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Aim. To study the main pathogenetic mechanisms in the development of dystrophic-inflammatory periodontal diseases by analyzing scientific research results covered in current specialized literature. Material and methods. Searching, systematization, processing and analysis of scientific sources, which present modern theories of pathogenesis and development of dystrophic-inflammatory periodontal diseases. Results. The conducted data analysis from modern literary sources proves that the progression of dystrophic-inflammatory periodontal diseases depends not only on the development of local inflammation in the periodontal tissues caused by the dental plaque microflora, but also it is a reaction to the influence of systemic factors. They lead to profound changes in the body internal environment and, as a result, to structural damage of the periodontal tissues. At the same time, the results obtained do not allow the authors to clearly assess the nature of these relationships and require further in-depth studies. Conclusions. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of periodontal diseases allow developing optimal measures for their diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

The aim of the study is a review of modern national and foreign literature on the influence of the oral cavity state and the pathology of periodontal tissues, in particular generalized periodontitis, on the occurrence and severity of the course of internal organ and body system diseases. Inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases lead to an increase in the level of chronic inflammatory agents due to the systemic spread of inflammatory mediators released during local tissue destruction, as well as the systemic spread of pathogenic microorganisms, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, pathological processes in the gastrointestinal tract, complicates the course of diabetes mellitus and respiratory diseases in patients with periodontal diseases. That is why the study on pathogenetic interrelations between periodontal diseases and comorbid conditions is an urgent problem of modern dentistry. Conclusions. Given that certain extraoral pathologies arise as a result of damage by disseminated periodontopathogens, it is possible to provide new therapeutic opportunities to reduce the risk of developing comorbid conditions etiopathogenetically associated with generalized periodontitis. The data of clinical and experimental studies that are presented in this literature review definitely show the need for timely treatment of periodontal diseases, which provides not only the health of the oral cavity, but also prevents the occurrence of general somatic diseases.

The purpose of the work – the analysis of specialized scientific literature for the study and generalization of data on modern views on the treatment of generalized periodontitis in persons with severe general somatic diseases. Dystrophic-inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues are polyethiological, pathogenesis of which is closely associated with pathological processes caused by the most important systems of the body malfunction. An integrated treatment approach to periodontal diseases, which in addition to local therapy involves the detection and timelyttreatment of somatic pathology, is an important condition for achieving positive results. The article presents modern scientific researches of common pathogenetically significant changes in generalized periodontitis and somatic diseases (cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract diseases), which allow a clearer understanding of the periodontal diseases genesis nature and effective therapeutic and prophylactic measures development. Conclusions. The duration of general-somatic disease increases the incidence and prevalence of generalized periodontitis in people of all ages, complicates the course with a tendency to progression. This fact requires a special approach to the treatment of generalized periodontitis in patients taking into account the pathogenesis, features of the course and treatment of an underlying disease.