignificant survivals were further combined. Patients with ALBI grade I plus UT7 (−) were reclassified as ALBI-U class I, whereas ALBI grade II plus UT7 (−) and I plus UT7 (+) were ALBI-U class II, and the others were ALBI-U class III. There were 8.4%, 48.7%, and 42.9% of patients in ALBI-U class I, II, and III, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 48.8%, 22.5%, and 13.7% in ALBI-U class I, II, and III, respectively (p
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- 2022
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47. Overview of drug treatment for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in Taiwan emergency departments: Adenosine using trend from 2000 to 2012
- Author
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Li, Ya-Hsin, Hung, Shih-Chang, Hung, Hung-Chang, Chan, Kuei-Chuan, Li, Ya-Chin, Liu, Ling-Ling, Chao, Wen Yi, Huang, Jong-Wen, and Hsu, Huan-Wen
- Published
- 2022
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48. Liver stiffness‐based score at sustained virologic response predicts liver‐related complications after eradication of hepatitis C virus
- Author
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Yuan‐Hung Kuo, Kwong‐Ming Kee, Chao‐Hung Hung, Sheng‐Nan Lu, Tsung‐Hui Hu, Chien‐Hung Chen, and Jing‐Houng Wang
- Subjects
chronic hepatitis C ,direct‐acting antivirals ,fibrosis‐4 index ,liver stiffness ,liver‐related complications ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract To determine whether liver stiffness (LS) and fibrosis‐4 (Fib‐4) index were useful in assessing the occurrence of liver‐related complications (LRC) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients after direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) had been administered. This retrospective study enrolled CHC patients achieving sustained virological response (SVR) after DAA. A total of 697 (male/female: 294/403, mean age: 63.8 year) patients with measured LS and complete lab data at SVR were enrolled, followed, and analyzed. In a median follow‐up of 21.4 months after SVR, 39 patients developed LRC including 28 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the 30‐month cumulative incidence of LRC and HCC being 7.7% and 5.1%, respectively. Predictions of occurrence of LRC and HCC were 0.820 and 0.774 for LS, and 0.775 and 0.737 for Fib‐4, with optimal cutoffs of LS and Fib‐4 being 14.5 kPa and 2.9 for LRC prediction. In multivariate analysis, LS was associated with the occurrence of LRC (hazard ratio: 3.97, 95% confidence interval [1.866, 8.446], p
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- 2022
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49. YOLOV3 Based Ship Detection in Visible and Infrared Images.
- Author
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Lena Chang, Yi-Ting Chen, Ming-Hung Hung, Jung-Hua Wang, and Yang-Lang Chang
- Published
- 2021
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50. Sufficient Dimension Reduction via Random-Partitions for Large-p-Small-n Problem
- Author
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Hung, Hung and Huang, Su-Yun
- Subjects
Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) is continuing an active research field nowadays for high dimensional data. It aims to estimate the central subspace (CS) without making distributional assumption. To overcome the large-$p$-small-$n$ problem we propose a new approach for SDR. Our method combines the following ideas for high dimensional data analysis: (1) Randomly partition the covariates into subsets and use distance correlation (DC) to construct a sketch of envelope subspace with low dimension. (2) Obtain a sketch of the CS by applying conventional SDR method within the constructed envelope subspace. (3) Repeat the above two steps for a few times and integrate these multiple sketches to form the final estimate of the CS. We name the proposed SDR procedure "integrated random-partition SDR (iRP-SDR)". Comparing with existing methods, iRP-SDR is less affected by the selection of tuning parameters. Moreover, the estimation procedure of iRP-SDR does not involve the determination of the structural dimension until at the last stage, which makes the method more robust in a high-dimensional setting. Asymptotic properties of iRP-SDR are also established. The advantageous performance of the proposed method is demonstrated via simulation studies and the EEG data analysis.
- Published
- 2017
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