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This study focuses on aquatic mites from the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, including the mainland area, and Madeira and Azores archipelagos, aiming at compiling all existing information and generating a list of species and all their data on collecting sites. For the present work, we consider aquatic species, those that inhabit the marine, deep sea, intertidal, freshwater, transition water or brackish environments, with life-cycle occurring entirely at water habitats or their vicinity. Furthermore, breeding should take place in water aquatic lifestyles. The dataset search for this checklist started with the first descriptions of water acarids from the Azores Archipelago performed by Théodore Barrois. Primary sources for occurrence confirmation were Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa book collection, The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), complemented with an extensive Portuguese literature review and data biodiversity websites, e.g., European Water Mite Research (Watermite.org). In total, 102 valid species were found belonging to 41 genera, and 19 families, nested in the orders Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes. This is the first work compiling all the species of aquatic mites found in Portuguese territory, as well as data of collection, serving as the basis for future studies.

Tuzovskij, Petr V. (2022): Two new water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from Asia. Zootaxa 5188 (2): 195-200, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.2.9

This study presents the first results of DNA barcoding of water mites from Portugal. DNA barcodes were recovered from 19 water mite specimens morphologically assigned to eight species, seven of them newly reported from Portugal. Two species, Torrenticola hispanica (Lundblad, 1941) and A. cultellatus (K. Viets, 1930) were discovered more than 80 years after they were first described, and Atractides marizaesp. nov. is described as new for science.

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) fluviatilis (Ström, 1768) Synonym: Acarus fluviatilis Ström, 1768 (original designation) Type material: One adult male deposited in NTNU-VM, catalogue number VP-Hyd712 (Pešić et al. 2017) Type locality: Norway: Heltneelva (GBIF 2022; Ström 1768) Geographical distribution: Palaearctic (GBIF 2022; Ström 1768) Distribution in Portugal: Centre: Beira Alta, in Santa Comba Dão (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: Freshwater rhithrobiont-like (on river and tributaries habitats); Organic pollution tolerant-species with preferences for streams and rheocrenes in lowland and low mountain ranges; Larval insect hosts: Chironomidae dipterans (Gerecke et al. 2016). Found also on a sandy substrate; present in Carex spp. plants (Lundblad 1956) Hygrobates (Hygrobates) longipalpis (Hermann, 1804) Synonym: Hydrarachna longipalpis Hermann, 1804 (original designation) Type material: Neotype designated by Pešić et al. 2019 RMNH (Pešić et al. 2019). Type locality: Netherlands: Gelderland (GBIF 2022). Geographical distribution: Holarctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: Centre: Beira Litoral (Valdecasas 1988), in Fonte Fria, Mealhada, Buçaco mountain (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: In standing or slow-flowing waters (Gerecke et al. 2016; Lundblad 1956); Larval insect hosts: Chaoboridae and Chironomidae dipterans (Gerecke et al. 2016). Remarks: Given the recent re-establishment of the species Hygrobates prosiliens Koenike, 1915 this observation requires further analysis, as the first inhabits in standing water while H. longipalpis has a preference for slowflowing water (Pešić et al. 2019). Hygrobates (Hygrobates) longiporus Thor, 1898 Synonym: Hygrobates falcilaminatus Walter, 1926 Type material: Possibly not deposited in any scientific collection. Type locality: Norway (Thor 1898b). Geographical distribution: Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: Centre: Beira Litoral, in Alcabaça municipality; and Beira Alta, in Santa Comba Dão; and Côa River, near 10 km to Vilar Formoso (Lundblad 1956; Valdecasas 1988). Ecological notes: In standing freshwaters, such as lakes (Gerecke et al. 2016), clear water, on sandy and muddy bottoms, with scattered leaves, dead twigs, plants, e.g. grasses, Carex spp. and Alisma spp. (Lundblad 1956). Hygrobates (Hygrobates) setosus Besseling, 1942 Synonym: Hygrobates nigromaculatus setosus Besseling, 1942 (original designation) Type material: Female specimens in the “Collectie-Romijn” (Besseling 1942), nowadays deposited in RMNH registration number ZMA.ACA.P.35358 and ZMA.ACA.P.35360 (GBIF 2022). Type locality: Netherlands: Dorpsbeekte Epe (Besseling 1942; GBIF 2022). Geographical distribution: Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016; Smit & van der Hammen 2000). Distribution in Portugal: North: International Minho River Basin: Monção (tributaries, “Rios Gadanha e Mouro”) and Valença (main river stretch) municipalities (Cantallo et al. 2021). Material examined: 2/0/0; Pinheiros, Portugal; 42º2′14.7″N, 8º30′6,9″W; 25 September 2020; coll. by Aquamuseu Team; catalogue number NatMIP-CATr-0013. 0/1/0; Valença, Portugal; 42º2′57.01″N, 8º37′54.74″W; 24 September 2020; coll. By Aquamuseu Team; catalogue number NatMIP-CATr-0015. 0/1/0; Ponte de Mouro; 42°04′30.0″N, 8°23′38.5″W; 24 September 2020; coll. by Aquamuseu Team; catalogue number NatMIP-CATr-0016. Ecological notes: In freshwater tributaries pools; with parasitic larvae of insect-dipterans (Gerecke et al. 2016). In the present study, this species was found in association with macrophytes (“Rio Gadanha”). One specimen was found in a rock environment close to the spring (“Rio Mouro”). One individual was collected in the main sector from the Minho River, on sediment type ‘moderately sorted coarse sand’, in which the logarithmic main grain size value was 0.345 (Cantallo et al. 2021). Remarks: This species was reported for Portugal by Cantallo et al. (2021), which also represents the first occurrence for Southern Europe. Hygrobates (Hygrobates) trigonicus Koenike, 1895 Synonym: Hygrobates properus Láska, 1954 Type material: Holotype (Koenike 1895a), possibly not deposited in any scientific collection. Type locality: Poland: Słupice (Koenike 1895a). Geographical distribution: Western Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Distribution in Portugal: Centre: Beira Alta (Valdecasas 1988), in Santa Comba Dão, and Côa River, near 10 km to Vilar Formoso (Lundblad 1956). Ecological notes: Freshwater, rhithrobiont-like species, found in river and tributary environments (Gerecke et al. 2016), in clear water, on a sandy substrate; present in plants, such as Carex spp., Juncus spp., Myriophyllum spp. (Lundblad 1956); Larval insect hosts: Chironomidae dipterans (Gerecke et al. 2016)., Published as part of Cantallo, Harold, Gomes, Nuno, Antunes, Carlos, Martins, Duarte & Costa, Dimítri De Araújo, 2022, Checklist of water mites from mainland Portugal and its archipelagos, pp. 336-370 in Zootaxa 5213 (4) on pages 357-358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7381432, {"references":["Strom, H. (1768) Beskrivelse over Norske Insecter. Andet Stykke. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, 4, 313 - 371.","Pesic, V., Asadi, M., Cimpean, M., Dabert, M., Esen, Y., Gerecke, R., Martin, P., Savic, A., Smit, H. & Stur, E. (2017) Six species in one: evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates fluviatilis complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 22, 1327. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.9.4","GBIF (2022) GBIF - Occurrences. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available from: https: // www. gbif. org / occurrence / search / (accessed 8 January 2022)","Lundblad, O. (1956) Zur Kenntnis sud- und mitteleuropaischer Hydrachnellen. Arkiv for Zoologi 10, 1 - 306, tafel LXXXIV.","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa. Bd. 7 / 2 - 3. Chelicerata: Acari III. Band 7 / 2 - 3. Springer Spektrum, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London and New York, pp. i - xi + 1 - 429. [http: // link. springer. com / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5]","Hermann, J. F. (1804) s. n. In: Hammer, F. - L. (Ed.), Meimoire Apteirologique. Levrault, F. G., Strasbourg, pp. 1 - 144, pl. IX. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / bibliography / 137910] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 137910","Pesic, V., Broda, L., Dabert, M., Gerecke, R., Martin, P. & Smit, H. (2019) Re-established after hundred years: Definition of Hygrobates prosiliens Koenike, 1915, based on molecular and morphological evidence, and redescription of H. longipalpis (Hermann, 1804) (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia,. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 24, 1490 - 1511. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 24.8.10","Valdecasas, A. G. (1988) Lista sinonimica y bibliografica de las Hidracnelas (Acari, Hydrachnellae) de la Peninsula Iberica, Islas Baleares e Islas Canarias. Lista de la flora y fauna de las aguas continentales de la Peninsula Iberica. Publicacion no 5. Asociacion Espanola de Limnologia, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, 81 pp. [http: // www. limnetica. net / documentos / listas / Lista _ 5 _ Hidracnelas. pdf]","Thor, S. (1898 b) Nye Hydrachnideformer. Fundne I Norge Sommeren. Archiv for mathematik og naturvidenskab, 20, 1 - 10.","Besseling, A. J. (1942) Nederlandsche Hydrachnidae. Genus Hygrobates. Entomologische Berichten, 11, 2 - 6.","Smit, H. & van der Hammen, H. (2000) Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen I 3 Atlas van de Nederlandse watermijten (Acari: Hydrachnidia). Naturalis Institutional Repository, Amsterdam, 266 pp. [https: // repository. naturalis. nl / document / 45797]","Cantallo, H., Gomes, N., Antunes, C., Ribeiro, T., Gomes, M. I. & Costa, D. A. (2021) Catalogue of aquatic mites from the Minho River (NW Iberian Peninsula). Environmental Smoke, 2021, 44 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.32435 / envsmoke / xibesymp. 7","Koenike, F. (1895 a) I. Wissenschaftliche Mittheilungen. 1. Uber bekannte und neue Wassermilben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 18, 373 - 386."]}

Mixobates projectus Smit & Pešić sp. nov. Zoobank: 0BC3FE43-8866-4D2F-BA95-9B5885140A22 (Figures 10 A-D) Material examined — Holotype female, Petit-Saut Lake, French Guiana, date unknown, between 2007 and 2017, 4.939997°N, 53.044167°W, leg. S. Clavier (RMNH). Paratypes: Three females, same data as holotype (RMNH). Diagnosis (Male unknown) — Cx-IV posteromedially with large projection, P4 stocky and curved. Description — Female – Idiosoma soft, without plates or platelets, dorsally 1126 long and 925 wide, ventrally 1102 long. Coxae in three groups, Cx-I fused medially, apodemes of anterior coxae short. Cxgl-4 well distance from suture line of Cx-III and Cx-IV. Cx-IV with a large posteromedial projection (Figure 10A). Genital field 164 long and 210 wide, with three pairs of acetabula; pregenital sclerite 78 wide. Genital plates 108 long, slightly curved (Figure 10B). Length of P1-5: 22, 82, 54, 68, 34. P4 stocky and slightly curved (Figure 10C). Length of I-leg-4-6: 168, 172, 144. I-leg-5 distally with two pointed setae and three fine setae, one of these bowed (Figure 10D). Length of IV-leg-4-6: 212, 208, 190. Legs without swimming setae. Male – Unknown. Etymology — Named for the relatively large projections of Cx-IV. Discussion — All but one Nearctic and Neotropical species has the palp with denticles. Only M. inermis (Cook, 1974) has the palp without denticles, but P4 of this species is more slender and the coxae form one group.

Hygrobates (Hygrobatides) guianaensis Smit & Pešić sp. nov. Zoobank: 5B1BD8F6-2405-4291-B9F9-B7D14142504E (Figures 9 A-C) Material examined — Holotype female, Crique des Pères, 5.047681°N, 52.600785°W, 26 Jun. 2019, leg. S. Clavier (RMNH). Paratype: one female, Marais de Kaw-Roura National Reserve, French Guiana, 4.645064°N, 52.160725°W, 23 Jun. 2020, leg. S. Clavier, sequenced (BOLD: HYDME 039-22). Diagnosis (Male unknown) — Cxgl-4 extending slightly anteriorly, acetabula well separated, pregenital sclerite slightly bowed and relatively short. Description — Female – Idiosoma without plates or platelets, dorsally 851 long and 761 wide, ventrally 692 long. Coxae in three groups, anterior coxae posteriorly bluntly pointed. Cxgl-4 extending slightly anteriorly (Figure 9A). Genital field 188 long, with three pairs of wellseparated acetabula; pregenital sclerite slightly bowed, 82 wide. Acetabula surrounded by a small fringe of secondary sclerotization. Length of P1-5: 28, 94, 56, 98, 38. P2 anteroventrally with two denticles; P3 without denticles; P4 ventrally with two fine setae, unequal in size (Figure 9B). Length of I-leg-4-6: 138, 152, 124. I-leg-5 anteroventrally with two pointed setae, unequal in size (Figure 9C). Length of IV-leg-4-6: 184, 192, 156. Swimming setae absent. Etymology — Named for its occurrence in the Guianas. Discussion — Most similar in the shape of the genital field and palp H is. pachydermis Lundblad, 1936 from Brazil. The latter species has Cxgl-4 shifted much more anteriorly, the pregenital sclerite is larger and strongly bowed and the anterior coxae are less broad. The female of H. rufus Lundblad, 1937 from Brazil is unknown, but P4 of this species is stockier compared to the new species., Published as part of K, Harry Smit, Pešić, Vladimir, K & K, Simon Clavier, 2022, Water mites from French Guiana, with the description of 14 new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 1119-1153 in Acarologia 62 (4) on pages 1133-1134, {"references":["Lundblad O. 1936. Weitere neue Wassermilben aus Santa-Catharina in Sudbrasilien. Zool. Anz., 116: 14 - 24."]}

Hygrobates (Hygrobatides) dilatatus Smit & Pešić sp. nov. Zoobank: F8C2A2BE-90AE-4B30-98DD-73331F232C0B (Figures 8A–D) Material examined — Holotype female, Crique Aya, National Reserve La Trinité, French Guiana, 4.590557°N, 53.413572°W, 4 Nov. 2018, leg. S. Clavier (MNHN). 50 µm. Diagnosis (Male unknown) — The three pairs of acetabula widely separated from each other, first pair at level of postgenital sclerite, posterior two pairs lying far posteriorly; Cxgl-4 not extending far anteriorly; P2 with a blunt anteroventral projection covered by minute denticles. Description — Female – Idiosoma without plates or platelets, dorsally 810 long and 786 wide, ventrally 846 long. Coxae in three groups, anterior coxae posteriorly pointed. Cxgl-4 near incomplete suture line of Cx-III/IV, posterior to Cx-IV an area of secondary sclerotization (Figure 8A). Genital field 198 long with three pairs of widely separated acetabula, first pair of acetabula at level of postgenital sclerite; pregenital sclerite 146 wide. Acetabula (partly) surrounded by a small fringe of secondary sclerotization (Figure 8B). Length of P1-5: 31, 136, 100, 198, 42. P2 anteroventrally with a blunt projected, its tip covered by minute denticles; P3 ventrally and medially with denticles; P4 slender, ventrally with two widely separated setae (Figure 8C). Length of I-leg-4-6: 182, 178, 116. I-leg-5 anteroventrally with two pointed setae, unequal in size (Figure 8D). Length of IV-leg-4-6: 243, 251, 210. Swimming setae absent. Excretory pore surrounded by a small fringe of secondary sclerotization. Male – Unknown. Etymology — Named after the widely separated acetabula. Discussion — Unlike all other Hygrobatides species, Cxgl-4 are not extending far anteriorly. Moreover, none of the known species have the acetabula so widely separated as in the new species and P2 with a blunt anteroventral projection., Published as part of K, Harry Smit, Pešić, Vladimir, K & K, Simon Clavier, 2022, Water mites from French Guiana, with the description of 14 new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 1119-1153 in Acarologia 62 (4) on pages 1131-1132

Paraschizobates (Paraschizobates) gracilipalpis Smit & Pešić sp. nov. Zoobank: 97838BE8-0C9B-4713-BCA0-FA3B260679FD (Figures 11 A-C) Material examined — Holotype female, Petit-Saut Lake, French Guiana, date unknown, between 2007 and 2017, 4.939997°N, 53.044167°W, leg. S. Clavier (RMNH). Paratypes: Two females, same data as holotype (RMNH). Diagnosis (Male unknown) — Genital plates slender; heavy medial seta of P4 not larger than ventral setae of P4. Description — Female – Idiosoma dorsally 786 (794-875) long and 664 (591-737) wide, ventrally 818 (810-859) long. Idiosoma without plates or platelets. Gnathosoma with a long narrow projection. Cx-I separated medially. Cxgl-4 lying in a bowing of suture line Cx-III/IV (Figure 11A). Genital field 150 long, slender and only slightly bowed, shorter than gonopore, with three pairs of acetabula; pregenital sclerite 58 wide. Length of P1-5: 30, 82, 90, 120, 38. P4 slender, ventrally with two setae and one medial seta, all more or less of similar size, claw of P5 downturned (Figure 11B). Length of I-leg-4-6: 184, 190, 132. I-leg-5 with an arrow-like anteroventral seta (Figure 11C); downturned distal seta of I-leg-5 probably present, but not in a good position in the slide. Length of IV-leg-4-6: 219, 288, 332. Legs without swimming setae. Male – Unknown. Etymology — Named for the slender palp. Discussion — The two known species of the nominate subspecies have more bowed genital plates and the acetabula are less slender compared to the new species. Moreover, both these species have P4 medially (or ventrally) with a stout, blunt seta, which is larger than the two ventral setae., Published as part of K, Harry Smit, Pešić, Vladimir, K & K, Simon Clavier, 2022, Water mites from French Guiana, with the description of 14 new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 1119-1153 in Acarologia 62 (4) on page 1136

In the present study three water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 are reported from Iran. Atractides yazdensis sp. nov., is decribed as new for science; the hitherto unknown females of A. elburzensis Pešić, Smit & Saboori, 2014 and A. bakhtiari Pešić, Asadi & Saboori, 2016 are described.

Atractides (Atractides) filimonovae sp. n. (Figs 1–7) Type material. Holotype: male, slide 9954, Asia, Russia, Western Siberia, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, State Nature Reserve “Malaya Sosva”, Emugan stream, 61°47′10.8″N 64°30′32.2″E, 13.07.2019, depth 0.5 m, substrates: stones, sand, leg. M. Filimonova. Diagnosis. Male. Coxal plates I+II close to coxal plates III+IV but not forming a coxal shield; capitular bay Ushaped. genital plate wider than long, anterior margin slightly convex, with 27–28 setae on each side; P-2 with very large ventrodistal protrusion, P-3 with six thick setae, ventral margin straight; I-Leg-5 S-1 distinctly thinner than S-2, S-1-2 separation 12–13. Description. Male. Colour in life unknown. The idiosoma oval, integument soft and smooth, muscle insertions unsclerotized. Coxal plates I+II close to coxal plates III+IV at their touching edges, but not forming a coxal shield (Fig. 1). Posteromedial margin of coxal plates I+II rather broad and slightly convex, apodemes of coxal plates II in an acute angle in relation to idiosoma midline. Median suture line between coxal plates I distinct, central sub-dermal projection very small and reaching to posterior margin. Capitular bay U-shaped. The seta and glandularium Hv situated in posterolateral part of coxal plate II. Medial margin of coxal plates III+IV in an obtuse angle, base and glandularium of seta Pe situated near middle of anterior margin of coxal plate IV, posterior margin of coxal plate IV slightly convex. Genital plate (Fig. 2) wider than long (L/W ratio 1.2), anterior margin slightly convex, posterior margin moderately indented, bearing 27– 28 fine setae on each side, acetabula rather large in an obtuse triangle. The setae Pi and Ci separated, excretory pore unsclerotized (Fig. 3). Pedipalp (Fig. 4) stout: P-1 short, thin with a single short dorsodistal seta; P-2 with very large ventrodistal protrusion, bearing five unequal dorsal setae; P-3 with six thick setae (four dorsal, two ventrodistal) and two to three thin ones, ventral margin straight; P-4 stocky, slightly protruding near proximoventral seta, sword seta short pointed located between ventral setae, bases of ventral setae divide tibia into three unequal sectors (3:3:2), dorsolateral setae numerous located in central and distal parts of segment. All legs without swimming setae. I-Leg-5 seta S-1 and S-2 distally narrowed (Fig. 5), bluntly pointed, S-1 longish, S- 2 thicker than S-1, proximally enlarged, distance between S-1 and S-2 short; I-L-6 curved, basally thickened, distally with parallel dorsal and ventral margins, much shorter than I-Leg-5 (I-Leg-5/6 ratio 1.32). Posterior pairs of legs, in particular IV legs, very slender, with a few setae on each segment (Fig. 6). Leg claws with two pointed denticles, internal denticle a little shorter than external one; lamella of with slightly concave ventral margin (Fig. 7). Measurements (n=1). Idiosoma L 600; coxal plates I+II L 265, W 300, mL 125; coxal plates III+IV L 205, W 180; genital plate L 120, W 145; genital acetabula (ac. 1–3) L/W 54/36, 48/30, 48/36; glandularia D: 18–20; pedipalp total L 294, L/H, L/H ratio: P-1, 36/30, 1.2; P-2, 72/63, 1.14; P-3, 78/54, 1.44; P-4, 84/54, 1.55; P-5, 24/12, 2.0; leg segments, L, L/H ratio: I–Leg-1, 54/48, 1.12; I–Leg-2, 60/48, 1.25; I–Leg-3, 90/42, 2.14; I–Leg-4, 140/48, 2.87; I–Leg-5, 175/55, 3.05; I–Leg-6, 115/30, 3.8; II–Leg-1–6, L: 54, 65, 80, 115, 120, 115; III–Leg–1–6, L: 60, 60, 85, 125, 140, 120; IV–Leg–1–6, L: 120, 110, 145, 180, 200, 150; I-Leg-5/6 ratio 1.33; I-Leg-6: HA 32, HB 19, HC 21; I-Leg-6, distance between S-1 and S-2 12 –13, S-1 L/W, L/W ratio 90–10, 9.0, S-2 L/W, L/W 66/12, 5.5, L ratio S-1/ S-2 1.36. Female. Unknown. Remarks. The present species is similar to Atractides (Atractides) alaarchaensis Pešić & Smit, 2018 and A. (Atractides) sonkulensis Pešić & Smit, 2018 in the structure of pedipalp. The new species differs from A. alaarchaensis in the following characters (character states of male A. alaarchaensis are indicated in parenthesis, data from Pešić & Smit 2018): Integument smooth (striated); genital plate wider than long, L/W 120/145 (almost as long as wide, 117– 128/123–134; genital plate with 27–28 setae on each side, Fig. 2 (with 13–14 setae on each side, Fig. 8), pedipalp short, total L 294 (relatively long, total L 304–317), P-2 with very large ventrodistal protrusion, Fig. 4 (ventrodistal protrusion comparatively slightly developed, Figs 9-10), I-Leg-5/6 L ratio 1.33 (1.43). The male A. sonkulensis differs from A. filimonovae sp. n. in coxal field merged to an unique plate, including Vgl-3 (= Pe), P-2 and P-3 with straight ventral margin, genital plate with 14-16 setae on each side (Pešić & Smit 2018). Etymology. The species is named after the collector, Maria Filimonova. Habitat. Running waters. Distribution. Asia: Russia, Western Siberia: Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug., Published as part of Tuzovskij, Petr V., 2022, Two new water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from Asia, pp. 195-200 in Zootaxa 5188 (2) on pages 195-198, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5188.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7087650, {"references":["Pesic, V. & Smit H. (2018) A check list of the water mites of Central Asia with description of six new species (Acari, Hydrachnidia) from Kyrgyzstan. Acarologia, 58 (1), 165 - 185."]}

Atractides (Atractides) aksuensis sp. n. (Figs 11–17) Type series. Holotype: male, slide 9955, Asia, Kazakhstan, Turkestan Province, Tyulkubaskiy District, Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve, Aksu stream, 42°19′36.4″N 70°22′17.8″E, 1350 m, depth about 1 m, substrates large stones, mosses, white sand, 15.08.2019, leg. V. Stolbov. Paratype: 1 male, same locality and data as holotype. Additional material: 1 male, Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve, Ulken-Kaindy stream inflow of Aksu river, 42°23’48.4”N 70°37’27.5”E, 1890 m, depth 0.5 m, substrates: stones mosses, 14.08.2019, leg. V. Stolbov. Diagnosis. Male. Coxal plates I+II close to coxal plates III+IV but not forming a coxal shield; genital plate wider than long, anterior margin straight, with 18-21 setae on each side; capitular bay V-shaped. P-2 with moderately large ventrodistal protrusion, P-3 with six thick setae ventral margin slightly convex distally, I-Leg-5 S-1 and S-2 subequal in width, S-1-2 separation 12–15. Description. Male. Colour in life unknown. The idiosoma oval, integument smooth, muscle insertions unsclerotized. Coxal plates I+II close to coxal plates III+IV at their touching edges, but not forming a coxal shield (Fig. 11). Posteromedial margin of coxal plates I+II rather broad and slightly convex, apodemes of anterior coxal groups short directed laterally. Median suture line between coxal plates I indistinct, central sub-dermal projection small and not reaching to posterior margin. Capitular bay V-shaped. Seta and glandularium Hv situated in posterolateral part of coxal plate II. Medial margin of coxal plates III+IV straight or forming an obtuse angle, glandularium and seta Pe situated near middle of anterior margin of coxal plate IV, posterior margin of coxal plate IV straight or slightly convex. Genital plate (Fig. 12) wider than long (L/W ratio 0.79–0.94), anterior margin straight, posterior margin moderately indented, bearing 19–22 fine setae on each side, acetabula rather large in an obtuse triangle. The setae Pi and Ci separated, excretory pore unsclerotized (Fig. 13). Pedipalp (Fig. 14) stout: P-1 short, thin with a single short dorsodistal seta; P-2 ventral margin convex distally, bearing five unequal dorsal setae; one or both distal setae longer than proximal ones; P-3 with six thick setae (four dorsal and two distventral) and two to four thin ones, ventral margin slightly convex distally; P-4 slightly protruding near proximoventral seta, sword seta short pointed and located between ventral setae, bases of ventral setae divide tibia into three unequal sectors (3:2:2), dorsolateral setae numerous located in central and distal parts of segment. All legs without swimming setae. I-Leg-5 seta S-1and S-2 distally narrowed (Fig. 15), bluntly pointed, S-1 longish, S-2 thicker than S-1, proximally enlarged, distance between S-1 and S-2 short; I-L-6 ventral margin strong curved, basally thickened, in the centre narrowed, distally with almost parallel dorsal and ventral margins, much shorter than I-Leg-5 (I- Leg-5/6 ratio 1.47–1.68). Posterior legs, in particular IV legs, very slender, with a few setae on each segment (Fig. 16). Leg claws with two pointed denticles, ventral clawlet a little shorter than external one; lamella of with concave ventral margin (Fig. 17). Measurements (n=3). Idiosoma L 680–810, W 440–525; coxal plates I+II L 215–230, W 210, mL 115–120; coxal plates III+IV L 195–240, W 170–180; genital plate L 105–125, W 120–145; genital acetabula (ac. 1–3) L/W: 42–48/34– 42, 42–54/24–30, 42–48/30–42; glandularia D: 15–18; pedipalp total L 260–295, L/H, L/H ratio: P-1, 24–30/28–30, 0.9–1.0; P-2, 60–65/53–55, 1.1–1.2; P-3, 68–72/34–36, 1.9–2.0; P-4, 78–102/40–42, 1.85–2.4; P-5, 23–25/11.5–12, 2.0; leg segments, L, L/H ratio: I–Leg-1, 48–55, 1.14–1.28; I–Leg-2, 75–90, 1.85–1.90; I–Leg-3, 84–90, 2.0–2.14; I–Leg-4, 125–150, 3.06–3.12; I–Leg-5, 150–162, 3.37–3.57; I–Leg-6, 95–102, 3.4–3.55; II–Leg-1–6, L: 54–60, 50–80, 75–100, 100–110, 105–115, 115–120; III–Leg–1–6, L: 50–60, 55–70, 75–85, 120–125, 135–145, 120–132; IV–Leg–1–6, L: 95– 115, 90–95, 120–140, 180–190, 205–220, 160–180; I-Leg-6: HA = 29–32, HB = 16–19, HC =19–22; I-Leg-6, distance between S-1 and S-2 12 –15; S-1 L/W, L/W ratio 70–90/11–12, 6.36–7.5; S-2 L/W, L/W ratio 62–70/12–13.8, 5.07–5.16. Female. Unknown. Differential diagnosis. The present species is closely related to Atractides filimonovae sp. n.. The new species differs from A. filimonovae sp. n. in the following characters (character states of male A. filimonova e sp. n. are indicated in parenthesis): the genital plate with straight anterior margin, bearing 18–21 fine setae on each side, Fig. 12 (with slightly convex posterior margin and bearing 27–28 setae, Fig. 2); capitular bay U-shaped, Fig. 1 (V-shaped, Fig. 11); I-Leg-5 S-1 and S-2 subequal in width, Fig. 15 (S-1 distinctly thinner than S-2, Fig. 5). Etymology. The species is named after the river (Aksu) where it was collected. Habitat. Running waters. Distribution. Asia: Kazakhstan: Turkestan Province., Published as part of Tuzovskij, Petr V., 2022, Two new water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) from Asia, pp. 195-200 in Zootaxa 5188 (2) on pages 198-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5188.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7087650

Atractides (Atractides) smiti Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D2DA763A-88E0-4432-810F-76BC5FBF1F3B Figs 4–5 Diagnosis Muscle attachments between D 3 sclerotized. I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 both with blunt tips and with a narrow setal interspace between them; I-L-6 curved. Ac in an obtuse triangle; V1 fused to V2, excretory pore surrounded by sclerotized ring. P-2 and P-3 ventral margin slightly straight; P-4 divided by two ventral hairs in sectors 3:3:2, sword seta at the middle of P-4. Etymology The species is named after Dr Harry Smit in appreciation of his contributions to the taxonomy of water mites. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Qinghai Province, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zeku County, Maixiu Town; 35°18′64′′ N, 101°52′32′′ E; 3201 m a.s.l.; 17 Jul. 2020; Hai-Tao Li leg.; running water; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020071706. Description Male Idiosoma oval; O2 and L1 at the same level; setae of D1 about two thirds of the distance from D1 to D2; setae of D 2 reaching to the level of D 3 ; muscle attachments between D 3 sclerotized; all setae surrounded by sclerites; So 1 in front of A 2 , So 2 at the same level as D 1 , So 3 near D 2 , So 4 at the same level as D 3 , So 5 behind D 4 (Fig. 4A). ACG fused together and with a suture, apodemes of ACG reaching to Cx-III; genital field with a development sclerotization, the anterior part of Ap with a projection, Ac in an obtuse triangle, Ac2 near Ac3 rather than Ac1, Ac3 the biggest; V1 fused to V2, V3 and V4 forming a trapezoid, V4 at the same level as the anterior of acetabular plate; excretory pore surrounded by sclerotized ring (Fig. 4B). Palp five-segmented; P-2 and P-3 ventral margins slightly straight; P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, and divided by two ventral hairs in sectors 3:3:2, sword seta at the middle of P-4 (Fig. 4E). I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 both with blunt tips and with a narrow setal interspace between them; I-L-6 curved (Fig. 5A). Measurements Male (n = 1) Idiosoma L 513, W 369; coxal field L 264, Cx-III W 164, ACG IL 175, mL 103, W 216; infracapitular bay L 97; genital field L 131, Ac1–3 L 26, 28, 27; chelicera L 145; infracapitulum L 125; palp dL: P-1 23, P-2 49, P-3 49, P-4 70, P-5 26; legs segments: I-L-1 dL 38, I-L-2 dL 74, I-L-3 dL 67, I-L-4 dL 107, I-L-5 dL 122, HB 37, I-L-6 dL 72, HB 19, S-1 L 54, S-2 L 60; dL: II-L-1 32, II-L-2 61, II-L-3 57, II-L-4 82, II-L-5 85, II-L-6 91; dL: III-L-1 36, III-L-2 64, III-L-3 61, III-L-4 95, III-L-5 106, III-L-6 103; dL: IV-L-1 70, IV-L-2 83, IV-L-3 107, IV-L-4 138, IV-L-5 148, IV-L-6 129. Female Unknown. Remarks The new species Atractides (Atractides) smiti sp. nov. is similar to Atractides protendens K.O. Viets, 1955 in the following points: (1) P-2 and P-3 ventral margins slightly straight; (2) S-1 and S-2 with a narrow setal interspace between them; (3) the anterior part of Ap with a projection; (4) apodemes of ACG reaching to Cx-III. However, A. (A.) smiti differs from A. protendens in the following aspects: (1) V1 fused to V 2 in A. (A.) smiti, but not fused in A. protendens; (2) excretory pore surrounded by sclerotized ring in A. (A.) smiti, but smooth in A. protendens; (3) the I-L-6 of A. (A.) smiti more curved than that of A. protendens (Gerecke 2003)., Published as part of Zhang, Yu-Hao, Li, Hai-Tao, Li, Cai-Yun & Guo, Jian-Jun, 2022, New species of genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) from Qinghai, China, pp. 121-142 in European Journal of Taxonomy 833 (1) on pages 127-129, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.833.1889, http://zenodo.org/record/6958174, {"references":["Gerecke R. 2003. Water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Parasitengona: Hygrobatidae) in the western Palaearctic region: a revision. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138 (2 - 3): 141 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.06 - 0.00051. x"]}

Atractides (Atractides) xianmiensis Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FB29B7EB-1A14-450E-80E2-4795C3B299EA Figs 11–13 Diagnosis Male Dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized. I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 both with blunt tips and with a setal interspace between them; I-L-6 straight. Ac in an obtuse triangle; V 1 separated from V 2 . P-2 and P-3 with a ventral projection respectively, P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, ventral hairs long, one at the middle of the surface, and the other one at the terminal of lateral edge, sword seta at the middle of P-4. Female Ac in a weakly curved line. P-2 with a ventral projection, P-3 ventral margin slightly convex, P-4 divided by two ventral hairs in sectors 1:1:1. Etymology The new species is named after the name of the Xianmi National Nature Reserve where the specimens were collected. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Qinghai Province, Xianmi National Nature Reserve; 37°10′56′′ N, 102°20′03′′ E; 2949 m a.s.l.; 29 Jul. 2020; Hai-Tao Li leg.; running water; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020072910. Paratypes CHINA • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slides No. QH-HY-2020072911 to 2020072913 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slides No. QH-HY-2020072914, 2020072915. Description Male (n = 4) Idiosoma oval, dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized; So 1 near eye capsule; So 2 at the same level as D 1 ; So 3 at the same level as D 2 ; So 4 in front of L 4 ; So 5 behind D 4 (Fig. 11A). ACG fused together and with a suture, apodemes of ACG well developed, and reaching to Cx-III; Ac in an obtuse triangle, Ac3 biggest; V 1 separated far from V 2 , V 3 and V 4 forming a rectangle, V 4 at the same level as the anterior part of acetabular plate (Fig. 11B). Palp five-segmented; P-2 and P-3 with a ventral projection respectively, P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, ventral hairs long, one at the middle of the surface, and the other one at the terminal of lateral edge, sword seta at the middle of P-4 (Fig. 11E). I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 with blunt tips and with a setal interspace between them; I-L-6 straight (Fig. 13A). Female (n = 2) Similar to male (Fig. 12). Ac in a weakly curved line (Fig. 12B). P-2 with a ventral projection, P-3 ventral margin slightly convex, P-4 divided by two ventral hairs in sectors 1:1:1 (Fig. 11F). Measurements Male (n = 4) Idiosoma L 724 (724–896), W 605 (605–734); coxal field L 351 (351–395), Cx-III W 426 (426–483), ACG IL 251 (251–287), mL 131 (131–159), W 329 (329–372); infracapitular bay L 132 (132–160); genital field L 131 (131–144), Ac1–3 L 39 (36–41), 32 (32–43), 36 (36–46); chelicera L 227 (227–267); infracapitulum L 207 (207–239); palp dL: P-1 30 (30–37), P-2 69 (69–80), P-3 76 (76–89), P-4 107 (107–121), P-5 34 (33–34); Legs segments: I-L-1 dL 47 (47–56), I-L-2 dL 107 (107–126), I-L-3 dL 110 (110–125), I-L-4 dL 165 (165–191), I-L-5 dL 188 (188–214), HB 42 (42–46), I-L-6 dL 145 (145–160), HB 34 (32–34), S-1 L 67 (67–73), S-2 L 58 (58–65); dL: II-L-1 55 (47–59), II-L-2 94 (94–108), II-L-3 100 (100–113), II-L-4 141 (141–162), II-L-5 161 (161–184), II-L-6 154 (154–174); dL: III-L-1 54 (51– 63), III-L-2 93 (93–112), III-L-3 109 (109–124), III-L-4 166 (166–191), III-L-5 194 (194–226), III-L-6 178 (178–200); dL: IV-L-1 131 (129–137), IV-L-2 154 (154–161), IV-L-3 187 (187–211), IV-L-4 240 (240–274), IV-L-5 260 (260–303), IV-L-6 224 (224–246). Female (n = 2) Idiosoma L 925 (1215), W 754 (1042); coxal field L 403 (422), Cx-III W 515 (576), ACG IL 303 (323), mL 133 (131), W 405 (403); infracapitular bay L 180 (179); gonopore L 145 (190), Ap L 156 (156), Ac1–3 L 49 (48), 43 (45), 43 (46); chelicera L 291 (297); infracapitulum L 269 (268); palp dL: P-1 36 (46), P-2 84 (88), P-3 97 (103), P-4 124 (123), P-5 36 (39); legs segments: I-L-1 dL 59 (64), I-L-2 dL 122 (136), I-L-3 dL 131 (141), I-L-4 dL 193 (205), I-L-5 dL 220 (227), HB 47 (47), I-L-6 dL 165 (173), HB 39 (35), S-1 L 87 (78), S-2 L 74 (72); dL: II-L-1 64 (50), II-L-2 108 (106), II-L-3 121 (133), II-L-4 166 (180), II-L-5 188 (200), II-L-6 175 (186); dL: III-L-1 54 (68), III-L-2 114 (112), III-L-3 131 (142), III-L-4 198 (212), III-L-5 233 (241), III-L-6 208 (215); dL: IV-L-1 150 (160), IV-L-2 162 (174), IV-L-3 211 (228), IV-L-4 270 (293), IV-L-5 246 (314), IV-L-6 211 (265). Remarks The new species Atractides (Atractides) xianmiensis sp. nov. is similar to Atractides inflatus Walter, 1925 in the following points: (1) P-2 and P-3 of the male both with a ventral projection respectively; (2) V 1 not fused to V 2 ; (3) S-1 and S-2 both with blunt tips and with a setal interspace between them; (4) Ac in an obtuse triangle in the male and in a weakly curved line in the female. However, A. (A.) xianmiensis differs from A. inflatus in the following aspects: (1) apodemes of ACG in female well developed and reaching to Cx-III in A. (A.) xianmiensis, but not reaching to Cx-III in A. inflatus; (2) I-L-6 straight in A. (A.) xianmiensis, but curved in A. inflatus (Gerecke 2003)., Published as part of Zhang, Yu-Hao, Li, Hai-Tao, Li, Cai-Yun & Guo, Jian-Jun, 2022, New species of genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) from Qinghai, China, pp. 121-142 in European Journal of Taxonomy 833 (1) on pages 137-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.833.1889, http://zenodo.org/record/6958174, {"references":["Gerecke R. 2003. Water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Parasitengona: Hygrobatidae) in the western Palaearctic region: a revision. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138 (2 - 3): 141 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.06 - 0.00051. x"]}

Atractides (Atractides) longiprojectus Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A043146A-40FB-45E2-888A-3613E5A14165 Figs 9–10 Diagnosis Dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized, setae of D 1 and D 2 significantly longer than others, setae of D 1 nearly reaching to D2, setae of D2 extending beyond D3. I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 with a narrow setal interspace between them, S-1 longer than S-2. I-L-6 straight. Ac in a weakly curved line; V 1 separated from V 2 . P-2 with an unobvious ventral projection; P-3 ventral margin slightly convex; the ventral edge of P-4 divided by two long hairs in 2:1:2, sword seta at two thirds of P-4. Etymology The Latin prefix ‘ longi -’ means long, ACG of the female of this new species is with a particularly long hind projection. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♀; Qinghai Province, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Quankou Town; 37°31′31′′ N, 101°81′12′′ E; 2691 m a.s.l.; 29 Jul. 2020; Hai-Tao Li leg.; running water; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020072907. Paratypes CHINA • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slides No. QH-HY-2020072908, 2020072909. Description Female (n = 3) Idiosoma oval, dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized; O2 and D1 at the same level; setae of D1 and D 2 significantly longer than others, setae of D 1 nearly reaching to D 2 , setae of D 2 extending beyond D 3 ; all slit organs visible, So 1 near the eye capsule, So 2 at the same level as D 1 , So 3 near D 2 , So 4 in front of L 4 , So 5 behind of D 4 (Fig. 9A). Coxal group occupying a half of ventral surface, projections from ACG extending to Cx-IV; Ac in a weakly curved line; V1 separated from V2; V3 and V4 forming a rectangle, V4 at the same level as the anterior of acetabular plate (Fig. 9B). Palp five-segmented; P-2 with an unobvious ventral projection; P-3 ventral margin slightly convex; P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, the ventral edge of P-4 divided by two long hairs in 2:1:2, sword seta at two thirds of P-4 (Fig. 9E). I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 with a narrow setal interspace, S-1 longer than S-2. I-L-6 straight (Fig. 10A). Measurements Female (n = 3) Idiosoma L 530 (530–663), W 419 (419–547); coxal field L 320 (320–361), Cx-III W 353 (353–406), ACG IL 244 (244–295), mL 126 (126–163), W 297 (296–336); infracapitular bay L 143 (133–151); gonopore L 98 (98–118), Ap L 120 (118–128), Ac1–3 L 35 (35–41), 39 (39–45), 30 (30–38); chelicera L 251 (251–275); infracapitulum L 227 (226–239); palp dL: P-1 35 (32–35), P-2 68 (68–79), P-3 75 (75–82), P-4 106 (106–110), P-5 27 (27–31); legs segments: I-L-1 dL 45 (45–53), I-L-2 dL 103 (100– 113), I-L-3 dL 103 (96–112), I-L-4 dL 153 (152–163), I-L-5 dL 166 (166–180), HB 37 (37–39), I-L-6 dL 134 (134–144), HB 34 (34–37), S-1 L 57 (57–72), S-2 L 47 (46–54); dL: II-L-1 53 (53–56), II-L-2 96 (89–104), II-L-3 96 (92–102), II-L-4 130 (130–141), II-L-5 140 (140–153), II-L-6 141 (140–152); dL: III-L-1 53 (51–59), III-L-2 87 (79–106), III-L-3 101 (101–115), III-L-4 154 (153–168), III-L-5 178 (170–189), III-L-6 163 (160–178); dL: IV-L-1 108 (108–120), IV-L-2 141 (135–141), IV-L-3 182 (178–195), IV-L-4 219 (219–239), IV-L-5 246 (234–255), IV-L-6 204 (197–218). Male Unknown. Remarks The new species Atractides (Atractides) longiprojectus sp. nov. is similar to Atractides inflatipalpis K. Viets, 1950 in the following points: (1) V 1 separated from V 2 ; (2) S-1 longer than S-2; (3) P-2 with an unobvious ventral projection. However, A. (A.) longiprojectus differs from A. inflatipalpis in the following aspects: (1) P-3 ventral margin slightly convex in A. (A.) longiprojectus, but straight in A. inflatipalpis; (2) I-L-6 straight in A. (A.) longiprojectus, but curved in A. inflatipalpis; (3) the pregenital sclerite of A. inflatipalpis in female much bigger than A. (A.) longiprojectus (Gerecke 2003)., Published as part of Zhang, Yu-Hao, Li, Hai-Tao, Li, Cai-Yun & Guo, Jian-Jun, 2022, New species of genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) from Qinghai, China, pp. 121-142 in European Journal of Taxonomy 833 (1) on pages 133-134, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.833.1889, http://zenodo.org/record/6958174, {"references":["Gerecke R. 2003. Water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Parasitengona: Hygrobatidae) in the western Palaearctic region: a revision. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138 (2 - 3): 141 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.06 - 0.00051. x"]}

Atractides (Atractides) menyuanensis Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C836E7CF-0A50-4334-AA1D-DDE500DDBCF8 Figs 6–8 Diagnosis Dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized. I-L-5 longish, S-1 close to S-2. I-L-6 curved. Ac in an obtuse triangle; V 1 separated from V 2 . P-2 ventral margin slightly convex; P-3 ventral margin nearly straight; two long hairs on the ventral surface of P-4 near the base, sword seta near the base. Ac in a weakly curved line in female. Etymology The new species is named after the name of Menyuan Hui Autonomous County where the specimens were collected. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Qinghai Province, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County; 37°31′31′′ N, 101°21′09′′ E; 2427 m a.s.l.; 29 Jul. 2020; Hai-Tao Li leg.; running water; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020072901. Paratypes CHINA • 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slides No. QH-HY-2020072902 to 2020072906. Description Male (n = 1) Idiosoma oval, dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized; all slit organs visible, So 1 near the eye capsule, So 2 near L 2 , So 3 at the level of D 2 , So 4 at the level of D 3 , So 5 on the outside of D 4 (Fig. 6A). ACG fused together and with a suture, PCG separated; apodemes from ACG not reaching to PCG; Ac in an obtuse triangle; V 1 separated from V 2 ; V 3 and V 4 forming a trapezoid, V 4 at the same level as the anterior of acetabular plate (Fig. 6B). Palp five-segmented; P-2 ventral margin slightly convex; P-3 ventral margin nearly straight; P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, two long hairs on the ventral surface of P-4 near the base, sword seta near the base (Fig. 6E). I-L-5 longish, S-1 close to S-2; I-L-6 curved (Fig. 8A). Female (n = 5) Similar to male (Figs 6F, 7). Idiosoma oval; ACG and PCG significantly smaller than the male; Ac in a weakly curved line (Fig. 7B). Measurements Male (n = 1) Idiosoma L 708, W 582; coxal field L 352, Cx-III W 415, ACG IL 232, mL 92, W 323; infracapitular bay L 146; genital field L 141, Ac1–3 L 35, 35, 38; chelicera L 223; infracapitulum L 210; palp dL: P-1 37, P-2 70, P-3 63, P-4 122, P-5 31; legs segments: I-L-1 dL 57, I-L-2 dL 106, I-L-3 dL 101, I-L-4 dL 139, I-L-5 dL 182, HB 50, I-L-6 dL 102, HB 32, S-1 L 58, S-2 L 58; dL: II-L-1 57, II-L-2 95, II-L-3 93, II-L-4 135, II-L-5 158, II-L-6 157; dL: III-L-1 55, III-L-2 102, III-L-3 114, III-L-4 165, III-L-5 191, III-L-6 180; dL: IV-L-1 118, IV-L-2 138, IV-L-3 181, IV-L-4 240, IV-L-5 272, IV-L-6 217. Female (n = 5) Idiosoma L 1074 (1050–1113), W 935 (868–935); coxal field L 385 (385–432), Cx-III W 575 (550– 585), ACG IL 248 (248–299), mL 111 (111–130), W 373 (373–417); infracapitular bay L 130 (105– 163); gonopore L 168 (161–190), Ap L 157 (145–171), Ac1–3 L 38 (34–48), 39 (39–49), 37 (32–48); chelicera L 264 (253–283); infracapitulum L 215 (214–244); palp dL: P-1 46 (40–46), P-2 75 (75–86), P-3 66 (66–80), P-4 126 (121–145), P-5 37 (36–37); legs segments: I-L-1 dL 62 (62–77), I-L-2 dL 106 (106–136), I-L-3 dL 107 (107–126), I-L-4 dL 153 (151–176), I-L-5 dL 200 (200–233), HB 53 (53–59), I-L-6 dL 120 (120–132), HB 31 (31–36), S-1 L 63 (62–68), S-2 L 63 (62–69); dL: II-L-1 61 (61–72), II-L-2 93 (93–109), II-L-3 109 (98–124), II-L-4 144 (142–163), II-L-5 168 (168–204), II-L-6 170 (170– 191); dL: III-L-1 67 (65–84), III-L-2 102 (102–116), III-L-3 119 (115–137), III-L-4 178 (178–203), III-L-5 208 (206–233), III-L-6 200 (190–212); dL: IV-L-1 149 (129–149), IV-L-2 159 (156–179), IV-L-3 202 (191–234), IV-L-4 261 (252–294), IV-L-5 286 (276–321), IV-L-6 232 (223–255). Remarks The new species Atractides (Atractides) menyuanensis sp. nov. is similar to Atractides algeriensis Lundblad, 1942 in the following points: (1) apodemes from ACG not reaching to Cx-IV; (2) P-2 ventral margin slightly convex, P-3 ventral margin nearly straight; (3) Ac in a weakly curved line in female. However, A. (A.) menyuanensis differs from A. algeriensis in following aspects: (1) two long hairs on the ventral surface of P-4 near the base, sword seta near the base in A. (A.) menyuanensis, but the ventral surface of P-4 divided by two long ventral hairs in 1:1:1, sword seta at the middle of P- 4 in A. algeriensis; (2) S-1 much more close to S- 2 in A. (A.) menyuanensis than in A. algeriensis; (3) I-L-6 of A. algeriensis much longer and more slender than that of A. (A.) menyuanensis (Gerecke 2003)., Published as part of Zhang, Yu-Hao, Li, Hai-Tao, Li, Cai-Yun & Guo, Jian-Jun, 2022, New species of genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) from Qinghai, China, pp. 121-142 in European Journal of Taxonomy 833 (1) on pages 131-133, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.833.1889, http://zenodo.org/record/6958174, {"references":["Gerecke R. 2003. Water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Parasitengona: Hygrobatidae) in the western Palaearctic region: a revision. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138 (2 - 3): 141 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.06 - 0.00051. x"]}

The paper deals with five new species of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) collected from Qinghai Province, P.R. China, Atractides (Atractides) biprojectus Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov., Atractides (Atractides) smiti Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov., Atractides (Atractides) menyuanensis Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov., Atractides (Atractides) longiprojectus Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. and Atractides (Atractides) xianmiensis Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. All the new species are described and illustrated in detail, and all the type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

Atractides (Atractides) biprojectus Zhang, Li & Guo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 06CA408F-1FC6-4FD0-AA2A-E94B784621C0 Figs 1–3 Diagnosis Male Dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized. I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 with blunt tips and with a narrow setal interspace between them; I-L-6 curved. Ac in an obtuse triangle, V1 separated from V2. P-2 and P-3 with a ventral projection respectively; P-4 divided by two long ventral hairs in sectors 2:3:1, sword seta between two ventral hair insertions and near the terminal. Female Similar to male. Ventral projection of P-2 not obvious, and P-3 ventral margin nearly straight. Etymology The Latin prefix ‘ bi -’ means two, in the male of the new species P-2 and P-3 are with a ventral projection respectively. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Qinghai Province, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zeku County, Maixiu Town; 35°18′64′′ N, 101°52′32′′ E; 3201 m a.s.l.; 17 Jul. 2020; Hai-Tao Li leg.; running water; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020071701. Paratypes CHINA • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slides No. QH-HY-2020071702 to 2020071704 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; GUGC, Slide No. QH-HY-2020071705. Description Male (n = 4) Idiosoma oval; dorsal muscle attachment unsclerotized, O 2 and D 1 at the same level; setae of D 1 and D 2 longer than others, setae of D 2 reaching to D 3; all slit organs visible, So 1 near the eye capsule and at the level of O 1 , So 2 in front of L 2 , So 3 near D 2 , So 4 at the middle of D 3 and L 4 ; So 5 behind D 4 (Fig. 1A). ACG fused together and with a suture, PCG separated; apodemes from ACG not reaching to Cx-IV. Acetabula three pairs and in an obtuse triangle; V 1 separated from V 2 ; V 3 and V 4 forming a trapezoid, V 4 at the same level as the middle of Ap (Fig. 1B). Palp five-segmented; P-2 and P-3 with a ventral projection respectively; P-4 with numerous dorsal hairs, and divided by two long ventral hairs in sectors 2:3:1, sword seta between two ventral hair insertions and near the terminal (Fig. 1E). I-L-5 longish, S-1 and S-2 both with blunt tips and with a narrow setal interspace between them; I-L-6 curved (Fig. 3A). Female (n = 1) Similar to male (Fig. 2). Setae of D1 and D2 shorter than that in male (Fig. 2A); ventral projection of P-2 not obvious, and P-3 ventral margin nearly straight (Fig. 1F). Measurements Male (n = 4) Idiosoma L 641 (585–645), W 546 (443–546); coxal field L 316 (314–325), Cx-III W 333 (333–347), ACG IL 237 (234–239), mL 125 (107–125), W 268 (268–284); infracapitular bay L 123 (118–127); genital field L 120 (119–120), Ac1–3 L 34 (33–38), 34 (34–42), 37(37–40); chelicera L 205 (204–207); infracapitulum L 159 (140–177); palp dL: P-1 29 (29–32), P-2 74 (68–74), P-3 62(59–66), P-4 95(95– 99), P-5 27 (27–29); legs segments: I-L-1 dL 48 (46–52), I-L-2 dL 93 (89–93), I-L-3 dL 80 (78–80), I-L-4 dL 119 (119–125), I-L-5 dL 163 (163–176), HB 53 (53–60), I-L-6 dL 119 (119–122), HB 22 (21–22), S-1 L 90 (78–90), S-2 L 74 (74–75); dL: II-L-1 47 (47–50), II-L-2 82 (74–82), II-L-3 71 (70–74), II-L-4 92 (92–102), II-L-5 116 (116–120), II-L-6 124 (124–127); dL: III-L-1 56 (53–57), III-L-2 90 (81–90), III-L-3 75 (73–77), III-L-4 124 (124–125), III-L-5 146 (146–154), III-L-6 141 (133–147); dL: IV-L-1 117 (117–120), IV-L-2 105 (102–113), IV-L-3 138 (135–138), IV-L-4 174 (174–180), IV-L-5 199 (199–208), IV-L-6 163 (162–170). Female (n = 1) Idiosoma L 902, W 721; coxal field L 390, Cx-III W 477, ACG IL 272, mL 137, W 355; infracapitular bay L 165; gonopore L 146, Ap L 140, Ac1–3 L 43, 47, 47; chelicera L 267; infracapitulum L 222; palp dL: P-1 38, P-2 84, P-3 84, P-4 123, P-5 34; legs segments: I-L-1 dL 64, I-L-2 dL 113, I-L-3 dL 114, I-L-4 dL 176, I-L-5 dL 242, HB 77, I-L-6 dL171, HB 26, S-1 L 120, S-2 L 106; dL: II-L-1 72, II-L-2 98, II-L-3 96, II-L-4 135, II-L-5 153, II-L-6 162; dL: III-L-1 69, III-L-2 100, III-L-3 107, III-L-4 168, III-L-5 193, III-L-6 181; dL: IV-L-1 153, IV-L-2 141, IV-L-3 184, IV-L-4 231, IV-L-5 267, IV-L-6 211. Remarks The new species Atractides (Atractides) biprojectus sp. nov. is similar to Atractides yazdensis Pešić, Smit & Saboori, 2021 in the following points: (1) male P-2 and P-3 with ventral projections; (2) setae S-1 and S-2 separated, with a narrow setal interspace; (3) V 1 separated from V 2 . However, A. (A.) biprojectus differs from A. yazdensis in following aspects: (1) P-4 sword seta between two ventral hair insertions in A. (A.) biprojectus, but slightly proximal to posteroventral hair in A. yazdensis; (2) apodemes from ACG not reaching to Cx-IV in A. (A.) biprojectus, but reaching to Cx-IV in A. yazdensis; (3) genital field of A. (A.) biprojectus much rounder than that of in A. yazdensis (Pešić et al. 2021)., Published as part of Zhang, Yu-Hao, Li, Hai-Tao, Li, Cai-Yun & Guo, Jian-Jun, 2022, New species of genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae, Hygrobatidae) from Qinghai, China, pp. 121-142 in European Journal of Taxonomy 833 (1) on pages 123-127, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.833.1889, http://zenodo.org/record/6958174, {"references":["Pesic V., Smit H. & Saboori A. 2021. New records of the water mite genus Atractides Koch, 1837 from Iran (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae). Ecologica Montenegrina 44: 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2021.44.1","Pesic V. & Smit H. 2021 a. A new species of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 from Turkey (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae). Ecologica Montenegrina 43: 44 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2021.43.6"]}

Here we provide first data on the apparently rich water mite fauna of Belize. In this work 27 genera in 14 families were registered at ten sites. The state of knowledge on water mites of El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Southern Mexico (South of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec) is described and similarities with the presented data are discussed. In total, 23 families, 61 genera are now known from Northern Central America, with one family (Hungarohydracaridae) and three genera (Santiagocarus, Neoaxona (Lamellaxona), Stygarrenurus) published for the first time from this region in the present study.

The present study is based on material collected in August 2013 during a collecting trip of the authors to Kyrgyzstan. Hygrobates tienshanensis n. sp. is described based on males collected from two springs in Tian Shian Mountains, at altitudes of 1750-2100 meters. In addition, new records of H. kirgizicus Sokolow, 1935 and H. bucharicus Sokolow, 1928 are given.

Water mites of the genus Corticacarus Lundblad, 1936 (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) are among the most widespread and abundant riverine genera in the Neotropics. In this paper we reported 12 species of the genus Corticacarus from streams and rivers from Argentina, Chile and Costa Rica. Two species from Chile (Corticacarus cooki. sp. nov.) and Costa Rica (C. habeebi sp. nov.), respectively, are described as new for science. The number of species of this genus now tallies 71 species.

Hygrobates calliger Piersig, 1896 Hygrobates calliger, a rhitrobiontic species, inhabiting lower, middle and high order streams, is widely distributed in the Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). A single specimen collected in the Mornos River in Greece and successfully barcoded in this study, matches the description of H. calliger. The final alignment for species delimitation using COI sequence data in this study comprised sequences of 12 specimens of Hygrobates calliger, and two species, H. foreli and H. fluviatilis were used as outgroups (Table 6). The final alignment consisted of 658 nucleotide positions. The neighbour-joining (NJ) tree is presented in Fig. 4. We delineated three H. calliger haplogroups. The sequences from Italy form a strongly supported clade (HygC-I) recovered as a sister clade of the haplogroup (HygC-II) which includes specimens from Montenegro, Greece and Norway. The presence of a high 19.6±2.2% K2P divergence between these two clades indicates that these represents separate species. The Italian populations should be probably assigned to Hygrobates italicus Thor, 1927, a member of calliger -species group. This species was originally described by Thor (1927) from Arno stream in Toscana (Italy) but was later on synonymized with H. calliger. Two specimens from Montenegro and Germany form a third cluster (HygC-III). In our COI tree, the latter haplogroup was recovered as a sister clade to the two other H. calliger clades with a high interspecific distance which ranged from 17.0±1.9 to 20.9±2.2% K2P (Table 7) indicating the species status of this clade. To clarify the taxonomic status of the above described H. calliger barcode lineages, more specimens from Europe should be barcoded including specimens from the type localities of H. calliger and H. italicus., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Jovanović, Milica, Manović, Ana, Karaouzas, Ioannis & Smit, Harry, 2021, New records of water mites from the Balkans revealed by DNA barcoding (Acari, Hydrachnidia), pp. 20-34 in Ecologica Montenegrina 49 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.37828/em.2021.49.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8044105, {"references":["Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Chelicerata: Acari III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, 7 / 2 - 3, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5","Thor, S. (1927) Vorlaufige Revision der Gattung Hygrobates C. L. Koch, 1837, mit phylogenetischen Bemerkungen. Norsk Entomologisk Tidskrift, 2, 118 - 148."]}

Hygrobates longiporus Thor, 1898 Hygrobates longiporus is a widely distributed species in the Palaearctic, inhabiting various types of standing waters and pools of streams (Gerecke et al. 2016). We successfully barcoded one specimen from Greece and Serbia, respectively, and two specimens from south-western Turkey, which match the description of H. longiporus. The final alignment for species delimitation using COI sequence data comprised sequences of 7 specimens morphologically assigned to H. longiporus and one specimen of H. meditterraneus (as outgroup). The final alignment consisted of 658 nucleotide positions. The neighbour-joining (NJ) tree is presented in Fig. 5. We obtained two haplogroups of H. longiporus (Fig. 5). The first highly supported clade (HygL-I) contains sequences from the Balkans (Serbia and Greece) and two sequences from Turkey. This clade is placed as the sister clade of specimens from Norway identified also as H. longiporus (HygL-2); the distance (24.3±2.2% K2P) between these clades is very high, suggesting long independent history of these two species. Hygrobates longiporus was originally described from Norway (Thor 1898) and can be assumed that this species corresponds to Clade I-type in our analysis. The second clade in our analysis appears to be widespread in the Mediterranean and there is a possibility that this species corresponds to H. falcilaminatus Walter, 1926. The latter species was originally described from Azrou, Morocco (Walter 1926), reported from Spain and France, and later on synonymized with H. longiporus by Lundblad (1956) (see also Gerecke 1991 for a discussion about this species). Unfortunately, no sequence is available for H. falcilaminatus. Over the last two years, we have tried in collaboration with Youness Mabrouki (Morocco) to collect specimens of H. falcilaminatus from its locus typicus, unfortunately without success. This clade should be left unnamed until the sequences of the latter species are available., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Jovanović, Milica, Manović, Ana, Karaouzas, Ioannis & Smit, Harry, 2021, New records of water mites from the Balkans revealed by DNA barcoding (Acari, Hydrachnidia), pp. 20-34 in Ecologica Montenegrina 49 on page 30, DOI: 10.37828/em.2021.49.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8044105, {"references":["Thor, S. (1898) Nye hydrachnideformer, fundne i Norge sommeren 1898, Forelobig meddelelse. Archiv for Mathematik og Naturvidenskab, 20 (12), 1 - 12","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Chelicerata: Acari III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, 7 / 2 - 3, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5","Walter, C. (1926) Hydracariens du Maroc. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, Rabat, Paris, Londres, 6 (7 - 8), 129 - 157."]}

New records of water mites from Serbia, North Macedonia and Greece revealed by DNA barcoding are presented. DNA barcodes were recovered from 63 water mite specimens morphologically assigned to 32 species. One species Lebertia algeriensis Lundblad, 1942, is reported for the first time for the Balkans; four species, i.e. Lebertia fimbriata Thor, 1899, L. rivulorum K. Viets, 1933, Atractides stankovici Pešić & Gerecke, 2010, and Wettina lacustris Pešić & Smit, 2018 are new for North Macedonia; Monatractides madritensis (K. Viets, 1930) and Mideopsis roztoczensis Biesiadka & Kowalik, 1979 are new for Serbia; and Hygrobates mediterraneus Pešić, 2020 is new for Greece. Comparing sequences of our study with the available COI sequences we recognized five possible cases of cryptic diversity involving species clusters with more than 5% divergence indicating that these species need further study.

Hygrobates trigonicus Koenike, 1895 Hygrobates trigonicus is a rhitrobiontic species, known from the Western Palaearctic (Gerecke et al. 2016). Three specimens from Greece, successfully barcoded in our study, match the description of H. trigonicus. The final alignment for species delimitation using COI sequence data comprised sequences of five specimens morphologically assigned of Hygrobates trigonicus and one outgroup, Hygrobates longipapis to root the tree. The final alignment consisted of 664 nucleotide positions. The neighbour-joining (NJ) tree is presented in Fig. 6. We obtained two haplogroups of H. trigonicus: a highly supported clade (HygT-I) containing three sequences from Greece, is placed as the sister clade of two specimens from North Germany (HygT-2); the distance (13.4±1.5% K2P) between these clades are of interspecific level. Hygrobates trigonicus was originally described by Koenike (1895) from the ditch “Schwarze Teich” (Engl. Black ditch) in Saxony. The sequences from Germany that form the HygT-II clade come from two lakes in North Germany (Martin et al. 2010). As for the trigonicus population from running waters, one junior synonym, H. properus Láska, 1954 exists for this species. Hygrobates properus was described by Láska (1954) on the basis of a female from the Orava River and its tributaries in Slovakia, but it was later synonymized by Smit et al. (2015). To clarify the taxonomic status of the barcode lineages further specimens from Europe should be barcoded including specimens of the type locality of both taxa., Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Jovanović, Milica, Manović, Ana, Karaouzas, Ioannis & Smit, Harry, 2021, New records of water mites from the Balkans revealed by DNA barcoding (Acari, Hydrachnidia), pp. 20-34 in Ecologica Montenegrina 49 on page 31, DOI: 10.37828/em.2021.49.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8044105, {"references":["Koenike, F. (1895) Uber bekannte und neue Wassermilben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 18 (485), 373 - 386.","Gerecke, R., Gledhill, T., Pesic, V. & Smit, H. (2016) Chelicerata: Acari III. In: Gerecke, R. (Ed.), Susswasserfauna von Mitteleuropa, 7 / 2 - 3, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 8274 - 2689 - 5","Martin, P., Dabert, M. & Dabert, J. (2010) Molecular evidence for species separation in the water mite Hygrobates nigromaculatus Lebert, 1879 (Acari, Hydrachnidia): evolutionary consequences of the loss of larval parasitism. Aquatic Science, 72, 347 - 360. https: // doi. org / 0.1007 / s 00027 - 010 - 0135 - x","Pesic, V., Broda, L., Dabert, M., Gerecke, R., Martin, P. & Smit, H. (2019 a) Re- established after hundred years: Definition of Hygrobates prosiliens Koenike, 1915, based on molecular and morphological evidence, and redescription of H. longipalpis (Hermann, 1804) (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 24 (8), 1490 - 1511. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 24.8.10","Laska, F. (1954) Zwei neue Hygrobates - Arten (Hydrachnellae, Acari) aus der Slowakei. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 152 (1 - 2), 36 - 38.","Smit, H., Gerecke, R., Pesic, V. & Gledhill, T. (2015) On the taxonomic state of water mite taxa (Acari: Hydrachnidia) described from the Palaearctic, part 3. Hygrobatoidea and Arrenuroidea with new faunistic data. Zootaxa, 3981 (4), 542 - 552."]}

Chatterjee, Tapas (2021): A checklist of halacarid and hydrachnid mites (Acari, Halacaridae & Hydrachnidia) associated with sponges (Porifera). Zootaxa 5072 (2): 101-129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.2.1

Atractides spongicolus Vites, 1927 Report associated with sponges: This species has been recorded among freshwater sponge Pachydictyum globosum from lake Posso, Sulawesi (= Celebes) Indonesia (Viets 1927b; Arndt & Viets 1938)., Published as part of Chatterjee, Tapas, 2021, A checklist of halacarid and hydrachnid mites (Acari, Halacaridae & Hydrachnidia) associated with sponges (Porifera), pp. 101-129 in Zootaxa 5072 (2) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5733656, {"references":["Viets, K. (1927 b) Attractides spongicolus n. sp., eine hydracarine aus einem SuBwasserschwamm von Celebes. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 71, 109 - 112.","Arndt, W. & Viets, K. (1938) Die biologischen (parasitologischen) Beziehingen zwischen Arachnoideen und Spongien. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, Berlin, 10 (1), 67 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02122224"]}

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) calliger calliger Piersig, 1896 Report associated with sponges: This has been recorded once on freshwater water sponges: Spongilla lacustris and Ephydatia fluviatilis from European freshwaters (Stadler 1935; Arndt & Viets 1938). Remarks: This species was reported from river Geul, Epen, Netherlands (Smit et al. 2003), Published as part of Chatterjee, Tapas, 2021, A checklist of halacarid and hydrachnid mites (Acari, Halacaridae & Hydrachnidia) associated with sponges (Porifera), pp. 101-129 in Zootaxa 5072 (2) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5733656, {"references":["Stadler, H. (1935) Pflanzen und Tierwelf der Flussshole des Mains. Verhandlungen des Internationalen Verein Limnologie, 7, 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03680770.1935.11898577","Arndt, W. & Viets, K. (1938) Die biologischen (parasitologischen) Beziehingen zwischen Arachnoideen und Spongien. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, Berlin, 10 (1), 67 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02122224","Smit, H., van Maanen, B., van den Hoek, T., Wiggers, R. & Knol, B. (2003) New records of rare water mites from the Netherlands (Acari, Hydrachnidia). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 18, 123 - 136."]}

Australiobates (Australiobates) mutatus K.O. Viets, 1978 New records — 0/1/0, stream downstream of Fortescue Falls, Karijini NP, 22°28.656′ S 118°33.068′ E, 606 m asl, 28 Jan. 2019 ; 0/1/0, Fortescue River, Millstream-Chichester NP, 21°34.236′ S 117°03.276′ E, 277 m asl, 30 Jan. 2019. Distribution — Known from all states and territories., Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 940

Procorticacarus beedelup n. sp. Zoobank: D60C4D2F-B085-44E1-BF77-A829520F379B (Figure 10 A-E) Material examined — Holotype male, Beedelup Brook downstream of falls, Beedelup NP, Western Australia, Australia, 34°25.107′ S 115°52.071′ E, 103 m asl, 10 Feb. 2019 (WAM). Paratypes: three females (WAM), one male, three females (RMNH), same data as holotype. Diagnosis — Both male and female with a pair of postocularia platelets, ventral extension of P2 blunt. Description — Male: Idiosoma dorsally 397 (365) long and 332 (308) wide, ventrally 433 (413) long. Integument with small papillae and a fine striation. Dorsum with a pair of postocularia platelets, 108 long and with a reticulate pattern, posterior to postocularia platelets four pairs of glandularia platelets (Figure 10A). Cx-I medially fused. Cxgl-4 located near the middle of Cx-IV (Figure 10B). Genital field with three pairs of acetabula. Gonopore rhomboid, 42 long. Length of P1-5: 24, 70, 82, 110, 43. P2 ventrally with a blunt extension, its tip with small papillae, ventral margin of P3 with numerous papillae, P4 ventrally with large setal tubercles (Figure 10C). Length of I-leg-4-6: 95, 103, 90. Length of IV-leg-4-6: 138, 158, 126. Female: Idiosoma dorsally 510 (356-591) long and 454 (332-486) wide, ventrally 551 (397-624) long. Integument structure as in male. Configuration of dorsal platelets as in male (Figure 10D), postocularia platelets 114 long. Cx-I separated medially, Cxgl- 4 in the middle of Cx-IV (Figure 10E). Genital field with three pairs of acetabula, posterior pair near-separated from anterior two pairs (Figure 10E). Pre-genital sclerite 118 wide, genital field 180 wide, genital plate 80 long. Length of P1-5: 28, 92, 116, 156, 58. Palp as in male. Length of I-leg-4-6: 110, 128, 96. Length of IV-leg-4-6: 158, 182, 160. Etymology — Named after the type locality. The name is a noun in apposition. Remarks — The new species is close to P. angulicoxalis (K.O. Viets, 1978) in the presence of paired postocularia platelets in both male and female. The new species differs from the latter species (characters in parentheses) in the medially fused Cx-I (separated), a blunt ventral extension of P2 (pointed) and the ventral margin of P3 with numerous papillae (smooth). Moreover, the gonopore of P. angulicoxalis is not rhomboid., Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 943

Procorticacarus minutus n. sp. Zoobank: 35E95A24-6D27-4CC5-A6EB-9779056F2DB5 (Figures 11 A-C) Material examined — Holotype male, stream downstream of Fortescue Falls, Karijini NP, Western Australia, Australia, 22°28.656′ S 118°33.068′ E, 606 m asl, 28 Jan. 2019 (WAM). Diagnosis — Dorsum with a pair of postocularia platelets, Cx-I fused medially, gonopore relatively large. Description — Idiosoma with numerous fine papillae, dorsally 267 long and 251 wide, ventrally 308 long. Dorsum with a pair of small sclerotized postocularia platelets; posterior to postocularia platelets four pairs of glandularia platelets, the anterior pair more separated than the posterior three pairs (Figure 11A). Excretory pore located near posterior margin of dorsum. Cx-I fused medially; Cxgl-4 well posterior to suture line of Cx-III/IV. Genital field on a rounded plate, with three pairs of acetabula lying close to each other (Figure 11B). Gonopore wider than long (if examined in posteromedial view), but width not measurable in ventral view. Length of P1-5: 13, 56, 70, 79, 38. P2 with a slender ventral extension with some minute papillae at its tip, ventral margin of P3 smooth, P4 with a small ventral setal tubercle (Figure 11C). Length of I-leg-4-6: 70, 74, 68. Length of IV-leg-4-6: 112, 124, 104. Female: Unknown. Etymology — Named for its small size. Remarks — In the presence of a pair of postocularia platelets in the male, the new species is similar to P. angulicoxalis and P. beedelup n. sp. However, the genital field is most close to P. cooki (Imamura, 1984). The latter species differs from the new species in an unpaired postocularia plate, and the ventral margin of P3 has many small papillae. Moreover, P. cooki has the glandularia with slit-like openings, in the new species the glandularia have “normal″ openings. From P. beedelup n. sp. the new species differs in the position of Cxgl-4, which are located closer to the medial margin of Cx-IV. Moreover, the shape of the gonopore is longer than wide in P. beedelup n. sp. but wider than long in P. minutus n. sp., Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on pages 943-945

Tetrabates (Tetrabates) szalayi (Lundblad, 1949) New records. Ghana. 0/2/0, Ankasa Exploration Base stream, Ankasa NP, 5°16.413′ N 2°38.810′ W, 81 m a.s.l, 14 Feb. 2103. Distribution. Congo (Lundblad 1949), Liberia (Cook 1966), Ghana (this study)., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 700-746 in Acarologia 61 (3) on page 723, DOI: 10.24349/5d6U-DX5N, http://zenodo.org/record/7159546, {"references":["Lundblad O. 1949. Hydrachnellae. In: Explor. Park National Albert. 2. Miss. H. Damas (1935 - 1936),"]}

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) liberiensis Cook, 1966 New records. Ghana. 0/1/0, Ankasa Exploration Base trail stream, upstream, Ankasa NP, 5°16.376′ N 2°38.655′ W, 94 m a.s.l., 14 Feb. 2013. Distribution. Liberia (Cook 1966), Ghana (this study)., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 700-746 in Acarologia 61 (3) on page 713, DOI: 10.24349/5d6U-DX5N, http://zenodo.org/record/7159546

Hygrobates (Hygrobates) niloticus Walter, 1922 (Figure 7 A-C) New record. Ghana. 0/1/0, unnamed stream crossing road to Ankasa NP, 5°11.435′ N 2°39.429′ W, 20 m a.s.l., 27 Feb. 2011. Description. Female. Integument finely lineated, only visible at higher magnification. Idiosoma dorsally 591 long and 462 wide, ventrally 640 long. Cx-I fused medially. Anterior coxae tapering and extending far posteriorly, reaching almost posterior margin of Cx-IV. Posterior to anterior coxae a small area of secondary sclerotization. Suture line Cx-III/IV incomplete, Cxgl-4 located near this suture line. Posterior to Cx-IV an area of secondary sclerotization, not incorporating Vgl-1. Genital field 144 long and 259 wide, with three pairs of acetabula. Pregenital sclerite small, surrounded by a large area of secondary sclerotization. Length of P1–5: 28, 118, 76, 104, 40. P2 anteroventrally with several denticles, ventral margin of P3 with about five relatively large denticles. Length of I-leg-4–6: 118, 104, 74. First leg segments rather stocky, I-leg-5 anteriorly without stout setae. Distribution. Sudan (Walter 1922), Ghana (this study)., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 700-746 in Acarologia 61 (3) on pages 713-714, DOI: 10.24349/5d6U-DX5N, http://zenodo.org/record/7159546, {"references":["Walter C. 1922. Hydracarina. Zoologische Resultate der Reise von Dr. P. A. Chappuis an den oberen Nil. II. Hydracarina. Rev. Suisse Zool., 30: 63 - 86."]}

Atractides (Atractides) vietsi (Cook, 1966) (Figure 5 A-E) New record. Ghana. 0/1 [palp + I-leg-5–6 mounted]/0, small rainforest stream upstream Sagyimase, Atewa Hills, 6°13.964′ N 0°33.116′ W, 654 m a.s.l., 8 Mar. 2011. Material for comparison. Atractides rectipes (K. Viets, 1924), holotype male, Múke-Fluss, Kamerun, 15 Jan. 1916 (slide 45938, SMF). Atractides vietsi (Cook, 1966), paratype male, stream at Bridge No 19 on Bomi Hills Road, Liberia, 23 Jan. 1957 (sign. 36, leg. Cook) (slide 53005, SMF; paratype female, stream at Bridge No 19 on Bomi Hills Road, Liberia, 23 Jan. 1957 (sign. 36, leg. Cook) (slide 53006, SMF). Remarks. According to Cook (1966), the differences between males of A. rectipes and A. vietsi are the single dorsal platelet in the former and the paired dorsal platelets in the latter. Unfortunately, the female of A. rectipes is unknown. The female of vietsi has a pair of dorsal platelets, as in the male (Figure 5A). A character not discussed by Cook (1966), is the shape of the two distal setae of I-leg-5. These are slightly curved in both species, but rounded at its tip in rectipes, and truncated in vietsi (and not pointed as illustrated by Cook 1966) (Figure 5E). Given these differences, the female of this study must be assigned A to. vietsi. Distribution. Liberia (Cook 1966)., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 700-746 in Acarologia 61 (3) on page 710, DOI: 10.24349/5d6U-DX5N, http://zenodo.org/record/7159546, {"references":["Viets K. 1924. Diagnosen einiger neuer Hydracarinen. Zool. Anz., 58: 103 - 106."]}

Ten new species of water mites are described from Ghana, i.e. Limnesia (Limnesia) stagnalis n. sp. (Limnesiidae), Hygrobatopsis (?) convexipalpis n. sp., Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsis) pauciglandulosa n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) dentipalpis n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) pseudoniloticus n. sp. (Hygrobatidae), Neumania (Soarella) fusiformis n. sp., Neumania (Soarella) ghanaensis n. sp., Unionicola heversi n. sp. (Unionicolidae), Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) chutteri ankasa n. sp. and Arrenurus (Micruracarus) circulodorsalis n. sp. (Arrenuridae). Three subspecies are raised to full species, i.e. Mamersa expansa Cook, 1979 nov. stat. (Hydryphantidae), H. coriaceus (Lundblad, 1952) nov. stat. (Hygrobatidae) and Nyangalla (Ecpolopella) acuticaudata K. Viets, 1916 nov. stat. (Unionicolidae). Ecpolus dorsofenestratus Lundblad, 1949 is synonymized with Neumania (Alloneumania) marginata (K. Viets, 1916). The adults of Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsella) inflatus (K. Viets, 1925), a species know thus far as deutonymph only, the females of Tubophora limnesioides Walter, 1935, Hygrobates niloticus Walter, 1922, Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) geniculatus Koenike 1898 and Momonides ghanaensis Smit, 2012, and the male of Piona damasiella Cook, 1966 are described for the first time. Many new records are presented for Ghana and the Gambia.

Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsis) pauciglandulosa n. sp. Zoobank: 84196F88-4DD0-4450-972E-98D1D3345DF3 (Figures 13 A-E, 14A-B) Material examined. Holotype male, Ankasa Exploration Base stream, Ankasa NP Ghana, 5°16.413′ N 2°38.810′ W, 81 m a.s.l., 14 Feb. 2013 (RMNH). Paratype: one female, Ankasa River, Ankasa NP, Ghana, 5°13.011′ N 2°39.126′ W, 60 m a.s.l., 13 Feb. 2013 (RMNH). Diagnosis. Both sexes: legs with swimming setae. Male: Dorsum with a dorsal shield, with the postocularia and one pair of glandularia; Vgl-3 fused with ventral shield. Description. Male: Idiosoma dorsally 296 long and 251 wide, ventrally 340 long. Dorsum with a large dorsal shield, 259 long and 206 wide, with the postocularia and posteriorly with one pair of glandularia. Dorsal furrow with three pairs of glandularia (Figure 13A). Gnathosoma lightly fused with Cx-I. Venter with a ventral shield incorporating the coxae and Vgl-3. Genital field 92 wide, lying in a deep genital bay (Figure 13B); gonopore 38 long. Genital field with three pairs of acetabula, posterior to the acetabula numerous setae. From the gonopore extends a hyaline, open tube-like structure. Near posterior idiosoma margin a pair of large tubercles. Excretory pore fused with dorsal shield. Length of P1–5: 17, 50, 56, 96, 32. P2 without a ventral projection, P4 slender, ventrally slightly bulging, P5 slender (Figure 13C). Length of I-leg-4–6: 79, 90, 68. I-leg-5 anteriorly with a few fine setae, one of these elongated (but lost due to mounting), no downturned seta present (Figure 13D). Length of IV-leg-4–6: 88, 112, 88. Fourth legs much heavier than other three legs (Figure 13E). Swimming setae: III-leg-5 and IV-leg-5 with two swimming setae, II-leg-5 with a short swimming seta. Female: Idiosoma dorsally 441 long and 365 wide, ventrally 470 long. Integument finely lineated. Dgl-1 each on a small sclerite (Figure 14A). Gnathosoma lightly fused with Cx-I, but fusion more extensive than in male. Posterior margin of Cx-IV with short projections. Genital field 122 long, with three pairs of acetabula in a somewhat triangular configuration (Figure 14B). Genital plates 57 long, pregenital sclerite 82 wide. Excretory pore on a tubercle near posterior idiosoma margin. Idiosoma posterolaterally with a pair of large glandularia tubercles. Length of P1–5: 22, 80, 86. 152, 48. Palp as in male. Length of I-leg-4–6: 92, 93, 70. I-leg-5 anteriorly with a few fine setae, one of these elongated. Length of IV-leg-4–6: 120, 148, 110. Swimming setae: II-leg-5, III-leg-5 and IV-leg-5 with two swimming setae. Etymology. Named for the presence of few glandularia on the dorsal shield of the male. Remarks. Thus far, two species were known of the nominate subgenus. The male of Hygrobatopsis levipalpis K. Viets, 1925 (Cameroon) has a more shallow genital bay, Vgl-3 is not fused with the ventral shield and P4 is more bulging ventrally. The male Hygrobatopsis of sudafricana Cook, 2005 (South Africa) has the dorsal shield with three pairs of glandularia and the genital bay is shallow too. Both these species lack swimming setae. The presence of swimming setae will separate the female from other species of the genus., Published as part of Smit, Harry, 2021, Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 700-746 in Acarologia 61 (3) on pages 719-722, DOI: 10.24349/5d6U-DX5N, http://zenodo.org/record/7159546, {"references":["Viets K. 1925. Nachtrage zur Hydracarinen-Fauna von Kamerun. Arch. Hydrobiol., 16: 197 - 242.","Cook D. R. 2005. A new subgenus and two new species of Hygrobatopsis (Acari: Hydrachnida: Hygrobatidae) from South Africa. Int. J. Acarol., 31: 249 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647950508684428"]}

Hygrobates (s. str.) calliger Piersig, 1896 (Figs 21 A; 23 C) Material examined: Calabria: I 100, 0/1/0; I 1129, 1/0/2; I TG 18-02b (2/2/0); I TG 18-03a (13/6/0); I TG 18-04a (1/0/0); I TG 18-08a (14/3/1); Emilia-Romagna: I 888, 3/2/0; Friuli-Venezia Giulia: I Dor 6 pool 16.05.2017, 1/0/0; Lazio: I 1287, 3/9/1; Sardegna: I TG 15-01a, 0/1/0; I TG 20-01a,b,e, 2/2/0; Sicilia: I 49, 0/1/0; I 109, 1/0/0; I 237, 0/0/1. 12 sites, 70 specimens. Previously published records from Italy: Abruzzo (Cicolani & Di Sabatino 1985, 1988, Di Sabatino & Cicolani 2001); Basilicata (Cicolani et al. 1992a); Calabria, Campania (Gerecke 1991); Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Cicolani et al. 1994); Lombardia (Maglio 1905); Marche (K. Viets 1955, Maglio 1956); Sicilia (Gerecke 1991, Ferrito 1994); Sardegna (Gerecke 1991); Toscana (“ H. italicus”, Thor 1927); Trentino-Alto Adige (Gerecke et al. 2009). Remarks: The new data include the first records of the species for the Italian regions Emilia-Romagna and Lazio. For Calabria and Sicily, additions are made of previously overlooked specimens that complete the data published by Gerecke (1991). The wide ecological range covered by records of H. calliger between Central-North Europe (mainly shaded low order streams in wooded areas) and Sicily (running waters of various order, also strongly exposed to sunlight), suggests that this is, as in the case of Hygrobates fluviatilis s.l. (Pešić et al. 2017), a species complex that merits to be unraveled in near future. This interpretation finds also support from differences in the shape of the genital field between populations from different areas. Habitat: Low to medium order streams, occasionally also in temporary flowing waters. Distribution: Palaearctic., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Piersig, R. (1896) Einige neue Hydrachniden-Formen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (515), 438 - 441.","Cicolani, B. & Di Sabatino, A. (1985) Le idracnelle del Vomano (Gran Sasso): Considerazioni sul loro impiego per una caratterizzazione biologica del corso d'acqua. (33 ° Contributo alla conoscenza delle idracnelle dell'Appennino). Atti 14 ° Congresso nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, Erice Bagheria, 1985, 169 - 176.","Cicolani, B. & Di Sabatino, A. (1988) Significato degli Acari acquatici nel calcolo degli indici biotici. Atti del 15 ° Congresso nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, L'Aquila, 1988, 99 - 106.","Di Sabatino, A. & Cicolani, B. (2001) Biodiversita, ecologia e zoogeografia degli Acari acquatici (Acari: Actinedida: Hydrachnidia) del Gran Sasso. In: Cicolani, B. (Ed.), Monitoraggio Biologico del Gran Sasso. Vol. 2. Andromeda Editrice, Teramo, pp. 119 - 132.","Cicolani, B., Di Sabatino, A. & Porreca, G. (1992 a) Gli acari acquatici (Acari, Actinedida) del bacino del fiume Ofanto (Italia meridionale). Atti del 16 ° Congresso nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, Bari-Martina Franca, 1992, 79 - 85.","Cicolani, B., Di Sabatino, A. & D'Alfonso, S. (1994) Gli Acari acquatici del Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italia Settentrionale). Atti del 17 ° Congresso nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, Udine, 1994, 235 - 240.","Maglio, C. (1905) Secondo elenco d'Idracne del Pavese. Rendiconti dell'Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere, Serie 2, 38, 147 - 154.","Maglio, C. (1956) Idracnelle dell'Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Pavia, 95, 3 - 4.","Ferrito, V. (1994) Les macroinvertebres benthiques de la riviere Simeto (Sicile) et de quelques-uns de ses affluents. Annales de Limnologie, 30 (1), 33 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 1994003","Thor, S. (1927) Vorlaufige Revision der Gattung Hygrobates C. L. Koch, 1837, mit phylogenetischen Bemerkungen. Norsk Entomologisk Tidskrift, Oslo, 2 (3), 118 - 148.","Gerecke, R., Schatz, H. & Wohltmann, A. (2009) The mites (Chelicerata: Acari) of the CRENODAT project: Faunistic records and ecological data from springs in the Autonomous Province of Trento (Italian Alps). International Journal of Acarology, 35, 303 - 333 https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647950903059452","Pesic, V., Asadi, M., Cimpean, M., Dabert, M., Esen, Y., Gerecke, R., Martin, P., Savic, A., Smit, H. & Stur, E. (2017) Six species in one: evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates fluviatilis complex (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 22 (9), 1327 - 1777. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.9.4"]}

Atractides (s. str.) valencianus (K. Viets, 1930) (Figs 29 P-Q) Previously published records from Italy: Sardegna (Gerecke 2014b). Remarks: In the scenario discussed under A. inflatipalpis (see there), A. valencianus is a little documented Western Mediterranean species, in Italy restricted to Sardinia. Habitat: Rhithrobiont. Medium order streams, 20-1400 m. Distribution: Iberian Peninsula, Corsica, Sardinia., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Viets, K. (1930) Zur Kenntnis der Hydracarinen-Fauna von Spanien. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 21 (2), 175 - 240, 21 (3), 359 - 446.","Gerecke, R. (2014 b) The water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) in Corsica and Sardinia. Zoosystema, 36 (4), 735 - 759. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2014 n 4 a 3"]}

Hygrobates (Rivobates) psammocrenicus Gerecke & Di Sabatino, 2013 Previously published records from Italy: Calabria (Gerecke & Di Sabatino 2013); Emilia-Romagna (Gerecke & Di Sabatino 2013, Cantonati et al. 2020); Toscana (Gerecke & Di Sabatino 2013). Habitat: Crenobiont; preferably in shaded rheohelocrenes rich in fine mineralic sediments (sand, gravel). Distribution: Central-and Southern Italy, Corsica. Genus Mixobates Thor, 1905 Diagnosis: Distribution of membranous integument, and formation of coxae and gnathosoma, as in Hygrobates, but occasionally (not in the Italian species) all coxae fused into a coxal shield. Cx-IV perforated by a large, central glandular opening. I-L-5 distoventrally with a pair of short, thickened setae. Genital field with three pairs of acetabula. Male gonopore completely surrounded by sclerotization, female gonopore in the Italian species flanked by paired genital plates. P-2 with or without ventral projection. Remark: Described as a subgenus of Hygrobates, later on ranked at genus level (COOK 1974)., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Gerecke, R. & Di Sabatino, A. (2013) The water mites (Hydrachnidia and Halacaridae) of the collection Daniele Benfatti at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Verona. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Verona, 37, 67 - 112.","Cantonati, M., Segadelli, S., Spitale, S., Gabrieli, J., Gerecke, R., Angeli, N., De Nardo, M. T., Ogata, K. & Wehr, J. D. (2020) Geological and hydrochemical prerequisites of unexpectedly high biodiversity in spring ecosystems at the landscape level. Science of the Total Environment, 740, 140 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. scitotenv. 2020.140157","Cook, D. R. (1974) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Enomological Institute, 21, I - VII + 1 - 860."]}

Hygrobates (s. str.) arenarius Smit & Pešić, 2017 (Fig. 23 B) Material examined: Calabria: I 436, 10/11/1; I 1105, 1/1/0 slide; I 1231, 0/1/0; Friuli-Venezia Giulia: I 1598, 1/1/1; I 1600, 0/1/0; I 1603, 1/0/1; I 1607, 0/1/0; I 1609, 1/0/2; Lombardia: I TG 13-08, 0/1/2; Sicilia: I 830a, 10/7/1; Trentino-Alto Adige: I sa 28, 3/2/1; I sa 29, 10/8/0; I sa 30, 1/2/0; I sa 31, 6/6/3; I sa 32, 1/0/0. 13 sites, 96 specimens. Habitat: In N Germany preferably in lowland streams with dead wood and rich in macrophytes (Pešić et al. 2017), in Italy frequent in large rheocrenes (It.: “fontanili”). Distribution: Central and Southern Europe. Probably, many of the records from such habitats in N Italy under the name of H. fluviatilis (e.g., in Gerecke & Di Sabatino 2013, see below under “ H. fluviatilis -group”) refer to this species. Records from the South scattered, remarkable the isolated population in a strong rheocrene in Sicily (Fiumedinisi, I 830a). First records from Italy., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Pesic, V., Asadi, M., Cimpean, M., Dabert, M., Esen, Y., Gerecke, R., Martin, P., Savic, A., Smit, H. & Stur, E. (2017) Six species in one: evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates fluviatilis complex (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 22 (9), 1327 - 1777. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.9.4","Gerecke, R. & Di Sabatino, A. (2013) The water mites (Hydrachnidia and Halacaridae) of the collection Daniele Benfatti at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Verona. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Verona, 37, 67 - 112."]}

Hygrobates (s. str.) setosus Besseling, 1942 (Fig. 23 A) Material examined: Friuli-Venezia Giulia: I Dor 6 pool, 27.9.2016, 0/1/0. Habitat: Rhithrobiont. In pools of low to high order streams. Distribution: Palaearctic? (see under H. nigromaculatus). First record from Italy., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Besseling, A. J. (1942) Nederlandsche Hydrachnidae. Genus Hygrobates. Entomologische Berichten, 11 (243), 2 - 6."]}

Atractides (s. str.) ovalis Koenike, 1883 (Figs 26 A-B) Material examined: Lazio: I 1564, 5/2/0 (1/1/0 slide). Previously published records from Italy: Lazio (Nocentini 1973). Habitat: Lenitobiont; in Lazio in Lago Martignano (53 m). Distribution: Northern and Central Europe, Balkans, Asia Minor., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Koenike, F. (1883) Verzeichnis der im Harz gesammelten Hydrachniden. Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, 8, 31 - 37.","Nocentini, A. M. (1973) La fauna macrobentonica litorale e sublitorale dei Laghi di Bolsena, Bracciano e Vico (Italia centrale, Lazio). Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 30, 97 - 148."]}

Atractides (s. str.) fonticolus (K. Viets, 1920) (Figs 26 L-N, 31 P) Material examined: Calabria: I 1086, 0/2/0 slide; Friuli-Venezia Giulia: I 1356, 2/0/1; Sardegna: I TG 17-05, 10/22/1; Sicilia: Etna, Iblei. I 1, 0/1/0, slide; I 98, 1/3/1 (1/1/1 slide); I 179, 1/0/0, slide; I 212 a, 0/3/0; I 212 c, 1/3/0; I 213, 0/2/0; I 222, 10/9/19 (0/1/0 slide); I 223, 0/6/0 (0/1/0 slide); I 250, 2/5/0 (1/2/0 slide); I 260, 0/2/0; I 307, 0/1/0 slide; I 317, 3/6/0 (1/1/0 slide); I 585, 3/1/2 (1/1/1 slide), I 587, 4/7/0; I 588, 2/4/0; I 609, 4/5/0; Veneto: Val Borago, uncertain date, Olivieri coll., 3/9/0 slide. 19 sites, 166 specimens. Previously published records from Italy: Sardegna (Gerecke 2014b). Habitat: Crenophilous. Rheocrenes and low order streams, at low and middle altitudes, 20-740 m. In Sicily, 50 % of the records from springs, mostly rheocrenes, furthermore in karstic streams, possibly at sites with groundwater influence. Distribution: Central and Southern Europe. In Sicily only in the Iblei mountains and a spring complex at SW base of Mount Etna - records under « Atractides cf. fonticolus ” from the Central South (Gerecke 1991) and streams in the Simeto catchment (Ferrito 1994, det. Gerecke) do not refer to A. fonticolus, but to various different species – the material in question is revised in the present paper., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Viets, K. (1920) Hydracarinen aus norddeutschen und schwedischen Quellen. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 12 (4), 805 - 814.","Gerecke, R. (2014 b) The water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) in Corsica and Sardinia. Zoosystema, 36 (4), 735 - 759. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2014 n 4 a 3","Ferrito, V. (1994) Les macroinvertebres benthiques de la riviere Simeto (Sicile) et de quelques-uns de ses affluents. Annales de Limnologie, 30 (1), 33 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 1994003"]}

Atractides (Tympanomegapus) acutirostris Motaş & Angelier, 1927 (Figs 25 A-B) Material examined: Calabria: I 414, 1/0/0 slide; I 1083, 0/1/0 slide; Emilia-Romagna: I 888, 0/1/0 slide; Sardegna: I TG 15-01a,b, 0/5/0; I TG 17-05, 3/0/0; Sicilia: Iblei, Madonie, Peloritani, Central South; I 165, 1/0/0 slide; I 167, 1/0/0 slide; I 179, 3/2/0 slide; I 465, 3/15/0 slide; I 472 Int 2, 0/1/1 slide; I 520, 0/1/0 slide; I 1072 g, 0/1/0; I 1076 e, 0/1/0; I 1076 g, 0/1/0; I 1078 e, 0/1/0; I 1078 g, 0/1/0; I 1079 f, 0/1/0; I 1080 g, 0/1/0; I 1081 b, 1/0/0; I dp 63, 0/1/1 slide; I dp 77, 0/1/0. 15 sites, 41 specimens. Previously published records from Italy: Marche (“ A. pavesii ” K. Viets 1955, see Gerecke 2003, Maglio 1956); Sardegna (Gerecke 2014b); Sicilia (Gerecke 1991, 2003, Ferrito 1994). Habitat: Rhithrobiont. Medium order streams with not too turbulent flow, at low to middle altitudes, 50-970 m. Distribution: Central and Southern Europe - Middle East., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Motas, C. & Angelier, C. (1927) Hydracariens recueillis dans le Massif Central. Travaux du Laboratoire de Pisciculture de la Universite de Grenoble, 19, 121 - 137.","Gerecke, R. (2003) The water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Parasitengona: Hygrobatidae) in the western Palaearctic region: a revision. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 138, 141 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.06 - 0.00051. x","Maglio, C. (1956) Idracnelle dell'Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Pavia, 95, 3 - 4.","Gerecke, R. (2014 b) The water mites of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) in Corsica and Sardinia. Zoosystema, 36 (4), 735 - 759. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2014 n 4 a 3","Ferrito, V. (1994) Les macroinvertebres benthiques de la riviere Simeto (Sicile) et de quelques-uns de ses affluents. Annales de Limnologie, 30 (1), 33 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 1994003"]}

Atractides (s. str.) cydonius sp. nov. (Figs 8-9; 30 O; 32 N) Type series: Holotype ♂, SMF, Calabria: I 1106 (CS), Pollino, Morano Calabro, spring E Convento di Colloreto, 900 m, UTM WE 989 162, 05.10.1990, slide. Paratypes: ♀, same site and date as holotype, slide; Calabria: I 1101 a, 0/1/2; I 1107, 2/1/0 slide; I 1110, 1/3/1 (1/1/1 slide); I 1118, 1/5/0 (1/1/0 slide); I 1119, 0/3/0 (0/1/0 slide); I 1120, 1/3/1 (1/1/0 slide); I 1126, 2/1/0 slide; I 1127 b, 0/4/0 (0/1/0 slide); I TG 18-04b 2/0/1 (1/0/0 slide). 10 sites, 37 specimens. Diagnosis: Integument lineated; dorsal and posteroventral muscle insertions not sclerotized. Genital field with Ac in a weakly curved line. Excretory pore without sclerotization, Vgl-1/-2 separate. I-L-5 moderately thickened, S-1/-2 robust, apically bluntly pointed, distanced (♂ 20-23, ♀ 30-38); I-L-6 curved, in basal third strongly narrowed (Figs 8 D, 9 D). Males: Genital field anteromedially protruding, posteriorly indented (Figs 8 A, 9 C); P-2 distoventral margin convexly protruding (Fig. 8 B-C). Females: Genital plates on level of Ac-3 large, anteriorly strongly narrowed (Fig. 9 B); P-2 distoventral margin less protruding than in male (Fig. 9 A). Description: Integument around genital field striated, on lateral parts with stronger lines, on dorsal surface typically lineated; all muscle insertions unsclerotized, margins of coxae and genital field without secondary sclerotization; glandularia not enlarged (maximum diameter 25-30). Coxal plates in three groups. Genital field with 3 pairs of Ac, generally in a weakly curved line, occasionally, mostly in males, forming an obtuse angle, but Ac-3 always more distanced from Ac-1 than from Ac-2. Postgenital field with smooth excretory pore and unfused Vgl-1/- 2. I-L-5 ventral and dorsal margins distally slightly diverging; distance of setae S-1/-2 wider than the sum of their maximum W; seta S-1 with a central thickening, distally narrowed and with a blunt tip, seta S-2 distinctly thicker and shorter, apically blunt. I-L-6 curved, with maximum H near base, in basal third strongly narrowed. Palp with slight sexual dimorphism in shape of P-2; ventral margin of P-3 straight to very weakly concave; P-4 with ventral setae relatively short, more distanced from each other than from base resp. tip of segment, sword setae closer to distoventral seta. Females: P-2 distoventral margin less protruding than in male. Fig. 8: Atractides cydonius sp. nov., type series ♂ (I 1106, 1120). A, venter; B, palp lateral; C, palp medial (P-1 missing); D, I-L-5/6. Scale bars: 100 µm. Males (n = 2): Idiosoma L/W 530-550/400-450; coxal field L/Cx-III W 320/340-350, Cx-I+II mL 110, lL 210-215, W 260-280 (mL/W ratio 0.39-0,42). Genital plate (L /W 108-112/116, ratio 0.93-0.97), with 17-20 pairs of setae; in shape of a medially cut quince, anteromedially with a somewhat irregular, rounded or obtuse-angled projection covered by fine porosity (thus, part of primary sclerotization); posteromedial margin indented; Ac-1-3 maximum diameter 28-42, 24-44, 35-36, the extending anterior tips of Ac-3 more distanced from posterior tips of Ac-1 than from Ac-2 (in Fig. 9 C at right side an exceptional case with Ac nearly at equal distance); gonopore relatively short, L 60-65. I-L-5 dL/vL 172-180/112-116, ratio 1.54-1.55, ventral seta distance to distoventral edge 29-30 % of vL; HA 48, HB 53, HC 68, ratio dL/HB 3.3-3.4. L (L/W) S-1, 95 (9.5), S-2, 73-75 (5.8-6.7), distance S-1-2, 20-23, ratio S-1 L/distance S-1-2, 4.2-4.8. I-L-6 L 128-132, HA 28, HB 18-20, HC 20-23, ratio L/HB 6.6-7.3; ratio I-L-5 dL/I-L-6 L 1.34-1.36. Gnathosoma L 140-144; chelicera L 200-204, L/H 4.6-5.1, basal segment/claw 2.2-2.3. Palp total L 275-286; proportions of segments (L/H, ratio, % total L): P-1, 28-29/25, 1.1-1.2, 10; P-2, 63-65/46-48, 1.35-1.37, 23; P-3, 63/38, 1.7, 22-23; P-4, 93-98/33-35, 2.8-2.9, 34; P-5, 30-33/9-11, 2.7-3.7, 11; L ratio P-2/P-3, 1.00-1.04, P-2/P-4, 0.67-0.68; P-3/P-4, 0.64-0.68; distoventral margin of P-2 nose-shaped protruding, smooth; P-3 ventral margin slightly concave. P-4 with sword seta between ventral setae, closer to distoventral one (ratio distance to proximal/distal edge: 1.4-1.7); sectors of ventral margin between seta insertion short proximally (26-32 %), longest centrally (44-48 %), shortest distally (24-26 %). Females (n = 2): Idiosoma L/W 600-850/500-700; coxal field L/Cx-III W 340-410/410-540, Cx-I+II mL 120- 130, lL 240-280, W 345-350 (mL/W ratio 0.35-0.37). Genital field L 210-270, acetabular plates L/W 128-132/48-52, ratio 2.5-2.7), Ac-1-3 maximum diameter 44-48, 40-42, 40-46, pregenital sclerite relatively small, crescent-shaped. I-L-5 dL/vL 236-248/160-192, ratio 1.23-1.55, ventral seta distance to distoventral edge 31-33 % vL; HA 60-66, HB 68-70, HC 90-98, ratio dL/HB 3.5. L (L/W) S-1, 125-130 (10.0), S-2, 83-90 (5.5-6.0), distance S-1-2, 30-38, ratio S-1 L/distance S-1-2, 3.3-4.3. I-L-6 L 176-184, HA 29-30, HB 19-20, HC 23-25, ratio L/HB 9.2-9.4; ratio I-L-5 dL/ I-L-6 L 1.34-1.35. Gnathosoma L 176-196; chelicera L 284-312, L/H 5.9-6.5, basal segment/claw 2.4- 2.6. Palp slenderer than in males, total L 363-385; proportions of segments (L/H, ratio, % total L): P-1, 35/30-33, 1.1-1.2, 9-10; P-2, 78-88/53-55, 1.5-1.6, 21-23; P-3, 95-100/43-44, 2.2-2.3, 26; P-4, 115-123/30-35, 3.5-3.8, 30-35; P-5, 40/14-15, 2.7-2.9, 10-11; L ratio P-2/P-3, 0.82-0.88, P-2/P-4, 0.67-0.71; P-3/P-4, 0.82-0.83. P-2 ventral margin straight, distal corner rounded; P-3 ventral margin straight; P-4 sword seta insertion: ratio distance to proximal/distal edge 1.2; ventral setae insertions dividing ventral margin into a short proximal (24-26 %) and distal (29-32 %) sectors flanking a larger central one (45 %). Derivatio nominis: Many Atractides males have a genital plate shaped like a medially-cut apple, the one of A. cydonius resembles the surface of a bisected quince (lat.: malum cydonium). Remarks: In the combination of a lineated integument, Ac in the genital field arranged in a weakly bowed curve, and the male palp without distoventral projection, A. cydonius is most similar to A. fluviatilis. It differs from the latter in both sexes in genital field shape and arrangement of Ac (A. fluviatilis: Ac arranged nearly one behind the other, in a very weakly curved line; male genital plate anterior margin straight or slightly concave, female genital plates in anterior part not, or only very weakly narrowed and Ac nearly equal in size). Atractides panniculatus (K. Viets, 1925) and A. rivalis Lundblad, 1956, two species living in Central-South European springs resp. spring brooks, are similar in integument structure and shape of I-L and palps, often also in a protruding anteromedial margin of the male genital plate. Both species differ from A. cydonius in distinctly major Ac (maximum diameter >> 50) in triangular arrangement (posterior margin of Ac-1 separated from anterior margin of Ac-3 by narrow interspace). Habitat: Crenobiont, springs at middle elevations, 400-1000 m. Distribution: Calabria, Pollino mountains and neighbouring Pellegrino area. Fig. 9: Atractides cydonius sp. nov., type series (I 1106). A, ♀ palp medial; B, ♀ genital and postgenital field; C, ♂ genital and postgenital field; D, ♀ I-L-5/6. Scale bars: 100 µm., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Viets, K. (1925) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hydracarinen aus Quellen Mitteleuropas. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 50 (4 - 6), 451 - 596.","Lundblad, O. (1956) Zur Kenntnis sud- und mitteleuropaischer Hydrachnellen. Arkiv for Zoologi, 10 (1), 1 - 306."]}

Atractides (s. str.) oblongus (Walter, 1944) (Figs 27 E-F; 31 P) Material examined: Calabria: I 1111, 1/0/0 slide; I 1115 b, 0/1/0 slide; I TG 18-03a, 1/1/0; Sicilia: Nebrodi, Madonie, I 249, 2/0/0 (1/0/0 slide); I 514 Int 1, 4/5/0 (4/2/0 slide); I 514 Int 2, 3/4/0 slide. 5 sites, 22 specimens. Previously published records from Italy: Emilia-Romagna (Cantonati et al. 2020). Habitat: Hyporheophilous; in the interstitial of low order streams; in the treated area recorded from forest springs and streams, mostly at high elevations, 750-1530 m. Distribution: Central Europe, Alps, Carpathians, Balkans., Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2021, The water mites of the family Hygrobatidae (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in Italy, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 5009 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5009.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157635, {"references":["Walter, C. (1944) Die Hydracarinen der Ybbs. 1. Teil. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, 43 (4 - 6), 281 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19430430403","Cantonati, M., Segadelli, S., Spitale, S., Gabrieli, J., Gerecke, R., Angeli, N., De Nardo, M. T., Ogata, K. & Wehr, J. D. (2020) Geological and hydrochemical prerequisites of unexpectedly high biodiversity in spring ecosystems at the landscape level. Science of the Total Environment, 740, 140 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. scitotenv. 2020.140157"]}