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Abstract An 8‐year‐old Miniature Poodle presented with chronic sneezing and unilateral epistaxis. A left‐sided intranasal mass was identified on computed tomography. 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) was performed to evaluate the metabolic activity of the mass. The intranasal mass showed mildly increased 18F‐FDG uptake. The maximal and mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the mass were 3.4 and 2.6, respectively. The maximal SUV of the mass/mean SUV of the normal liver was 2.5. The 7‐cm soft, pink mass was easily removed through rhinoscopy, with subsequent dramatic improvement in clinical signs. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses determined that the mass was an intermediate‐grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (PNST). This is the first report of 18F‐FDG PET findings in a PNST in dogs.

Widespread use of spray-type consumer products can raise significant concerns regarding their effects on indoor air quality and human health. In this study, we conducted non-target screening using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze VOCs in 48 different spray-type consumer products. Using this approach, we tentatively identified a total of 254 VOCs from the spray-type products. Notably, more VOCs were detected in propellant-type products which are mostly solvent-based than in trigger-type ones which are mostly water-based. The VOCs identified encompass various chemical classes including alkanes, cycloalkanes, monoterpenoids, carboxylic acid derivatives, and carbonyl compounds, some of which arouse concerns due to their potential health effects. Alkanes and cycloalkanes are frequently detected in propellant-type products, whereas perfumed monoterpenoids are ubiquitous across all product categories. Among the identified VOCs, 12 compounds were classified into high-risk groups according to detection frequency and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, and their concentrations were confirmed using reference standards. Among the identified VOCs, D-limonene was the most frequently detected compound (freq. 21/48), with the highest concentration of 1.80 mg/g. The risk assessment was performed to evaluate the potential health risks associated with exposure to these VOCs. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with the assessed VOC compounds were relatively low. However, it is important not to overlook the risk faced by occupational exposure to these VOCs, and the risk from simultaneous exposure to various VOCs contained in the products. This study serves as a valuable resource for the identification of unknown compounds in the consumer products, facilitating the evaluation of potential health risks to consumers.

Abstract A 14‐year‐old male grey wolf (Canis lupus) with a history of severe facial swelling was submitted for necropsy. Clinical and radiological examination demonstrated an expansile neoplastic mass in the nasal and frontal sinuses. On necropsy, an amorphous neoplastic mass and extensive necrosis were observed in the nasal turbinate. Microscopic examination revealed a tumour principally composed of obvious clear tumour cells characterised by small hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant clear cytoplasm. These clear cells were positive for mucin with PAS, PAS‐D reaction, and alcian blue (pH 2.5) staining, but negative for PTAH staining. Immunohistochemically, some of tumour cells were strongly positive for mesenchymal cells (vimentin), whereas they were negative for myoepithelial antigen (alpha‐SMA) and cytokeratin. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the present case was diagnosed as high‐grade clear cell variant mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This is the first description of clear cell variant MEC in a wolf.

IntroductionCardiovascular and renal diseases are known to affect each other in the cardiovascular renal axis disorder (CvRD). Although CvRD, which includes myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), has been described in dogs, there are only a few reports on the progression of CKD in accordance with the severity of MMVD. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of MMVD is associated with the rate of progression of CKD in dogs. The time from the initial diagnosis to the worsening of the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage and the time for the occurrence of hyperphosphatemia and isosthenuria were evaluated.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, CKD progression was determined as an increase in the IRIS stage by at least one level and the development of hyperphosphatemia or isosthenuria. The CKD progression was compared in dogs with and without comorbid MMVD.ResultsDogs with CKD were divided into two groups: dogs with and without MMVD (n = 63, concurrent group; n = 52, CKD group, respectively). The concurrent group was further divided into two subgroups based on the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines (B1 group, n = 24; B2 group, n = 39). The time for progression of CKD from IRIS stage 1 to IRIS stage 2 was significantly shorter in the concurrent group than in the CKD group (log-rank test, p < 0.001). MMVD was associated with an increased risk of progression from stage 1 to stage 2 (hazard ratio, 6.442; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.354 to 18.850; p < 0.001). The timing of the onset of hyperphosphatemia or isosthenuria in the concurrent group and the CKD group was not significantly different.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that MMVD could be a risk factor for the progression of CKD. Our findings may help predict the prognosis of dogs with both CKD and MMVD compared to CKD only.

In this study, 31 household spray-type cleaning products from 10 categories were examined to identify the substances contained in these products and evaluate their resulting toxicities. After substance detection via LC-QTOF-MS, suspect and non-target screenings were performed using UNIFI software. A total of 48 substances were identified during suspect screening. Among them, surfactant (freq. 22/31(71.0%)), plasticizer (freq. 23/31(74.2%)), antioxidant (freq. 20/31(64.5%)) were detected with high frequencies. Among the 48 compounds, tributyl citrate acetate was the most frequently detected (frequency 13/31, 41.9%). In addition, 51 substances were identified via non-target analysis. Among them, oleamide, a type of surfactant, showed a high frequency of detection (22/31(71.0%)). The toxicities of the 98 substances (suspect: 47 (except for confidence level 5) and non-target: 51) identified were evaluated using the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) database and Toxtree. Among them, 20 substances were classified as a substance of caution. The risk assessment for 3 substances identified with references standards was also performed. The suspect and non-target screening technique proved to be a useful method that can be applied when there are many non-specific chemicals and their components in the consumer products are not well known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]