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The altered rocks of the Kyzyk-Cha dr deposit are predominantly composed of quartz and potassic dioctahedral micas of the phengite–muscovite series, that dominate in almost all zones of the alteration halo. Parageneses of albite with chlorite and epidote are only characteristic of peripheral sections of the halo, subjected to the propylite-type alteration. Quartz-potassium feldspar alterations are distributed in the central and deep-seated sections of the halo. Petrographic investigations of hydrothermal alterations and results of the X-ray structural analysis and infrared (IR) spectroscopy of micas from the mineralized quartz-sericite metasomatites were applied to reveal a cryptic mineralogical zonation of the Kyzyk-Chadr porphyry copper deposit. Elements of the cryptic mineralogical zonation, revealed based on results of the X-ray study and IR spectroscopy of light-colored micaceous metasomatites of the deposit, are caused by variable proportions of the phengite and muscovite components in their composition. The phengite component predominates in the central and deep-seated sections of the alteration-mineralization halo of the deposit, while the muscovite component progressively increases toward its flanks and upper sections. This tendency correlates with the general vector of the mineralogical alteration-mineralization zonation and are supposedly explained by changing PT conditions within the porphyry copper ore-magmatic system. The indicator of the cryptic mineralogical zonation by the “phengite-muscovite” relationship can be applied for prospecting and preliminary evaluation of porphyry copper type deposits, being used as an objective guide for correlation of already obtained ore-grade interceptions and forecasting the ore bodies.

BACKGROUND: Psychological predictors of overall mortality in the Russian population of Type 2 diabetic patients and their impact compared to biological risk factors have not been studied.AIM. To identify clinical, laboratory and psychological factors independently associated with the 5-year overall mortality in Type 2 diabetic patients in the Moscow region.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This open label observational prospective study included 178 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients (women 145, men 33, age range 37 to 82 years, duration of diabetes 0,5 to 30 years). At baseline, in addition to the standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental work-up, all patients were assessed for depression, cognitive dysfunction and diabetes-related quality of life. No study-related intervention was performed; all patients were followed up and treated by their local physicians. After 5 years, we assessed the patients’ vital status (alive or dead). Multiple logistic regression was used to identify baseline patients’ characteristics, which were significantly and independently associated with 5-year overall mortality. Taking into account the exploratory type of multiple regression, the results were considered significant at αRESULTS: At 5 years, 150 (84%) patients were alive and 15 (8,4%) were dead; no information could be obtained for the rest 13 (7,3%) patients. The analysis of 165 patients with the verified outcome, independent and significant associations with the death outcome were found for male gender (odds ratio [OR] 6,36 [95%CI 0,91–44.40]; p=0.06), age (OR 2.06 [1.30–3.27]; pCONCLUSION: Cognitive dysfunction and depression have a significant negative impact on the 5-year mortality rate at much higher degree, than glycemic control, any diabetes-related complications and cardiovascular disorders, excluding CHF. The results obtained highlight the importance of the diagnosis and treatment of depression and cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim. To analyze the factors associated with a poor outcome of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) and complications of the hospital postoperative period; on the basis of this analysis to optimize preoperative preparation and therapeutic support of the operation. Materials and methods. The study included 47 patients with operable CTEPH, who underwent PTE in the Department of cardiovascular surgery of the national medical research center of cardiology from 2010 to 2018. Patients were observed during the intrahospital period, all were evaluated for clinical, instrumental, hemodynamic, and laboratory parameters. Diagnosis and treatment of complications, assessment of the relationship of factors associated with the development of these pathological conditions were carried out. Results. A comprehensive assessment of the parameters revealed that age over 50 years, the presence of proven antiphospholipid syndrome (AFS) were independently associated with a higher frequency of adverse surgical outcomes and in-hospital complications. Older age and a history of smoking were independently associated with a greater likelihood of developing reperfusion pulmonary edema. The probability of developing transient neurological complications is independently associated with a long duration of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), an increased level of D-dimer. A greater age and longer duration of ventilation are independently associated with the likelihood of developing acute kidney injury (AKI). A higher level of antithrombin III and the presence of AFS were independently associated with the likelihood of developing prolonged ventilation. Conclusion. When selecting candidates for surgery, in addition to the generally accepted clinical and instrumental parameters, it is necessary to take into account a history of Smoking, an increase in d-dimer, and the presence of AFS. Patients with this pathology need a more thorough risk assessment, correction of target levels of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), activated clotting time (ACT) due to their falsely inflated indicators, and further development of standards for perioperative support. The main principle of cardiological support of the operation is the earliest possible diagnosis of all known perioperative complications and the rapid start of their treatment, which ensures the stabilization of the patient’s condition in 85% of cases in the hospital period. In the postoperative period, an early transition from ventilator to independent breathing is indicated for the prevention of associated complications, including AKI.

Aim. To assess the impact of adherence and effectiveness of long-term positive airway pressure therapy (PAP-therapy) on the clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients who were examined in the sleep apnea laboratory of the Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology of the National Medical Research Center for Cardiology and who have been on PAP-therapy for more than 12 months. The average age of the patients was 65.0 years [59.0; 71.0], body mass index 35.0 kg/m2 [31.0; 38.0], sleep apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 39.5/h [31.0; 62.6]. The average duration of PAP therapy was 3.5 years [2.0; 6.0], while the minimum use was 1 year, the maximum 15 years. In the sample of patients who came in person, the percentage of days using PAP-therapy was 87.5% [62.0; 98.0] and the average usage time 6.3 hours [5.2; 7.3]. Results. On long-term PAP-therapy a persistent decrease in AHI was seen on average from 39.5/h [31.0; 62.6] to 2.7/h [1.2; 6.2], p=0,000. The criteria for good adherence to PAP-therapy (use 4 hours/night, more than 70% of nights) were met by the percentage of days of use by 67.5% of patients, the average time of use by 87.5% of patients. Both criteria for good adherence to PAP-therapy was met by 64.8% of patients. With long-term PAP-therapy, 71.7% of patients met the criteria of effectiveness (AHI5/h), AHI remained 5/h in 22.9% of patients and the average residual AHI was 10/h in 5.4% of patients. Correlation analysis showed associations between the PAP-therapy usage parameters and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and sleep quality: percentage of days of use and AHI (r=0.374, p=0.001), average time of use and PSQI (r=-0.438, p=0.000). Patients with a lower adherence to PAP-therapy (63.0% of days [22.0; 96.0] and 3.6 hours [2.4; 4.5] of use) did not differ in daytime sleepiness (ESS 5.0 points [2.0; 9.0] and 5.0 points [3.0; 8.0 ], p=0.891), but had a significantly lower quality of sleep (PSQI): 18.0 points [14.0; 20.0] versus 10.0 points [7.0; 18.0], p=0.004 compared with patients with high adherence to PAP-therapy (98.0% of the days [92.0; 99.0] and 7.9 hours [7.5; 8.2] of use). Conclusions. Patients with the higher adherence to PAP-therapy had significantly better sleep quality. But even the use of PAP-therapy for less than 4 hours is associated with a decrease in daytime sleepiness severity.

The functioning of various systems (in particular technical objects, living cells, the atmosphere and the ocean, etc.) is determined by the course of physical and physico-chemical processes in them. In order to model physicochemical processes in the general case, the authors previously developed a potential-flow method based on an experimental study (on the results of system tests) of the properties of substances and processes. In the general case, from these experimental data, many possible values of these properties are obtained. Knowing these properties of substances and processes, the initial state of the system, external influences on it (or the set of possible values of these quantities), we can analyze the dynamics of physicochemical processes in this system, and from it the dynamics of the characteristics of this system that have practical meaning. Thus, from the system of equations of this method, a relationship is obtained between the unobservable characteristics of these systems with the observed characteristics of the systems and laboratory systems under consideration (in which the properties of substances and processes in the system under study are experimentally studied). As the potential flow equations describing the physicochemical processes are generally quite complicated for analytical transformations, the aforementioned relationship must be obtained by numerical methods. The present work is devoted to the use of deep learning as a universal approximator for obtaining the described connection between the characteristics of arbitrary systems. These models are trained on the dynamics of the characteristics of the systems under consideration, obtained from potential-flow equations of physicochemical processes in them for different values of the parameters that determine the properties of substances and processes in these systems, their initial states, and external influences.

Agriculture is one of the most difficult and unpredictable industries. Despite this, technological advances in related industries can significantly reduce the negative impact of external factors by improving agricultural technologies and agricultural equipment, including through the introduction of unmanned mobile energy vehicles and robotic platforms for performing various agricultural operations. The interest of the scientific community in research on robotic systems for agricultural purposes is growing every year. Most of the reviewed publications are devoted to the development and improvement of computer vision systems, a description of the design of the developed robots and the results of their tests, as well as the development of autonomous control systems for robotic platforms, navigation and communication systems. At the same time, not a single solution for the development of agricultural robotic systems has currently reached the level of an economically accessible industrial design. This is due primarily to the high complexity and cost of development, applied technological solutions and equipment. The industrial introduction of agricultural robots will become possible only with the further significant development and cost reduction of the technologies and components used in them.

Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of possible obstructive respiratory disorder during sleep in outpatients by the data from computed monitoring pulse oxymetry (CPO) and questionnaires.Material and methods. To the open one stage non-randomized comparative study, 175 patients included: 37,1% males, 62,9% females, age 55,1±11,1 y.o., visiting a clinician office at outpatient facility. Sleep disordered breathing of obstructive origin was diagnosed with a survey, modified Stradling questionnaire and CPO; and excessive daytime sleepiness — with Epworth score. For confirmation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a bifunctional monitoring was performed (BM) with further comparison of the data with CPO results.Results. Chronic hypoxemia at night by CPO was found in 71,4% patients, and probability of OSA moderate and severe — in 42,8% patients. By the modified Stradling, OSA was predicted in 57,7%, by Epworth, the daytime sleepiness was found in 11,4%. Mild OSA in BM was found in 8,9%, moderate — 14,7%, severe — 20,6%. The data from CPO matched with BM in 80% patients. Sensitivity of CPO for nocturnal hypoxemia of various severity was 92,4%, specificity — 76,4%; sensitivity of the Stradling questionnaire — 88,9%, specificity — 88,2%. Sensitivity of Epworth score — 27,8%, specificity — 82,4%.Conclusion. Chronic nocturnal hypoxemia was found in 71,4%, and probability of moderate and severe OSA — in 42,8% in outpatients with internal diseases profile. CPO and Stradling questionnaire can be applied as diagnostic instruments for OSA at outpatient stage.

Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular events and death depending on baseline coronary collateral blood flow (CBF) in five year follow-up of stable coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Material and methods. To the study, 579 stable CHD patients included, who during scheduled coronary angiography (CAG) were diagnosed with at least one stenosis in one coronary artery (diameter no less than 1,5 mm), narrowing its lumen by ≥50%. CBF was assessed by Rentrop modified method. In 5 years post index CAG, the cardiovascular events were counted (relapse or worsening of functional class of angina, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery, acute stroke) and mortality. Results. In multifactorial analysis (Cox regression) the association revealed of the good CBF with lower cardiovascular mortality (HR 0,5; р=0,02) and all-cause mortality (HR 0,5; р=0,004). In multifactorial analysis (logistic regression) there was association of good CBF with lower rate of relapse/worsening of angina in long term period — (OR 0,36, p=0,002). There was no relation found for CBF condition and non-fatal myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusion. By the data from five year follow-up, good CBF correlates with less cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and with the frequency of relapse/worsening of the FC of angina pectoris in chronic CHD patients, including those underwent revascularization, regardless of the severity of disease, coronary flow lesion and other factors associated with cardiovascular complications.

Mathematical models in the electrical parameters of physico-chemical processes in lithium-ion batteries are developed. The developed model parameters (discharge mode) are identified out of family of discharging curve. By using of the parameters of this model we get the numerically model of lithium-ion battery.

Aim. This study was carried out to evaluate polymorbidity taking into account geriatric syndromes and their relationship with the course of chronic heart failure (CHF) in outpatients aged 60 years and older. Methods. We conducted an open, prospective, non-randomized study. The main group included 80 patients with CHF, the comparison group – 40 patients without CHF. Conducted clinical examination, ECG, echocardiography, two-photon X-ray absorptiometry. The scale of assessment of clinical status in CHF,Charlson comorbidity index were used. The criteria for frailty were the presence of at least 3 signs due FRAIL scale. Mean follow-up was 24.1±13.0 months. Results. All patients with CHF (100%) and 92.5% of the comparison group had a concomitant pathology. A combination of 3 or more of any diseases was more common in CHF compared to control group (p=0.008), CKD (66%) and obesity (35%) were the most common pathology. Combinations of osteoporosis and CKD (28%), obesity and CKD (23%) were the most frequent in the CHF patients, a combination of obesity and CKD (28%), obesity and diabetes (18%) – without CHF patients. The same incidence of osteoporosis (p=0.768), falls (p=0.980), fractures (p=0.549) and frailty (p=0.828) was observed in CHF patients and different EFLV, but prevalence of frailty was observed at the age of 75 years and older. During the observation period, 24% CHF patients and 5% patients without CHF (p=0.022) died. The worst survival of patients with ischemic genesis of CHF and osteoporosis was noted. The factors associated with an increased risk of death in CHF patients were the ischemic etiology of CHF (OR 8.33; 95% CI 1.11–62.4; p=0.039), male gender (OR 7.91; 95% CI 2.3–27.2; p=0.001), LV EF Conclusion. All СHF patients had concomitant diseases, CKD and obesity were the most common pathologies. The ischemic etiology of CHF, along with the male gender, LV EF less than 45%, severe clinical statusand high score on the Charlson comorbidity index turned out to be risk factors for death in outpatients aged 60 years and older with CHF.

The paper analyzes the communication matrix coefficients reagiruemostey simple subsystems and the coefficient matrix formed independent subsystems simple reagents chemically reacting systems with chemical kinetics. He showed that the coefficient matrix and the matrix of coefficients reagiruemostey formed independent reagents simple subsystems have the following Items supplied: symmetry; reagiruemostey coefficient matrix in the second subsystem is the sum of simple and symmetric nonnegative definite matrices, at least one of which is positive definite, due to different mechanisms of chemical reactions. Also property of these matrices simple subsystems as matrices susceptibility is positive definiteness of these matrices. The symmetry of these positive- definite matrices follows from the principle of independence stages kinetic mechanism of chemical transformations. Under such constraints matrix corresponds to the general features of the kinetic mechanism of chemical transformations. The paper shows that when comparing potentially streaming method of modeling chemical reactions in a closed system of chemically reacting with traditional chemical kinetics of these two methods are equivalent. Proposed potentially streaming method is preferred in the absence of the detailed mechanism of complex chemically reacting systems. If the total kinetic information is not available, it is preferable to use the proposed potentially streaming method agreed with the non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Quasigradient models of the dynamics of closed chemical systems are proposed. The evolution of a reacting system to equilibrium is described by a gradient of free energy with a precision of up to a positive definite multiplier. A simple model of oxidation of hydrogen on platinum is considered as an example.

A new class of models of the chemical dynamics of closed systems, quasi-gradient models, is suggested. According to these models, the evolution of a chemically reacting system to the equilibrium state occurs along a thermodynamic potential gradient with an accuracy to a positive definite multiplier.

An experiment has been proposed, theoretically substantiated and accomplished which has provided conclusive evidence in favour of one of two models for the behaviour of polarised light in optical fibres fabricated by spinning preforms with a high built-in linear birefringence (spun fibres): a helical structure of the built-in linear birefringence axes and circular birefringence. The experiment, carried out with a reflective fibreoptic dual-polarisation interferometer, has shown that the behaviour of polarisation states in spun fibres can be understood in terms of a helical structure of the built-in linear birefringence axes.

The interaction of 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dichlorophenylmethane and polyethylene with increased amount of unsaturated fragments in polymer chains and also with its low molecular analog-decene-1 was investigated. It was shown that the interaction occurs by both addition to the double bonds and by formation of H-complexes with participation of amino groups and oxo-functions formed in the course of polymer thermo-oxidation. The conclusion is confirmed by the results of quantum-chemical calculations of model systems.

Collateral blood flow is a natural way of compensation of blood supply of ischemic myocardium however its efficacy is highly individual. Revelation of potentially modifiable factors acting on which it would be possible to change the state of collateral blood flow will allow to find an approach to improvement of prognosis and quality of life of patients with ischemic heart disease. In this review we show significance of collateral blood flow, analyze mechanisms of its formation, and stress the role of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its genetic polymorphism.

The article examines the role of magnesium in the metabolism and the pathogenesis of common cardiovascular diseases, and provides research data on the use of magnesium salts as adjunctive therapy of these diseases.