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The rapid growth of social media platforms has revolutionized marketing communications, and the recent trend of how people use social media led to the inception of the term "influencer marketing" as an increasingly popular approach for brands across markets. This development has been driven by the unparalleled increase in influencers’ presence on social media platforms, which has generated new venues for companies to connect with their desired demographic and interact with them in a more genuine and significant manner. Understanding the factors that drive the effectiveness of influencers has become increasingly important for both marketers and researchers. Numerous studies have been conducted on the topic of celebrity endorsements. However, the use of "traditional" celebrities is losing its appeal in the digital era of social media, as brands increasingly turn to social media influencers instead. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of understanding about how marketers can effectively utilize this new marketing phenomenon. This study aims to examine the role of trustworthiness, expertise, and information quality of social media influencers in shaping consumer purchase intention, with a specific focus on the mediating role of brand attitude. A total of 309 complete responses were collected via convenience sampling between January and February 2023 then the model examined by using SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that all attributes of the influencers are affecting brand attitude as well as purchase intention, while brand attitude partially mediated the relationships. Implications, limitations and future research have also been discussed.

This study aims to investigate how various aspects of service quality in laptop dealer companies affect customers’ loyalty in Jordan. Data were collected from 341 Jordanian clients of dealer firms selling laptops in Jordan (HP, LG, Toshiba, Apple, Samsung, Sony, and Dell). Collected data were then analyzed; the hypotheses were assessed with the help of SPSS and structural equation modeling. The findings showed that customers’ loyalty is significantly impacted by reliability, accessibility to service, and safety. Furthermore, the value of beta represents relative importance. The dimension of safety showed the highest level in size of the impact on customers’ loyalty, and its value was 0.446 of the total impact. Next, the access to service dimension was the second factor in the impact size (0.239), and the reliability dimension demonstrated the smallest impact size with 0.146. Additionally, the findings revealed that reliability, access to service, and safety explain 52% of the variance in customers’ loyalty to purchase a laptop in Jordan. As a result, the study recommends that Jordanian laptop dealer firms consider all three service quality characteristics, particularly safety, to maintain the loyalty of their customers.

Objective: Our study aimed to characterize clinical, hematological and Immunophenotyping patterns in Sudanese patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period from April 2017 to April 2018, involved 110 CLL patients. Physical examination, Complete Blood Count and Immunophenotyping were performed for all patients to confirm the diagnosis. Clinical staging such as Rai and Binet stages were applied. The statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 23.0. Results: In this study, 71.8% were males and 28.2% were females. Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia were seen in 71%, 49%, 13%, 60.9%, 39% and 34.5% of patients respectively. However, about 90% of patients displayed an advanced Rai risk stage and 70% were at Binet stage B or C. All CLL samples expressed CD45, CD19 and CD20. All the CLL cases were negative for the T-cell marker CD3.CD5 was expressed in 80% patients; CD23 was expressed in 92.7% patients. CD22, CD79b and FMC7 were negative in 91.8%, 77.3%, and 96.4% of patients respectively. Conclusions: CLL in Sudan is a disease of the elderly and more frequently in males than females. The incidence at young patients was higher than those reported by Western studies. Most of our patients presented advanced Rai and Binet stages. CD22 may be a highly specific marker for diagnosing CLL in Sudanese patients and should be included in all diagnostic panels used to differentiate CLL from other B cell lymphoproliferative disorders in Sudan.

This paper focuses on five-star hotels in Jordan to investigate the impact of influencer marketing on overall brand equity. The mediating role played by brand awareness and customer brand engagement between influencer marketing and overall brand equity is tested. The survey method is employed to conduct this research, and data is collected from 300 respondents. The proposed hypotheses are tested using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that influencer marketing directly influenced overall brand equity, brand awareness and customer brand engagement partially mediate the relationship between influencer marketing and overall brand equity.

This study aims to examine how Social Media Influencers (SMIs) influence patronage intentions (PI) through the influence of mediation on the brand credibility (BC) in the electronic devices sector in Jordan. Furthermore, the data were obtained by an online questionnaire based on Google Forms and a total of 315 followers in Jordan using an appropriate sampling method. structural equation modeling using Smart PLS 3 was used to investigate the relationships between SMIs, brand credibility, and patronage intentions (PI). The results indicated that SMIs directly influence PI and BC. BC Partially mediates the relationship between SMIs and PI. Research limitations in this study focus on a single sector electronic device at a specific location in Jordan. Future research may conduct cross-cultural studies to improve the generalizability of the present research findings.

According to the elevated infection mortality risks, the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be raised in rheumatoid arthritis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Our objectives are to describe the impact of COVID-19 infection on rheumatoid arthritis patients with end-stage renal disease and to identify the risk of in-hospital mortality, comorbid conditions. and the proper way to deal with this category. It was a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia from March 1, 2020 to April 27, 2020 and from May 27, 2020 to August 20, 2020. Of 10,482 patients with COVID-19, 419 had ESRD. We assessed main (in-hospital death) outcomes and secondary (mechanical breathing and residence) outcomes. Patients with ESRD were aged and more comorbid disorders. Rheumatoid arthritis patients with ESRD were aged. ESRD rheumatoid arthritis patients have a higher hospital mortality risk relative to rheumatoid arthritis patients not getting complicated with ESRD (31.7% vs. 25.4%, chances 1.38, and 95% trust range 1.12–1.70). After population and comorbid conditions had changed, the rate of rise stayed the same (changed chances: 1.37, 1.09–1.73). In both the crude and modified study (1.62, 1.26–2.07; vs. 1.57, 1.22–2.02), chances for the period of stay of seven or more days have been higher inside a group than in the non-ESRD group. Old age, respiratory support, lymphopenia, and elevated blood urea nitrogen and low serum ferritin were the independent contributing factors for the in-hospital mortality of ESRD rheumatoid arthritis patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

The use og internal corrugated tubes with varying Reynolds numbers (Re) at a constant wall heat flux, we examine the effects of mixing secondary, spiral, and swirl flows on heat transfer and pressure drop. Furthermore, varying flow analysis is applied to examine the flow resistance, heat transfer, and other design parameters. Our research indicates that heat transfer enhancement can be attributed to two factors. First In corrugated configurations, convective heat transfer is transformed into jet impingement heat transfer. Second, the boundary layer on the leeside of the corrugation was dramatically redeveloped by pulsation. Heat transfer performance is significantly improved and pressure drop is increased due to the spiral flow. Additionally, different corrugated geometrical configurations are used to investigate the flow behaviour based on Nusselt numbers (Nu) and friction coefficients (f) corresponding to the analyse values, and the design parameters such as corrugated ring angle (CRA), corrugated ring diameter (CRD), and a corrugated ring number (NCR). The result indicates that the Nu tend to increase as increases of the Re. The Nu value increases at higher corrugated geometrical configurations increase. Using different corrugated geometric configurations can result in performance superior to smooth pipes because the performance evaluation factor (PEF) value is higher than unity. Both PEF and Re increments, as well as the PEF value, demonstrate a reducing trend.

Abstract Objective Alpha-thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by deletions of one or more α globin genes that result in deficient of α globin chains reducing haemoglobin concentration. The study aimed to screen 97 patients with microcytosis and hypochromasia for the 3.7 and 4.2 alpha thalassemia deletion mutations. Results Out of 97 patients screened, only 7 were carriers for the 3.7 deletion and all patients were negative for the 4.2 deletion. The 3.7 deletion was found in Foor, Hawsa and Rezagat Sudanese tribes. In the carriers of the 3.7 deletion, Red Blood Cells and Haematocrit were significantly increased. The Red Blood Cells were 7.23 ± 0.78 × 1012/L in adult males and 7.21 ± 0.67 × 1012/L in adult females while in children were 5.07 ± 0.87 × 1012/L. The mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin were significantly decreased, but the mean cell haemoglobin concentration slightly decreased. Haemoglobin levels didn’t revealed statistically significant decrease in adult males (11.7 ± 0.57 g/dL) and adult females (11.25 ± 0.64 g/dL), while in children were (11.6 ± 2.95 g/dL). Haemoglobin electrophoresis revealed two patients of the 3.7 and 4.2 negative were carriers for β-thalassemia. The study concluded that α3.7 deletion has frequency of 0.07 in Sudanese with hypochromasia and microcytosis.

Abstract This case concerns a 24‐year‐old female who developed malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia a few weeks after pacemaker implantation for complete heart block. Apparently, right ventricular pacing caused significant repolarization abnormalities in both native and paced rhythms with marked QT prolongation and substantial electrical instability. This case highlights other intriguing phenomena in the puzzle of cardiac repolarization and how pacing therapy may alter this complex process providing arrhythmic substrate in vulnerable subjects. Though such arrhythmic events are clinically rare, vulnerable patients or with suspected myocardial disease that may cause QT prolongation should be carefully followed in the course of pacing therapy.

Abstract Aim Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is a common arrhythmia in children, adolescents, and young adults. Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is often considered the treatment of choice in this population. We sought to evaluate the long‐term follow‐up after RF ablation. Methods and Results We retrospectively analyzed 36 young patients (age range 8‐29 years), with clinical signs and symptoms suspected for EAT who underwent an electrophysiological study in our center. We evaluated the safety and acute success rate of ablation and the long‐term follow‐up. Ectopic foci were more frequently localized in the right atrium along the crista terminalis (28%) and EAT was successfully terminated in 97% of patients. At median follow‐up (38 months), the recurrence rate was 20% with mostly recurrences expressed within 6 months. Conclusions The study confirmed the safety and high acute success rate of EAT ablation in a population of children, adolescents, and young adults. Therefore, catheter ablation of EAT can be considered early in the course of treatment of these patients. The evidence of most recurrences within 6 months could be useful for advising patients on likely outcomes.

Background: The incidence of stone disease in the pediatric age group dramatically increased in developing countries like Sudan. Despite, the challenges in the management of ureteral stone in the aforementioned age group, ureteroscopy (URS), lithotripsy using Holmium Laser (HO) has been reported as standard effective and safe. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of URS lithotripsy using HO in preschool patients younger than 5 years of age. Materials and Methods: The results of treatment in 42 patients, who had undergone intervention for ureter stones at Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery-Sudan, were prospectively evaluated. Miniscopes with an HO were used for lithotripsy. Results: The mean patient's age was 2.5 ± 1.2 years (1–4 years). The success rate was 69.9% after an average follow-up of 16 months (range 10–24). The majority 81% (n = 34) of study cases were presented with ureteric stones, which comprised 52.4% (n = 22) unilateral and 28.6% (n = 12) bilateral. The cases of unilateral and bilateral stricture include 6 and 2 cases, respectively. After the procedure, the ureteric stenting (double J) was used in 81% of the cases. The perioperative complication rate was 31.0%, and the most common complication was a failure of cannulation followed by the false passage. The mortality rate was zero. Conclusion: URS is considered safe and effective method for pediatric ureteric stones. The size of ureteroscope has an important role in the outcome and complications.

The aim of the study was to examine the nature of the relationship and the impact between the dimensions of the strategy of marketing information systems and the dimensions of small and medium enterprises. The study also aimed to identify the reality of their implementation. This research employed a field method survey by examining the views of selected managers and owners of tourism and travel companies on the movement of tourism and traveling of Iraqi citizens globally. A questionnaire was used to collect and classify data in accordance with a 5 point Likert scale; this is in addition to personal and functional information on the population of study. The sample included employees, managers and entrepreneurs with different levels of education from six tourism and travel companies in Baghdad. The data and results were analyzed using SPSS. Following the analyses conducted, different conclusions were drawn. The most important conclusion was that, there is a prominent role for the marketing information systems in projects to support the ongoing operations and decisions taken in small and medium enterprises. This study reveals the importance of adopting a database and digital projects for the purpose of developing solid performance and outputs and communicating with customer ethically.

Paternal postnatal depression (PPND) is not a commonly recognized phenomenon. The aim of the study was to identify the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) cutoff for Saudi fathers, to estimate PPND prevalence and to determine the risk factors of PPND among fathers of newborn in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study of fathers with babies born up to 6 months prior to the survey was conducted. Fathers were screened using EPDS and demographic questionnaire. The fathers were selected using systematic random sampling from visitors to the birth registration office. A subsample of participants from the postnatal wards in a tertiary care was invited for additional evaluation by a psychologist using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for major depressive disorders. Receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to identify fathers with depression; a cutoff of 8/9 was optimal to achieve sensitivity 77.8% and specificity 81.3%. Adjusted prevalence of PPND was reported with corresponding Wilson 95% confidence interval. Two hundred and ninety fathers completed the EPDS and demographic questionnaire. Of 72 invited participants, 57 (79.16%) attended the diagnostic interview. The average age of fathers was 34.97 ± 8.56 years, the average maternal age was 29.18 ± 7.41 years, average age of the newborn was 43.13 ± 35.88 days. PPND adjusted prevalence was 16.6% (95% CI [8.5, 25.6]). Paternal mental health needs equal attention during and postdelivery of newborn. Fathers should receive perinatal and postnatal mental health assessment to prevent behavioral problems in their children and disruption of relationship with their spouse.

A 15-year-old female with WPW syndrome and normal heart underwent an electrophysiology study for paroxysmal palpitations and syncope. Intravenous adenosine produced an unexpected response of QRS changes and advanced AV block. During isoproteronol infusion, short-lasting and poorly tolerated wide QRS tachycardia was inducible, but pacing maneuvers were not feasible during tachycardia to determine its definitive mechanism. However, various electrophysiologic phenomena including adenosine response, junctional beats pattern, and multisite atrial pacing were helpful to overcome the diagnosis challenges. Finally, careful evaluation of tachycardia features and the comprehensive electrophysiology study were crucial to establish presence of unusual preexcitation variants, and thus to guide successful catheter ablation of the arrhythmic substrate.

The paper aims to build a model that supports organizational sustainability by analyzing the correlations and revealing the impact between the two main variables (entrepreneurial leadership) with its dimensions of proactive outlook, risk, and creativity (Van Zyl & Mathur-Helm, 2007), and (organizational sustainability) with its economic, environmental, and societal dimensions (Hansmann et al., 2012). As well as identifying the level of awareness and informing managers in the General Company for the Automotive and Equipment Industry, of the theoretical implications and performance, and its vital importance to society and the surrounding ecological environment, and drawing attention to that and improving performance, and indicating the important leadership role in activating and supporting organizational sustainability. The questionnaire was used and distributed to a random sample of 58 managers, following the analytical descriptive approach to accomplish the research purposes. The study came out with important conclusions, including that the tangible role of entrepreneurial leadership in supporting and promoting sustainability is reflected in deepening the approach and dimensions of sustainability and its environmental-ecological, vital, economic and social necessities on the basis and directions affecting the strategic success of organizations and their continuity in the business world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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