1,253 results on '"INCENTIVOS"'
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2. Impactos da energia solar na área rural.
- Author
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Paulo Francisco, Alan, Julia Zorgette, Ana, Machado Ferreira, Gabriel, and Pinheiro Bueno, Miriam
- Abstract
Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
3. Instruction over Incentives: Assessing Reading Strategies for International Security Studies.
- Author
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Gilbert, Danielle, Bezerra, Paul, and Becker, Karin L
- Subjects
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READING strategies , *INTERNATIONAL security , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *READING comprehension , *HIGHER education , *CONSUMPTION (Economics) - Abstract
Discussion-based courses in international relations rely on students' careful reading of complex texts in advance of class. However, instructors face a perennial problem: many students do not read effectively, or at all. We argue that students often want to, but do not always know how to , read such material effectively. With instruction and guidance on effective reading strategies, students can improve reading comprehension. To test our hypotheses, we measure the effects of (1) receiving course-preparation assignment worksheets (CPAs), (2) receiving critical/active reading strategies instruction, or (3) receiving both interventions (1) and (2) on students' consumption of reading assignments and reading comprehension. Across four sections of an "International Security Studies" course, we tested our hypotheses using student self-assessment. Results indicate that both CPAs and reading strategies instruction increase student consumption and self-assessed comprehension of assigned material, but with intriguing nuance across the range of possible responses. Generally, no added benefit upon comprehension is realized by offering both treatments together. These effective reading strategies offer benefits beyond our classroom, imparting students with long-lasting skills and offering instructors easily adaptable activities for use in other courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Desafíos de la profesión médica en el ámbito académico y para la producción del conocimiento
- Author
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Efrén Gonzalo Oliva Estrada and Arturo Villarreal Palos
- Subjects
Profesión médica ,producción del conocimiento ,académicos ,incentivos ,ética ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
El personal médico-académico de la H. Universidad de Guadalajara enfrenta desafíos significativos, derivados en parte a las demandas Institucionales, sociales y de sus responsabilidades sustantivas. Es fundamental reconocer que sus actividades, especialmente las relacionadas con la investigación, se encuentran reguladas por un marco normativo que, aunque protege la práctica profesional, genera presión adicional en el personal. La búsqueda de un equilibrio entre sus roles profesionales, académicos y las expectativas Institucionales presenta numerosos retos, no solo en su labor investigativa, sino también en la docencia -particularmente en un hospital escuela- y en otras responsabilidades académicas. Este artículo expone los resultados de doce entrevistas realizadas al personal de médicos académicos, evidenciando los desafíos que enfrentan en el ejercicio de su compleja pero noble labor
- Published
- 2024
5. Values Matter: Patent Office, Innovation and the Social Contract
- Author
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Benedicto Acosta
- Subjects
valores epistémicos ,innovación ,contrato social ,bases de datos ,incentivos ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 - Abstract
Según la teoría del contrato social de las patentes, los Estados otorgan una exclusividad comercial a los inventores a cambio de la divulgación de la tecnología, con el objetivo de facilitar futuras innovaciones. El argumento que defenderé es que, bajo la lógica de la teoría del contrato social, la falta de orientación por ciertos valores epistémicos puede contribuir a un escenario en el que la divulgación de invenciones no promueva la innovación tecnológica. Primero, explico cómo la visibilidad y accesibilidad de la información divulgada pueden verse afectadas por problemas en las bases de datos y los motores de búsqueda de patentes. Segundo, analizo cómo las oficinas de patentes pueden no estar fomentando la búsqueda ni la formación de los examinadores. Este estudio se basa principalmente en doce entrevistas en profundidad con examinadores de patentes españoles. La información analizada sugiere situaciones que pueden afectar la forma en que la tesis del contrato explica: (1) la difusión de la información y (2) los valores epistémicos que conducen a la innovación tecnológica.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Contabilidad de costos ambientales: integración de prácticas sostenibles en el proceso de toma de decisiones empresariales
- Author
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Michelle Estefanía Vélez-Cordero and Azucena de las Mercedes Torres-Negrete
- Subjects
contabilidad ,medio ambiente ,integración ,decisiones ,incentivos ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
La contabilidad de costos ambientales aporta en la toma de decisiones empresariales al proporcionar información sobre los costos asociados con las operaciones que impactan el medio ambiente. En este sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación consiste en desarrollar un marco contable que integre los costos ambientales en el proceso de toma de decisiones empresariales, identificando beneficios económicos y medioambientales. Para ello, se empleó un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo sobre la base de encuestas a contadores públicos de empresas proveedoras de servicios de internet. Se identificó que la mayoría de las empresas no incluyen los costos ambientales en sus informes financieros, aunque reconocen su importancia. Los incentivos fiscales y las demandas de los consumidores se destacaron como impulsores clave para esta integración. Las empresas enfrentan desafíos, como la falta de conocimiento y la resistencia cultural. Se concluye la necesidad de cerrar la brecha entre la percepción y la práctica contable, promoviendo así una gestión empresarial más sostenible y responsable.
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
7. The importance of equity in payments to encourage coexistence with large mammals.
- Author
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Hamm, Joseph, Holmes, George, and Martin‐Ortega, Julia
- Subjects
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RURAL population , *ENDANGERED species , *ANIMAL populations , *PAYMENT , *PARTICIPATORY design - Abstract
Large mammals often impose significant costs such as livestock depredation or crop foraging on rural communities, and this can lead to the retaliatory killing of threatened wildlife populations. One conservation approach—payments to encourage coexistence (PEC)—aims to reduce these costs through financial mechanisms, such as compensation, insurance, revenue sharing, and conservation performance payments. Little is known about the equitability of PEC, however, despite its moral and instrumental importance, prevalence as a conservation approach, and the fact that other financial tools for conservation are often inequitable. We used examples from the literature to examine the capability of PEC—as currently perceived and implemented—to be inequitable. We recommend improving the equitability of current and future schemes through the cooperative design of schemes that promote compensatory equity and greater consideration of conservation performance payments and by changing the international model for funding PEC to reduce global coexistence inequalities. New and existing programs must address issues of equitability across scales to ensure that conservation efforts are not undermined by diminished social legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. ¿Castigar o premiar? Las sanciones positivas.
- Author
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BEA, EMILIA
- Subjects
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LEGAL sanctions , *INCENTIVE (Psychology) , *CRIMINAL law , *INTELLECTUAL history , *SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
The book "Punish or Reward? Positive Sanctions" by Ángeles Solanes Corella, professor at the University of Valencia, proposes an alternative to the legal paradigm focused on coercion. The book addresses the promotional function of law and positive sanctions as a technique to promote behavior through incentives and rewards. The author uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines sociology, history of ideas, logic, criminal law, and other fields of knowledge. The book seeks legal devices that respond to the demands of increasingly complex social, cultural, economic, and political environments. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
9. Perspectiva econômica do mercado de inovação em tecnologia assistiva: cenário nacional e projeções mundiais.
- Author
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Amorim Rodrigues, Amanda, Marques Texeira, Caio Henrique, Carlos de Moraes, Antonio, and Rogério dos Santos, Vagner
- Subjects
TAX incentives ,ASSISTIVE technology ,SMALL business ,SUPPLY & demand ,MARKETING research ,EXPORT marketing - Abstract
Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. El impuesto sobre la renta, los incentivos tributarios y las cooperativas en América Latina.
- Author
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Lara Gómez, Graciela
- Subjects
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TAX incidence , *DIRECT taxation , *INCOME tax , *WAIVER , *TAX base - Abstract
With a theoretical approach to tax incentives, direct taxes and their incidence on cooperatives, it was sought to identify the current Latin American legal systems for Income Tax. Especially, the norms that include the legal figures for the release of the tax are analyzed, verifying its scope, requirements and procedures for its application. It is based on the fact that the granting of incentives is based on the principle of tax equity and on the recognition of the countries about the benefits that they contribute to social and economic development. Therefore, the research is based on theoretical guidelines on incentives and equity for cooperatives. It is recognized that the region is heterogeneous but that it shares legal similarities, which makes it possible to contrast its regulations. For this reason, the comparative method was considered suitable. With this, the particularities of the normative systems of seventeen nations were understood, through the confrontation of their tax precepts, allowing the identification of their convergences and divergences. The results show that most of the countries integrate exemptions in the various legal devices and, to a lesser extent, countries that tax cooperatives with reduced rates or tariffs were distinguished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Delegación y deferencia: reflexiones desde una perspectiva económica del Derecho de sociedades
- Author
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Maribel Sáez Lacave
- Subjects
relación principal-agente ,incentivos ,información asimétrica ,deferencia ,discrecionalidad ,análisis económico del Derecho ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 ,Public law ,K3150 - Abstract
En este trabajo se propone una aproximación a la deferencia judicial a través del modelo económico de delegación. En un entorno de información asimétrica existe un trade-off entre discrecionalidad y deferencia en la supervisión o monitoring ex post. La delegación que origina la relación principal-agente produce costes, pero también beneficios. Es más, incluso cuando la supervisión o el control ex post estricto o no deferente por parte de los accionistas es eficiente, constituye ex ante una amenaza de expropiación, lo que reduce la iniciativa empresarial y las inversiones no contractuales. La revisión judicial puede analizarse también siguiendo este modelo. No siempre la revisión judicial estricta es la más deseable, porque hay entornos en el que es más beneficioso garantizar un ámbito de discrecionalidad o de impunidad. Con todo, la manera es efectiva de lidiar con la relación principal-agente no es a través de la revisión judicial, sino a través de los incentivos contractuales
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. El dilema de la motivación al interior de la Policía Nacional de Colombia
- Author
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Jorge David Moreno Cuesta and Nathaly Andrea Robles
- Subjects
motivación ,representación social ,policía de colombia ,incentivos ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Este artículo tiene como objetivo exponer la representación social de la motivación en los miembros de la Policía Nacional de Colombia. Por tanto, emplea el enfoque mixto basado en la autoetnografía de los autores, la revisión documental de varias teorías de la motivación, normatividad de la Policía Nacional de Colombia y otras entidades sobre incentivos a los policías, la estadística de las sanciones impuestas a los uniformados desde el 2010 hasta el 2019 por la Inspección General de la Policía Nacional (INSGE, 2020) y la estadística del nivel educativo de todos los policías para el 2022. Como resultado, es soportada la representación social de la motivación en los miembros de la Policía Nacional por medio de relatos y comportamientos extraídos de investigaciones sobre el tema en el ámbito colombiano y estadísticas. Luego de este planteamiento, se puede concluir que no existe una variable, modelo o parámetro para establecer una ruta de acción, con el fin de que la Institución logre la felicidad, conformismo o fidelización de todos sus integrantes.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. El dilema de la motivación al interior de la Policía Nacional de Colombia.
- Author
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Moreno Cuesta, Jorge David and Andrea Robles, Nathaly
- Subjects
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POLICE , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *INCENTIVE (Psychology) , *CONFORMITY , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
This article aims to delineate the social representation of motivation among the members of the Colombian National Police. Therefore, it uses the mixed approach based on the authors' autoethnography, the documentary review of various theories of motivation, the regulations of the National Police of Colombia and other entities regarding incentives for police officers, the statistics of the sanctions imposed on the uniformed officers from 2010 to 2019 by the General Inspectorate of the National Police (INSGE, 2020) and the statistics regarding the educational level of all police officers for the year 2022. As a result, the social representation of motivation among members of the National Police is supported by reports and behaviours extracted from research on the subject in Colombia as well as statistics. Following this approach, it can be concluded that there is no variable, model or parameter to establish a course of action for the institution to achieve the happiness, conformism or loyalty of all its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. INNOVATION IN AGRIBUSINESS AS STRATEGIC TOOL IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECTOR IN THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO DO SUL.
- Author
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Santos Silva, Luan Carlos and França Palata, Letícia
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL economics ,LITERATURE reviews ,AGRICULTURAL industries ,STATE universities & colleges ,COMPETITIVE advantage in business ,LABOR incentives ,PUBLIC universities & colleges ,ECONOMIC competition ,AGRICULTURAL innovations - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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15. El problema de las pequeñas causas y el acceso a la justicia
- Author
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Alejo Joaquín Giles
- Subjects
pequeñas causas ,acceso a la justicia ,incentivos ,modelos ,Law ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
¿Cómo entender las pequeñas causas y por qué son, cuando lo son, un problema de acceso a la justicia? ¿Cómo evaluar las estrategias procesales que buscan afrontar este problema? En el presente trabajo se abordan tales interrogantes y se ofrecen algunas respuestas que pueden sintetizarse como sigue. Se propone entender las pequeñas causas como aquellos casos en los cuales no hay incentivos positivos para demandar, dados los bajos beneficios esperados u otros factores que se especificarán. Serán un problema si resultase deseable que lleguen a los tribunales. Los sistemas procesales suelen abordar este problema de dos maneras, simplificando y/o unificando. Según se alegará, tales estrategias han de ser evaluadas por su aptitud para incentivar las conductas deseables, para lo cual es preciso contar con modelos teóricos que den cuenta de cómo se comportan, de hecho, las personas.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Industrialização no Portugal Liberal (1820-1910). Incentivos e Obstáculos
- Author
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José Amado Mendes
- Subjects
industrialização ,incentivos ,obstáculos ,revolução industrial ,tecnologia ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform ,HN1-995 ,History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
A história da indústria não tem sido uma temática muito do agrado dos investigadores. Além de outros motivos, a tese defendida por alguns autores, segundo a qual não se terá registado em Portugal e, mesmo em Espanha, uma Revolução Industrial, não tem contribuído para o estudo do que, efetivamente, não teria existido. Porém, como adiante se verá, se afastarmos a ideia de considerar apenas o modelo britânico como expressão do desenvolvimento industrial – geralmente considerado como “Revolução Industrial” –, verificamos que, em Portugal, se registou efetivamente um certo incremento do setor secundário, entre os alvores do liberalismo e a proclamação da I República, em 1910. Além da evolução do contexto político e socioeconómico, analisar-se-ão os principais incentivos à industrialização e os motivos do respetivo, embora limitado, sucesso. Por outro lado, como o processo também se deparou com obstáculos, serão identificados os mais significativos para que a industrialização no País tenha sido, de facto, lenta e tardia.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. RELACIÓN ENTRE SALARIO Y BIENESTAR EN LOS EMPLEADOS DE NIVEL DIRECTIVO EN VILLAVICENCIO, COLOMBIA.
- Author
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TORRES-FLÓREZ, DAGOBERTO, GARCÉS PENAGOS, MANUEL ALEJANDRO, and RIVERA BARRIOS, SARA SOFÍA
- Subjects
EMPLOYEES ,YOUNG adults ,INDUSTRIAL relations ,WAGES ,ECONOMIC sectors ,EMPLOYEE well-being ,INDUSTRIAL welfare ,ANTHROPOSOPHY ,WELL-being - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Criterio Libre is the property of Revista Criterio Libre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
18. Compromiso organizacional y satisfacción individual ligada al desempeño laboral.
- Author
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Gutiérrez G., Taniuska
- Subjects
ORGANIZATIONAL commitment ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,SELF-realization ,WORK environment ,JOB performance ,JOB satisfaction - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Investigación en Ciencias Económicas (REICE) is the property of REICE: Revista Electronica de Investigacion en Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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19. Incentivos como instrumento para mejorar la productividad y eficiencia de una microempresa purificadora de agua.
- Author
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Carreón Romero, Roberto Carlos and Ramírez Torres, Alfredo
- Subjects
WAGE differentials ,WAGES ,PESO (Mexican currency) ,MINIMUM wage ,WAGE increases ,MASS production - Abstract
Copyright of CULCyT: Cultura Científica y Tecnológica is the property of Cultura Cientifica y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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20. Factores que Influyen en la Motivación Laboral.
- Author
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Merlos Patiño, Laura Alicia, González Farias, Porfirio, Guerrero Mena, Alondra, Herrera Vázquez, Erick, and Peralta Badillo, Cristian
- Abstract
Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
21. Importancia causal de factores del contexto local en el manejo y control de recursos forestales colectivos al noroeste de Colombia.
- Author
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Ricardo Sanabria-Botero, Julio and Asprilla-Perea, Jeferson
- Abstract
Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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22. PLANO DE BENEFÍCIOS SOCIAIS COMO FATOR DE MOTIVAÇÃO: ESTUDO DE CASO NUMA EMPRESA DO RAMO MOVELEIRO.
- Author
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DE FÁTIMA DOS SANTOS CORREA, NILCEIA, BIEGELMEYER, UILIAM HAHN, CASTILHOS, NADIA CRISTINA, DE BARBA, VERA MARIA, CAMARGO, MARIA EMILIA, and CRACO, TANIA
- Subjects
EMPLOYEE motivation ,JOB satisfaction ,TEAMS in the workplace ,ACQUISITION of data ,INCENTIVE (Psychology) ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
23. ¿ESCASA OFERTA DE VIVIENDA EN ALQUILER? Estímulos fiscales para reducir la vivienda vacía.
- Author
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BORGIA SORROSAL, SOFÍA
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HOUSING ,REAL estate business ,RENTAL housing ,FISCAL policy - Abstract
Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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24. Assessing intervention effectiveness at promoting voluntary conservation practice adoption in agrienvironments.
- Author
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Read, Daniel J. and Wainger, Lisa
- Subjects
- *
MONETARY incentives , *ODDS ratio , *FACTORS of production , *TREE crops , *THEMATIC analysis , *REGIONAL differences - Abstract
Although implementing conservation practices on private farms and forests can produce substantial environmental benefits, these practices are not being adopted widely enough to result in measurable improvements at regional scales. Researchers have investigated the production and program factors influencing producer choices to voluntarily adopt these practices. However, the findings of reviews are inconsistent, raising questions about review methods, including the omission of relevant variables. Further, applying lessons from past work to promote adoption is difficult because many reviews investigated dispositional or demographic variables that practitioners and policy makers cannot directly observe or influence. We conducted a new review of 146 empirical studies that tested the effects of different interventions (e.g., financial incentives, outreach events, and nudges) on increasing the likelihood of producers adopting conservation practices. We conducted a metaregression of quantitative studies from diverse disciplines that filtered studies by quality (i.e., use of randomization and clear analysis reporting). We synthesized these results with a thematic analysis of qualitative studies on producer perspectives about conservation practices. Financial incentives had the strongest evidence of increasing producers' likelihood of adopting conservation practices (odds ratio 1.86, p < 0.05). However, this effect was only apparent after filtering by study quality, which also improved model fit and identified significant regional differences (odds ratio –1.69, p < 0.01). The thematic review of qualitative studies revealed that peer groups may be successful in reinforcing adoption behaviors due to homophily effects and that financial incentives not only offset implementation costs but also mitigated perceived risks of adoption. Given the problems we encountered in testing hypotheses about the magnitude of variability explained by intervention types and practice characteristics, we recommend additional experimental and longitudinal work that accounts for financial incentives and pairs qualitative and quantitative data to clarify relationships between program design and practice adoption rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Los expertos y su laberinto. Una reflexión sobre ética en tiempos de pandemia.
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Xavier Vallès and Gerard Carot-Sans
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expertos ,conflictos de intereses ,ética ,incentivos ,moral ,kant ,covid-19 ,pandemia ,autoridad ,Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law ,K201-487 ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Abstract
Los expertos o líderes de opinión en el ámbito biomédico han cobrado una enorme relevancia en tiempos de la epidemia de Covid-19. Su influencia en las circunstancias particulares de la pandemia, plantea de forma acuciante los posibles conflictos de interés que puedan tener. Un conflicto de interés se define por aquella situación en que la integridad y el juicio de una persona puede verse influenciado por un interés secundario, y que puede apartarlo de los objetivos primarios que dictan su acción o actividad. La problemática de los conflictos de intereses se plantea casi siempre desde una óptica utilitarista, es decir, como detectarlos y evitar sus efectos perniciosos. No obstante, en este artículo argumentamos la insuficiencia de esta aproximación, y defendemos la necesidad de recuperar un sustrato moral aceptable para todos, en este caso la moral Kantiana y su concepto de autonomía, que permita vacunarnos de las derivas que pueden conllevar los conflictos de intereses en una sociedad extremadamente mediatizada, al mismo tiempo que se recupere el concepto de autoridad frente al de simple experto.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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26. DERECHO A LA INFORMACIÓN Y PRIMAS DE SEGURO EN MÉXICO.
- Author
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REYES-SIMPE, JAIME
- Subjects
INSURANCE companies ,INSURANCE crimes ,INSURANCE policies ,ACCESS to information ,ACTUARIAL risk ,CONSUMERS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ibero-Latinoamericana de Seguros is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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27. Factores incentivadores e inhibidores de la actividad exportadora en las pequeñas y medianas empresas mexicanas.
- Author
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CABIÇO MUIBO, AFONSO VAGARECHA and SANDOVAL CARAVEO, MARÍA DEL CARMEN
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GLOBALIZATION ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,SMALL business ,EXPORT marketing ,PERIODICAL articles ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Perspectiva Empresarial is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Ceipa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Motivations to adopt Agroecology in rural communities of the Northern Andes of Ecuador.
- Author
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Ayala, M. Ayala, Lane, M., and Montúfar, R.
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL ecology ,RURAL development ,MIXED methods research ,STAKEHOLDERS - Abstract
Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. LAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA TUTELAR LAS ORGANIZACIONES DE LA ECONOMÍA POPULAR Y SOLIDARIA EN ECUADOR.
- Author
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Caiza Ibarra, Ronnal
- Abstract
Copyright of Investigación y Desarrollo (1390-5546) is the property of Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo (DIDE) de la Universidad Tecnica de Ambato and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. RED DE BENEFICIOS E INCENTIVOS. LA IGLESIA CATÓLICA Y LA DEUDA PÚBLICA EN COLOMBIA .
- Author
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Granados, Óscar M. and Pinto Bernal, José Joaquín
- Subjects
LEGISLATIVE hearings ,CHURCH & state ,PUBLIC debts ,ECONOMIC policy ,TWENTIETH century ,LABOR incentives ,CONFISCATIONS ,PAYMENT - Abstract
Copyright of Historia Contemporanea is the property of Historia Contemporania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. CONSIDERACIONES HISTÓRICO-JURÍDICAS SOBRE EL SANEAMIENTO DE TERRENOS PANTANOSOS, LAGUNAS Y MARISMAS EN ESPAÑA (SS. XIX-XX): EXÉGESIS DE LA «LEY CAMBÓ».
- Author
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Abellán Contreras, Francisco José
- Subjects
COASTAL wetlands ,WETLANDS ,MARSHES ,LAGOONS ,GEOGRAPHY ,HYGIENE - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Jurídica de Castilla y León is the property of Junta de Castilla y Leon, Direccion de Servicios Juridicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
32. Red de beneficios e incentivos. La Iglesia Católica y la deuda pública en Colombia
- Author
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Oscar M. Granados and José Joaquín Pinto Bernal
- Subjects
Iglesia católica ,deuda pública ,redes ,incentivos ,beneficios ,History (General) ,D1-2009 - Abstract
Este artículo estudia la renta nominal a perpetuidad como mecanismo de indemnización ideado por el Estado colombiano para resarcir a la Iglesia como producto de la desamortización y redención de censos de mediados del siglo XIX. El estudio se desarrolló con documentos legislativos, algunos expedientes de reconocimiento y la aplicación de algunas herramientas de la ciencia de redes. Como producto de ello, se pudo constatar que los pagos de renta nominal se mantuvieron hasta entrado el siglo XX, lo que significó un costo para el fisco nacional. No obstante, al involucrar instituciones dedicadas a la educación, la salud y la beneficencia, el Estado colombiano cumplió con regularidad los pagos de los certificados reduciendo el impacto que tenía el no cubrir a cabalidad los gastos sociales en varias regiones del país generando una red de incentivos y beneficios mutuos.
- Published
- 2022
33. The Pyschoactive Politics Framework and the Beginning of Coca Eradication in Peru.
- Author
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Beckmann, Nicolas Alexander
- Subjects
- *
PHARMACEUTICAL policy , *DELEGATED legislation , *ATTORNEYS general , *PRACTICAL politics , *REPUTATION , *DRUG design - Abstract
Objective/Context: The present article develops a theoretical tool to explain drug policy decisions called the Psychoactive Politics Framework. It is built on the assumption that the design and implementation of drug policies affect several political goals, such as popularity, winning elections, material benefits, and international reputation. Therefore, the framework expects these policies to be the result of national and international incentives that will help policy makers achieve those goals. These are incentives related to public opinion, policy advocacy, crises, pressure, standing, and leadership. Methodology: The second part of the article applies the Psychoactive Politics Framework to explain Peru's first legislation to eradicate illicit coca crops: the Decree Law 22095 of 1978. Through examining diplomatic cables, protocols of international meetings, and media sources, the analysis gathers evidence in favor and against each of the incentives outlined in the framework. Conclusions: While Peru's drug policy reform took place in an increasingly prohibitionist international environment, its primary driver was the advocacy of national actors, such as the Ministry of the Interior, the Investigative Police, and the attorney general. Originality: The findings question the popular notion that prohibitionist drug policies in South America resulted exclusively from US pressure. Furthermore, the article presents a coherent tool to carry out theory-guided research about past and present drug policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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34. Turismo de negocios, aproximación conceptual a su desarrollo, contextualización y beneficios. Un caso de éxito en la Ciudad de Guadalajara, México.
- Author
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Roberto Moreno Ortiz and José Arturo González Cárdenas
- Subjects
Turismo de Reuniones ,Incentivos ,Conferencias y Exposiciones (MICE) ,crecimiento ,derrama económica ,Guadalajara ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 ,Finance ,HG1-9999 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
El denominado turismo de Reuniones, Incentivos, Conferencias y Exposiciones (MICE), es una especializacio?n en la manera de hacer turismo basada en viajes cuya finalidad son principalmente los negocios. Esta variante especializada del turismo ha mantenido un constante crecimiento durante las u?ltimas de?cadas al interior del mercado de servicios. Es una modalidad del turismo identificada recientemente bajo diversas particularidades que le describen como un nicho de mercado basado en la industria de reuniones o eventos, o sencillamente turismo de negocios. Todas sus denominaciones mantienen un concepto asociado. En la actualidad, el turismo MICE al ser una industria global que centra su objetivo en los alcances de diversas modalidades productivas en los tres sectores de la economi?a, mantiene un acelerado y vertiginoso crecimiento que ha evolucionado hacia conceptos de alta especializacio?n al interior de una industria cuyas interacciones mantienen constantes y vertiginosos cambios que implican una gestio?n o?ptima entre relaciones cliente-servicio, servicio-servicio, industria-industria, industria-servicios o industria-clientes finales, fundamentalmente. El objetivo general del presente trabajo es efectuar una caracterizacio?n del turismo MICE a lo largo de su implementacio?n y desarrollo, mediante la realizacio?n de exposiciones nacionales e internacionales en recintos feriales disen?ados exprofeso, eventos organizados con el apoyo de una cadena de servicios complementarios que integran un clu?ster para atender un segmento turi?stico altamente especializado. El objetivo particular se centra en exponer los beneficios que esta industria genera a lo largo de su cadena de valor, en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG), catalogada como uno de los destinos MICE de mayor relevancia en Me?xico.
- Published
- 2022
35. Avaliando a eficácia da política brasileira de combate aos cartéis
- Author
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Lucia Helena Salgado
- Subjects
direito e economia da concorrência ,política de dissuasão de cartéis ,combate a cartéis ,análise econômica do direito ,economia da colusão ,acordo de leniência ,estrutura de mercado ,incentivos ,estratégias concorrenciais ,vantagem auferida ,proporcionalidade ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Commercial law ,K1000-1395 ,Competition ,HD41 - Abstract
Contextualização: A legislação antitruste, como toda instituição, requer aperfeiçoamentos de tempos em tempos conforme acumula-se a experiência de sua aplicação, pontos fortes e fracos tornam-se evidentes. No Brasil a legislação passou por diversas reformas sendo a última a que levou à promulgação da Lei nº 12.529/2011. Desde o inicio da aplicacao da lei anterior (Lei nº 8.884/1994), percebia-se a necessidade de melhores instrumentos para o combate aos cartéis. Em 2000 dois instrumentos foram acrescentados à lei: busca e apreensão e acordos de leniência. A lei em vigor altera condições para a adoção desse segundo instrumento. Objetivo: O ponto que se procura explorar são as consequências não antecipadas da prioridade concedida ao programa de combate aos cartéis em detrimento de uma política mais atenta e severa, tanto preventiva como repressiva, ao abuso de posição dominante. Procura-se examinar à luz da teoria econômica em organização industrial mais recente, os efeitos de mudanças legais que ampliaram a possibilidade de recurso ao instrumento dos acordos de leniência para a organização manutenção ou desmantelamento dos cartéis. Metodologia: Elabora-se uma análise econômica do direito, a partir da compreensão das características da política de combate aos cartéis e do levantamento empírico dos casos em que houve condenação e uso dos instrumentos de acordos de leniência e colaboração. A análise da lógica econômica da colusão tal como esmiuçada pela moderna teoria da organização industrial é o pano de fundo para a verificação dos efeitos da aplicação da lei antitruste como incentivo para a dissuasão de decisões de formação e manutenção de cartéis. Resultados: O exame de acordos de leniência e TCC celebrados revela a recorrência do padrão em que há um núcleo duro de empresas dominantes no mercado e uma franja de empresas menores potencialmente à mercê de práticas de coerção e retaliação por parte das firmas dominantes. A oportunidade de leniência total ou parcial fortalece o monitoramento com ameaça de retaliação e gera incentivos adicionais para manutenção das práticas colusivas. Conclusão: A condução da política antitruste de combate aos cartéis no Brasil merece revisão para que o resultado de sucessivos acordos de leniência celebrados com firmas líderes – na coordenação de cartéis e no mercado – não venha a redundar em menor concorrência, estimulando a organização e perpetuação de cartéis. A análise econômica revela que o cálculo custo-benefício atual induz firmas lideres a denunciar carteis maduros em troca de imunidade total ou parcial. As empresas menores, colhidas na investigação disparada por sua denúncia, fragilizam-se financeiramente ou mesmo têm sua sobrevivência inviabilizada. A(s) firma(s) dominante(s), ao obterem imunidade antitruste aumentam de seu poder de mercado e enfraquecem a franja de firmas que tornava mais custosa e instável a manutenção da colusão.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. La biodiversidad y el desarrollo agropecuario en Colombia: propuesta para avanzar hacia una transformación desde la perspectiva del desarrollo sostenible
- Author
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Ángela María Penagos, María Angélica Parra, and Santiago Granados
- Subjects
incentivos ,pérdida de biodiversidad ,política agropecuaria ,servicios ecosistémicos ,sistemas socioecológicos agropecuarios ,Environmental law ,K3581-3598 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
El presente artículo busca proponer cómo las políticas e instrumentos de desarrollo agropecuario pueden evitar incentivar acciones que incidan en la pérdida de la biodiversidad en Colombia y, en cambio, contribuyan a la transición hacia una agricultura sostenible y resiliente ante los cambios ambientales globales. Para esto, se definió cuáles son los sistemas agropecuarios y las dinámicas de ocupación territoriales que podrían tener mayor relación con la degradación de los ecosistemas naturales a través del análisis de coberturas con información geoespacial; y, para los fenómenos de ocupación, con información predial del departamento del Caquetá, como caso de estudio. Estos datos fueron contrastados con una evaluación de los instrumentos de política agropecuaria y de tierras que desde su diseño, operación o arreglos de gobernanza pudiesen estar incentivando la pérdida de biodiversidad, ya sea por omisión de criterios de sostenibilidad, la promoción de prácticas que afecten la prestación de servicios ecológicos y/o que se vinculen de forma directa o indirecta con los sistemas productivos que se relacionan con la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria. A pesar de que no se puede comprobar una causalidad directa, se pudo identificar una lógica de cambio de uso de suelo que va de cultivos de ciclo corto a pastos para producción pecuaria y finaliza en vegetación secundaria (rastrojo) para el período analizado entre 2000 y 2018; una relación positiva entre los instrumentos de política financieros, los sistemas agropecuarios predominantes y la degradación del recurso hídrico; y un crecimiento predial en zonas de alta biodiversidad en el Caquetá. A partir de estos hallazgos, el artículo busca generar información soportada en un análisis crítico para brindar criterios que permitan implementar reformas en la política del desarrollo agropecuario desde la perspectiva del desarrollo sostenible.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. O combate à sonegação do ICMS à luz da economia comportamental e da regulação responsiva
- Author
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Maria Clara Cunha Farias
- Subjects
direito tributário ,regulação responsiva ,economia comportamental ,evasão fiscal ,incentivos ,Law - Abstract
Purpose – This article aims to analyze cases in which the Public Administration applied principles of behavioral economics and responsive regulation to policies that fight tax evasion. Methodology/approach/design – The article studies public policies designed to fight fraud that uses behavioral economics in the states of Pernambuco, São Paulo, and the Federal District based on incentives for the proper payment of taxes. These specific cases were chosen because they are the pioneers within Brazilian states and, consequently, more empirical data was gathered on them. To test responsive regulation in state programs against fiscal fraud, this article analyzes programs from the states of Espirito Santo and Sao Paulo. These two cases are the only ones that apply responsive regulation to the fight against ICMS fraud. Findings – Policies that use electronic invoices as a method of control rely upon behavioral economics and demonstrate positive results in increasing tax collection. In a similar manner, “Nos Conformes” (Sao Paulo) and the Fiscal Cooperation Project (ES) apply enforced self-regulation and were successful in increasing state revenue. Regulation that is not based purely on the criminalization of tax evasion is efficient because it is able to produce positive results without the need for large investments from the State. Practical implications – Responsive regulation and behavioral economics do not endorse the holding of the Supreme Court (RHC 163.334) because both theories are not purely based on harsh sanctions, such as criminalization of ICMS evasion. It is important to include other incentives when regulating taxpayers. Originality/value – This research analyses how behavioral economics and responsive regulation relate to one another when applied to the enforcement of Tax Law. The comparison between the two theories has never been done. Furthermore, the state policies that are analyzed demonstrate an unprecedented application of behavioral economics and responsive regulation.
- Published
- 2020
38. El acceso de las fundaciones al régimen fiscal privilegiado de las entidades no lucrativas: propuestas para su reforma
- Author
-
Esteban Palacios Ronda
- Subjects
Tercer Sector ,Tributación ,Administración ,Interés general ,Incentivos ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
La consecución de fines de interés general no es una tarea monopolizada por el Estado, sino que “se armoniza en una acción mutua estado-sociedad” (STC 18/1984) que precisa de un marco normativo adecuado, fiscalmente materializado en la Ley 49/2002 de Régimen fiscal de las entidades no lucrativas, la cual establece los requisitos para que, en particular, las fundaciones, puedan acceder al régimen fiscal privilegiado en ella contenido. Sin embargo, las deficiencias de técnica legislativa que presenta esta norma, la interpretación que de ella efectúa la DGT, -a través de un filtro de desconfianza hacia la sociedad civil- y su falta de acomodo, tras casi veinte años desde su promulgación, a la realidad de sus destinatarios, limitan la eficacia de dicha ley. A través del estudio de los citados requisitos, pondremos de relieve la traducción práctica que estas deficiencias tienen en la actuación de las fundaciones y, en aras de una futura reforma de la ley, apuntaremos soluciones encaminadas a su dinamización, buscando siempre un necesario equilibrio entre el estímulo al mecenazgo y el control del riesgo que supone un régimen tributario susceptible de ser utilizado con fines espurios.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. O efeito sobre o BTD da adoção das IFRS e do fim do regime tributário de transição (RTT) no Brasil.
- Author
-
Pereira da Cunha, Claudio Marcio and Bretas Barros, Pedro Paulo Furbino
- Abstract
O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a moderação de variáveis relacionadas com incentivos ao gerenciamento de resultados (endividamento, lucratividade e tamanho) no efeito da mudança de normas (contábil ou fiscal) sobre book-tax differences (BTD). O fim do Regime Tributário Transitório (RTT) permite avaliar a simetria entre o afastamento e a reaproximação das normas contábil e fiscal, ajudando a identificar o efeito moderador de características como tamanho, alavancagem e rentabilidade sobre o uso da discricionariedade permitido pelas International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). O estudo dos efeitos de mudanças nas normas contribui para o entendimento de como afetam a qualidade da informação contábil, particularmente quando observados movimentos simétricos de afastamento das normas contábil e fiscal, com a adoção das IFRS, e de reaproximação, com o fim do RTT. A análise realizada permite separar efeitos do distanciamento entre as normas fiscal e contábil, das inovações trazidas pelas IFRS. O entendimento do efeito da norma sobre a qualidade da informação contábil contribui para a qualidade do trabalho de analistas financeiros, das autoridades fiscais, e dos reguladores. São realizados estudos de eventos para avaliar o efeito da adoção das IFRS, bem como do fim do RTT, sobre BTD (proxy de gerenciamento de resultados), em seções transversais de empresas. São utilizadas variáveis explicativas relacionadas com incentivos para gerenciar resultados contábeis e tributários (endividamento, rentabilidade e tamanho), que poderiam explicar a ambiguidade dos resultados na literatura. O artigo mostra evidências de que endividamento e tamanho das empresas influem no efeito da adoção das IFRS, assim como do fim do RTT. Foi observada relação negativa de endividamento e tamanho com o impacto das mudanças de norma sobre diferenças entre resultados contábil e fiscal (BTD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. El acceso de las fundaciones al régimen fiscal privilegiado de las entidades no lucrativas: propuestas para su reforma.
- Author
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Palacios Ronda, Esteban
- Subjects
LAW reform ,NONPROFIT organizations ,TAX laws ,PATRONAGE ,SUSPICION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Estudios Cooperativos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Monitoreo, metas de producción e incentivos en empresas manufactureras y sus resultados de innovación.
- Author
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Higuera-Ojito, Víctor H., Cardona-Arbeláez, Diego A., and Lora-Guzmán, Harold S.
- Subjects
- *
CONTINGENCY tables , *LABOR incentives , *INNOVATION management , *HYPOTHESIS - Abstract
The present study aims to assess whether innovation results obtained by Colombian manufacturing companies are independent of their management practices. The sample consists of 7,529 manufacturing companies from the Ninth Survey of Development and Technological Innovation (EDIT IX, in Spanish). The variables examined are assessed by using seven questions addressing management-practices: two question on monitoring, one question on production goals, and four questions on incentives for managers and employees. Contingency tables are used for observed variable frequencies. Expected frequencies are obtained under the assumption of independence between variables. An independence test statistic is calculated. The results obtained reject the hypothesis that Colombian manufacturing companies' innovation results are independent of monitoring practices, production goals, and incentives. In conclusion, the results highlight the potential importance of such management practices for innovation results in Colombian manufacturing companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Incentivos, estrutura básica e comunidade de justificação: a crítica de Cohen a Rawls revisitada
- Author
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Leandro Martins Zanitelli
- Subjects
Rawls ,Cohen ,incentivos ,princípio da diferença ,estrutura básica ,comunidade de justificação ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
O artigo se ocupa de dois argumentos usados por Gerald Cohen em sua crítica à justiça dos incentivos que, segundo a interpretação mais comum, são admitidos pela concepção de justiça de John Rawls – em particular, pelo princípio da diferença. Um desses argumentos é o que Cohen antecipa em resposta à objeção da estrutura básica, a objeção de acordo com a qual a crítica aos incentivos esbarra no limite que o próprio Rawls impõe à aplicabilidade dos princípios da justiça como equidade. O outro argumento apela para o ideal de uma comunidade de justificação a fim de defender uma interpretação do princípio da diferença incompatível (ao menos na maioria dos casos) com incentivos. A tese do artigo é a de que ambos os argumentos falham; o primeiro, porque não há incongruência em postular que uma concepção de justiça se aplique a estruturas ou regras sociais não coercivas, mas não aos comportamentos individuais que constituem essas estruturas; o segundo, porque pressupõe uma concepção de justiça formalmente diferente da de Rawls.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Civil servants: tenure, incentives and democracy in the administrative state in Brazil and Latin America.
- Author
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Migueis Pereira, Anna Carolina
- Subjects
CIVIL service ,PUBLIC officers ,DEMOCRACY ,RULE of law ,MONETARY incentives - Abstract
Copyright of A&C - Administrative & Constitutional Law Review - Revista de Direito Administrativo e Constitucional is the property of A&C - Revista de Direito Administrativo & Constitucional (Instituto Bacellar) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Plant spacing assessment in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) agroforestry systems in the Colombian Pacific region.
- Author
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Pérez-Zuñiga, José Ives, Rojas-Molina, Jairo, and Zabala-Perilla, Andrés Felipe
- Subjects
PLANT spacing ,AGROFORESTRY ,CACAO beans ,AGRICULTURAL productivity - Abstract
Copyright of Agronomía Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Una visión económica del fenómeno de la corrupción en el Perú
- Author
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Enrico Marcel Huarag Guerrero
- Subjects
corrupción ,análisis económico del derecho ,elección pública ,ignorancia racional ,incentivos ,Law of nations ,KZ2-6785 ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
La corrupción es un fenómeno complejo que ha venido siendo afrontado solamente desde una perspectiva tradicional, ignorando los incentivos económicos involucrados en su mayor incidencia. El resultado de las medidas adoptadas ha sido bastante ineficiente en términos de reducción de la incidencia de actos de corrupción. El presente ensayo pretende abordar el problema desde una perspectiva económica, partiendo de los planteamientos de la Teoría de la Elección Pública y del Neoinstitucionalismo. En ese sentido, abordaremos la forma en que se alinean los incentivos económicos en la conducta de corruptos y corruptores, funcionarios, candidatos y votantes. Finalmente, se plantean algunas propuestas para reducir la incidencia de los actos de corrupción, tomando en consideración los planteamientos antes señalados.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Potencial de redução da exploração dos recursos hídricos locais pelo aproveitamento de água pluvial em residências no Distrito Federal
- Author
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Patrícia Silva Cáceres, Samyrian Reis Ramos, and Daniel Richard Sant'Ana
- Subjects
Aproveitamento de Água Pluvial em Residências ,Potencial de Redução da Exploração dos Recursos Hídricos ,Incentivos ,Architecture ,NA1-9428 ,Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology ,HT101-395 - Abstract
O Distrito Federal situa-se em uma área de vulnerabilidade hídrica. Recentemente enfrentou um período de racionamento em virtude da baixa disponibilidade observada nos mananciais de abastecimento público da região. Tal situação tem motivado a busca de novas fontes hídricas, sendo necessários mananciais cada vez mais distantes e uma crescente complexidade da infraestrutura hídrica para o atendimento destas demandas (gestão da oferta). Entretanto, novas abordagens (gestão da demanda) que priorizem ações de conservação, consumo eficiente e utilização de fontes alternativas de água em edificações devem ser requeridas como opção complementar, não única, à exploração de novos mananciais ou aumento da pressão sobre os já utilizados. Nesse sentido, este artigo busca avaliar o potencial de redução da exploração dos recursos hídricos locais pelo aproveitamento da água pluvial nas edificações, através da comparação do balanço hídrico do principal reservatório de abastecimento da região – Descoberto – no ano crítico de 2016, com outras simulações, considerando premissas pré-determinadas de implantação destes sistemas em larga escala nas edificações localizadas nas Regiões Administrativas abastecidas por esse reservatório. O resultado aponta a forte necessidade de incentivos fiscais e econômicos para que haja, de fato, o aumento da autonomia e da resiliência hídrica no DF pelo aproveitamento da água pluvial.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Certification of medical care in Mexico facilities: analysis of the incentives for its continuity
- Author
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Ángel Fernando Galván-García, José de Jesús Vértiz-Ramírez, Mario Salvador Sánchez-Domínguez, Alma Lucila Sauceda-Valenzuela, Celina Magally Rueda-Neria, and Ofelia Poblano-Verástegui
- Subjects
certificación ,acreditación ,instituciones de salud ,calidad de la atención de salud ,incentivos ,méxico ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Objective. To analyze the possible effect of certification models and healthcare organizations’ (HOs) participation incentives in the General Health Council certification process in the 1999-2017 period. Materials and methods. Official printed and online documents about HOs’ certification were collected. Information from instances related to the process was requested through transparency mechanisms. Health organizations’ participation in political-administrative periods between 1997-2017 was analyzed. Results. The annual average participation in the certification process during the 1999-2000 period was 259.5 HOs; during the 2013-2016 period, the average was 72.5. Public units’ participation in this process has been decreasing. In 2017, certified HO were
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Modelo para la identificación de perfiles motivacionales y aplicación de incentivos eficientes en el ámbito organizacional.
- Author
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Carminatti, Nicolás and Canga, Lucas
- Subjects
- *
SELF-determination theory , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *PERSONALITY , *EMPLOYEE motivation , *REWARD (Psychology) - Abstract
Based on the theory of personality BIS / BAS (Carver and White, 1994) and the motivational theory of Self-determination theory (Gagné and Deci, 2005), studied the relationship between both models in order to identify profiles that allow us to understand the characteristics and motivational needs of individuals. A sample of 232 individuals was taken from whom the complete BIS/BAS questionnaire, the complete questionnaire of the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015) was carried out and a series of incentives were investigated with the objective of having the most effective for each profile. The five proposed profiles allow us to understand how the motivation subtypes behave within the BIS/BAS personality model and how the most effective set of incentives for each profile is composed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
49. Soluciones de las comunidades autónomas de régimen general a algunas deficiencias de la Ley 49/2002 de Régimen fiscal de las entidades no lucrativas en el ámbito del mecenazgo cultural
- Author
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Esteban Palacios Ronda
- Subjects
Tercer Sector ,Fiscalidad ,Filantropía ,Incentivos ,Reforma ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
La vigente Ley 49/2002 de Régimen fiscal de las entidades no lucrativas y de los incentivos fiscales al mecenazgo nació con la voluntad declarada de establecer un conjunto de estímulos aplicables a la actividad de mecenazgo en general y al cultural en particular. Sin embargo, la aplicación práctica de este principio inspirador se revela en la actualidad como una mera proposición normativa. Por su parte, las comunidades autónomas de las Islas Baleares, Comunidad Valenciana y Castila-La Mancha han promulgado sendas leyes de incentivos fiscales al mecenazgo cultural que podrían resolver en el ámbito de sus competencias algunas dificultades de que adolece la norma estatal. Con estos antecedentes analizaremos el alcance efectivo de las medidas fiscales autonómicas en sede de la imposición sobre la renta y su conexión con el régimen fiscal general del mecenazgo lo que, tras detenernos en alguna de las deficiencias advertidas, nos permitirá apuntar algunas propuestas de reforma del régimen fiscal del mecenazgo, considerado en su conjunto, que permita romper la actual estanqueidad normativa.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. El índice sintético de la calidad educativa y su impacto en el aula de clase inmediata.
- Author
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Ramírez Angarita, Claudio and Ortiz Higuera, Nancy
- Subjects
EDUCATIONAL quality ,SHORT selling (Securities) ,SCHOOL environment ,ASSESSMENT of education - Abstract
Copyright of Amauta 'Todo lo Humano es Nuestro' is the property of Universidad del Atlantico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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