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432 results on '"Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)"'

1. Disentangling the role of poultry farms and wild birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Europe

Author: Claire, Guinat, Cecilia, Valenzuela Agüí, Timothy G, Vaughan, Jérémie, Scire, Anne, Pohlmann, Christoph, Staubach, Jacqueline, King, Edyta, Świętoń, Ádám, Dán, Lenka, Černíková, Mariette F, Ducatez, Tanja, Stadler, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering [ETH Zürich] (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), State Veterinary Institute Prague, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 842621., European Project: 777657,H2020-EU.1.3.3. - Stimulating innovation by means of cross-fertilisation of knowledge,777657,MSCA-RISE(2018), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, highly pathogenic avian influenza, virus transmission and evolution, phylodynamics, domestic-wildlife interface
Abstract: In winter 2016-7, Europe was severely hit by an unprecedented epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), causing a significant impact on animal health, wildlife conservation, and livestock economic sustainability. By applying phylodynamic tools to virus sequences collected during the epidemic, we investigated when the first infections occurred, how many infections were unreported, which factors influenced virus spread, and how many spillover events occurred. HPAIV was likely introduced into poultry farms during the autumn, in line with the timing of wild birds' migration. In Germany, Hungary, and Poland, the epidemic was dominated by farm-to-farm transmission, showing that understanding of how farms are connected would greatly help control efforts. In the Czech Republic, the epidemic was dominated by wild bird-to-farm transmission, implying that more sustainable prevention strategies should be developed to reduce HPAIV exposure from wild birds. Inferred transmission parameters will be useful to parameterize predictive models of HPAIV spread. None of the predictors related to live poultry trade, poultry census, and geographic proximity were identified as supportive predictors of HPAIV spread between farms across borders. These results are crucial to better understand HPAIV transmission dynamics at the domestic-wildlife interface with the view to reduce the impact of future epidemics., Virus Evolution, 8 (2), ISSN:2057-1577
Published: 2023

2. New Biocompatible β‐Phosphorylated Linear Nitrones Targeting Mitochondria: Protective Effect in Apoptotic Cells

Author: Marcel Culcasi, Caroline Delehedde, Mathieu Esgulian, Mathieu Cassien, Mathieu Chocry, Antal Rockenbauer, Sylvia Pietri, Sophie Thétiot‐Laurent, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), YELEN, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and ANR-17-CE34-0006,MITODIAPM,Sondes mitochondriales et dispositifs de génération d'aérosols pour l'étude du stress oxydant et des dysfonctionnements cardiométaboliques induits par l'inhalation de faibles niveaux de particules ultrafines de pesticides chez l'animal(2017)
Subjects: EPR spin-trapping, superoxide quenching, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, mitochondria-targeted nitrones, 31P NMR, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, cellular viability
Abstract: International audience; Mitochondria, an essential organelle involved in cellular respiration, energy production, and cell death, is the main cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide. Mitochondrial diseases resulting from uncontrolled/excess ROS generation are an emerging public health concern and there is current interest for specific mitochondriotropic probes to get information on in situ ROS production. As such, nitrones vectorized by the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation have recently drawn attention despite reported cytotoxicity. Herein, we describe the synthesis of 13 low-toxic derivatives of N-benzylidene-1-diethoxyphosphoryl-1-methylethylamine N-oxide (PPN) alkyl chain-grafted to a pyridinium, triethylammonium or berberinium lipophilic cation. These nitrones showed in vitro superoxide quenching activity and EPR/spin-trapping efficiency towards biologically relevant free radicals, including superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Their mitochondrial penetration was confirmed by 31P NMR and anti-apoptotic properties assessed inhydrogen peroxide treated Schwann cells. Two pyridinium substituted PPNs were identified as potentially better alternatives to TPP nitrones conjugates for studies of mitochondrial oxidative damage.
Published: 2023

3. Complex carbonaceous matter in Tissint martian meteorites give insights into the diversity of organic geochemistry on Mars

Author: Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Marco Matzka, Alexander Ruf, Benedicte Menez, Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, Mourad Harir, Marianna Lucio, Jasmine Hertzog, Norbert Hertkorn, Régis D. Gougeon, Victor Hoffmann, Nancy W. Hinman, Ludovic Ferrière, Ansgar Greshake, Zelimir Gabelica, László Trif, Andrew Steele, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University Hassan II [Casablanca], Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physico-Chimie de l'Aliment et du Vin (PCAV), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin 'Jules Guyot' (IUVV Jules Guyot), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Department of Lithospheric Research [Wien], Universität Wien, Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse (ENSCMu), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Carnegie Institution for Science
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: We report a huge organic diversity in the Tissint Mars meteorite and the sampling of several mineralogical lithologies, which revealed that the organic molecules were nonuniformly distributed in functionality and abundance. The range of organics in Tissint meteorite were abundant C 3-7 aliphatic branched carboxylic acids and aldehydes, olefins, and polyaromatics with and without heteroatoms in a homologous oxidation structural continuum. Organomagnesium compounds were extremely abundant in olivine macrocrystals and in the melt veins, reflecting specific organo-synsthesis processes in close interaction with the magnesium silicates and temperature stresses, as previously observed. The diverse chemistry and abundance in complex molecules reveal heterogeneity in organic speciation within the minerals grown in the martian mantle and crust that may have evolved over geological time.
Published: 2023

4. Editorial Appreciation

Author: Lidia Van Driel-Gesztelyi, Michael Wheatland, John Leibacher, Cristina Mandrini, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio [Buenos Aires] (IAFE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

5. Gate-Controlled Supercurrent in Epitaxial Al/InAs Nanowires

Author: Olivér Kürtössy, Péter Makk, Kenji Watanabe, Thomas Kanne, István Endre Lukács, Gergő Fülöp, Takashi Taniguchi, Tosson Elalaily, Martin Berke, Szabolcs Csonka, Zoltán Scherübl, Jesper Nygård, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), and University of Basel (Unibas)
Subjects: Materials science, Letter, Phonon, Nanowire, phonons, Field effect, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], epitaxial superconductors, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Hot-carrier injection, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Superconductivity, gate-controlled supercurrent, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, field effect, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Supercurrent, MAGNETIC-FIELD, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, hot electron injection, nanowire, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Gate-controlled supercurrent (GCS) in superconducting nanobridges has recently attracted attention as a means to create superconducting switches. Despite the clear advantages for applications, the microscopic mechanism of this effect is still under debate. In this work, we realize GCS for the first time in a highly crystalline superconductor epitaxially grown on an InAs nanowire. We show that the supercurrent in the epitaxial Al layer can be switched to the normal state by applying similar to +/- 23 V on a bottom gate insulated from the nanowire by a crystalline hBN layer. Our extensive study of the temperature and magnetic field dependencies suggests that the electric field is unlikely to be the origin of GCS in our device. Though hot electron injection alone cannot explain our experimental findings, a very recent non-equilibrium phonons based picture is compatible with most of our results.
Published: 2021

6. Guidance for creating individual and batch latinized binomial virus species names

Author: Postler, Thomas S., Rubino, Luisa, Adriaenssens, Evelien M., Dutilh, Bas E., Harrach, Balázs, Junglen, Sandra, Kropinski, Andrew M., Krupovic, Mart, Wada, Jiro, Crane, Anya, Kuhn, Jens H., Mushegian, Arcady, Rūmnieks, Jānis, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, F. Murilo, Callanan, Julie, Draper, Lorraine A., Hill, Colin, Stockdale, Stephen R., Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), University of Cape Town, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University College Cork (UCC), This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.C. and J.W. performed this work as employees or affiliates of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This publication has emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland under grant numbers SFI/12/RC/2273_P2 and SFI/14/SP APC/B3032 (J.C., L.A.D, C.H. and S.R.S). E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Program Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent project(s) BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. B.E.D. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC 2051 Project-ID 390713860. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN140356). A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), but the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in the personal capacity and do not constitute the endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES) USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494., European Project: 865694,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC),DiversiPHI(2020), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, and Sub Bioinformatics
Subjects: Virus taxonomy, Binomial, virus nomenclature, virus taxonomy, Virus nomenclature, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, binomial, Ictv, ICTV, Virology, Latinization, Species name, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, species name
Abstract: The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses recently adopted, and is gradually implementing, a binomial naming format for virus species. Although full Latinization of these names remains optional, a standardized nomenclature based on Latinized binomials has the advantage of comparability with all other biological taxonomies. As a language without living native speakers, Latin is more culturally neutral than many contemporary languages, and words built from Latin roots are already widely used in the language of science across the world. Conversion of established species names to Latinized binomials or creation of Latinized binomials de novo may seem daunting, but the rules for name creation are straightforward and can be implemented in a formulaic manner. Here, we describe approaches, strategies and steps for creating Latinized binomials for virus species without prior knowledge of Latin. We also discuss a novel approach to the automated generation of large batches of novel genus and species names. Importantly, conversion to a binomial format does not affect virus names, many of which are created from local languages.
Published: 2022

7. Parallel InAs nanowires for Cooper pair splitters with Coulomb repulsion

Author: Olivér Kürtössy, Zoltán Scherübl, Gergő Fülöp, István Endre Lukács, Thomas Kanne, Jesper Nygård, Péter Makk, Szabolcs Csonka, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and University of Basel (Unibas)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Materials Science, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, STATES, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, SUPERCONDUCTOR, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract: Hybrid nanostructures consisting of two parallel InAs nanowires connected by an epitaxially grown superconductor (SC) shell recently became available. Due to the defect-free SC-semiconductor interface and the two quasi-one-dimensional channels being close by, these platforms can be utilized to spatially separate entangled pairs of electrons by using quantum dots (QD) in the so-called Cooper pair splitting (CPS) process. The minimized distance between the QDs overcomes the limitations of single-wire-based geometries and can boost the splitting efficiency. Here we investigate CPS in such a device where strong inter-dot Coulomb repulsion is also present and studied thoroughly. We analyze theoretically the slight reduction of the CPS efficiency imposed by the Coulomb interaction and compare it to the experiments. Despite the competition between crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) and inter-wire capacitance, a significant CPS signal is observed indicating the dominance of the superconducting coupling. Our results demonstrate that the application of parallel InAs nanowires with epitaxial SC is a promising route for the realization of parafermionic states relying on enhanced CAR between the wires.
Published: 2022

8. Re-reading the lithic industry of the eponymous Bábonyian site at Sajóbábony (Bükk Mountain, Hungary)

Author: Lamotte, A., Mester, Z., Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association
Subjects: late middle Palaeolithic, Hungary, babonyen, sajobabony, lithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: Méhész-tető in Sajóbábony (northeastern Hungary), is an open-air site attributed to last glacial cycle. It yielded a lithic industry whose unique typo-technological composition gave rise to the classification of Bábonyian by Á. Ringer in 1983 and later in 2001. This Middle Palaeolithic cultural facies is characterised by leafpoints, Micoquian bifacial tools, Bábonyian knives and discoidal debitage resulting from flake production. The raw material used for both shaped tools and flake production is mainly quartz-porphyre.Méhész-tető has been excavated several times by different prehistorians between 1975 and 1997 but unfortunately nothing has been published since 2000 so consequently, we were unfamiliar with the lithic composition, techno-economy datas of the industry, spatial distribution of the artefacts, and thereby did not possess any hypotheses regarding site function. In 2019, however, this began to change. Firstly, we re-analysed all past collections from Toth Lajos and Arpád Ringer and, secondly was born a new international programme of excavations led by A. Lamotte and Zs. Mester, started at the site with a planned duration of 4 years (2019-2022) with many aims. Among them, this new programme permitted us to provide a better typo-technological characterisation of the industry and allowed us to compare all previous and current excavations (1986, 1997 and 2019-2022), using the same methods like metric, geometric morphometric, raw materials and chaine operatoire. Each excavation yielded considerable numbers of artefacts scattered over 12 m2. Significantly, with this information, we were able to discuss the spatial distribution of each lithic category, the raw materials, make hypotheses regarding the daily activities carried out at the site and finally discuss about the Culture.
Published: 2022

9. Wear analysis of the lithic material from Sajóbábony Méhésztetö, Hungary

Author: Borel, A, Mester, Zs, Lamotte, A., Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), and EAA european archaeologist association
Subjects: Hungary, wear analysis, quartz porphyry, palaeolithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: New excavations of the site of Sajóbábony Méhésztetö (Hungary, Bükk Mountains), the eponym site of the Bábonyian culture, have been carried out since 2019 in the frame of the French-Hungarian program of the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. The revaluation of the site, aiming at characterizing the subsistence behaviours of its occupants, implies a thorough understanding of the function(s) of the stone artefacts. We propose here to present an extensive wear analysis carried out on the collections provided by the 2019 and 2021 excavations. The lithic material of Hungarian Palaeolithic archaeological sites has been the subject of only very few wear analyses. Moreover, no reference collection was so far accessible for the raw materials specific to the region, quartz-porphyry and limnosilicite in particular. Therefore, we will first present the ongoing experimental program which will later allow more detailed, qualitative and quantitative, examination of the surfaces of the artefacts. Through the microscopic screening of the stone pieces, we already classified them in four categories depending on the presence and clarity of the use traces. This first level of observation provides an insight of the spatial distribution and stratigraphical repartition of the use and about the relationship between tool raw material and use. The current results show clear discrepancies in terms of use micropolish development depending on the raw material of the tool. This raises questions concerning the proper function of the artifacts (more intensive use of the tools made of limnosilicite?) but can also be the result of a different development of the traces on the different raw materials or even of the technologies used for the observations. This will be discussed taking into account the new experimental data. The experimental program is supported by the NRDI Fund (K 132857), Hungary.
Published: 2022

10. Recent data from Sajóbábony-Méhész-tetö open-air site : chronostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental records of the eponymous Bábonyian (Hungary)

Author: Salvador, P.-G., Novothny, A., Fonai, M., Marcoux, N., Bout-Roumazeilles, V., Berger, J.-F., Lamotte, A., Mester, Zs., Territoires, Villes, Environnement & Société - ULR 4477 (TVES), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Civilisations atlantiques & Archéosciences (C2A), Université de Rennes (UR)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association
Subjects: sediments, hill, geomorphology, dating, paleogeography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: The Sajóbábony site of Méhész-tetö is situated at about 207 m above sea level on the highest point of a small hill which forms the north-eastern end of the foothills of the Bükk mountains. The Sajó is the main river in the area. Several previous excavations have taken place at Méhész-tetö, none of which provided any clear description of the stratigraphy or linking the site to the environment of the hill. A new field campaign, which started in 2019 still in progress, has made the reinvestigation of many studies possible, like the composition of clays, the characterisation of charcoal, the magnetism of the sediments and their composition elemental variations (XRF) and datings. A medium scale geomorphological study was carried out with the aim of integrating the archaeological site and its immediate environment. The study consisted of 5 manually dug holes (3 m deep) situated across the slope of the hill. Our objective was to check the conservation of the first pedostratigraphic observations. Next to the main excavation (12 m2), a manual open-hole-survey was also conducted. This revealed stratigraphy (2 m long by 1.80 m deep) from which a sedimentary column of 36 samples and 6 OSL dates were collected. The principal outcomes of our investigation demonstrated the development of a silty sequence older than 243 ka and also identified the last glacial/interglacial cycle (Eemian/Weichselian) in which the archaeological occupation levels were located. Using a multidisciplinary approach and original data, the purpose of this communication is to review the environmental evolution of the site in order to clarify the chronology of environmental and human events.
Published: 2022

11. The OPTICON A2IM Cookbook: an introduction to additive manufacture for astronomy

Author: Carolyn Atkins, Bart van de Vorst, Andrew Conley, Szigfrid Farkas, Emmanuel Hugot, György Mező, Katherine Morris, Mélanie Roulet, Robert M. Snell, Fabio Tenegi Sanginés, Iain Todd, Afrodisio Vega-Moreno, Hermine Schnetler, UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UK ATC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Daresbury Laboratory, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC)
Subjects: OPTICON, open access, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Additive manufacture, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], metal mirrors, 3D printing, lightweight mirrors
Abstract: International audience; Additive manufacture (AM), also known as 3D printing, builds an object, layer-by-layer, from a digital design file. The primary advantage of the layer-by-layer approach is the increase in design-space, which enables engineers and scientists to create structures and geometries that would not be practical, or possible, via conventional subtractive machining (mill, drill and lathe). AM provides more than prototyping solutions: there are a broad range of materials available (polymers, metals and ceramics); software capable of creating lightweight structures optimised for the physical environment; and numerous bureaux offering AM as a service on a par with subtractive machining. In addition, AM is an ideal method for bespoke, low-count parts, which are often the foundation of astronomical instrumentation. However, AM offers many challenges as well as benefits and, therefore, the goal of the OPTICON A2IM Cookbook is to provide the reader with a resource that outlines the scope of AM and how to adopt it within astronomical hardware, with an emphasis on the fabrication of lightweight mirrors. The Cookbook was an open access deliverable of the EU H2020 funded OPTICON (Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy; grant agreement #730890) A2IM (Additive Astronomy Integrated-component Manufacturing; PI H. Schnetler) work package and it was completed in June 2021. This paper will introduce the Cookbook, its scope and methodology, and highlight the paradigm shift required to design and AM lightweight mirrors for astronomy and space-science.
Published: 2022

12. MELAS syndrome causes glutamate and tricarboxylic acid cycle dysfunctions alleviated by ketone body treatment

Author: Belal, Sophie, Goudenège, David, Bocca, Cinzia, Dumont, Florent, Chao de la Barca, Juan Manuel, Desquiret-Dumas, Valérie, Gueguen, Naïg, Geffroy, Guillaume, Benyahia, Rayane, Kane, Selma, Khiati, Salim, Bris, Céline, Aranyi, Tamas, Stockholm, Daniel, Inisan, Aurore, Renaud, Aurélie, Barth, Magalie, Simard, Gilles, Reynier, Pascal, Letournel, Franck, Lenaers, Guy, Bonneau, Dominique, Chevrollier, Arnaud, Procaccio, Vincent, MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique (IPSIT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), SFR UA 4208 Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques (ICAT), Université d'Angers (UA), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Multi-omics, mtDNA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mitochondrial diseases, Glutamate, MELAS syndrome
Abstract: International audience; (1) Background: The development of mitochondrial medicine has been severely impeded by a lack of effective therapies. (2) Methods: To better understand Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis Syndrome Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, neuronal cybrid cells carrying different mutation loads of the m.3243A > G mitochondrial DNA variant were analysed using a multi-omic approach. (3) Results: Specific metabolomic signatures revealed that the glutamate pathway was significantly increased in MELAS cells with a direct correlation between glutamate concentration and the m.3243A > G heteroplasmy level. Transcriptomic analysis in mutant cells further revealed alterations in specific gene clusters, including those of the glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These results were supported by post-mortem brain tissue analysis from a MELAS patient, confirming the glutamate dysregulation. Exposure of MELAS cells to ketone bodies significantly reduced the glutamate level and improved mitochondrial functions, reducing the accumulation of several intermediate metabolites of the TCA cycle and alleviating the NADH-redox imbalance. (4) Conclusions: Thus, a multi-omic integrated approach to MELAS cells revealed glutamate as a promising disease biomarker, while also indicating that a ketogenic diet should be tested in MELAS patients.
Published: 2022

13. Distinct invasion sources of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Eastern and Western Europe

Author: Pierre Gladieux, Jacqui A. Shykoff, Benjamin J. Genton, Levente Kiss, Odile Jonot, Tatiana Giraud, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR : 07-BDIV-003, University Paris-Sud, and Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) : T046841, IN67377
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, Range (biology), [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Population genetics, Introduced species, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Eastern european, 03 medical and health sciences, Colonization, Genetic variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; The common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.; Asteraceae) is a North American native that is invading Eurasia. Besides its economic impact on crop yield, it presents a major health problem because of its highly allergenic pollen. The plant was imported inadvertently to Europe in the eighteenth century and has become invasive in several countries. By analyzing French and North American populations, it was previously shown that French populations were best described as a mixture of native sources and that range expansion in France probably involved sequential bottlenecks. Here, our aim was to determine whether Eastern European populations of A. artemisiifolia originated from the previously established French populations or from independent trans-Atlantic colonization events. We used nuclear microsatellite markers to elucidate the relationships among populations from Eastern and Western Europe in relation to populations from a broad survey across the native North American range. We found that A. artemisiifolia from Eastern Europe did not originate from the earlier established French populations but rather represents multiple independent introductions from other sources, or introductions from a not yet identified highly diverse native population. Eastern European populations show comparable amounts of genetic variability as do previously characterized French and North American populations, but analyses of population structure clearly distinguish the two European groups. This suggests separate introductions in Eastern and Western Europe as well as divergent sources for these two invasions, possibly as a result of distinct rules for trade and exchange for Eastern Europe during most of the twentieth century.
Published: 2011

14. Temporal isolation explains host-related genetic differentiation in a group of widespread mycoparasitic fungi

Author: Kiss, Levente, Pintye, Alexandra, Kovacs, Gabor, Jankovics, Tunde, Fontaine, Michael, Harvey, Nick, Xu, Xiangming, Nicot, Philippe, Bardin, Marc, Shykoff, Jacqui, Giraud, Tatiana, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute of Neurology, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Laboratoire de physique et mécanique des matériaux (LPMM), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Metz (ENIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), East Malling Research, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Genetic Marker Services, Partenaires INRAE, and Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV)
Subjects: TRI-TROPHIC INTERACTIONS, microsatellite, séquence nucleique, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, variabilité génétique, pommier, génétique moléculaire, Mycology, champignon phytopathogène, MYCOHOST SPECIALIZATION, épidémiologie végétale, ITS SEQUENCE, SPECIATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, arbre fruitier, ISOLATION IN TIME, malus domestica, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], food and beverages, POWDERY MILDEW, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, PODOSPHAERA LEUCOTRICHA, Agricultural sciences, Mycologie, BIOTROPHIC PATHOGENS, AMPELOMYCES, marqueur moléculaire, Sciences agricoles
Abstract: International audience; Understanding the mechanisms responsible for divergence and specialization of pathogens on different hosts is of fundamental importance, especially in the context of the emergence of new diseases via host shifts. Temporal isolation has been reported in a few plants and parasites, but is probably one of the least studied speciation processes. We studied whether temporal isolation could be responsible for the maintenance of genetic differentiation among sympatric populations of Ampelomyces, widespread intracellular mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi, themselves plant pathogens. The timing of transmission of Ampelomyces depends on the life cycles of the powdery mildew species they parasitize. Internal transcribed spacer sequences and microsatellite markers showed that Ampelomyces populations found in apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) were genetically highly differentiated from other Ampelomyces populations sampled from several other powdery mildew species across Europe, infecting plant hosts other than apple. While P. leucotricha starts its life cycle early in spring, and the main apple powdery mildew epidemics occur before summer, the fungal hosts of the other Ampelomyces cause epidemics mainly in summer and autumn. When two powdery mildew species were experimentally exposed to Ampelomyces strains naturally occurring in P. leucotricha in spring, and to strains naturally present in other mycohost species in autumn, cross-infections always occurred. Thus, the host-related genetic differentiation in Ampelomyces cannot be explained by narrow physiological specialization, because Ampelomyces were able to infect powdery mildew species they were unlikely to have encountered in nature, but instead appears to result from temporal isolation
Published: 2011

15. Nuclear and chloroplast microsatellites show multiple introductions in the worldwide invasion history of common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia

Author: Myriam Gaudeul, Tatiana Giraud, Levente Kiss, Jacqui A. Shykoff, Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Evolutionary Genetics, Chloroplasts, Internationality, Plant Evolution, Population Dynamics, Population genetics, lcsh:Medicine, Introduced species, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, invasive species, Cluster Analysis, lcsh:Science, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Geography, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], DNA, Chloroplast, Eastern european, Biogeography, Ambrosia, Research Article, Wahlund effect, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, education, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Isolation by distance, Cell Nucleus, Evolutionary Biology, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, population structure, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Genetic Loci, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, Introduced Species, Population Genetics, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract: International audience; Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a North American native that has become one of the most problematic invasive plants in Europe and Asia. We studied its worldwide population genetic structure, using both nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers and an unprecedented large population sampling. Our goals were (i) to identify the sources of the invasive populations; (ii) to assess whether all invasive populations were founded by multiple introductions, as previously found in France; (iii) to examine how the introductions have affected the amount and structure of genetic variation in Europe; (iv) to document how the colonization of Europe proceeded; (v) to check whether populations exhibit significant heterozygote deficiencies, as previously observed. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We found evidence for multiple introductions of A. artemisiifolia, within regions but also within populations in most parts of its invasive range, leading to high levels of diversity. In Europe, introductions probably stem from two different regions of the native area: populations established in Central Europe appear to have originated from eastern North America, and Eastern European populations from more western North America. This may result from differential commercial exchanges between these geographic regions. Our results indicate that the expansion in Europe mostly occurred through long-distance dispersal, explaining the absence of isolation by distance and the weak influence of geography on the genetic structure in this area in contrast to the native range. Last, we detected significant heterozygote deficiencies in most populations. This may be explained by partial selfing, biparental inbreeding and/or a Wahlund effect and further investigation is warranted. CONCLUSIONS: This insight into the sources and pathways of common ragweed expansion may help to better understand its invasion success and provides baseline data for future studies on the evolutionary processes involved during range expansion in novel environments.
Published: 2011

16. Evolution of the Ciomadul Volcanic Field—Lava Domes and Explosive Eruptions

Author: Dávid Karátson, Daniel Veres, Pierre Lahitte, Tamás Telbisz, Sabine Wulf, Ralf Gertisser, Stéphane Dibacto, Balázs Kiss, Enikő K. Magyari, Ágnes Novothny, Csaba Jánosi, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Portmouth University, School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography
Subjects: [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

17. BeStSel: webserver for secondary structure and fold prediction for protein CD spectroscopy

Author: András Micsonai, Éva Moussong, Frank Wien, Eszter Boros, Henrietta Vadászi, Nikoletta Murvai, Young-Ho Lee, Tamás Molnár, Matthieu Réfrégiers, Yuji Goto, Ágnes Tantos, József Kardos, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), University of Science and Technology [Daejeon] (UST), Chungnam National University (CNU), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Osaka University [Osaka], and Refregiers, Matthieu
Subjects: [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Genetics
Abstract: Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is widely used to characterize the secondary structure composition of proteins. To derive accurate and detailed structural information from the CD spectra, we have developed the Beta Structure Selection (BeStSel) method (PNAS, 112, E3095), which can handle the spectral diversity of β-structured proteins. The BeStSel webserver provides this method with useful accessories to the community with the main goal to analyze single or multiple protein CD spectra. Uniquely, BeStSel provides information on eight secondary structure components including parallel β-structure and antiparallel β-sheets with three different groups of twist. It overperforms any available method in accuracy and information content, moreover, it is capable of predicting the protein fold down to the topology/homology level of the CATH classification. A new module of the webserver helps to distinguish intrinsically disordered proteins by their CD spectrum. Secondary structure calculation for uploaded PDB files will help the experimental verification of protein MD and in silico modelling using CD spectroscopy. The server also calculates extinction coefficients from the primary sequence for CD users to determine the accurate protein concentrations which is a prerequisite for reliable secondary structure determination. The BeStSel server can be freely accessed at https://bestsel.elte.hu.
Published: 2022

18. The Rayleigh-Schr\'odinger perturbation series of quasi-degenerate systems

Author: Frédéric Patras, Gérard Duchamp, Gabor Zsolt Toth, Christian Brouder, Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord (LIPN), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Theoretical Department [Budapest], Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics [Budapest], Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Quantum Physics, 010102 general mathematics, Degenerate energy levels, Perturbation (astronomy), multiferefence system, Condensed Matter Physics, 31.15.xp, 03.65.Fd, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, symbols.namesake, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory, 0101 mathematics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Rayleigh scattering, Resummation, 010306 general physics, Series expansion, quasidegenerate system, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics, Mathematical physics
Abstract: We present the first representation of the general term of the Rayleigh-Schr\"odinger series for quasidegenerate systems. Each term of the series is represented by a tree and there is a straightforward relation between the tree and the analytical expression of the corresponding term. The combinatorial and graphical techniques used in the proof of the series expansion allow us to derive various resummation formulas of the series. The relation with several combinatorial objects used for special cases (degenerate or non-degenerate systems) is established., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2010

19. Light-adapted charge-separated state of photosystem II: structural and functional dynamics of the closed reaction center

Author: Alberto Mezzetti, Stefano Santabarbara, Qingjun Zhu, Gábor Sipka, Petar H. Lambrev, Gyözö Garab, Jian Ren Shen, Guangye Han, Melinda Magyar, Yanan Xiao, Parveen Akhtar, Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre [Budapest] (BRC), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ELI-ALPS, Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), Okayama University, and Ostravská univerzita / University of Ostrava
Subjects: Chlorophyll, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Photosynthetic reaction centre, Regular Issue, Light, Photosystem II, Protein Conformation, Thermosynechococcus, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, 03 medical and health sciences, Spinacia oleracea, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Light-adapted charge-separated state of photosystem II: Structural and functional dynamics of the closed reaction center, Relaxation (NMR), Temperature, Photosystem II Protein Complex, Cell Biology, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, 030104 developmental biology, Chemical physics, Diuron, Quantum efficiency, Stationary state, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Photosystem II (PSII) uses solar energy to oxidize water and delivers electrons for life on Earth. The photochemical reaction center of PSII is known to possess two stationary states. In the open state (PSIIO), the absorption of a single photon triggers electron-transfer steps, which convert PSII into the charge-separated closed state (PSIIC). Here, by using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques on Spinacia oleracea and Thermosynechococcus vulcanus preparations, we show that additional illumination gradually transforms PSIIC into a light-adapted charge-separated state (PSIIL). The PSIIC-to-PSIIL transition, observed at all temperatures between 80 and 308 K, is responsible for a large part of the variable chlorophyll-a fluorescence (Fv) and is associated with subtle, dark-reversible reorganizations in the core complexes, protein conformational changes at noncryogenic temperatures, and marked variations in the rates of photochemical and photophysical reactions. The build-up of PSIIL requires a series of light-induced events generating rapidly recombining primary radical pairs, spaced by sufficient waiting times between these events--pointing to the roles of local electric-field transients and dielectric relaxation processes. We show that the maximum fluorescence level, Fm, is associated with PSIIL rather than with PSIIC, and thus the Fv/Fm parameter cannot be equated with the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry. Our findings resolve the controversies and explain the peculiar features of chlorophyll-a fluorescence kinetics, a tool to monitor the functional activity and the structural-functional plasticity of PSII in different wild-types and mutant organisms and under stress conditions. VC American Society of Plant Biologists 2021. All rights reserved
Published: 2021

20. Host Phenology and Geography as Drivers of Differentiation in Generalist Fungal Mycoparasites

Author: Hyeon Dong Shin, Tatiana Giraud, Alexandra Pintye, Nicholas C. Harvey, Levente Kiss, Philippe C. Nicot, Jeanne Ropars, Christel Leyronas, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genetic Marker Services, Partenaires INRAE, Korea University [Seoul], Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA NN100415, Janos Bolyai Research Fellowship, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Giraud, Tatiana, and Kiss, Levente
Subjects: mycoparasitisme, Biodiversité et Ecologie, lcsh:Medicine, champignon phytopathogène, Generalist and specialist species, différenciation génétique, Linkage Disequilibrium, DNA, Fungal, lcsh:Science, pathologie végétale, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Mildew, biology, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Fungal genetics, food and beverages, Plants, pays européen, Agricultural sciences, dynamique des populations, pomme, marqueur microsatellite, Sympatric speciation, Powdery mildew, Research Article, Zoology, Biodiversity and Ecology, Ascomycota, Genetic variation, oïdium, Plant Diseases, Host (biology), lcsh:R, fungi, interaction hôte pathogène, Genetic Variation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, maladie des plantes, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, évolution génétique des populations, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, agent de lutte biologique, Sciences agricoles, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract: International audience; The question as to why parasites remain generalist or become specialist is a key unresolved question in evolutionary biology. Ampelomyces spp., intracellular mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi, which are themselves plant pathogens, are a useful model for studies of this issue. Ampelomyces is used for the biological control of mildew. Differences in mycohost phenology promote temporal isolation between sympatric Ampelomyces mycoparasites. Apple powdery mildew (APM) causes spring epidemics, whereas other powdery mildew species on plants other than apple cause epidemics later in the season. This has resulted in genetic differentiation between APM and non-APM strains. It is unclear whether there is genetic differentiation between non-APM Ampelomyces lineages due to their specialization on different mycohosts. We used microsatellites to address this question and found no significant differentiation between non-APM Ampelomyces strains from different mycohosts or host plants, but strong differentiation between APM and non-APM strains. A geographical structure was revealed in both groups, with differences between European countries, demonstrating restricted dispersal at the continent scale and a high resolution for our markers. We found footprints of recombination in both groups, possibly more frequent in the APM cluster. Overall, Ampelomyces thus appears to be one of the rare genuine generalist pathogenic fungi able to parasitize multiple hosts in natural populations. It is therefore an excellent model for studying the evolution of pathogens towards a generalist rather than host-specific strategy, particularly in light of the tritrophic interaction between Ampelomyces mycoparasites, their powdery mildew fungal hosts and the mildew host plants.
Published: 2015

21. Signs of late infall and possible planet formation around DR Tau using VLT/SPHERE and LBTI/LMIRCam

Author: D. Mesa, C. Ginski, R. Gratton, S. Ertel, K. Wagner, M. Bonavita, D. Fedele, M. Meyer, T. Henning, M. Langlois, A. Garufi, S. Antoniucci, R. Claudi, D. Defrère, S. Desidera, M. Janson, N. Pawellek, E. Rigliaco, V. Squicciarini, A. Zurlo, A. Boccaletti, M. Bonnefoy, F. Cantalloube, G. Chauvin, M. Feldt, J. Hagelberg, E. Hugot, A.-M. Lagrange, C. Lazzoni, D. Maurel, C. Perrot, C. Petit, D. Rouan, A. Vigan, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Large Binocular Telescope Observatory [Tucson] (LBTO), Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, University of Edinburgh, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics [ETH Zürich] (IPA), Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Stockholm University, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universidad de Valparaiso [Chile], DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, This work has made use of the SPHERE Data Center, jointly operated by OSUG/IPAG (Grenoble), PYTHEAS/LAM/CeSAM (Marseille), OCA/Lagrange (Nice) and Observatoire de Paris/LESIA (Paris). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work was supported by the PRIN-INAF 2019 Planetary Systems At Early Ages (PLATEA). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. D.M., R.G., S.D., A.Z. acknowledge support from the 'Progetti Premiali' funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research. A.Z. acknowledges support from the CONICYT + PAI/Convocatoria nacional subvención a la instalación en la academia, convocatoria 2017 + Folio PAI77170087. A.M. acknowledges the support of the DFG priority program SPP 1992 'Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets' (MU 4172/1-1). C.P. acknowledges financial support from Fondecyt (grant 3 190 691) and financial support from the ICM (Iniciativa Científica Milenio) via the Núcleo Milenio de Formación Planetaria grant, from the Universidad de Valparaíso. T.H. acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Framework Program via the ERC Advanced Grant Origins 83 24 28. SPHERE is an instrument designed and built by a consortium consisting of IPAG (Grenoble, France), MPIA (Heidelberg, Germany), LAM (Marseille, France), LESIA (Paris, France), Laboratoire Lagrange (Nice, France), INAF-Osservatorio di Padova (Italy), Observatoire de Genève (Switzerland), ETH Zurich (Switzerland), NOVA (Netherlands), ONERA (France) and ASTRON (Netherlands), in collaboration with ESO. SPHERE was funded by ESO, with additional contributions from CNRS (France), MPIA (Germany), INAF (Italy), FINES (Switzerland) and NOVA (Netherlands). SPHERE also received funding from the European Commission Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes as part of the Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy (OPTICON) under grant number RII3-Ct-2004-001566 for FP6 (2004–2008), grant number 226604 for FP7 (2009–2012) and grant number 312430 for FP7 (2013–2016). The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy and Germany. LBT Corporation partners are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona Board of Regents, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy, LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max-Planck Society, The Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam, and Heidelberg University, The Ohio State University, representing OSU, University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. The results reported herein benefited from collaborations and/or information exchange within NASA’s Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network sponsored by NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. K.W. acknowledges support from NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51472.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26 555., European Project: 832428, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'interaction du rayonnement X avec la matière (LIXAM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Adaptive optics -instrumentation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Imaging spectroscopy, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Data analysis - methods, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. Protoplanetary disks around young stars often contain substructures like rings, gaps, and spirals that could be caused by interactions between the disk and forming planets. Aims. We aim to study the young (1-3 Myr) star DR Tau in the near-infrared and characterize its disk, which was previously resolved through sub-millimeter interferometry with ALMA, and to search for possible sub-stellar companions embedded into it. Methods. We observed DR Tau with VLT/SPHERE both in polarized light (H broad band) and total intensity (in Y, J, H, and K spectral bands). We also performed L' band observations with LBTI/LMIRCam on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Results. We found two previously undetected spirals extending north-east and south of the star, respectively. We further detected an arc-like structure north of the star. Finally a bright, compact and elongated structure was detected at separation of 303 +/- 10 mas and position angle 21.2 +/- 3.7 degrees, just at the root of the north-east spiral arm. Since this feature is visible both in polarized light and in total intensity and has a flat spectrum it is likely caused by stellar light scattered by dust. Conclusions. The two spiral arms are at different separation from the star, have very different pitch angles, and are separated by an apparent discontinuity, suggesting they might have a different origin. The very open southern spiral arm might be caused by infalling material from late encounters with cloudlets into the formation environment of the star itself. The compact feature could be caused by interaction with a planet in formation still embedded in its dust envelope and it could be responsible for launching the north-east spiral. We estimate a mass of the putative embedded object of the order of few M_Jup ., 13 pages, 11 Figures. Accepted for publications on A&A
Published: 2022

22. Disordered-Ordered Protein Binary Classification by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy

Author: András Micsonai, Éva Moussong, Nikoletta Murvai, Ágnes Tantos, Orsolya Toke, Matthieu Réfrégiers, Frank Wien, József Kardos, Refregiers, Matthieu, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, machine learning, disorder identifier, Biophysics, CD spectroscopy, [SDV.BBM.BP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, intrinsically disordered proteins, protein secondary structure, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, disorder-order classification
Abstract: Intrinsically disordered proteins lack a stable tertiary structure and form dynamic conformational ensembles due to their characteristic physicochemical properties and amino acid composition. They are abundant in nature and responsible for a large variety of cellular functions. While numerous bioinformatics tools have been developed for in silico disorder prediction in the last decades, there is a need for experimental methods to verify the disordered state. CD spectroscopy is widely used for protein secondary structure analysis. It is usable in a wide concentration range under various buffer conditions. Even without providing high-resolution information, it is especially useful when NMR, X-ray, or other techniques are problematic or one simply needs a fast technique to verify the structure of proteins. Here, we propose an automatized binary disorder–order classification method by analyzing far-UV CD spectroscopy data. The method needs CD data at only three wavelength points, making high-throughput data collection possible. The mathematical analysis applies the k-nearest neighbor algorithm with cosine distance function, which is independent of the spectral amplitude and thus free of concentration determination errors. Moreover, the method can be used even for strong absorbing samples, such as the case of crowded environmental conditions, if the spectrum can be recorded down to the wavelength of 212 nm. We believe the classification method will be useful in identifying disorder and will also facilitate the growth of experimental data in IDP databases. The method is implemented on a webserver and freely available for academic users.
Published: 2022

23. MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared imaging spectro-interferometer

Author: Lopez, B., Lagarde, S., Petrov, R.G., Jaffe, W., Antonelli, P., Allouche, F., Berio, P., Matter, A., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Robbe-Dubois, S., Henning, T., Weigelt, G., Glindemann, A., Agocs, T., Bailet, C., Beckmann, U., Bettonvil, F., Boekel, R. van, Bourget, P., Bresson, Y., Bristow, P., Cruzalèbes, P., Eldswijk, E., Fanteï Caujolle, Y., González Herrera, J.C., Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Heininger, M., Hofmann, K.H., Kroes, G., Laun, W., Lehmitz, M., Leinert, C., Meisenheimer, K., Morel, S., Neumann, U., Paladini, C., Percheron, I., Riquelme, M., Schoeller, M., Stee, P., Venema, L., Woillez, J., Zins, G., Ábrahám, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Alonso, J., Augereau, J.-C., Böhm, A., Bazin, G., Beltran, J., Bensberg, A., Boland, W., Brast, R., Burtscher, L., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J.-M., Connot, C., Conzelmann, R.D., Danchi, W.C., Delbo, M., Drevon, J., Dominik, C., Duin, A. van, Ebert, M., Eisenhauer, F., Flament, S., Frahm, R., Gámez Rosas, V., Gabasch, A., Gallenne, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Glazenborg, A., Gonté, F.Y.J., Guitton, F., Haan, M. de, Hanenburg, H., Haubois, X., Hocdé, V., Hogerheijde, M., Horst, R. ter, Hron, J., Hummel, C.A., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Idserda, J., Isbell, J.W., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jaskó, A., Jochum, L., Klarmann, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kuindersma, S., Kokoulina, E., Labadie, L., Lacour, S., Leftley, J., Le Poole, R., Lizon, J.L., Lopez, M., Lykou, F., Mérand, A., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L.H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Menut, J.L., Mohr, L., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Nußbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pantin, E., Pasquini, L., Phan Duc, T., Pott, J.U., Pozna, E., Richichi, A., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Rivinius, T., Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R.-R., Rousseau, S., Salabert, D., Schertl, D., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Shabun, K., Soulain, A., Stephan, C., Toledo, P., Tristram, K., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., Varga, J., Vinther, J., Waters, L.B.F.M., Wittkowski, M., Wolf, S., Wrhel, F., Yoffe, G., Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables (CDER), Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique [Algérie] (MESRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), European Southern Observatory Headquarters, NOVA Optical IR Instrumentation Group, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Kiel University, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - UAR 3290 (MSAP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], médialab (Sciences Po) (médialab), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École, mutations, apprentissages (EMA), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Zselic Park of Stars, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Hematology, Instituto Superiore di Sanita Roma, Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Institut National du Cancer [Boulogne Billancourt] (INC), and Radboud University [Nijmegen]
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomy, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Space and Planetary Science, instrumentation: high angular resolution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, methods: observational, instrumentation: interferometers, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: Context:Optical interferometry is at a key development stage. ESO's VLTI has established a stable, robust infrastructure for long-baseline interferometry for general astronomical observers. The present second-generation instruments offer a wide wavelength coverage and improved performance. Their sensitivity and measurement accuracy lead to data and images of high reliability. Aims:We have developed MATISSE, the Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment, to access high resolution imaging in a wide spectral domain and explore topics such: stellar activity and mass loss; planet formation and evolution in the gas and dust disks around young stars; accretion processes around super massive black holes in AGN. Methods:The instrument is a spectro-interferometric imager covering three atmospheric bands (L,M,N) from 2.8 to 13.0 mu, combining four optical beams from the VLTI's telscopes. Its concept, related observing procedure, data reduction and calibration approach are the product of 30 years of instrumental research. The instrument utilizes a multi-axial beam combination that delivers spectrally dispersed fringes. The signal provides the following quantities at several spectral resolutions: photometric flux, coherent fluxes, visibilities, closure phases, wavelength differential visibilities and phases, and aperture-synthesis imaging. Results:We provide an overview of the physical principle of the instrument and its functionalities, the characteristics of the delivered signal, a description of the observing modes and of their performance limits. An ensemble of data and reconstructed images are illustrating the first acquired key observations. Conclusion:The instrument has been in operation at Cerro Paranal, ESO, Chile since 2018, and has been open for science use by the international community since April 2019. The first scientific results are being published now., 24 pages, 26 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2022

24. An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic pesticides. Part 4: Alternatives in major cropping systems

Author: C. Avilla, Lorenzo Furlan, Jozsef Kiss, Xuan Vi Le, Hagus Tarno, Ivan Milosavljević, Xavier Pons, Aunu Rauf, Ewa Matyjaszczyk, Stefan Vidal, Andrea Veres, Wenwu Zhou, Jonathan G. Lundgren, Ferenc Tóth, Maarten Bijleveld van Lexmond, Alexandre Aebi, Giovanni Burgio, Buyung A.R. Hadi, Jean-Marc Bonmatin, Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Jaka Razinger, Renata Bazok, Zeng-Rong Zhu, Veres A., Wyckhuys K.A.G., Kiss J., Toth F., Burgio G., Pons X., Avilla C., Vidal S., Razinger J., Bazok R., Matyjaszczyk E., Milosavljevic I., Le X.V., Zhou W., Zhu Z.-R., Tarno H., Hadi B., Lundgren J., Bonmatin J.-M., van Lexmond M.B., Aebi A., Rauf A., Furlan L., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Universitat de Lleida, University of Sevilla, University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, IPP ( Institute of Plant Protection ), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), University of Neuchatel, Bogor Agricultural University - IPB (INDONESIA), and Veneto Agricoltura
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Pesticide application, Review Article, 010501 environmental sciences, Soil pests, 01 natural sciences, Neonicotinoids, Aphis gossypii, Neonicotinoid, Biological controlReview Article, Aphid, Insecticide, 2. Zero hunger, biology, General Medicine, Agricultural policy, Whitefly, Pollution, Europe, Geography, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Biological control, Brown planthopper, Agriotes, Asia, Neonicotinoids, Soil pests, Aphids, Whitefly, Brown planthopper, Agricultural policy, IPM, Biological control, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Pesticides, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Animal, business.industry, Pest control, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Biotechnology, 010602 entomology, Western corn rootworm, Aphids, North America, Soil pest, IPM, business, Cropping
Abstract: We present a synthetic review and expert consultation that assesses the actual risks posed by arthropod pests in four major crops, identifies targets for integrated pest management (IPM) in terms of cultivated land needing pest control and gauges the implementation “readiness” of non-chemical alternatives. Our assessment focuses on the world’s primary target pests for neonicotinoid-based management: western corn rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) in maize; wireworms (Agriotes spp.) in maize and winter wheat; bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) in winter wheat; brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) in rice; cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and silver-leaf whitefly (SLW, Bemisia tabaci) in cotton. First, we queried scientific literature databases and consulted experts from different countries in Europe, North America, and Asia about available IPM tools for each crop-pest system. Next, using an online survey, we quantitatively assessed the economic relevance of target pests by compiling country-level records of crop damage, yield impacts, extent of insecticide usage, and “readiness” status of various pest management alternatives (i.e., research, plot-scale validation, grower-uptake). Biological control received considerable scientific attention, while agronomic strategies (e.g., crop rotation), insurance schemes, decision support systems (DSS), and innovative pesticide application modes were listed as key alternatives. Our study identifies opportunities to advance applied research, IPM technology validation, and grower education to halt or drastically reduce our over-reliance on systemic insecticides globally. he authors would like to thank the Stichting Triodos Foundation (The Netherlands) for funding the Task Force on Systemic Pesticides (TFSP) as a totally independent research group, for making this study and the relative open access possible. The Stichting Triodos Foundation received funds from the Umwelt Stiftung Greenpeace (Germany), Pollinis (France) and the M.A.O.C. Gravin van Bylandt Stichting (The Netherlands).
Published: 2020

25. Pièces foliacées fracturées du gisement de Sajóbábony (montagne de Bükk, Hongrie) : fonctions du site et/ou signature culturelle des néandertaliens ?

Author: Lamotte, Agnès, Mester, Zs., Ringer, A., Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Université de Miskolc, Arpad Ringer, and A.Ringer
Subjects: Hungary, fracturation, Sajobabony, leafpoints, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; In the study of a lithic assemblage, the fractured pieces are just as important as whole or unbroken artifacts. When we devote time to the source of the artifact fracture in an assemblage, we are trying to determine between typology, technology, quality of raw materials but also the skill or cultural legacy of the Neanderthals. The relevant criteria in our study are based on the morphology of the fractures (rectilinear, angular, convex, concave, mixed and irregular), the direction of the fracture (transverse, parallel, oblique), and where on the tool the fracture is located. Whatever the fractures are, they leave waves very specific to each situation. By analysing fracture patterns and other typological, technological and techno-economic characteristics, we are able to measure the relative frequencies of these 3 consequences : fracture as a result of poor quality raw material, fracture through use, or deliberate, intentional fracturing by man as a cultural criteria. We apply this analysis/method to the site of Sajóbábony (eponymous site of the Bábonien) where whole leafpoints are present as well as numerous broken leafpoints (excavations of 1986-87-1991 (dir. A. Ringer, Ringer & Adams, new excavation of 2019-2022 A.Lamotte & Zs. Mester). About 50 pieces help us to build our demonstration of fracture pattern, with a special focus on whether intentional fracture is a legacy of neanderthals from Central Europe.
Published: 2021

26. Exploring the Significance of the Exon 4-Skipping Isoform of the ZNF217 Oncogene in Breast Cancer

Author: Bellanger, Aurélie, Le, Diep, Vendrell, Julie, Wierinckx, Anne, Pongor, Lőrinc, Solassol, Jérôme, Lachuer, Joël, Clezardin, Philippe, Győrffy, Balázs, Cohen, Pascale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie, diagnostic et traitements des maladies osseuses / Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Bone Diseases (LYOS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Santé Lyon Est - Louis Léopold Ollier, Semmelweis University [Budapest], Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Retiveau, Nolwenn
Subjects: breast cancer, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Oncology, splice variant, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], ZNF217, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, isoform, prognosis, Brief Research Report
Abstract: International audience; Oncogene alternative splicing events can create distinct functional transcripts that offer new candidate prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer. ZNF217 is a well-established oncogene but its exon 4-skipping isoform (ZNF217-ΔE4) has never been investigated in terms of clinical or biological relevance. Using in silico RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses, we demonstrated for the first time the existence of ZNF217-ΔE4 transcripts in primary breast tumors, and a positive correlation between ZNF217-ΔE4 mRNA levels and those of the wild-type oncogene ( ZNF217-WT ). A pilot retrospective analysis revealed that, in the Luminal subclass, the combination of the two ZNF217 variants (the ZNF217-ΔE4-WT gene-expression signature) provided more information than the mRNA expression levels of each isoform alone. Ectopic overexpression of ZNF217-ΔE4 in breast cancer cells promoted an aggressive phenotype and an increase in ZNF217-WT expression levels that was inversely correlated with DNA methylation of the ZNF217 gene. This study provides new insights into the possible role of the ZNF217-ΔE4 splice variant in breast cancer and suggests a close interplay between the ZNF217-WT and ZNF217-ΔE4 isoforms. Our data suggest that a dual signature combining the expression levels of these two isoforms may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker allowing better stratification of breast cancers with good prognosis and aiding clinicians in therapeutic decisions.
Published: 2021

27. Single cell regulatory landscape of the mouse kidney highlights cellular differentiation programs and disease targets

Author: Hongbo Liu, Junhyong Kim, Zhen Miao, Ziyuan Ma, Michael S. Balzer, Junnan Wu, Ayano Kondo, Rojesh Shrestha, Mingyao Li, Katalin Susztak, Klaus H. Kaestner, Marco Pontoglio, Tamás Arányi, Amy Kwan, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epigenomics, Cellular differentiation, Organogenesis, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Cell Communication, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Chromatin remodeling, Article, Gene regulatory networks, Epigenesis, Genetic, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Single-cell analysis, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Animals, Humans, Epigenetics, RNA-Seq, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Tissue homeostasis, Regulation of gene expression, Multidisciplinary, Podocytes, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Differentiation, Forkhead Transcription Factors, General Chemistry, Nephrons, Chromatin, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4, Transcription Factor AP-2, Genetic Loci, Differentiation, Data integration, Single-Cell Analysis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Determining the epigenetic program that generates unique cell types in the kidney is critical for understanding cell-type heterogeneity during tissue homeostasis and injury response. Here, we profile open chromatin and gene expression in developing and adult mouse kidneys at single cell resolution. We show critical reliance of gene expression on distal regulatory elements (enhancers). We reveal key cell type-specific transcription factors and major gene-regulatory circuits for kidney cells. Dynamic chromatin and expression changes during nephron progenitor differentiation demonstrates that podocyte commitment occurs early and is associated with sustained Foxl1 expression. Renal tubule cells follow a more complex differentiation, where Hfn4a is associated with proximal and Tfap2b with distal fate. Mapping single nucleotide variants associated with human kidney disease implicates critical cell types, developmental stages, genes, and regulatory mechanisms. The single cell multi-omics atlas reveals key chromatin remodeling events and gene expression dynamics associated with kidney development., Epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics are critical for both tissue homeostasis and injury response in the kidney. Leveraging a single cell multiomics atlas of the developing mouse kidney, the authors reveal key events in chromatin regulation and gene expression dynamics during postnatal development.
Published: 2021

28. Bilobate comet morphology and internal structure controlled by shear deformation

Author: Carsten Güttler, F. Preusker, Dennis Bodewits, Alice Lucchetti, Philippe Lamy, J.-B. Vincent, H. U. Keller, D. Nébouy, Björn Davidsson, A. T. Auger, Matteo Massironi, Stefano Debei, Cecilia Tubiana, F. La Forgia, Stubbe F. Hviid, Hans Rickman, M. De Cecco, Luca Penasa, M. A. Barucci, L. M. Lara, Nilda Oklay, C. Matonti, Nicholas Attree, J. L. Bertaux, Olivier Groussin, Sophie Viseur, Monica Lazzarin, Maurizio Pajola, Imre Toth, Francesco Marzari, Ivano Bertini, R. Rodrigo, Jakob Deller, Sylvain Bouley, Sonia Fornasier, Holger Sierks, V. Da Deppo, J. J. Lopez-Moreno, Wing-Huen Ip, Laurent Jorda, Giampiero Naletto, G. Cremonese, Frank Scholten, Marco Fulle, Xian Shi, Stefano Mottola, P. J. Gutierrez, Detlef Koschny, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Natural Sciences [Stirling], University of Stirling, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Auburn], Auburn University (AU), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], University of Trento [Trento], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), national funding agency of Germany (DLR), national funding agency of France (CNES), national funding agency of Italy (ASI), national funding agency of Spain (MEC), national funding agency of Sweden (SNSB), ESA Technical Directorate, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), IMPEC - LATMOS, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Solar System, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 3d analysis, Comet, Geophysics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, rosetta, Shear (geology), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sublimation (phase transition), Water ice, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Earth and Planetary Sciences (all), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Bilobate comets—small icy bodies with two distinct lobes—are a common configuration among comets, but the factors shaping these bodies are largely unknown. Cometary nuclei, the solid centres of comets, erode by ice sublimation when they are sufficiently close to the Sun, but the importance of a comet’s internal structure on its erosion is unclear. Here we present three-dimensional analyses of images from the Rosetta mission to illuminate the process that shaped the Jupiter-family bilobate comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko over billions of years. We show that the comet’s surface and interior exhibit shear-fracture and fault networks, on spatial scales of tens to hundreds of metres. Fractures propagate up to 500 m below the surface through a mechanically homogeneous material. Through fracture network analysis and stress modelling, we show that shear deformation generates fracture networks that control mechanical surface erosion, particularly in the strongly marked neck trough of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, exposing its interior. We conclude that shear deformation shapes and structures the surface and interior of bilobate comets, particularly in the outer Solar System where water ice sublimation is negligible. The shape and internal structure of bilobate comet 67P is controlled by shear deformation inducing mechanically driven erosion along shear fracture networks, according to a 3D analysis of images from the Rosetta mission.
Published: 2019

29. Local order in binary Ge-Te glasses – An experimental study

Author: Jacques Darpentigny, Ivan Kaban, Ildikó Pethes, Štefan Michalik, Annie Pradel, Andrea Piarristeguy, Pál Jóvári, Roman Chernikov, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics [Budapest], Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Leibniz Association, DIAMOND Light source, LLB - Matière molle et biophysique (MMB), Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB - UMR 12), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Neutron diffraction, exafs, diffraction, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Reverse Monte Carlo, 010402 general chemistry, Radial distribution function, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, modelling, Physics - Chemical Physics, Atom, Materials Chemistry, Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), Quenching, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Extended X-ray absorption fine structure, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), telluride glass, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, simulation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, ddc:540, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Journal of alloys and compounds 771, 268 - 273 (2019). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.323, The structure of GexTe100-x (x = 14.5, 18.7, 23.6) glasses prepared by twin roller quenching technique was investigated by neutron diffraction, X-ray diffraction and Ge-K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements. Large scale structural models were obtained for each composition by fitting the experimental datasets in the framework of the reverse Monte Carlo technique. It was found that the majority of Ge and Te atoms satisfy the 8-N rule. Simulation results indicate that Ge-Ge bonding is not significant for x = 14.5 and 18.7. The shape and position of the first peak of the Ge-Ge partial pair correlation function evidence the presence of corner sharing tetrahedra already in compositions (x = 14.5 and 18.7) where ’sharing’ of a Te atom by two Ge atoms could be avoided due to the low concentration of Ge., Published by ScienceDirect, Amsterdam [u.a.]
Published: 2019

30. The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?

Author: William C. Danchi, Luca Pasquini, Lars Venema, Leonard Burtscher, Josef Hron, Markus Wittkowski, J. Beltran, H. Méheut, Antoine Mérand, Sylvie Robbe-Dubois, A. Jaskó, Th. Henning, Farrokh Vakili, F. Guitton, Anthony Meilland, J. Vinther, Carsten Dominik, A. Gabasch, S. Rousseau, E. Kokoulina, M. Ebert, P. Antonelli, J.-U. Pott, N. Tromp, J.-L. Lizon, F. Rigal, J. Kragt, Markus Schöller, Ronald Roelfsema, Romain Petrov, L. Klarmann, P. Guajardo, Karl Heinz Hofmann, R. Frahm, Klaus Meisenheimer, Alexis Matter, F. Wrhel, Nicolas Schuhler, Gerd Jakob, Gerd Weigelt, Ph. Stee, Laurent Pallanca, A. Marcotto, Pierre Cruzalèbes, A. Chelli, I. Percheron, J. C. González Herrera, Andreas Glindemann, Claudia Paladini, Jean-Michel Clausse, M. de Haan, Eddy Elswijk, K. Meixner, Felix Bettonvil, S. Morel, R. Castillo, Uwe Graser, E. Nußbaum, Paul Bristow, Péter Ábrahám, J. W. Isbell, Eric Pantin, T. Maurer, R. ter Horst, Bruno Lopez, R. van Boekel, T. Adler, A. van Duin, L. Mosoni, Alexandre Gallenne, Udo Neumann, Ralf Conzelmann, Jean-Charles Augereau, Yves Bresson, Ramón Navarro, Norbert Hubin, M. Accardo, E. Garces, F. Allouche, Julien Woillez, Th. Rivinius, Y. Fantei, S. Abadie, A. Ridinger, Derek Ives, F. Donnan, G. Bazin, Ralf Klein, Udo Beckmann, M. Mellein, Roberto Abuter, Eszter Pozna, Sebastian Wolf, Tibor Agócs, J. Meisner, D. Schertl, L. Mohr, Marcelo Lopez, L. Jochum, Ralf-Rainer Rohloff, C. Connot, A. Soulain, Claudia Cid, W. Laun, C. Stephan, M. Heininger, R. Brast, V. Gámez Rosas, W. Boland, Michiel R. Hogerheijde, Ph. Berio, Marco Delbo, Christoph Leinert, S. Kuindersma, L. Labadie, A. Böhm, Xavier Haubois, N. Mauclert, Leander Mehrgan, F. Y. J. Gonté, M. Schuil, L. B. F. M. Waters, G. Zins, P. Bourget, R. S. Le Poole, P. Girard, M. Riquelme, József Varga, Florentin Millour, Stephane Lagarde, Walter Jaffe, R. Huerta, M. Lehmitz, G. Kroes, G. Yoffe, C. Bailet, foreign laboratories (FL), CERN [Genève], Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Anton Pannenkoek Institute for Astronomy [University of Amsterdam], Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Brightness, Interferometric, Astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomical unit, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Instability, 0103 physical sciences, Surface brightness, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Pre-Main Sequence, Protoplanetary Disks, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Research Programm of Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Position angle, Stars, Techniques, Vortex, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Azimuth, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Circumstellar Matter, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Infrared, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. The inner few au region of planet-forming disks is a complex environment. High angular resolution observations have a key role in understanding the disk structure and the dynamical processes at work. Aims. In this study we aim to characterize the mid-infrared brightness distribution of the inner disk of the young intermediate-mass star HD 163296, from VLTI/MATISSE observations. Methods. We use geometric models to fit the data. Our models include a smoothed ring, a flat disk with inner cavity, and a 2D Gaussian. The models can account for disk inclination and for azimuthal asymmetries as well. We also perform numerical hydro-dynamical simulations of the inner edge of the disk. Results. Our modeling reveals a significant brightness asymmetry in the L-band disk emission. The brightness maximum of the asymmetry is located at the NW part of the disk image, nearly at the position angle of the semimajor axis. The surface brightness ratio in the azimuthal variation is $3.5 \pm 0.2$. Comparing our result on the location of the asymmetry with other interferometric measurements, we confirm that the morphology of the $r, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2021

31. Andreev molecule in parallel InAs nanowires

Author: Péter Makk, Jesper Nygård, Zoltán Scherübl, Thomas Kanne, Olivér Kürtössy, Szabolcs Csonka, István Endre Lukács, Gergő Fülöp, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and University of Basel (Unibas)
Subjects: Letter, Nanowire, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Delocalized electron, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), SUPERCONDUCTOR, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, hybridization, Quantum tunnelling, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Superconductivity, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Mechanical Engineering, superconductivity, General Chemistry, Yu-Shiba-Rusinov, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Andreev molecule, MAJORANA, STATES, nanowire, State of matter, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Coupling individual atoms via tunneling fundamentally changes the state of matter: electrons bound to atomic cores become delocalized resulting in a change from an insulating to a metallic state, as it is well known from the canonical example of solids. A chain of atoms could lead to more exotic states if the tunneling takes place via the superconducting vacuum and can induce topologically protected excitations like Majorana or parafermions. Toward the realization of such artificial chains, coupling a single atom to the superconducting vacuum is well studied, but the hybridization of two sites via the superconductor was not yet reported. The peculiar vacuum of the BCS condensate opens the way to annihilate or generate two electrons from the bulk resulting in a so-called Andreev molecular state. By employing parallel nanowires with an Al superconductor shell, two artificial atoms were created at a minimal distance with an epitaxial superconducting link between. Hybridization via the BCS vacuum was observed between the two artificial atoms for the first time, as a demonstration of an Andreev molecular state., Comment: References were updated
Published: 2021
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32. Designing farmer-acceptable rotations that assure ecosystem service provision in the face of climate change

Author: Bohan, David, Schmucki, Reto, Abay, Abrha, Termansen, Mette, Bane, Miranda, Charalabidis, Alice, Cong, Rong-Gang, Derocles, Stephane A.P., Dorner, Zita, FORSTER, Matthieu, Gibert, Caroline, Harrower, Colin, Oudoire, Geoffroy, Therond, Olivier, Young, Juliette, Zalai, Mihály, Pocock, Michael J.O., Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Environmental Science [Roskilde] (ENVS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), School of Biological Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Agro-écologie, Hydrogéochimie, Milieux et Ressources (AGHYLE), UniLaSalle, Association Solagro (Solagro), ARVALIS - Institut du Végétal [Ouzouer le Marché] (ARVALIS), ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bohan, D. A. Vanbergen, A. J., UK Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Maclean Bldg, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England., Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Solagro [TOULOUSE], Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
Subjects: farmer behaviour, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Agriculture and Soil Science, ecological function, [SDV.SA.STA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, cropping practice, landscape, Ecology and Environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; We believe that approaches to landscape modification should explicitly include farmers, given their understanding of landscape management practices, and consider climate change, so that the landscapes are designed for future environmental conditions. Climate change is an existential threat to farmers and current patterns of arable agriculture, leading to increases in the variability of agricultural productivity and crop failure. The performance of many of the crops that are currently highly productive will decline significantly and the geographical envelopes within which these crops can be grown are expected to shift northwards in Europe. Farmers will likely be faced with a choice: either leave farming or modify the crops that are grown, adopting new cultivars or species able to be cultivated profitably under future climatic conditions. We hypothesised that farmers do not adopt new crops or cultivars individually but use crops within sequences, called rotations, which are agronomically well understood. We know from past research that changes to rotations will lead to changes in biodiversity and the ecosystem services furnished by farmland, both within a field and at landscape scales. Here, we show how we might: use farmer knowledge of crop agronomy to propose future crop rotations in the light of climate change predictions; model these crop rotations to estimate likely effects on economy, biodiversity and ecosystem services; and validate these predictions through empirical study in regions where the rotations are already used. A workflow of co-development would have the benefit of generating practical rotations built on farmer knowledge and demonstrate empirically the predicted economic and ecological effects, markedly increasing the likely credibility of the results for farmers. Such a methodology has the potential to transform future sustainable agricultural
Published: 2021

33. Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Author: Walker, Peter J, Siddell, Stuart G, Lefkowitz, Elliot J, Mushegian, Arcady R, Adriaenssens, Evelien M, Alfenas-Zerbini, Poliane, Davison, Andrew J, Dempsey, Donald M, Dutilh, Bas E, García, María Laura, Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L, Hendrickson, R Curtis, Junglen, Sandra, Knowles, Nick J, Krupovic, Mart, Kuhn, Jens H, Lambert, Amy J, Łobocka, Małgorzata, Nibert, Max L, Oksanen, Hanna M, Orton, Richard J, Robertson, David L, Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Smith, Donald B, Suzuki, Nobuhiro, Van Dooerslaer, Koenraad, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, Francisco Murilo, Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), TB, HIV and opportunistic diseases and pathogens (THOP), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Quadram Institute Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of Helsinki, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), UOS Torino, Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford [Oxford], Okayama University, University of Arizona, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges funding by the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. A.J.D. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN128309). N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer. This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not constitute endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. H.M.O was supported by the University of Helsinki and Academy of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC. D.L.R. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_1201412). R.J.O. and D.B.S. are supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT108418AIA). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Except for Donald M. Dempsey, R. Curtis Hendrickson, Richard J. Orton and Donald B. Smith, the authors were members of the ICTV Executive Committee during the relevant period. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services, or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors., Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), The Pirbright Institute, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, and Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme
Subjects: International Cooperation, education, virus, Viroids/classification, Viruses, Unclassified/classification, MESH: Viruses, ICTV, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Virology, Taverne, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, SDG 15 - Life on Land, 11832 Microbiology and virology, 0303 health sciences, Unclassified/classification, Code, 030306 microbiology, Viruses/classification, General Medicine, Classification, Viroids, 3. Good health, MESH: Viroids, MESH: Classification, MESH: International Cooperation, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, MESH: Viruses, Unclassified, Viruses, Unclassified, Classification/methods
Abstract: Funding Information: E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges funding by the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. A.J.D. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN128309). N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer. This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not constitute endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. H.M.O was supported by the University of Helsinki and Academy of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC. D.L.R. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_1201412). R.J.O. and D.B.S. are supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT108418AIA). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Except for Donald M. Dempsey, R. Curtis Hendrickson, Richard J. Orton and Donald B. Smith, the authors were members of the ICTV Executive Committee during the relevant period. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services, or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply. This article reports the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in March 2021. The entire ICTV was invited to vote on 290 taxonomic proposals approved by the ICTV Executive Committee at its meeting in October 2020, as well as on the proposed revision of the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN). All proposals and the revision were ratified by an absolute majority of the ICTV members. Of note, ICTV mandated a uniform rule for virus species naming, which will follow the binomial 'genus-species' format with or without Latinized species epithets. The Study Groups are requested to convert all previously established species names to the new format. ICTV has also abolished the notion of a type species, i.e., a species chosen to serve as a name-bearing type of a virus genus. The remit of ICTV has been clarified through an official definition of ‘virus’ and several other types of mobile genetic elements. The ICVCN and ICTV Statutes have been amended to reflect these changes. publishersversion inpress
Published: 2021

34. Plasma Upflows Induced by Magnetic Reconnection Above an Eruptive Flux Rope

Author: Deborah Baker, David Long, Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi, David H. Brooks, Teodora Mihailescu, Lucie M. Green, Gherardo Valori, Pascal Démoulin, Miho Janvier, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, George Mason University [Fairfax], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), Field line, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, velocity field, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Active regions, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Pressure gradient, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Plasma, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, observational signatures, broadening, Flare, Rope, Spectral line
Abstract: One of the major discoveries of Hinode’s Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) is the presence of upflows at the edges of active regions. As active regions are magnetically connected to the large-scale field of the corona, these upflows are a likely contributor to the global mass cycle in the corona. Here we examine the driving mechanism(s) of the very strong upflows with velocities in excess of 70 km s−1, known as blue-wing asymmetries, observed during the eruption of a flux rope in AR 10977 (eruptive flare SOL2007-12-07T04:50). We use Hinode/EIS spectroscopic observations combined with magnetic-field modeling to investigate the possible link between the magnetic topology of the active region and the strong upflows. A Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) extrapolation of the large-scale field shows a quadrupolar configuration with a separator lying above the flux rope. Field lines formed by induced reconnection along the separator before and during the flux-rope eruption are spatially linked to the strongest blue-wing asymmetries in the upflow regions. The flows are driven by the pressure gradient created when the dense and hot arcade loops of the active region reconnect with the extended and tenuous loops overlying it. In view of the fact that separator reconnection is a specific form of the more general quasi-separatrix (QSL) reconnection, we conclude that the mechanism driving the strongest upflows is, in fact, the same as the one driving the persistent upflows of ≈10 – 20 km s−1 observed in all active regions.
Published: 2021

35. TESS observations of Cepheid stars: first light results

Author: Vincenzo Ripepi, M. J. Kalaee, Nicolas Nardetto, James M. Nemec, Laszlo Szabados, László Molnár, Dogus Ozuyar, Emese Plachy, Marek Skarka, M. Ebadi, Roland Vanderspek, Bogumił Pilecki, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. Pascual-Granado, M. I. Jurkovic, George R. Ricker, Kosmas Gazeas, P. Mikołajczyk, Á. Sódor, Pál Szabó, Radosław Smolec, Róbert Szabó, Anupam Bhardwaj, Earl P. Bellinger, Amir Hasanzadeh, Henryka Netzel, Franz-Josef Hambsch, András Pál, A. Bódi, Jon M. Jenkins, József Benkő, Katrien Kolenberg, Richard I. Anderson, Pierre Kervella, Chow-Choong Ngeow, Hans Kjeldsen, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), European Commission, European Research Council, Danish National Research Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Cooperation in Science and Technology, and Physics
Subjects: Cepheid variable stars, Field (physics), Cepheid variable, Overtone, Stellar photometry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Stellar pulsations, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Modulation (music), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Mode (statistics), Astronomy and Astrophysics, First light, Light curve, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Full list of authors: Plachy, E.; Pál, A.; Bódi, A.; Szabó, P.; Molnár, L.; Szabados, L.; Benkő, J. M.; Anderson, R. I.; Bellinger, E. P.; Bhardwaj, A.; Ebadi, M.; Gazeas, K.; Hambsch, F. -J.; Hasanzadeh, A.; Jurkovic, M. I.; Kalaee, M. J.; Kervella, P.; Kolenberg, K.; Mikołajczyk, P.; Nardetto, N. Nemec, J. M.; Netzel, H.; Ngeow, C. -C.; Ozuyar, D.; Pascual-Granado, J.; Pilecki, B.; Ripepi, V.; Skarka, M.; Smolec, R.; Sódor, Á.; Szabó, R.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Jenkins, J. M.; Kjeldsen, H.; Ricker, G. R.; Vanderspek, R., We present the first analysis of Cepheid stars observed by the TESS space mission in Sectors 1–5. Our sample consists of 25 pulsators: ten fundamental mode, three overtone and two double-mode classical Cepheids, plus three type II and seven anomalous Cepheids. The targets were chosen from fields with different stellar densities, both from the Galactic field and from the Magellanic System. Three targets have 2 minutes cadence light curves available by the TESS Science Processing Operations Center: for the rest, we prepared custom light curves from the full-frame images with our own differential photometric FITSH pipeline. Our main goal was to explore the potential and the limitations of TESS concerning the various subtypes of Cepheids. We detected many low-amplitude features: weak modulation, period jitter, and timing variations due to light-time effect. We also report signs of nonradial modes and the first discovery of such a mode in an anomalous Cepheid, the overtone star XZ Cet, which we then confirmed with ground-based multicolor photometric measurements. We prepared a custom photometric solution to minimize saturation effects in the bright fundamental-mode classical Cepheid, β Dor with the lightkurve software, and we revealed strong evidence of cycle-to-cycle variations in the star. In several cases, however, fluctuations in the pulsation could not be distinguished from instrumental effects, such as contamination from nearby sources, which also varies between sectors. Finally, we discuss how precise light-curve shapes will be crucial not only for classification purposes but also to determine physical properties of these stars. © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved., The research leading to these results has been supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH) grants KH_18 130405, K-125015, GINOP 2.3.2-15-2016-00033, and NN-129075, and the Lendulet LP2014-17 and LP2018-7/2020 grants of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS). The work reported on in this publication has been supported by the MW-Gaia COST Action (CA18104). Partial funding of the computational infrastructure and database servers were received from the grant KEP-7/2018 of the HAS. E.P. was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the HAS. L.M. was supported by the Premium Postdoctoral Research Program of the HAS. C.C.N. thanks the funding from Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan) under the contract 107-2119-M-008014-MY2. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No. DNRF106). R.Sm. was supported by the National Science Center, Poland, Sonata BIS project 2018/30/E/ST9/00598. M.I.J. was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (contract number 451-03-68/2020-14/200002) of Republic of Serbia. A.B. acknowledges a Gruber fellowship 2020 grant sponsored by the Gruber Foundation and the International Astronomical Union and is supported by the EACOA Fellowship Program under the umbrella of the East Asia Core Observatories Association, which consists of the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, and the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. J.P.G. acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709) and from Spanish public funds for research under project ESP2017-87676-C5-5-R. P.M. acknowledges support from the NCN grant No. 2016/21/B/ST9/01126. M.S. acknowledges the financial support of the Operational Program Research, Development and Education-Project Postdoc@MUNI(No.CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/16_027/0008360) and the MSMT Inter Transfer program LTT20015. P.K. and N.N. acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), under grant ANR-15-CE31-0012-01 (project UnlockCepheids). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 695099). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (http://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASAs Science Mission directorate. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products.
Published: 2020

36. Salt Stress Tolerance of Dark Septate Endophytes Is Independent of Melanin Accumulation

Author: Dalia A. Gaber, Charlotte Berthelot, Iris Camehl, Gábor M. Kovács, Damien Blaudez, Philipp Franken, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Microbiology (medical), Hypha, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sodium, Mutant, lcsh:QR1-502, chemistry.chemical_element, 570 Biologie, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Melanin, Cell wall, Cadophora sp, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, scytalone dehydratase-encoding gene, ddc:570, Leptodontidium sp, albino mutants, Original Research, tricyclazole, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Periconia macrospinosa, integumentary system, Abiotic stress, chemistry, Biochemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany, Scytalone dehydratase
Abstract: Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) represent a diverse group of root-endophytic fungi that have been isolated from plant roots in many different natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. Melanin is widespread in eukaryotic organisms and possesses various functions such as protecting human skin from UV radiation, affecting the virulence of pathogens, and playing a role in development and physiology of insects. Melanin is a distinctive feature of the cell walls of DSEs and has been thought to protect these fungi from abiotic stress. Melanin in DSEs is assumed to be synthesized via the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) pathway. Its function in alleviation of salt stress is not yet known. The aims of this study were: (i) investigating the growth responses of three DSEs (Periconia macrospinosa, Cadophora sp., and Leptodontidium sp.) to salt stress, (ii) analyzing melanin production under salt stress and, (iii) testing the role of melanin in salt stress tolerance of DSEs. The study shows that the three DSE species can tolerate high salt concentrations. Melanin content increased in the hyphae of all DSEs at 100 mM salt, but decreased at 500 mM. This was not reflected in the RNA accumulation of the gene encoding scytalone dehydratase which is involved in melanin biosynthesis. The application of tricyclazole, a DHN-melanin biosynthesis inhibitor, did not affect either salt stress tolerance or the accumulation of sodium in the hyphae. In addition, melanin biosynthesis mutants of Leptodontidium sp. did not show decreased growth performance compared to the wild-type, especially not at high salt concentrations. This indicates that DSEs can live under salt stress and withstand these conditions regardless of melanin accumulation.
Published: 2020

37. A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author: Marcela Sandra Tonello, Vincent Montade, Walter Finsinger, Karen J. Taylor, Manuel Chevalier, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Philipp Sommer, Nicholas P. McKay, Mateusz Płóciennik, Snezhana Zhilich, David F. Porinchu, Andrei Andreev, Markus Heinrichs, Tomi P. Luoto, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Anson W. Mackay, Deborah Khider, Stephen J. Roberts, Cody C. Routson, Les C. Cwynar, Samuel L Jaccard, Naomi Holmes, Kira Rehfeld, Aaron P. Potito, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, Anais Orsi, Louise C. Foster, Angela Self, Sakari Salonen, Basil A. S. Davis, Boris K. Biskaborn, Christoph Dätwyler, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Angelica Feurdean, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Lukas Jonkers, Heikki Seppä, Stephen J. Brooks, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Sonja Hausmann, Peter G. Langdon, Steven B. Malevich, Larisa Nazarova, Shyhrete Shala, Enikö Magyari, Matthew Peros, Scott A. Reinemann, Krystyna M. Saunders, Elena Novenko, Barbara Stenni, Yarrow Axford, Liudmila Syrykh, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Bryan G. Mark, Jianyong Li, Andria Dawson, Mathew Fox, André F. Lotter, Jessica E. Tierney, Oliver Heiri, Stefan Engels, Ian R. Walker, Andrew P. Rees, Pol Tarrats, Valerie van den Bos, Konrad Gajewski, Brian M. Chase, Eugene R. Wahl, Martin Grosjean, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Thomas Brussel, Mónika Tóth, Enlou Zhang, Darrell S. Kaufman, Olivier Cartapanis, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Reinhard Pienitz, John M. Fegyveresi, Manuel Bringué, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Petr Pařil, Karin A. Koinig, Richard S. Vachula, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Jeremiah Marsicek, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Utrecht University Palaeoecology, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology (UTRECHT UNIVERSITY), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, University of Arizona, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Mount Royal University, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Programme CIT, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Snecma Propulsion Solide (SPS), SAFRAN Group, University of Southern California (USC), Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Université d'Ottawa [Ontario] (uOttawa), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Centre d'Etudes Nordiques (CEN), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Geosciences and Geography [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Departemanto di Scienze Ambientali Informatica e Statistica (DAIS), University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Uni Research Environment, Uni Research Ltd, University of Bath [Bath], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Department of Geosciences and Geography
Subjects: Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 580 Plants (Botany), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, MILLENNIAL-SCALE CHANGES, Proxy (climate), purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE, HOLOCENE, 910 Geography & travel, lcsh:Science, Holocene, LAKE VUOLEP-NJAKAJAURE, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Computer Science Applications, LATE-QUATERNARY VEGETATION, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE, PROXIES, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, geog, Geology, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, NORTHERN NORTH-ATLANTIC, DATABASE, PALEOTEMPERATURE, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, education, Library and Information Sciences, Education, Paleoclimatology, SOUTH CHINA SEA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Southern Hemisphere, 1172 Environmental sciences, POLLEN-BASED RECONSTRUCTION, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Intertropical Convergence Zone, Glacier, 15. Life on land, WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, Earth and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, computer
Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. Fil: Kaufman, Darrell. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: McKay, Nicholas. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Routson, Cody. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Erb, Michael. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Basil. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Heiri, Oliver. University Of Basel; Suiza Fil: Jaccard, Samuel. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Tierney, Jessica. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Dätwyler, Christoph. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Axford, Yarrow. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Brussel, Thomas. University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Cartapanis, Olivier. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Chase, Brian. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Dawson, Andria. Mount Royal University; Canadá Fil: de Vernal, Anne. Université du Québec a Montreal; Canadá Fil: Engels, Stefan. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Jonkers, Lukas. University Of Bremen; Alemania Fil: Marsicek, Jeremiah. University of Wisconsin-Madison; Estados Unidos Fil: Moffa Sánchez, Paola. University of Durham; Reino Unido Fil: Morrill, Carrie. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos Fil: Orsi, Anais. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia Fil: Rehfeld, Kira. Heidelberg University; Alemania Fil: Saunders, Krystyna. Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation; Australia Fil: Sommer, Philipp. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Thomas, Elizabeth. University At Buffalo; Estados Unidos Fil: Tonello, Marcela Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Tóth, Mónika. Balaton Limnological Institute; Hungría Fil: Vachula, Richard. Brown University; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, Andrei. Alfred Wegener Institut Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Alemania Fil: Bertrand, Sebastien. Ghent University; Bélgica Fil: Massaferro, Julieta. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Published: 2020

38. Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams

Author: Eyer, L., Rimoldini, L., Audard, M., Anderson, R. I., Nienartowicz, K., Glass, F., Marchal, O., Grenon, M., Mowlavi, N., Holl, B., Clementini, G., Aerts, C., Mazeh, T., Evans, D. W., Szabados, L., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Biermann, M., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Siddiqui, H. I., Soubiran, C., van Leeuwen, F., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., Chaoul, L., Cheek, N., De Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Guerra, R., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Panuzzo, P., Portell, J., Riello, M., Seabroke, G. M., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Comoretto, G., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Burgess, P., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Clotet, M., Creevey, O., Davidson, M., De Ridder, J., Delchambre, L., Dell’Oro, A., Ducourant, C., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Galluccio, L., García-Torres, M., González-Núñez, J., González-Vidal, J. J., Gosset, E., Guy, L. P., Halbwachs, J.-L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Hutton, A., Jasniewicz, G., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Jordan, S., Korn, A. J., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Lebzelter, T., Löffler, W., Manteiga, M., Marrese, P. M., Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osinde, J., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J.-M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Robin, A. C., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Süveges, M., Torra, J., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Alvarez, R., Alves, J., Andrei, A. H., Anglada Varela, E., Antiche, E., Antoja, T., Arcay, B., Astraatmadja, T. L., Bach, N., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balm, P., Barache, C., Barata, C., Barbato, D., Barblan, F., Barklem, P. S., Barrado, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartholomé Muñoz, S., Bassilana, J.-L., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Berihuete, A., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Bienaymé, O., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Boeche, C., Bombrun, A., Borrachero, R., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bourda, G., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breddels, M. A., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Brüsemeister, T., Brugaletta, E., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cannizzaro, G., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cocozza, G., Costigan, G., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Cuypers, J., Dafonte, C., Damerdji, Y., Dapergolas, A., David, P., David, M., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., de Martino, D., de Souza, R., de Torres, A., Debosscher, J., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Drazinos, P., Durán, J., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Eriksson, K., Esquej, P., Eynard Bontemps, G., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Falcão, A. J., Farràs Casas, M., Federici, L., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Figueras, F., Filippi, F., Findeisen, K., Fonti, A., Fraile, E., Fraser, M., Frézouls, B., Gai, M., Galleti, S., Garabato, D., García-Sedano, F., Garofalo, A., Garralda, N., Gavel, A., Gavras, P., Gerssen, J., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomes, M., Granvik, M., Gueguen, A., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Haigron, R., Hatzidimitriou, D., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Heiter, U., Helmi, A., Heu, J., Hilger, T., Hobbs, D., Hofmann, W., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Hypki, A., Icardi, V., Janßen, K., Jevardat de Fombelle, G., Jonker, P. G., Juhász, Á. L., Julbe, F., Karampelas, A., Kewley, A., Klar, J., Kochoska, A., Kohley, R., Kolenberg, K., Kontizas, M., Kontizas, E., Koposov, S. E., Kordopatis, G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Koubsky, P., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Lavigne, J.-B., Le Fustec, Y., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Lebreton, Y., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Lenhardt, H., Leroux, F., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., López, M., Lorenz, D., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Mantelet, G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marinoni, S., Marschalkó, G., Marshall, D. J., Martino, M., Marton, G., Mary, N., Massari, D., Matijevič, G., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morgenthaler, S., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Muraveva, T., Musella, I., Nelemans, G., Nicastro, L., Noval, L., O’Mullane, W., Ordénovic, C., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Osborne, P., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Pailler, F., Palacin, H., Palaversa, L., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F.-X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Riclet, F., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rivard, A., Rixon, G., Roegiers, T., Roelens, M., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Ruiz-Dern, L., Sadowski, G., Sagristà Sellés, T., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Sanna, N., Santana-Ros, T., Sarasso, M., Savietto, H., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Shih, I.-C., Siltala, L., Silva, A. F., Smart, R. L., Smith, K. W., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Sordo, R., Soria Nieto, S., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Stampa, U., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Stoev, H., Suess, F. F., Surdej, J., Szegedi-Elek, E., Tapiador, D., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Terrett, D., Teyssandier, P., Thuillot, W., Titarenko, A., Torra Clotet, F., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Uzzi, S., Vaillant, M., Valentini, G., Valette, V., van Elteren, A., Van Hemelryck, E., van Leeuwen, M., Vaschetto, M., Vecchiato, A., Veljanoski, J., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Vogt, S., von Essen, C., Voss, H., Votruba, V., Voutsinas, S., Walmsley, G., Weiler, M., Wertz, O., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Žerjal, M., Ziaeepour, H., Zorec, J., Zschocke, S., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland], ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique (PSPM), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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University of Greifswald, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), Zentrum für astronomie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Università degli Studi di Roma, Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratorio de Inmunologıa y Virologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, University of Barcelona, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), University of Lisboa, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), AUTRES, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), National Institute for Subatomic Physics Nikhef [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDAEA-CSIC, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, University of Cadiz, CEA Le Ripault (CEA Le Ripault), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Department of Plant Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Mitsubishi Electric ITE-TCL, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Departament Llenguatges i Sistemes Informatics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7555, Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Atmel Corporation (ATMEL), ATMEL, Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), NSF Center for EUV Science and Technology, NSF, L3 group, Dipartemento di Fisica, Lecce, TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Ciènces del Cosmos (ICC), Centre Atlantique de Philosophie (CAPHI), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia (RIM-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), Inst. Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València (UV), Astronomical Observatory [Poznan], Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Verona, Thales Services, THALES, Departement d'Astrophysique Stellaire et Galactique (DASGAL), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL), Center for health studies, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Astrometry, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute of Hydrology, Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw, University of Warsaw (UW), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lohrmann Observatory, University of Ljubljana, Department of nuclear medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UIB)-University of Bergen (UIB), Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center-College of Medicine and Public Health [Colombus], Departament de Geodinamica i Geofısica, Facultat de Geologia, M2A 2012, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Solvay Silica, Solvay (France), Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2012, CICEnergigune, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Aberystwyth University, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading (UOR), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche de l'European Business School (IREBS), European Business School Paris (EBS Paris), LEI, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), M2A 2015, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences [Modena], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia [Reggio Emilia] (UNIMORE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Université de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria [Espagne] (ULPGC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaim Sheba Medical Center [Ramat Gan, Israel], University of Catania, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Observatory, University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), R&D Tonnellerie Radoux, Tonnellerie Radoux, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), M2A 2013, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics [Philadelphia], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], M2A 2014, Groupe de Recherche en Astronomie et Astrophysique du Languedoc (GRAAL), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Universidad de Alicante, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Lille, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Physics Department, University of Crete (UOC), DEE, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), European Space Astronomy Centre, KELLER Fondations spéciales, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ingienerie des Polymères pour les Hautes Technologies (LIPHT), Ecole européenne de chimie, polymères et matériaux [Strasbourg]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki University of Techology, Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Neurologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa] (IPFN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), EURATOM CIEMAT (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Equipe EES, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

39. Widespread poly-metamorphosed Archean granitoid gneisses and supracrustal enclaves of the southern Inukjuak Domain, Québec (Canada)

Author: Jennika Greer, Wouter Bleeker, Guillaume Caro, Nigel M. Kelly, Nicole L. Cates, Peter Tropper, Stephen J. Mojzsis, Department of Geological Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Geophysical Sciences [Chicago], University of Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Geological Survey of Canada - Office (GSC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
Subjects: Archean, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Schist, supracrustal belt, geochronology, Inukjuak, Geology, Fold (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleoarchean, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochronology, metamorphic petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Zircon, Terrane, Gneiss, granitoid gneisses
Abstract: International audience; The ~12,000 km2 Inukjuak Domain in northern 79 Québec is part of the Archean Minto Block in the northwestern Superior Province of Canada. Eoarchean (ca. >3800-3780 Ma) rocks of the Nuvvuagittuq supracrustal belt (NSB) are the best known occurrence of otherwise abundant
Published: 2020

40. Cressdnaviricota : a Virus Phylum Unifying Seven Families of Rep-Encoding Viruses with Single-Stranded, Circular DNA Genomes

Author: Eric Delwart, Mya Breitbart, F. Murilo Zerbini, Karyna Rosario, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Mart Krupovic, Natalya Yutin, Valerian V. Dolja, Darius Kazlauskas, Jens H. Kuhn, Arvind Varsani, Balázs Harrach, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Life Science Center [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], College of Marine Science [St Petersburg, FL], University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Vitalant Research Institute [San Francisco], Department of Laboratory Medicine [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), M.K. was supported by l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche (project ENVIRA, no. ANR-17-CE15-0005-01). E.V.K., Y.I.W., and N.Y. are supported by the Intramural Research Program of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine). B.H. was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NN128309). This work was supported in part through the Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under contract no. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under contract no. HHSN272201800013C., ANR-17-CE15-0005,ENVIRA,Remodelage de la membrane cytoplasmique par les virus enveloppés d'archées(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV)
Subjects: Immunology, CRESS DNA viruses, Smacoviridae, Microbiology, Genome, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Geminiviridae, virus classification, Letter to the Editor, Virus classification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, Redondoviridae, Circoviridae, virus evolution, 0303 health sciences, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), biology, 030306 microbiology, Phylum, Bacilladnaviridae, Genomoviridae, Nanoviridae, biology.organism_classification, Insect Science, Viral evolution, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract: International audience; Letter to the Editor
Published: 2020

41. The role of climate-fuel feedbacks on Holocene biomass burning in upper-montane Carpathian forests

Author: Angelica Feurdean, Ioan Tanţău, Vachel A. Carter, Jennifer L. Clear, Richard C. Chiverrell, Enikő Magyari, Anna Šolcová, Thomas Brussel, Přemysl Bobek, Alice Moravcová, Petr Kuneš, Walter Finsinger, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Range (biology), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 02 engineering and technology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, food, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, biology, Macrofossil, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Picea abies, Pinus cembra, Ecotone, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, food.food, Disturbance (ecology), 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Over the past few decades, mean summer temperatures within the Carpathian Mountains have increased by as much as 2 °C leading to a projected increased forest fire risk. Currently, there are no paleofire records from the Western Carpathians that provide the long-term range of natural variability to contextualise the response of upper-montane forests to future environmental change and disturbance regimes. We present the first high-resolution Holocene fire history record from the upper-montane ecotone from the High Tatra Mountains, Slovakia, as well as provide a regional synthesis of pan-Carpathian drivers of biomass burning in upper-montane forests. Our results illustrate that forest composition and density both greatly influence biomass burning, creating two different climate-fuel feedbacks. First, warmer conditions in the early Holocene, coupled with generally higher abundances of Pinus sp., either P. cembra and/or P. mugo/sylvestris, created a positive climate-fuel relationship that resulted in higher amounts of biomass burning. Second, cooler and wetter late Holocene conditions led to denser Picea abies upper-montane forests, creating a negative climate-fuel feedback that reduced biomass burning in upper-montane forests across the Carpathians. Given that warmer and drier conditions are expected across the entire Carpathian region in the future, our results illustrate how future climate change could potentially create a positive climate-fuel relationship within upper-montane forests dominated by Picea abies and Pinus cembra and/or P. mugo/sylvestris.
Published: 2020

42. Ndr/Lats Kinases Bind Specific Mob-Family Coactivators through a Conserved and Modular Interface

Author: Benjamin W. Parker, Mónika Bálint, Attila Reményi, Eric L. Weiss, Csaba Hetényi, Gergő Gógl, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Organic Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Pecs, Northwestern University [Evanston], and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Protein Conformation, Allosteric regulation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Morphogenesis, Nerve Tissue Proteins, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Plasma protein binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biochemistry, Article, Cofactor, Substrate Specificity, Conserved sequence, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Coactivator, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Conserved Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cofactor binding, biology, Chemistry, Kinase, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, biology.protein, Signal transduction, Protein Binding
Abstract: Ndr/Lats kinases bind Mob coactivator proteins to form complexes that are essential and deeply conserved components of “Hippo” signaling pathways, which control cell proliferation and morphogenesis in eukaryotes. All Ndr/Lats kinases have a characteristic N-terminal region (NTR) that binds a specific Mob co-factor: Lats kinases associate with Mob1 proteins, and Ndr kinases associate with Mob2 proteins. To better understand the functional significance of Mob protein association with Ndr/Lats kinases and selective binding of Ndr and Lats to distinct Mob co-factors, we solved crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cbk1(NTR)-Mob2 and Dbf2(NTR)-Mob1 and experimentally assessed determinants of Mob cofactor binding and specificity. This significantly refines the previously determined structure of Cbk1 kinase bound to Mob2, presently the only crystallographic model of a full length Ndr/Lats kinase complexed with a Mob cofactor. Our analysis indicates that the Ndr/Lats NTR-Mob interface provides a distinctive kinase regulation mechanism, in which Mob co-factor organizes the Ndr/Lats NTR to interact with the AGC kinase C-terminal hydrophobic motif (HM) activation segment. The Mob-organized NTR appears to mediate HM association with an allosteric site on the kinase N-lobe. We also found that Cbk1 and Dbf2 associated highly specifically with Mob2 and Mob1, respectively. Alteration of specific positions in the Cbk1 NTR allows association of non-cognate Mob co-factor, indicating that cofactor specificity is restricted by discrete sites rather than broadly distributed. Overall, our analysis provides a new picture of the functional role of Mob association and indicates that the Ndr/Lats(NTR)-Mob interface overall is largely a common structural platform that mediates kinase-cofactor binding.
Published: 2020

43. Can Sub-photospheric Magnetic Reconnection Change the Elemental Composition in the Solar Corona?

Author: Gherardo Valori, Andy S. H. To, Deborah Baker, David H. Brooks, J. Martin Laming, Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi, Alexander W. James, Pascal Démoulin, David Long, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), George Mason University [Fairfax], Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), and European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: Physics, Elemental composition, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: International audience; Within the coronae of stars, abundances of those elements with low first ionization potential (FIP) often differ from their photospheric values. The coronae of the Sun and solar-type stars mostly show enhancements of low-FIP elements (the FIP effect) while more active stars such as M dwarfs have coronae generally characterized by the inverse-FIP effect (I-FIP). Here we observe patches of I-FIP effect solar plasma in AR 12673, a highly complex βγδ active region. We argue that the umbrae of coalescing sunspots, and more specifically strong light bridges within the umbrae, are preferential locations for observing I-FIP effect plasma. Furthermore, the magnetic complexity of the active region and major episodes of fast flux emergence also lead to repetitive and intense flares. The induced evaporation of the chromospheric plasma in flare ribbons crossing umbrae enables the observation of four localized patches of I-FIP effect plasma in the corona of AR 12673. These observations can be interpreted in the context of the ponderomotive force fractionation model which predicts that plasma with I-FIP effect composition is created by the refraction of waves coming from below the chromosphere. We propose that the waves generating the I-FIP effect plasma in solar active regions are generated by subphotospheric reconnection of coalescing flux systems. Although we only glimpse signatures of I-FIP effect fractionation produced by this interaction in patches on the Sun, on highly active M stars it may be the dominant process.
Published: 2020

44. Thermally Stimulated Evolution of Optical and Structural Properties of Germanium-Doped Alumina Films

Author: Fabrice Gourbilleau, Larysa Khomenkova, Isaac Balberg, Oleksandr Melnichuk, L. Melnichuk, Caroline Bonafos, Nicolas Ratel-Ramond, Nadiia Korsunska, Kremena Makasheva, Peter Petrik, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (UKMA), Sciences et Ingénierie des Plasmas Réactifs et des Arcs (LAPLACE-ScIPRA), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Nano-Optique et Nanomatériaux pour l'optique (CEMES-NeO), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mykola Gogol State University of Nizhyn (MGSUN), Racah Institute of Physics (Racah Institute of Physics), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ)-Racah Institute of Physics, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Doping, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, chemistry, Nanocrystal, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence
Abstract: Group IV semiconductor nanoclusters/nanocrystals attract a great interest because of substantial transformation of their optical, electrical and luminescent properties due to quantum confinement effects. During last decades significant attention was paid to the Si nanocrystals (ncs) embedded in Si oxide or nitride, and later, to the Ge-ncs embedded in these matrices. The mechanism of these 'ncs' formation was investigated in details. Recently we have reported on the Si-ncs formation in hafnia and alumina thin films. This work will present the results obtained for the Ge-rich Al2O3 films. The effect of Ge content and annealing conditions on the evolution of optical and structural properties of these materials and formation of Ge-ncs will be addressed. The films with different Ge content were grown on quarts substrates by magnetron co-sputtering of Ge and Al2O3 targets in argon plasma. After deposition, they were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere and analyzed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry, FTIR, Raman scattering, XRD and photoluminescence methods. It is observed that suitable thermal treatment leads to the decomposition of nonstoichiometric films and results in the Ge-ncs formation. The formation of Ge-ncs via phase separantion requires lower temperatures (600-700°C) than that for Si-ncs production in alumina host (1050-1100ºC). An annealing at 800-950ºC results in the Ge out-diffusion from the films via formation of volatile GeO. This process results in the significant depletion of the near-surface regions in germanium that was confirmed by an appearance of gradient in the refractive index via film volume. Decomposition process stimulates also an appearance of visible and near-infrared photoluminescence. The shape of luminescent spectrum depends significantly on both Ge content and the excitation wavelength. It is observed that exciton recombination inside nanocrystals dominates at longer wavelength excitation, whereas the UV-blue excitation results in the radiative recombination via interface or host defects in the materials. This result was found to be caused by the competition of different radiative channels in the films. The evolution of optical and luminescent properties will be discussed in details.
Published: 2020

45. Use of 3D printing in astronomical mirror fabrication

Author: Emmanuel Hugot, F. Tenegi, Joris Dufils, Szigfrid Farkas, Bart van de Vorst, Iain Todd, Katherine Morris, Hermine Schnelter, Christopher J. Miller, Gyorgy Mezo, Carolyn Atkins, Melanie Roulet, A. Vega-Moreno, Michel Marcos, Robert Snell, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UK ATC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC)
Subjects: Fabrication, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Computer science, business.industry, Mechanical engineering, Polishing, 3D printing, FOS: Physical sciences, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Deformable mirror, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Data_FILES, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Actuator, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: In this paper we are exploring the possibilities of 3D printing in the fabrication of mirrors for astronomy. Taking the advantages of 3D printing to solve the existing problems caused by traditional manufacturing, two proof-of- concept mirror fabrication strategies are investigated in this paper. The first concept is a deformable mirror with embedded actuator supports system to minimise errors caused by the bonding interfaces during mirror assembly. The second concept is the adaption of the Stress Mirror Polishing (SMP) technique to a variety of mirror shapes by implemented a printed thickness distribution on the back side of the mirror. Design investigations and prototypes plans are presented for both studies.
Published: 2020

46. Unravelling the Role of Melanin in Cd and Zn Tolerance and Accumulation of Three Dark Septate Endophytic Species

Author: Gábor M. Kovács, Asfaw Zegeye, Corinne Leyval, Charlotte Berthelot, Dalia A. Gaber, Michel Chalot, Philipp Franken, Damien Blaudez, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), Assiut University, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies [Université de Lorraine] (FST ), Université de Lorraine (UL), Fachhochschule Erfurt [Erfurt], Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), This work was supported by the LORVER project funded by the Région Grand-Est and the EuropeanRegional Development Fund (ERDF), by the Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique sur les Friches Industrielles (GISFI),by the French Environment and Energy Management Agency [PROLIPHYT ADEME-1172C0053] and by theAgence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under the Blanc International ANR-10-INTB-1703-01-BIOFILTREE project.The support by the ELTE Institutional Excellence Program supported by the National Research, Development andInnovation Oce (NKFIH-1157-8/2019-DT) is also acknowledged (GMK), ANR-10-INTB-1703,BIOFILTREE,Filtration biologique pour la réduction des éléments traces dans la biomasse des arbres(2010), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Hypha, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Phialophora mustea, Mutant, Microbiology, Article, Melanin, Cadophora sp, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Melanin synthesis, Virology, Leptodontidium sp, sulcotrione, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 030304 developmental biology, tricyclazole, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), integumentary system, kojic acid, 030306 microbiology, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Kojic acid, Leptodontidium, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) are often trace element (TE)-tolerant fungi and are abundant in TE-polluted environments. The production of melanin, a black polymer found in cell walls, was hypothesized by several authors to play a role in the TE tolerance of DSEs. To test this hypothesis, we established a series of experiments using albino strains and melanin inhibitors and examined the responses to Cd and Zn. Six DSEs belonging to genera Cadophora sp., Leptodontidium sp. and Phialophora mustea, were evaluated. The strains mainly produced 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin whereas 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin melanin was also synthetized. Cd and Zn decreased melanin synthesis in most of the strains. A reduction in melanin concentration in hyphae through the use of tricyclazole, an inhibitor of DHN-melanin synthesis, did not reduce the tolerance of the strains to Cd and Zn. Similarly, albino mutants of Leptodontidium sp. were not more sensitive to Cd and Zn than the WT strain. Moreover, tricyclazole-treated colonies accumulated less Cd but more Zn compared to untreated colonies. The Cd and Zn contents of Leptodontidium albino strains were variable and similar to that of the WT. The results suggest that melanin production is not an important functional trait that contributes to Cd and Zn tolerance, but might contribute to Cd accumulation.
Published: 2020

47. Binomial nomenclature for virus species: a consultation

Author: Siddell, Stuart G, Walker, Peter J, Lefkowitz, Elliot J, Mushegian, Arcady R, Dutilh, Bas E, Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L, Junglen, Sandra, Knowles, Nick J, Kropinski, Andrew M, Krupovic, Mart, Kuhn, Jens H, Nibert, Max L, Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, Francisco Murilo, Davison, Andrew J, Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine [Bristol] (CellModMed), University of Bristol [Bristol], School of Biological Sciences [Brisbane], University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences [Alexandria, USA] (MCB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics [Utrecht, The Netherlands], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Blavatnik Institute [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology [Mstate, USA] (BCH-EPP), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine [Oxford], University of Oxford, School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Departamento de Fitopatologia [Viçosa, Brazil] (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, A.D. is supported by Medical Research Council programme Grant MC_UU_12014/3. B.E.D. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by National Research, Development and Innovation Office–NKFIH, NN128309. N.J.K. is funded by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), UK (Grant no. SE2944), work at the Pirbright Institute is supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (BB/E/I/00007035, BB/E/I/00007036 and BBS/E/I/00007037). J.H.K is supported through Battelle Memorial Institute’s prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract no. HHSN272200700016I. S.S. acknowledges partial financial support from Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University., The authors acknowledge the contribution of ICTV Life Member, Dr. Mike Adams, to previous discussions on the need for a standard binomial nomenclature for virus species., Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Sub Bioinformatics, and Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics
Subjects: Library science, Biology, MESH: Terminology as Topic, Binomial species names, Executive committee, International committee on taxonomy of viruses (ICTV), 03 medical and health sciences, Virology Division News, Terminology as Topic, Virology, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Nomenclature, Virus classification, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Binomial nomenclature, Virus taxonomy, Species nomenclature, General Medicine, Classification, MESH: Viruses/classification, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Taxonomy (biology), MESH: Classification/methods
Abstract: Erratum in : Correction to: Binomial nomenclature for virus species: a consultation. [Arch Virol. 2020]; International audience; The Executive Committee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recognizes the need for a standardized nomenclature for virus species. This article sets out the case for establishing a binomial nomenclature and presents the advantages and disadvantages of different naming formats. The Executive Committee understands that adopting a binomial system would have major practical consequences, and invites comments from the virology community before making any decisions to change the existing nomenclature. The Executive Committee will take account of these comments in deciding whether to approve a standardized binomial system at its next meeting in October 2020. Note that this system would relate only to the formal names of virus species and not to the names of viruses.
Published: 2020

48. High‐throughput competitive fluorescence polarization assay reveals functional redundancy in the S100 protein family

Author: Márton A. Simon, Ádám Póti, Péter Ecsédi, Attila Reményi, Gábor M. Kovács, Gergő Gógl, József Kardos, László Nyitray, univOAK, Archive ouverte, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Institute of Organic Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biokémiai Tanszék, MTA Állatorvos-tudományi Kutatóintézete, MTA-ELTE-NAP B Neuroimmunológiai Kutatócsoport, Molekuláris Farmakológiai Intézet, Orvosi Biokémiai Intézet, TTK hallgatók, Növényszervezettani Tanszék, MTA-ELTE Biotechnológiai Kutatócsoport (2006 végéig működött), Enzimológiai Intézet, Állatorvos-tudományi Intézet, Biológia Doktori Iskola, MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Fehérje Kutatócsoport (Lendület), and Növényvédelmi Intézet
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Protein family, Systems biology, Sequence Homology, Fluorescence Polarization, Computational biology, Biology, Ligands, fluorescence anisotropy, Biochemistry, Binding, Competitive, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Humans, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny, calcium, Phylogenetic tree, Functional redundancy, S100 Proteins, Isothermal titration calorimetry, systems biology, Cell Biology, S100 Protein Family, Phenotype, High-Throughput Screening Assays, isothermal titration calorimetry, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Fluorescence anisotropy, Protein Binding
Abstract: International audience; The calcium-binding, vertebrate-specific S100 protein family consists of 20 paralogs in humans (referred as the S100ome), with several clinically important members. To explore their protein-protein interactions (PPIs) quantitatively, we have chosen an unbiased, high-throughput, competitive fluorescence polarization (FP) assay that revealed a partial functional redundancy when the complete S100ome (n = 20) was tested against numerous model partners (n = 13). Based on their specificity, the S100ome can be grouped into two distinct classes: promiscuous and orphan. In the first group, members bound to several ligands (> 4-5) with comparable high affinity, while in the second one, the paralogs bound only one partner weakly, or no ligand was identified. Our results demonstrate that FP assays are highly suitable for quantitative interaction profiling of selected protein families. Moreover, we provide evidence that PPI-based phenotypic characterization can complement or even exceed the information obtained from the sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of the S100ome, an evolutionary young protein family.
Published: 2020

49. The Iso2k database: a global compilation of paleo-δ18O and δ2H records to aid understanding of Common Era climate

Author: Konecky, Bronwen, Mckay, Nicholas, Churakova (sidorova), Olga, Comas-Bru, Laia, Dassié, Émilie, Delong, Kristine L., Falster, Georgina, Fischer, Matt, Jones, Matthew, Jonkers, Lukas, Kaufman, Darrell S., Leduc, Guillaume, Managave, Shreyas, Martrat, Belen, Opel, Thomas, Orsi, Anais, Partin, Judson, Sayani, Hussein, Thomas, Elizabeth R., Thompson, Diane, Tyler, Jonathan J., Abram, Nerilie J., Atwood, Alyssa, Cartapanis, Olivier, Conroy, Jessica, Curran, Mark, Dee, Sylvia, Deininger, Michael, Divine, Dmitry V., Kern, Zoltán, Porter, Trevor J., Stevenson, Samantha, von Gunten, Lucien, Braun, Kerstin, Carré, Matthieu, Incarbona, Alessandro, Kaushal, Nikita, Klaebe, Robert M., Kolus, Hannah R., Mortyn, Peter Graham, Moy, Andrew D., Roop, Heidi A., Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Yoshimura, Kei, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [St Louis], Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Siberian Federal University (SibFU), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences (SAGES), University of Reading (UOR), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LSU - Department of Geography and Anthropology [Baton Rouge], Louisiana State University (LSU), Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation [Australie] (ANSTO), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Earth and Climate Science Department [IISER Pune], Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), Department of Environmental Chemistry [Barcelona], Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Geosciences [Tucson], University of Arizona, Department of Earth Sciences [Adelaide], University of Adelaide, Research School of Earth Sciences and Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Australian National University (ANU), Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Institute of Geological Sciences [Bern], Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Rice University [Houston], Institute of Geosciences [Mainz], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Norwegian Polar Institute, Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Geography and Planning [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Faculty of the Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California, Past Global Changes International Project Office (PAGES), Past Global Changes International Project Office, Institute of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], The University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sustainability, Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), University of Washington [Seattle], Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Swiss Academy of SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)Chinese Academy of SciencesNSF-AGS1805141NSF-AGS PRF1433408PalMod, the German paleoclimate modeling initiativeFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geosciences [University of Arizona], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and University of Oxford
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Reconstructions of global hydroclimate during the Common Era (CE; the past ∼2000 years) are important for providing context for current and future global environmental change. Stable isotope ratios in water are quantitative indicators of hydroclimate on regional to global scales, and these signals are encoded in a wide range of natural geologic archives. Here we present the Iso2k database, a global compilation of previously published datasets from a variety of natural archives that record the stable oxygen (δ18O) or hydrogen (δ2H) isotopic compositions of environmental waters, which reflect hydroclimate changes over the CE. The Iso2k database contains 759 isotope records from the terrestrial and marine realms, including glacier and ground ice (210); speleothems (68); corals, sclerosponges, and mollusks (143); wood (81); lake sediments and other terrestrial sediments (e.g., loess) (158); and marine sediments (99). Individual datasets have temporal resolutions ranging from sub-annual to centennial and include chronological data where available. A fundamental feature of the database is its comprehensive metadata, which will assist both experts and nonexperts in the interpretation of each record and in data synthesis. Key metadata fields have standardized vocabularies to facilitate comparisons across diverse archives and with climate-model-simulated fields. This is the first global-scale collection of water isotope proxy records from multiple types of geological and biological archives. It is suitable for evaluating hydroclimate processes through time and space using large-scale synthesis, model–data intercomparison and (paleo)data assimilation. The Iso2k database is available for download at https://doi.org/10.25921/57j8-vs18 (Konecky and McKay, 2020) and is also accessible via the NOAA/WDS Paleo Data landing page: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/29593 (last access: 30 July 2020).
Published: 2020

50. Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe

Author: A. Feurdean, B. Vannière, W. Finsinger, D. Warren, S. C. Connor, M. Forrest, J. Liakka, A. Panait, C. Werner, M. Andrič, P. Bobek, V. A. Carter, B. Davis, A.-C. Diaconu, E. Dietze, I. Feeser, G. Florescu, M. Gałka, T. Giesecke, S. Jahns, E. Jamrichová, K. Kajukało, J. Kaplan, M. Karpińska-Kołaczek, P. Kołaczek, P. Kuneš, D. Kupriyanov, M. Lamentowicz, C. Lemmen, E. K. Magyari, K. Marcisz, E. Marinova, A. Niamir, E. Novenko, M. Obremska, A. Pędziszewska, M. Pfeiffer, A. Poska, M. Rösch, M. Słowiński, M. Stančikaitė, M. Szal, J. Święta-Musznicka, I. Tanţău, M. Theuerkauf, S. Tonkov, O. Valkó, J. Vassiljev, S. Veski, I. Vincze, A. Wacnik, J. Wiethold, T. Hickler, Palaeo-ecologie, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut za arheologijo (ZRC SAZU), Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU - Institut za arheologijo, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut fûr Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Geography, University of Liverpool, Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Institute of Geology, University of Bern, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre [Vilnius], Department of Palaeobotany, Institute of Biology, Białystok University of Technology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, University of Sofia, Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), PAGES Global Charcoal Database, ANR-09-CEPL-0004,OBRESOC,Un observatoire rétrospectif d'une société archéologique: La trajectoire du néolithique Rubané.(2009), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', and Софийски университет = Sofia University
Subjects: KA BP, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, IMPACT, Climate, lcsh:Life, 580 Plants (Botany), 01 natural sciences, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ddc:550, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, ddc:910, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geology, Vegetation, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Management, SUMMER, Physical Sciences, CHARCOAL RECORDS, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 010506 paleontology, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, REGIMES, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Land cover, Behavior and Systematics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, MANAGEMENT, Temperate climate, Regimes, Sedimentary, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Forest floor, Science & Technology, Fire regime, Land use, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, CLIMATE, MODEL, lcsh:Geology, SEDIMENTARY, lcsh:QH501-531, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, VEGETATION, Physical geography, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Model
Abstract: Wildfire occurrence is influenced by climate, vegetation and human activities. A key challenge for understanding the risk of fires is quantifying the mediating effect of vegetation on fire regimes. Here, we explore the relative importance of Holocene land cover, land use, dominant functional forest type, and climate dynamics on biomass burning in temperate and boreo-nemoral regions of central and eastern Europe over the past 12 kyr. We used an extensive data set of Holocene pollen and sedimentary charcoal records, in combination with climate simulations and statistical modelling. Biomass burning was highest during the early Holocene and lowest during the mid-Holocene in all three ecoregions (Atlantic, continental and boreo-nemoral) but was more spatially variable over the past 3–4 kyr. Although climate explained a significant variance in biomass burning during the early Holocene, tree cover was consistently the highest predictor of past biomass burning over the past 8 kyr. In temperate forests, biomass burning was high at ∼45 % tree cover and decreased to a minimum at between 60 % and 70 % tree cover. In needleleaf-dominated forests, biomass burning was highest at ∼ 60 %–65 % tree cover and steeply declined at >65 % tree cover. Biomass burning also increased when arable lands and grasslands reached ∼ 15 %–20 %, although this relationship was variable depending on land use practice via ignition sources, fuel type and quantities. Higher tree cover reduced the amount of solar radiation reaching the forest floor and could provide moister, more wind-protected microclimates underneath canopies, thereby decreasing fuel flammability. Tree cover at which biomass burning increased appears to be driven by warmer and drier summer conditions during the early Holocene and by increasing human influence on land cover during the late Holocene. We suggest that long-term fire hazard may be effectively reduced through land cover management, given that land cover has controlled fire regimes under the dynamic climates of the Holocene.
Published: 2020

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