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40 results on '"Hunsucker, Kelli Z."'

1. Semantic Segmentation for Fully Automated Macrofouling Analysis on Coatings after Field Exposure

Author

Krause, Lutz M. K., Manderfeld, Emily, Gnutt, Patricia, Vogler, Louisa, Wassick, Ann, Richard, Kailey, Rudolph, Marco, Hunsucker, Kelli Z., Swain, Geoffrey W., Rosenhahn, Bodo, and Rosenhahn, Axel

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Biofouling is a major challenge for sustainable shipping, filter membranes, heat exchangers, and medical devices. The development of fouling-resistant coatings requires the evaluation of their effectiveness. Such an evaluation is usually based on the assessment of fouling progression after different exposure times to the target medium (e.g., salt water). The manual assessment of macrofouling requires expert knowledge about local fouling communities due to high variances in phenotypical appearance, has single-image sampling inaccuracies for certain species, and lacks spatial information. Here we present an approach for automatic image-based macrofouling analysis. We created a dataset with dense labels prepared from field panel images and propose a convolutional network (adapted U-Net) for the semantic segmentation of different macrofouling classes. The establishment of macrofouling localization allows for the generation of a successional model which enables the determination of direct surface attachment and in-depth epibiotic studies., Comment: 33 pages, 10 figures

Published
2022

4. Adhesion of acorn barnacles on surface-active borate glasses

Author

Fears, Kenan P., Barnikel, Andrew, Wassick, Ann, Ryou, Heonjune, Schultzhaus, Janna N., Orihuela, Beatriz, Scancella, Jenifer M., So, Christopher R., Hunsucker, Kelli Z., Leary, Dagmar H., Swain, Geoffrey, Rittschof, Daniel, Spillmann, Christopher M., and Wahl, Kathryn J.

Published
2019

13. Proactive In-Water Ship Hull Grooming as a Method to Reduce the Environmental Footprint of Ships

Author

Swain, Geoffrey, primary, Erdogan, Caglar, additional, Foy, Lauren, additional, Gardner, Harrison, additional, Harper, Michael, additional, Hearin, John, additional, Hunsucker, Kelli Z., additional, Hunsucker, J. Travis, additional, Lieberman, K., additional, Nanney, Mark, additional, Ralston, Emily, additional, Stephens, Abraham, additional, Tribou, Melissa, additional, Walker, Bruce, additional, and Wassick, Ann, additional

Published
2022
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15. A baseline survey to document the distribution and abundance of native and non-native barnacle species in Port Canaveral, Florida.

Author

Wassick, Ann, Hunsucker, Kelli Z., and Swain, Geoff

Subjects
INTRODUCED species, COMMUNITIES, BARNACLES, FOULING, BALLAST water, COMMUNITY change
Abstract

Global shipping is a common vector of non-native species (NNS), especially biofouling organisms. Ports with heavy ship traffic can contain a higher proportion of NNS compared to surrounding coastal habitats. Port Canaveral, Florida, is a busy and growing port, but little is known about the native and non-native species present. A baseline survey was designed to identify barnacle species, conspicuous members of the biofouling communities growing on structures in the port, and determine their origin status (i.e., native or NNS). In addition to species identity, the relative abundance of each species and NNS at five different sites during two time periods was assessed. Eight species of barnacles were identified, three of which are non-native in Florida. Barnacle communities differed by site and time period, with a significant interaction between the two factors. During both time periods, NNS comprised more than 90% of the barnacles at four of the sites. While this survey provides a baseline for barnacles present at Port Canaveral, Florida, expanding the surveys to include other organisms will give a more complete view of the number of NNS present at the port, supporting managers' future assessment of community changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. Biofilm community structure and the associated drag penalties of a groomed fouling release ship hull coating

Author

Hunsucker, Kelli Z., Vora, Gary J., J. Travis Hunsucker, Gardner, Harrison, Leary, Dagmar H., Seongwon Kim, Baochuan Lin, and Swain, Geoffrey

Subjects
fungi, behavior and behavior mechanisms, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, human activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Grooming is a proactive method to keep a ship’s hull free of fouling. This approach uses a frequent and gentle wiping of the hull surface to prevent the recruitment of fouling organisms. A study was designed to compare the community composition and the drag associated with biofilms formed on a groomed and ungroomed fouling release coating. The groomed biofilms were dominated by members of the Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria as well the diatoms Navicula, Gomphonemopsis, Cocconeis, and Amphora. Ungroomed biofilms were characterized by Phyllobacteriaceae, Xenococcaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and the pennate diatoms Cyclophora, Cocconeis, and Amphora. The drag forces associated with a groomed biofilm (0.75 ± 0.09 N) were significantly less than the ungroomed biofilm (1.09 ± 0.06 N). Knowledge gained from this study has helped the design of additional testing which will improve grooming tool design, minimizing the growth of biofilms and thus lowering the frictional drag forces associated with groomed surfaces.

Published
2019
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24. Methods, proteomics, and field test assessments from Adhesion of acorn barnacles on surface-active borate glasses

Author

Fears, Kenan P., Barnikel, Andrew, Wassick, Ann, Heonjune Ryou, Schultzhaus, Janna N., Orihuela, Beatriz, Scancella, Jenifer M., So, Christopher R., Hunsucker, Kelli Z., Leary, Dagmar H., Swain, Geoffrey, Rittschof, Daniel, Spillmann, Christopher M., and Wahl, Kathryn J.

Abstract

Concerns about the bioaccumulation of toxic antifouling compounds have necessitated the search for alternative strategies to combat marine biofouling. Since many biologically essential minerals have deleterious effects on organisms at high concentration, one approach to dissuading marine foulers from settling is increasing the local concentration of ions that are naturally present in seawater. Here, we used surface-active borate glasses as a platform to directly deliver ions (Na+, Mg2+ and BO43−) to the adhesive interface under acorn barnacles (Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite). Additionally, surface-active glasses formed reaction layers at the glass–water interface, presenting another challenge to fouling organisms. Proteomics analysis showed that cement deposited on the gelatinous reaction layers is more soluble than cement deposited on insoluble glasses, indicating the reaction layer and/or released ions disrupted adhesion processes. Laboratory experiments showed that the majority (greater than 79%) of adult barnacles re-attached to silica-free borate glasses for 14 days could be released and, more importantly, barnacle larvae did not settle on the glasses. The formation of microbial biofilms in field tests diminished the performance of the materials. While periodic water jetting (120 psi) did not prevent the formation of biofilms, weekly cleaning did dramatically reduce macrofouling on magnesium aluminoborate glass to levels below a commercial foul-release coating.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transdisciplinary approaches to the study of adhesion and adhesives in biological systems’.

Published
2019
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27. Iodine-infused aeration for hull fouling prevention: a vessel-scale study

Author

Dickenson, Natasha C., Krumholz, Jason S., Hunsucker, Kelli Z., and Radicone, Michael

Abstract

Biofouling is a significant economic and ecological problem, causing reduced vessel performance and increases in fuel consumption and emissions. Previous research has shown iodine vapor (I2)-infused aeration to be an environmentally friendly method for deterring the settlement of fouling organisms. An aeration system was deployed on a vessel with hull sections coated with two types of antifoulant coatings, Intersleek® 1100 (fouling-release) and Interspeed® BRA-640 (ablative copper biocide), as well as an inert epoxy barrier coating, to assess the effectiveness of aeration in conjunction with common marine coatings. I2-infused aeration resulted in consistent reductions of 80–90% in hard fouling across all three coatings. Additionally, aeration reduced the soft fouling rate by 45–70% when used in conjunction with both Intersleek® and Interspeed® BRA versus those coatings alone. The results of this study highlight the contribution of I2-infused aeration as a standalone mechanism for fouling prevention or as a complement to traditional antifouling coatings.

Published
2017
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39. The Application of UVC Used in Synergy with Surface Material to Prevent Marine Biofouling.

Author

Richard, Kailey N., Hunsucker, Kelli Z., Gardner, Harrison, Hickman, Kris, and Swain, Geoffrey

Subjects
SURFACES (Technology), FOULING, FOULING organisms, MARITIME shipping, STAINLESS steel, POLYCARBONATES
Abstract

Biofouling is problematic for the shipping industry and can lead to functional and financial setbacks. One possible means of biofouling prevention is the use of ultraviolet-C (UVC) light. Previous studies have investigated UVC with marine coatings, but the synergistic effect with color and surface material, specifically reflectance, has yet to be determined. This study comprised three parts: UVC and color (red vs. white), UVC and reflectance (stainless steel vs. polycarbonate), and UVC and exposure intervals (weekly intervals and 10 min intervals). There was no variance in the biofouling communities for colored surfaces when exposed to 254 nm UVC. Reflectance studies demonstrated that the surface material plays a role in biofouling settlement. Stainless steel panels had significantly greater macrofouling settlement than polycarbonate, specifically among encrusting bryozoan, tubeworms, and tunicate communities. Panels of both surface materials exposed to indirect UVC significantly differed from controls and those exposed directly to UVC. Exposure intervals were also found to reduce biofouling settlement especially with long frequent intervals (i.e., 10 min/day). UVC can be utilized on various colored surfaces and different surface types, but the effectiveness in preventing biofouling is ultimately determined by the duration and frequency of UVC exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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40. Adhesion of acorn barnacles on surface-active borate glasses.

Author

Fears KP, Barnikel A, Wassick A, Ryou H, Schultzhaus JN, Orihuela B, Scancella JM, So CR, Hunsucker KZ, Leary DH, Swain G, Rittschof D, Spillmann CM, and Wahl KJ

Subjects
Animals, Surface Properties, Borates chemistry, Magnesium chemistry, Sodium chemistry, Thoracica physiology
Abstract

Concerns about the bioaccumulation of toxic antifouling compounds have necessitated the search for alternative strategies to combat marine biofouling. Because many biologically essential minerals have deleterious effects on organisms at high concentration, one approach to preventing the settlement of marine foulers is increasing the local concentration of ions that are naturally present in seawater. Here, we used surface-active borate glasses as a platform to directly deliver ions (Na + , Mg 2+ and BO 4 3- ) to the adhesive interface under acorn barnacles (Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite). Additionally, surface-active glasses formed reaction layers at the glass-water interface, presenting another challenge to fouling organisms. Proteomics analysis showed that cement deposited on the gelatinous reaction layers is more soluble than cement deposited on insoluble glasses, indicating the reaction layer and/or released ions disrupted adhesion processes. Laboratory experiments showed that the majority (greater than 79%) of adult barnacles re-attached to silica-free borate glasses for 14 days could be released and, more importantly, barnacle larvae did not settle on the glasses. The formation of microbial biofilms in field tests diminished the performance of the materials. While periodic water jetting (120 psi) did not prevent the formation of biofilms, weekly cleaning did dramatically reduce macrofouling on magnesium aluminoborate glass to levels below a commercial foul-release coating. This article is part of the theme issue 'Transdisciplinary approaches to the study of adhesion and adhesives in biological systems'.

Published
2019
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