1. Infant Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections
- Author
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Santtu Heinonen, Silvia Oliva Rodriguez-Pastor, Asuncion Mejias, Octavio Ramilo, Rosa Rodríguez-Fernández, Alejandro Diaz, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, Children's Hospital, and HUS Children and Adolescents
- Subjects
YOUNG-CHILDREN ,Rhinovirus ,viruses ,Immunology ,Disease ,Adaptive Immunity ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Virus ,EARLY-LIFE ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS ,NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY ,NASAL SECRETIONS ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Asthma ,Innate immunity ,REDUCES HOSPITALIZATION ,Innate immune system ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,RSV ,Computational Biology ,Infant ,INTERFERON-GAMMA LEVELS ,Acquired immune system ,medicine.disease ,Immunity, Innate ,3. Good health ,HUMAN RHINOVIRUS ,030228 respiratory system ,Virus Diseases ,Bronchiolitis ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,DISEASE SEVERITY ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Viruses ,SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-INFECTION ,Adaptive immune response ,business - Abstract
Of all respiratory viruses that affect infants, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV) represent the leading pathogens causing acute disease (bronchiolitis) and are associated with the development of recurrent wheezing and asthma. The immune system in infants is still developing, and several factors contribute to their increased susceptibility to viral infections. These factors include differences in pathogen detection, weaker interferon responses, lack of immunologic memory toward the invading pathogen, and T-cell responses that are balanced to promote tolerance and restrain inflammation. These aspects are reviewed here with a focus on RSV and RV infections.
- Published
- 2019
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