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1. Integrazione di dati ambientali per monitorare lo stato di conservazione e il rischio di degrado dei beni culturali

Author: ISPRA Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale
Subjects: Monitoraggio ambientale, Beni culturali, conservazione, rischio, degrado, Archaeology, CC1-960
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. RETRACE-3D: centRal italy EarThquakes integRAted Crustal modEl. Rapporto finale

Author: Referenti delle attività per DPC, CNR, INGV, ISPRA Daniela Di Bucci 1., Davide Scrocca 2., Mauro Buttinelli 4., Chiara D'Ambrogi 5. Partecipanti 1. Pierluigi Cara, Sergio Castenetto, Roberta Giuliani, Ilaria Salvi 2. Sabina Bigi (associato, Univ. Sapienza Roma), Gian Paolo Cavinato, Michele Di Filippo (associato), Paolo Messina (associato), Lorenzo Petracchini 3. Raffaele Castaldo, Vincenzo De Novellis, Susi Pepe, Giuseppe Solaro, Pietro Tizzani 4. Marco Anzidei, Roberto Basili, Christian Bignami, Lorenzo Bonini (associato, Univ. Trieste), Pierfrancesco Burrato, Daniele Cheloni, Massimo Chiappini, Francesca Cinti, Pasquale De Gori, Paolo Marco De Martini, Roberto Devoti, Deborah Di Naccio, Maria Di Nezza, Emanuela Falcucci, Umberto Fracassi, Fabrizio Galadini, Stefano Gori, Luigi Improta, Vanja Kastelic, Francesco Maesano, Marco Marchetti, Maria Teresa Mariucci, Liliana Minelli, Paola Montone, Marco Moro, Daniela Pantosti, Alessandro Pignatelli, Vincenzo Sapia, Michele Saroli (associato, and Univ. Cassino), Andrea Tertulliani, Mara Tiberti, Roberto Vallone, Paola Vannoli, Fabio Villani 5. Roberto Bonomo, Stefano Calcaterra, Maria Pia Congi, Franco Capotorti, Pio Di Manna, Fernando Ferri, Piera Gambino, Maurizio Marino, Renato Ventura
Subjects: Central Apennines, 3D geological model, seismogenic faults, seismotectonics
Abstract: Una ricostruzione geologica tridimensionale dell'area colpita dal terremoto dell'Italia centrale Sono stati pubblicati online e resi fruibili liberamente a tutta la comunità scientifica i risultati del Progetto RETRACE-3D (centRal italy EarThquakes integRAted Crustal model), che ha investigato il volume crostale in cui si è generato il terremoto di Amatrice del 24 agosto 2016 e la successiva sequenza sismica; un'area di circa 2.500 km2, a cavallo tra Lazio, Abruzzo, Umbria e Marche, interessata da oltre 118.000 eventi sismici tra il 2016 e il 2019. Il modello geologico 3D e il Rapporto finale sono il prodotto della collaborazione di più di 60 ricercatori ed esperti del Dipartimento della Protezione Civile e degli istituti di ricerca CNR-IGAG, CNR-IREA, INGV e ISPRA-Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Centri di Competenza che operano nel Servizio Nazionale della Protezione Civile. Al Progetto hanno inoltre collaborato Eni e Total, soggetti privati anch'essi parte del Servizio Nazionale della Protezione Civile, che hanno reso disponibili dati di sottosuolo e know-how. Il modello geologico 3D consente di mettere in evidenza la distribuzione e la geometria, nonché la complessità delle relazioni reciproche, delle più rilevanti unità geologiche e delle faglie principali, comprese quelle sismogeniche, fino a una profondità superiore a 10 km, riconciliando gli elementi osservati in superficie con le strutture in profondità. Il Rapporto finale e il modello geologico 3D sono rilasciati con licenza CC-BY 4.0, garantendo la possibilità di essere liberamente utilizzati per studi alla scala regionale con il riconoscimento della corretta attribuzione. Download dei risultati (http://www.retrace3d.it/contenuti.html) RETRACE-3D Central Italy Geological Model (2021). doi: 10.13127/retrace-3d/geomod.2021 RETRACE-3D Working Group (2021). RETRACE-3D: centRal italy EarThquakes integRAted Crustal modEl. Rapporto finale. Eds. INGV, ISPRA, CNR-IGAG, DPC. Roma, pp. 100. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4604940
Published: 2021

3. RENDICONTI Online della Società Geologica Italiana

Author: A cura di:Matteo Berti (Bologna) Martina Casalini (Firenze) Andrea Cevasco (Genova) Francesca Cifelli (Roma TRE) Rosolino Cirrincione (Catania) Laura Medeghini (Roma - Sapienza) Matia Menichini (IGG-CNR) Marco Pantaloni (Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA) Michele Pipan (Trieste) Flavia Strani (Roma - Sapienza) Francesco Troiani (Roma - Sapienza) Gianluca Vignaroli (Bologna)
Subjects: not available
Abstract: The Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana is a journal of the Italian Geological Society. It is published every four months in December, April and August.
Published: 2021

4. CNR-INM PARTICIPATION IN ROUND-ROBIN CALIBRATION OF A WILDLIFE ACOUSTICS SM4M AUTONOMOUS ACOUSTIC RECORDER

Author: Fabrizio Borsani (ISPRA), Silvano Buogo, Ivan Farace (ISPRA trainee), Vittorio Giorgi, Salvatore Mauro, Marco Orrico, and Sergio Principe
Subjects: Autonomous underwater recorder, Calibration standards, Underwater acoustics, Hydrophone, Metrology
Abstract: This report describes the operations of a measurement campaign performed at INM Lake Nemi test site by INM personnel, with external participation of ISPRA personnel, within the EURAMET EMPIR 15RPT02 «UNAC-LOW» project activities. The campaign lasted from 28 January to 1 February 2019. Measurements were done on days 29, 30, and 31 January 2019. The objective was to participate in the round-robin calibration of a Wildlife Acoustics SM4M autonomous underwater acoustic recorder that was circulated among project partners. The calibration was done using the method of comparison with a calibrated reference hydrophone under free-field conditions.
Published: 2019

5. Pan-European hydrodynamic models and their ability to identify compound floods

Author: Paprotny, Dominik, Vousdoukas, Michalis I., Morales-Nápoles, Oswaldo, Jonkman, Sebastiaan N., Feyen, Luc, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, and European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, False positives and false negatives, Hindcast, Storm surge, Climate change, Reanalysis, 02 engineering and technology, Precipitation, 01 natural sciences, Natural hazard, ddc:551.48, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrogeology, Flood myth, Storm, River discharge, 020801 environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science
Abstract: The interaction between storm surges and inland run-off has been gaining increasing attention recently, as they have the potential to result in compound floods. In Europe, several flood events of this type have been recorded in the past century in Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy and UK. First projections of compound flood hazard under climate change have been made, but no study has so far analysed whether existing, independent climate and hydrodynamic models are able to reproduce the co-occurrence of storm surges, precipitation, river discharges or waves. Here, we investigate the dependence between the different drivers in different observational and modelled data set, utilizing gauge records and high-resolution outputs of climate reanalyses and hindcasts, hydrodynamic models of European coasts and rivers. The results show considerable regional differences in strength of the dependence in surge–precipitation and surge–discharge pairs. The models reproduce those dependencies, and the time lags between the flood drivers, rather well in north-western Europe, but less successfully in the southern part. Further, we identified several compound flood events in the reanalysis data. We were able to link most of those modelled events with historical reports of flood or storm losses. However, false positives and false negatives were also present in the reanalysis and several large compound floods were missed by the reanalysis. All in all, the study still shows that accurate representation of compound floods by independent models of each driver is possible, even if not yet achievable at every location., Seventh Framework Programme http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011102, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11400561
Published: 2020

6. PRODOTTO P4. 2 Valutazione di merito degli studi e consegna degli studi daparte dei soggetti affidatari Prot. CNR IGAG 0003124/2020

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli, Francesco Stigliano (Responsabili scientifici), Dario Albarello, Marco Amanti, Carlo Esposito, Floriana Pergalani, Paolo Tommasi, Coordinatori attività, and Monia Coltella, Paola Imprescia, Federica Polpetta (Segreteria tecnica di supporto) A cura del Gruppo di supporto ISPRA: dott. geol. Marco Amanti, dott. ing. Vittorio Chiessi, geol. Fernando Ferri, geol. Vincenzo Fiano, geol. Paolo Maria Guarino, geol. Cristina Muraro, geol. Luca Olivetta, geol. Marco Pantaloni, geol. Luca Maria Puzzilli, geol. Mauro Roma, geol Valerio Ruscito, geol. Alessandro Troccoli, geol. Valerio Vitale. A cura del Gruppo del supporto DST Sapienza Gruppo di lavoro DST-Sapienza - Prof. Carlo Esposito, Dott. Federico D'Alessandro A cura Gruppo di supporto POLIMI - UNISI DSFTA: Floriana Pergalani, Massimo Compagnoni, Dario Albarello, Enrico Paolucci
Subjects: microzonazione sismica, instabiltà, Terremoto centro italia
Abstract: Il presente documento "Valutazione di merito degli studi e consegna degli studi da parte dei so ggetti affidatari" costituisce il Prodotto P4.2 previsto al 4°SAL della Convenzione stipulata tra il Commissario straordinario del Governo per la ricostruzione sisma 2016 e l'Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (per il Centro per la Microzonazione Sismica e le sue applicazioni). Il primo momento di valutazione degli studi è avvenuto sulla consegna intermedia effettuata dai pro fessionisti incaricati, come stabilito dal disciplinare di incarico. Per tutti i Comuni previsti dall'Ordinanza 79 è stata prevista una consegna intermedia, tranne che per il Comune di Maltignano. In seguito ad una valutazione di merito di quanto realizzato dal professionista fino alla consegna intermedia, il Gruppo di supporto del CentroMS ha redatto il verbale "Consegna intermedia". Il "Verbale di Valutazione e Prescrizione per la consegna finale" è invece il documento che è stato inviato dal Gruppo di supporto del CentroMS al professionista prima della consegna finale ed è stato rilasciato in seguito ad una valutazione di merito di quanto realizzato dal professionista. Il verbale è composto da una premessa nella quale sono stati elencati i prodotti oggetto della valutazione, e da una sezione nella quale è stata effettuata la valutazione dello studio ed eventualmente sono state indicate le prescrizioni richieste prima della consegna. Il verbale si conclude con un giudizio di esito positivo alla consegna, parzialmente positivo con prescrizioni, oppure con esito negativo con parere non favorevole alla consegna dello studio nella sua forma attuale. In caso di presenza di prescrizioni è stato indicato anche il tempo per il recepimento delle prescrizioni e per la consegna dello studio per una nuova valutazione. Il documento è statoinviato al professionista incaricato dello studio, al tecnico del comune, al referente della struttura commissariale e al coordinatore del gruppo di supporto del CentroMS. Nel presente report sono riportati tutti i verbali inviati ai professionisti affidatari degli studi suddivisi per comune.
Published: 2020

7. PRODOTTO P4.1 Supporto agli affidatari per aggiornamento degli studi e produzione delle monografie Prot. CNR IGAG n° 0003124/2020

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli, Francesco Stigliano (Responsabili scientifici), Dario Albarello, Marco Amanti, Carlo Esposito, Floriana Pergalani, Paolo Tommasi (Coordinatori attività), and Monia Coltella, Paola Imprescia, Federica Polpetta (Segreteria tecnica di supporto). A cura del Gruppo di supporto ISPRA:dott. geol. Marco Amanti, dott. ing. Vittorio Chiessi, geol. Fernando Ferri, geol. Vincenzo Fiano, geol. Paolo Maria Guarino, geol. Cristina Muraro, geol. Luca Olivetta, geol. Marco Pantaloni, geol. Luca Maria Puzzilli, geol. Mauro Roma, geol Valerio Ruscito, geol. Alessandro Troccoli, geol. Valerio Vitale. A cura del Gruppo del supporto DST Sapienza - Prof. Carlo Esposito, Dott. Federico D'Alessandro A cura Gruppo di supporto POLIMI - UNISI DSFTA: Floriana Pergalani, Massimo Compagnoni, Dario Albarello, Enrico Paolucci
Subjects: Terremoto Centro Italia, Instablità, Microzonazione sismica
Abstract: Il presente documento "Supporto agli affidatari per aggiornamento degli studi e produzione delle monografie" costituisce il Prodotto P4.1 previsto al 4°SAL della Convenzione stipulata tra il Commissario straordinario del Governo per la ricostruzione sisma 2016 e l'Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (per il Centro per la Microzonazione Sismica e le sue applicazioni). L'attività di supporto a cura del CentroMS stata realizzata da personale appartenente a: Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria del CNR, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA); Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Roma "Sapienza"; Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale; Università degli Studi di Siena Dipartimento Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente. L'attività di supporto inizia con una prima riunione svoltasi a Rieti il 23 ottobre 2020, in quella sede è stato presentato agli affidatari il flusso di lavoro previsto, le metodologie da seguire, i prodotti da realizzare e le scadenze previste. Nei primi mesi di attività l'affiancamento ha riguardato principalmente l'approvazione del piano di indagini proposto dai professionisti e l'analisi dei risultati ottenuti dalle indagini. Le indagini sono state eseguite per la definizione del modello geologico relativo alla instabilità da approfondire. Nei giorni 11 e 12 febbraio 2020, presso la sede dell'Università di Camerino, sono stati realizzati una serie di incontri bilaterali tra i Gruppi di supporto ed i professionisti incaricati, al fine di condividere i risultati delle indagini e degli studi svolti fino a quel momento e fornire indicazione per la prosecuzione delle attività. Nel corso di tali incontri sono state inoltre fornite indicazioni sulle modalità di restituzione dei prodotti cartografici previsti negli studi di microzonazione sismica secondo gli Standard di rappresentazione cartografica e archiviazione informatica (Vers. 4.1). Sono state, inoltre, illustrate le funzionalità degli strumenti informatici (MzSTool) open source sviluppati dal CNR IGAG e messi a disposizione degli affidatari ai quali è stato fornito supporto durante tutta la fase di produzione della cartografia. La fase di affiancamento è proseguita con il trasferimento al professionista dei prodotti di analisi della risposta sismica locale e delle analisi di stabilità dei versanti in condizioni statiche, pseudo-statiche e dinamiche ed al loro recepimento nello studio. Durante tutta la fase di affiancamento sono stati trasferiti ai professionisti una serie di documenti tecnici al fine di realizzare i diversi studi in maniera omogenea, sia in fase di acquisizione dati, sia in fase di restituzione dei prodotti cartografici previsti. Il documento descrive l'attività di supporto svolta dal Gruppo di Supporto del CentroMS agli affidatari degli studi di approfondimento della microzonazione sismica di livello 3 nei comuni previsti dall'Ordinanza 79. Il documento è composto da tre sezioni: la prima a cura dell'Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA); la seconda a cura del Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Roma "Sapienza"; la terza a cura dell'Università degli Studi di Siena Dipartimento Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente.
Published: 2020

8. PRODOTTO P1.2Predisposizione dei disciplinari di incarico per i soggetti affidatari. Prot. CNR IGAG n° 0002545/2019 del 12/09/2019

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli, Francesco Stigliano, Dario Albarello (UNISI-DSFTA), Marco Amanti (ISPRA), Carlo Esposito (UNIROMA1-DST), and Floriana Pergalani (POLIMI- DICA)
Subjects: Terremoto Centro Italia, Instabilità
Abstract: Il presente documento "Predisposizione dei disciplinari di incarico per i soggetti affidatari" costituisce il Prodotto 1.2. previsto nell'ambito della convenzione stipulata tra il Commissario straordinario del Governo per la ricostruzione sisma 2016 e l'Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (per il Centro per la Microzonazione Sismica e le sue applicazioni). Nel documento sono presenti i disciplinari di incarico che i Comuni dovranno utilizzare per gli affidamenti ai professionisti in possesso dei requisiti previsti all'articolo 5 dell'Ordinanza del Commissario straordinario n. 79 registrata il 12 agosto 2019 al n. 1719. Nello specifico, sono stati individuati due casi. Il primo prevede l'aggiornamento dello studio di microzonazione sismica per tutta la sua estensione in seguito all'approfondimento sulle instabilità di versante individuate nell'Allegato 2 dell'Ordinanza n°79. Il secondo caso si applica al Comune di Maltignano che deve affidare l'incarico per l'aggiornamento dello studio di microzonazione sismica per tutta la sua estensione in seguitoall'approfondimento nell'area interessata dalla Zona di Attenzione (ZA) per cavità.
Published: 2019

9. PRODOTTO P1.2 - Predisposizione dei disciplinari di incarico per i professionisti e del materiale tecnico necessario per l'avvio e la realizzazione degli studi di microzonazione sismica. Prot. CNR IGAG 1695 del 31/05/2017

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli (CNR IGAG), Francesco Stigliano(CNR IGAG), Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza (Presidente del Comitato di Indirizzo del CentroMS, UNIROMA1-DST), Paolo Messina (Direttore del CNR IGAG), Iolanda Gaudiosi (CNR IGAG), Edoardo Peronace (CNR IGAG), Maria Chiara Caciolli (CNR IGAG), Carolina Fortunato (CNR IGAG), Sara Amoroso (INGV), Salomon Hailemikael (ENEA), Dario Albarello (UNISI-DSFTA), Marco Amanti (ISPRA), Stefano Catalano (UNICT-DISBGA), Vincenzo Di Fiore (CNR IAMC), Giuseppe Lanzo (UNIROMA1-DISG), Lucia Luzi (INGV), Salvatore Martino (UNIROMA1-DST), Alessandro Pagliaroli (UNICH-PE-INGEO), Floriana Pergalani (POLIMI-DICA), Enrico Priolo (OGS), Federica Polpetta (CNR IGAG), and Silvia Giallini (CNR IGAG).
Subjects: Terremoto Centro Italia, microzonazione sismica, modellazione numerica, pericolosità sismica
Abstract: Il documento "Predisposizione dei disciplinari di incarico per i professionisti e del materiale tecnico necessario per l'avvio e la realizzazione degli studi di microzonazione sismica" costituisce il Prodotto 1.2 previsto nell'ambito della convenzione stipulata tra il Commissario straordinario del Governo per la ricostruzione sisma 2016 e l'Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Nel documento sono presenti i disciplinari di incarico per gli studi di microzonazione sismica che i Comuni dovranno utilizzare per gli affidamenti degli studi ai professionisti in possesso dei requisiti previsti all'articolo 5 dell'Ordinanza del Commissario straordinario n. 24 registrata il 15/05/2017 al n. 1065.
Published: 2017

10. PRODOTTO P8.1Predisposizione del programma operativo. Prot. CNR IGAG n°0002018 del 16/06/2017

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli (CNR IGAG), Francesco Stigliano (CNR IGAG), Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza (Presidente del Comitato di Indirizzo del CentroMS, UNIROMA1-DST), Paolo Messina (Direttore del CNR IGAG), Iolanda Gaudiosi (CNR IGAG), Edoardo Peronace (CNR IGAG), Maria Chiara Caciolli (CNR IGAG), Carolina Fortunato (CNR IGAG), Sara Amoroso (INGV), Salomon Hailemikael (ENEA), Dario Albarello (UNISI-DSFTA), Marco Amanti (ISPRA), Stefano Catalano (UNICT-DISBGA), Vincenzo Di Fiore (CNR IAMC), Giuseppe Lanzo (UNIROMA1-DISG), Lucia Luzi (INGV), Salvatore Martino (UNIROMA1-DST), Alessandro Pagliaroli (UNICH-PE-INGEO), Floriana Pergalani (POLIMI-DICA), Enrico Priolo (OGS), Federica Polpetta (CNR IGAG), and Silvia Giallini (CNR IGAG).
Subjects: Terremoto Centro Italia, programma operativo di progetto, microzonazione sismica
Abstract: Il presente costituisce il prodotto relativo alle attività A.8: attività di "Coordinamento e gestione del progetto" previste dall'allegato B dell'allegato 2 dell'ordinanza n. 24 del 12 Maggio del 2017 e contiene la predisposizione del programma operativo (Prodotto P8.1). Esso rappresenta un importante passaggio del coordinamento delle attività da porre in essere, poiché dal programma operativo dipende la corretta applicazione di conoscenze, capacità, strumenti e tecniche che conducano a rispettare le scadenze prestabilite e fornire i prodotti previsti.Il documento si articola in due parti: una generale (par. 2 "Struttura del Progetto"), in cui vengono evidenziate le modalità di trasmissione del flusso di dati tra le parti attive del progetto e una seconda parte (par. 3 "Software di gestione e suo utilizzo"), in cui vengono delineate le principali funzionalità del software di gestione delle attività, specificatamente ideato e sviluppato per questo Progetto.
Published: 2017

11. Time series EOFs (map and analysis)

Author: E.Valentini, F.Filipponi, A.Nguyen Xuan (ISPRA), I.Dontas, N.Bogonikolos (ARATOS), I.Manakos, G.Kordelas, K.Marini, V.Kotsias, M.Papanastasiou (CERTH), J. Bustamante, R. Diaz-Delgado (CSIC), A.Karnieli, N.Ohana-Levi, A.Stein (BGU), and C.Tarantino, P.Blonda (CNR)
Subjects: Earth observation, temporal approaches, time series, spatio-temporal approaches, multitemporal analysis, gap-filling
Abstract: The present Deliverable, D4.5, illustrates the activity carried out, within Task 4.2 and Task 4.3, in the first 30 months of the project. It provides an overview of the algorithms adopted or developed to analyse time series of continuous environmental variables and demonstrate their applications for selected case study. The techniques collection contributes to the provision of products and tools for the assessment of ecosystem state and changes, which play a key role in ecosystem service assessment.
Published: 2017

12. REPORT R5.1 Analisi dei requisiti e realizzazione di una banca-dati compatibile con la struttura del DB nazionale di MS - Prot. CNR IGAG n°0002018 del 16/06/2017

Author: Massimiliano Moscatelli (CNR IGAG), Francesco Stigliano (CNR IGAG), Gianluca Carbone (CNR IGAG), Giuseppe Cosentino (CNR IGAG), Francesco Pennica (CNR IGAG), Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza (Presidente del Comitato di Indirizzo del CentroMS, UNIROMA1-DST), Paolo Messina (Direttore del CNR IGAG), Iolanda Gaudiosi (CNR IGAG), Edoardo Peronace (CNR IGAG), Maria Chiara Caciolli (CNR IGAG), Carolina Fortunato (CNR IGAG), Sara Amoroso (INGV), Salomon Hailemikael (ENEA), Dario Albarello (UNISI-DSFTA), Marco Amanti (ISPRA), Stefano Catalano (UNICT-DISBGA), Vincenzo Di Fiore (CNR IAMC), Giuseppe Lanzo (UNIROMA1-DISG), Lucia Luzi (INGV), Salvatore Martino (UNIROMA1-DST), Alessandro Pagliaroli (UNICH-PE-INGEO), Floriana Pergalani (POLIMI-DICA), Enrico Priolo (OGS), Federica Polpetta (CNR IGAG), and Silvia Giallini (CNR IGAG).
Subjects: Terremoto Centro Italia, microzonazione sismica, pericolosità sismica, database
Abstract: Il documento costituisce il primo prodotto relativo alle attività A.5: attività di "Sistema informatico" previste dall'allegato B dell'allegato 2 dell'ordinanza n. 24 del 12 Maggio del 2017 e contiene una analisi dei requisiti e realizzazione di una banca-dati compatibile con la struttura del DB nazionale di MS (Prodotto P5.1). Tale database mette a disposizione il complesso repertorio di dati geografici ed alfanumerici relativa alla Microzonazione Sismica.
Published: 2017

13. RISULTATI DEL CONFRONTO FRA INDICATORI DI BIODIVERSITÀ E STATO AMBIENTALE IN CAMPI BIOLOGICI E CONVENZIONALI

Author: P Bianco, S D'antoni, and V Bellucci -Ispra
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. EO Biophysical Parameters, Land Use and Habitats Extraction Modules

Author: Task 4.2: M. Tanase S. Mermoz, A. Bouvet, M. Le Toan (UPS), R. Lucas (UNSW), I. Manakos, G. Kordelas (CERTH), R. Sonnenschein, C. Notarnicola, M. Zebisch (EURAC), F. Rana, A. Balenzano, P. Blonda (CNR), A. Ramoelo, M. Cho, R, Mathieu (CSIR), C. Domingo, J. Masó (CREAF), A. Zabala (UAB), D. Poursanidis, N. Chrysoulakis (FORTH), D. Doctor, M. Lange (UFZ). Task 4.3: R. Lucas, A. Mitchel (UNSW), P. Blonda, V. Tomaselli, C. Tarantino (CNR), M. Dactu, C. Dumitru (DLR), E. Valentini, F. Filipponi (ISPRA), C. Pratola, E. Roldan, V. Navarro (STARLAB), C. Domingo, J. Masó (CREAF), A.Zabala (UAB), and M. Kelly, J. Williams (ESL).
Subjects: ecosystem mapping, habitat mapping, Earth Observation, biophysical parameters, Land Cover
Abstract: The present Deliverable, D4.2, illustrates the activity carried out, within Task 4.2 and Task 4.3, in the first 22 months of the project. It provides an overview of the algorithms used or developed to retrieve environmental variables (EVs) for the ECOPOTENTIAL PAs distributed across Europe, in Israel and South Africa and selected for study. For classification, the Earth Observation Data for Ecosystem Monitoring (EODESM) system stands out as it makes full use of and integrates all of the EVs retrieved for the different PAs in the classification of land This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 641762 cover (LC). Its development also considered the storylines described through ECOPOTENTIAL and outlined in Deliverable 2.2.
Published: 2017

15. SISMA 2016 - Relazione di sopralluogo per l'analisi del sito segnalato nel territorio del comune di Pescara del Tronto, AP, Località Pescara del Tronto, SS4

Author: Paola Salvati, Michele Santangelo (CNR IRPI), Roberto Graciotti, Marco Pantaloni, and Cristina Muraro (ISPRA)
Subjects: pescara del tronto, sisma, sopralluogo
Abstract: Provincia: Ascoli Piceno Comune: Arquata del Tronto Indirizzo/Località: Pescara del Tronto (AP), SS4 Coordinate geografiche (WGS 84 lon/lat in formato decimale): lon 13.272349° E | lat 42.750418° N
Published: 2016

16. New primary production in northwest European shelf seas, 1960–2003

Author: Heath, M.R., Beare, D.J., Scottish Government Marine Directorate (Funder), and Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (Funder)
Subjects: Salinity, Oceanography, Ecology, North Atlantic oscillation, f-ratio, Seawater, Regime shift, Pelagic zone, Aquatic Science, QA, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Food web, Trophic level
Abstract: Spatial and temporal patterns from 1960 to 2003 in annual potential new primary production (PNP) of the NW European shelf seas were derived from general additive models of nitrate concentrations and from data on riverine and atmospheric fluxes of oxidized nitrogen. Average PNP was highest in the seasonally stratified outer shelf regions (>70 gC m-2 yr-1), where the proportion of PNP accounted for by vertical fluxes from deep water (>65%) was correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. PNP was lowest in the central North Sea (~30 gC m-2 yr-1) and in the southern North Sea was correlated with river inputs that accounted for 24% of the annual total (average ~50 gC m-2 yr-1). Atmospheric deposition accounted for ~3% of annual PNP region-wide, but in the northern North Sea this was higher than the contribution from rivers. Tidal fronts are traditionally considered to be highly productive zones, but we find them to have characteristically low PNP and conclude that they must be loci of high recycled production. The results indicate an exceptional flux of nitrate-rich ocean water onto the shelf in the early 1990s, which resulted in a pulse of PNP coincident with a well-documented 'regime shift' in the pelagic food web. North Sea-wide, long-term average PNP was approximately equal to production by all higher trophic levels combined, though trophic propagation of inter-annual variations was weakly defined. Nevertheless, there is a case for proposing that harvesting in areas and periods of low PNP should be managed more conservatively to minimize the risk of detrimental effects on the food web.
Published: 2008

17. Capitolo 2 SPECIE FORESTALI; sottocapitolo 2.3 latifoglie

Author: Gianni BEDINI RIBES, Costantino BONOMI RIBES, Francesca BRETZEL CNR-ISE, Giuseppe BRUNDU Reg. Sardegna, Fulvio DUCCI CRA-SEL, Petra ENGEL CRA-FRU, Stefania ERCOLE ISPRA, Carlo FIDEGHELLI CRA-FRU, Valeria GIACANELLI ISPRA, Fabio GORIAN CFS, Maria GRAS CRA-PLF, Loretta GRATANI UniRM1, Paolo GROSSONI UniFI, Gaetano LAGHETTI CNR-IGV, Maurizio LAMBARDI, Maria Emilia MALVOLTI, Davide MARINO, Mauro G. MARIOTTI, Valeria NEGRI, Pietro PERRINO, Domenico PIGNONE CNRIGV, Beti PIOTTO, Graziano ROSSI, Cristina SALVIONI, Alberto SANTINI, Maria SPERANZA, and Angela STANISCI .
Abstract: Il Countdown 2010, prevedendo che tutti i governi, ad ogni livello, prendessero le misure necessarie per fermare la perdita di biodiversità entro tale data, doveva servire come promemoria della nostra responsabilità verso le generazioni future, prima che fosse troppo tardi. Tuttavia, nonostante gli impegni presi e i numerosi accordi internazionali, i Paesi del mondo intero sono arrivati all'appuntamento senza aver raggiunto i traguardi sperati. Allo stesso tempo, però, tanti sforzi sono stati e vengono tutt'ora profusi in questa direzione. La definizione di una Strategia Nazionale per la Biodiversità, come richiesto dalla Convenzione per la Diversità Biologica e dalla Strategia Europea per la Biodiversità, ha richiesto un percorso condiviso tra tutti i soggetti interessati. In quest'ottica ISPRA si è fatta promotrice di un'iniziativa di ricognizione relativa agli aspetti tecnico-scientifici della conservazione ex situ della biodiversità vegetale spontanea e coltivata in Italia, con l'obiettivo di fornire una visione dello stato dell'arte, di informare sulle criticità e di individuare le azioni più urgenti da compiere in questo campo. Pur nella consapevolezza che la vastità e la complessità dell'argomento meriteranno un successivo approfondimento, si è ritenuto importante poter dare un segnale concreto di adempimento agli impegni internazionali e di collaborazione attiva alla stesura della Strategia nazionale per la Biodiversità pubblicando le informazioni raccolte in questo manuale entro il 2010 e soprattutto seguendo rigorosamente i principi del Countdown 2010: base scientifica, trasparenza, sussidiarietà e autonomia. La base scientifica è stata fornita da 235 studiosi appartenenti a 80 università e altri enti di ricerca, che hanno collaborato gratuitamente e volontariamente con le loro esperienze per ottenere un documento fortemente condiviso e rappresentativo. La trasparenza è stata perseguita aprendo il lavoro a tutte le persone con conoscenze in materia e mettendo in rete i singoli contributi e il documento nelle varie fasi di avanzamento per la condivisione, la discussione e l'interazione. Il principio di sussidiarietà è stato rispettato con il coinvolgimento di singoli e gruppi che hanno partecipato al lavoro impegnando liberamente e gratuitamente la propria creatività, iniziativa e responsabilità. In ultimo l'autonomia: nessun condizionamento è stato posto ai singoli contributi, essi sono stati raccolti e condivisi nel pieno rispetto di tutte le esperienze scientifiche e professionali, e delle opinioni formulate nell'ambito delle tante tematiche trattate. Nella crescente preoccupazione per l'incessante processo di erosione della biodiversità vegetale dovuta a molteplici pressioni sull'ambiente e al diffondersi di tecniche colturali non conservative, accanto ai principi e ai metodi di conservazione in situ, auspichiamo che venga riconosciuto ed adeguatamente supportato il ruolo della conservazione ex situ e che questo manuale possa costituire un utile strumento per le decisioni in questo ambito.
Published: 2010

18. Proceedings of the workshop 'Qantitative Structure Activity Relationships for biodegradation' [September 1994, Belgirate, Italy]

Author: Peijnenburg WJGM, Karcher W, ECO, and European Chemicals Bureau, JRC-Ispra site, I-21020 Ispra (VA), Italy
Subjects: modelling, risk assessment, qsar, priority setting, biodegradation
Abstract: The main findings and recommendations are given of a workshop on "QSARs for HPV-Chemicals for predicting Biodegradation". The main finding of the workshop was that at first glance, biodegradation seems to lack order. Nevertheless, in literature several models for predicting the course of biodegradative pathways have been reported. A limited number of these models are suited for use in risk assessment or priority setting. It was concluded that there is a lack of reliable and consistent data that can be used to derive new predictive models for biodegradation. There still is insufficient knowledge of the basic processes that take place during biodegradation, and the influence of environmental conditions. This severely hinders the extrapolation of results obtained in the laboratory to realistic field conditions. In the near future the major advancements should be expected in the standardization and unification of biodegradation tests as well as biodegradation data. This will strongly facilitate the development of new models for environmentally relevant biodegradation end-points. It is recommended that in future work more attention should be paid to better understanding of the process modelled. One of the procedures would be to start at the basic level of biodegradation: modelling the biotransformation reactions at the enzymatic level, and subsequently follow a stepwise approach towards understanding of the same reactions at the microbial level in the 'real' environment.
Published: 2007

19. Phytoplankton productivity in Lake Lugano before water treatment

Author: Premazzi, G. and Ispra, Euratom
Published: 1980
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20. Micro-Foci Inducing Virus as a Potential Factor/Cofactor in the Aetiology of Childhood Leukaemia

Author: Rovigatti, Ugo, RENATO COLOGNATO AND ANDREA PICCIN, PISA MEDICAL SCHOOL, U. N. I. V., Pisa, It, Jrcihcp, Ispra, Va, Olch, It, and Crumlin, Dublin
Published: 2008

21. Influence of climatic, site and stand characteristics on some structural parameters of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests situated on degraded lands from east Romania

Author: Vlad, Radu, Constandache, Cristinel, Dinca, Lucian, Tudose, Nicu Constantin, Sidor, Cristian Gheorghe, Popovici, Laurenpiu, and Ispravnic, Alexandra
Published: 2019

22. PtxRu1−x/Ru(0001) surface alloys—formation and atom distribution.

Author: H. E. Hoster, A. Bergbreiter, P. M. Erne, T. Hager, H. RauscherPresent address: European Commission—Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy., and R. J. Behm
Abstract: The formation of PtRu surface alloys by deposition of submonolayer Pt films on a Ru(0001) substrate and subsequent annealing to about 1350 K and the distribution of the Pt atoms in the surface layer were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Quantitative statistical analysis reveals (i) negligible losses of Pt into subsurface regions up to coverages close below 1 monolayer, (ii) a homogeneous distribution of the Pt atoms over the surface, and (iii) the absence of a distinct long-range or short-range order in the surface layer. In addition, the density of specific adsorption ensembles is analyzed as a function of Pt surface content. Possible conclusions on the process for surface alloy formation are discussed. The results are compared with the properties of PtRu bulk alloys and the findings in previous adsorption studies on similar surface alloys (H. Rauscher, T. Hager, T. Diemant, H. Hoster, F. Bautier de Mongeot and R. J. Behm, Surf. Sci., 2007, 601, 4608; T. Diemant, H Rauscher and R. J. Behm, J. Phys. Chem. C, in press). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2008
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23. Phytoplankton productivity in Lake Lugano before water treatment

Author: G. Premazzi and Euratom Ispra
Subjects: Ecology, Ecology (disciplines), education, fungi, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, Aquatic Science, Productivity (ecology), Agronomy, Phytoplankton, Environmental science, Water treatment, Sewage treatment, health care economics and organizations, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Primary productivity, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: A study of phytoplankton primary productivity was carried out on Lake Lugano before the installation of sewage treatment plants.
Published: 1980

24. Photon transport in three-dimensional structures treated by random walk techniquesMonte Carlo benchmark of ocean colour simulations

Author: Doyle, J. P., Ispra, RiefRetired from the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in, Italy., and H.
Published: 1998
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25. Valutazioni ecotossicologiche: analisi del rischio ambientale

Author: La Ricerca Ambientale, Ispra –. Istituto Superiore Per La Protezione E., Avidano, Lorena, Bona, Elisa, Copetta, Andrea, Elisa GAMALERO, Massa, Nadia, Todeschini, Valeria, Bo, Tiziano, Stefano Fenoglio, Boatti, Lara Maddalena, Capri, Flavia Giusy, Dagnino, Alessandro, Francesco Dondero, Negri, Alessandro, Oliveri, Caterina, Oliveri, L., Saggese, Ilenia, Susanna Sforzini, Vigani, Donata, Berta, Graziella, Giorgio Malacarne, and Aldo Viarengo

26. Uncertainties in the adaptation of alpine pastures to climate change based on remote sensing products and modelling

Author: L. Brilli, R. Martin, G. Argenti, M. Bassignana, M. Bindi, R. Bonet, P. Choler, E. Cremonese, M. Della Vedova, C. Dibari, G. Filippa, M. Galvagno, L. Leolini, M. Moriondo, A. Piccot, L. Stendardi, S. Targetti, G. Bellocchi, Institute for BioEconomy [Sesto Fiorentino] (IBE | CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Institut Agricole Régional, Partenaires INRAE, Parc national des Ecrins, Laboratoire Environnement de Conception & Architecture (LECA), Université Paris-Saclay-Département Systèmes et Circuits Intégrés Numériques (DSCIN), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Climate Change Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, and The present work was produced under the co-finance of the EC LIFE programme for the Environment and Climate Action (2014–2020) in the framework of the Project LIFE PASTORALP ‘Pastures vulnerability and adaptation strategies to climate change impacts in the Alps’ (LIFE16/CCA/IT/000060).
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Alpine pastures, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Climate change adaptation, General Medicine, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Remote sensing, Waste Management and Disposal, Modelling
Abstract: International audience; Over the last century, the management of pastoral systems has undergone major changes to meet the livelihood needs of alpine communities. Faced with the changes induced by recent global warming, the ecological status of many pastoral systems has seriously deteriorated in the western alpine region. We assessed changes in pasture dynamics by integrating information from remote-sensing products and two process-based models, i.e. the grassland-specific, biogeochemical growth model PaSim and the generic crop-growth model DayCent. Meteo-rological observations and satellite-derived Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) trajectories of three pasture macro-types (high, medium and low productivity classes) in two study areas -Parc National des ' Ecrins (PNE) in France and Parco Nazionale Gran Paradiso (PNGP) in Italy -were used as a basis for the model cali-bration work. The performance of the models was satisfactory in reproducing pasture production dynamics (R2 = 0.52 to 0.83). Projected changes in alpine pastures due to climate-change impacts and adaptation strategies indicate that: i) the length of the growing season is expected to increase between 15 and 40 days, resulting in changes in the timing and amount of biomass production, ii) summer water stress could limit pasture produc-tivity; iii) earlier onset of grazing could enhance pasture productivity; iv) higher livestock densities could in-crease the rate of biomass regrowth, but major uncertainties in modelling processes need to be considered; and v) the carbon sequestration potential of pastures could decrease under limited water availability and warming.
Published: 2023

27. Toward a common approach for assessing the conservation status of marine turtle species within the European marine strategy framework directive

Author: Fanny Girard, Alexandre Girard, Jonathan Monsinjon, Antonella Arcangeli, Eduardo Belda, Luis Cardona, Paolo Casale, Sidonie Catteau, Léa David, Florence Dell’Amico, Delphine Gambaiani, Marc Girondot, Imed Jribi, Giancarlo Lauriano, Paolo Luschi, David March, Antonios D. Mazaris, Claude Miaud, Andreas Palialexis, Jacques Sacchi, Ricardo Sagarminaga, Paola Tepsich, Jesús Tomás, Frederic Vandeperre, Françoise Claro, Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Institut EcoOcean, Partenaires INRAE, Aquarium La Rochelle, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Société Herpétologique de France (SHF), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, ZOOLOGIA, Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Ocean Engineering, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 14.- Conservar y utilizar de forma sostenible los océanos, mares y recursos marinos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible, Good environmental status, Mediterranean Sea, Indicators, MSFD, Sea turtles, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: [EN] Environmental policies, including the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), generally rely on the measurement of indicators to assess the good environmental status (GES) and ensure the protection of marine ecosystems. However, depending on available scientific knowledge and monitoring programs in place, quantitative GES assessments are not always feasible. This is specifically the case for marine turtle species, which are listed under the Biodiversity Descriptor of the MSFD. Relying on an expert consultation, the goal of this study was to develop indicators and a common assessment approach to be employed by European Union Member States to evaluate the status of marine turtle populations in the frame of the MSFD. A dedicated international expert group was created to explore and test potential assessment approaches, in coherence with other environmental policies (i.e. Habitats Directive, OSPAR and Barcelona Conventions). Following a series of workshops, the group provided recommendations for the GES assessment of marine turtles. In particular, indicators and assessment methods were defined, setting a solid basis for future MSFD assessments. Although knowledge gaps remain, data requirements identified in this study will guide future data collection initiatives and inform monitoring programs implemented by EU Member States. Overall this study highlights the value of international collaboration for the conservation of vulnerable species, such as marine turtles., This study was funded by the French Ministry of Environment (MTES-MNHN Conventions n degrees 2102636187 (2019) and n degrees 2102994526 (2020)). DM acknowledges support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement n degrees 794938. The work of ADM was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the "First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant" (Project Number: 2340). FV was supported by the Investigator Programme of the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT, CEECIND/03469/2017, CEECIND/03426/2020).
Published: 2022

28. Méthodes de suivi et d'évaluation de l'état hydromorphologique des lacs - Enquête européenne

Author: Argillier, Christine, Carriere, Alexandra, Poikane, Sandra, van de Bund, Wouter, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), JRC Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen [Ispra] (IPSC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Water Resources Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), and European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)
Subjects: méthodes, lake processes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, stressors, WFD, DCE, ECOSTAT, hydrology morphology
Abstract: EUR 31029 EN This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission's science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.; International audience; The assessment of lake status in Europe has evolved during the last few decades from physico-chemical focused assessment to a more comprehensive ecological approach. The EC Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires the assessment of hydromorphological and physico-chemical conditions of lakes considered as supporting elements of the biological communities. The WFD describes the hydromorphology of lakes using quality elements belonging to the hydrological regime on the one hand and to morphological conditions on the other hand. A lake can achieve good ecological status only if the aforementioned quality elements correspond to natural conditions or deviate from them very slightly. Therefore, hydromorphological assessment is crucial for ecological status assessment. During summer 2020, an inventory of the HYMO assessment and monitoring methods currently implemented or under development in the different European countries for WFD implementation was conducted. This study summarises key information reported through the aforementioned inventory in order to get a comprehensive overview of the hydromorphological methods at the present time and to contribute to more common understanding of how hydromorphological conditions are defined and hydromorphological changes are characterised in different national contexts in Europe. The high response rate of the European survey makes it possible to provide a comprehensive overview of lake hydromorphological assessment and monitoring methods implemented or under development in the different European countries.Currently, 33 methods are applied or in development in 20 countries, 20 are currently assessment methods, 10 are monitoring methods and 3 methods will be replace by new protocols. This report gives also a basis to carry out future relevant good practices suitable with standards such as the water quality guidance standard on assessing the hydromorphological features of lakes – EN 16039:2011 and the water quality guidance standard on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphology – EN 16870:2017. Hydrological characteristics are relatively well taken into account by the different countries except the residence time although its evaluation is recommended in the EN 16039:2011 standard. Surface-groundwater interactions and stratification/mixing are also poorly taken into account in the different countries even though the interactions between surface water and groundwater are characterised in a majority of countries but not used to assess lake conditions. Morphological characteristics are also relatively well taken into account by the different countries, in particular lake depth variation, shape of the littoral zone and shore zone aquatic vegetation. Nevertheless, the planform pattern, substrate and aquatic vegetation in the open water are still poorly used to evaluate lake conditions although their evaluation is recommended in the EN 16039:2011 standard. All of the 20 current assessment methods use a scoring system which are mostly quantitative although the degree of confidence is still poorly included in the methods. However, the scoring system and the way in which class thresholds are defined remain to be specified by the different countries.Finally, two main hurdles remain; a methodological hurdle with the determination of reference conditions which is not clearly defined for many countries although this is essential when assessing lake conditions and a scientific hurdle with regard to the link with biology of the different hydromorphological assessment methods. In order to improve best practices and write recommendations further information is needed on how reference conditions and classification are undertaken at Member State level for assessing lake hydromorphology.
Published: 2022

29. Induction of Innate Memory in Human Monocytes Exposed to Mixtures of Bacterial Agents and Nanoparticles

Author: Giacomo Della Camera, Tinghao Liu, Wenjie Yang, Yang Li, Victor F. Puntes, Sabrina Gioria, Paola Italiani, Diana Boraschi, European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institut Català de la Salut, [Della Camera G] Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy. [Liu T, Yang W, Li Y] Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China. China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (CNR, SIAT, SZN), SIAT, CAS, Shenzhen, China. [Puntes VF] Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain. [Gioria S] European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy. [Italiani P] Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Napoli, Italy. China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (CNR, SIAT, SZN), IBBC, CNR, Napoli, Italy. [Boraschi D] Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy. Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China. China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (CNR, SIAT, SZN), SIAT, CAS, Shenzhen, China. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Napoli, Italy. China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation (CNR, SIAT, SZN), IBBC, CNR, Napoli, Italy, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
Subjects: Innate immunity, Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::Manufactured Materials::Nanostructures::Nanoparticles [TECHNOLOGY, INDUSTRY, AND AGRICULTURE], LPS, Nanopartícules, Innate memory, Bacteria, fenómenos del sistema inmunitario::inmunidad::inmunidad innata [FENÓMENOS Y PROCESOS], Macrophages, Organic Chemistry, tecnología, industria y agricultura::productos manufacturados::nanoestructuras::nanopartículas [TECNOLOGÍA, INDUSTRIA Y AGRICULTURA], General Medicine, Immune System Phenomena::Immunity::Immunity, Innate [PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES], Monocytes, Catalysis, Computer Science Applications, Inorganic Chemistry, Immunitat natural, innate immunity, innate memory, nanoparticles, bacteria, monocytes, macrophages, Nanoparticles, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy
Abstract: We assessed whether concomitant exposure of human monocytes to bacterial agents and different engineered nanoparticles can affect the induction of protective innate memory, an immune mechanism that affords better resistance to diverse threatening challenges. Monocytes were exposed in vitro to nanoparticles of different chemical nature, shape and size either alone or admixed with LPS, and cell activation was assessed in terms of production of inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-1Ra). After return to baseline conditions, cells were re-challenged with LPS and their secondary “memory” response measured. Results show that nanoparticles alone are essentially unable to generate memory, while LPS induced a tolerance memory response (less inflammatory cytokines, equal or increased anti-inflammatory cytokines). LPS-induced tolerance was not significantly affected by the presence of nanoparticles during the memory generation phase, although with substantial donor-to-donor variability. This suggests that, despite the overall lack of significant effects on LPS-induced innate memory, nanoparticles may have donor-specific effects. Thus, future nanosafety assessment and nanotherapeutic strategies will need a personalized approach in order to ensure both the safety and efficacy of nano medical compounds for individual patients., This work was supported by the EU Commission H2020 projects PANDORA (GA671881) and ENDONANO (GA 812661) (PI, DB), the Italian MIUR InterOmics Flagship projects MEMORAT and MAME (DB, PI), and the Presidential International Fellowship Program (PIFI) of the Chinese Academy of Science (2020VBA0028) (DB). Part of this work was carried out in the context of the JRC Visiting Scientist agreement no. 05/JRC.F.2/2019 (Directorate F—Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety, Nanobiotechnology Lab).
Published: 2022

30. Prevention of Neural Tube Defects in Europe

Author: Eva Bermejo-Sánchez, Paula Braz, Laia Barrachina-Bonet, Hermien E. K. de Walle, Ingeborg Barisic, Sonja Kiuru-Kuhlefelt, Martin Haeusler, Nathalie Lelong, Anke Rissmann, Clara Cavero-Carbonell, Sarah Stevens, Florence Rouget, Mary O'Mahony, Babak Khoshnood, Wladimir Wertelecki, Anna Pierini, Kari Klungsøyr, Elly Den Hond, Antonin Sipek, Elisa Ballardini, Joan K. Morris, Ester Garne, David Tucker, Elizabeth S Limb, Gerardine Sayers, Miriam Gatt, Judith Rankin, Diana Wellesley, Agnieszka Kinsner-Ovaskainen, Christine Verellen-Dumoulin, Anna Latos-Bielenska, Marie-Claude Addor, Isabelle Perthus, St George's, University of London, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), University of Zagreb, Biomedical Research Institute [Valencia, Spain] (INCLIVA ), Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Provincial Institute of Hygiene [Antwerp, Belgium] (PIH), Lillebaelt Hospital [Kolding, Denmark] (LH), Directorate for Health Information and Research [Pietà, Malta] (DHIR), Medical University Graz, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Commission Joint Research Centre [Ispra, Italy] (ECJRC), Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki, Finland] (FIHW), University of Bergen (UiB), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), St. Finbarr's Hospital [Cork, Ireland] (StFH), CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Health Intelligence Ltd., Medicine Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Public Health England [London], Singleton Hospital, Centre de Génétique Humaine [Charleroi, Belgium] (Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique), Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Charleroi, University of Groningen [Groningen], Princess Anne Hospital [Southampton, UK] (PAH), University of Southampton, OMNI-Net Ukraine Programs [Rivne, Ukraine], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg = Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), HAL UR1, Admin, and Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congénitas, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pediatrics, European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies, 0302 clinical medicine, Economica, prevention, EUROCAT, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Original Research, media_common, education.field_of_study, LS7_9, Neural tube defect, Obstetrics, Neural Tube Defects (NTD), [SDV.BDD.EO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Observação em Saúde e Vigilância, 3. Good health, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, folic acid, fortification, neural tube defects, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Fortification, Socio-culturale, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, RJ1-570, 03 medical and health sciences, Folic Acid, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, education, Pregnancy, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Portugal, business.industry, Public health, RENAC, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Neural tube, medicine.disease, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Folic acid, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Objective: Thirty years ago it was demonstrated that folic acid taken before pregnancy and in early pregnancy reduced the risk of a neural tube defect (NTD). Despite Public Health Initiatives across Europe recommending that women take 0.4 mg folic acid before becoming pregnant and during the first trimester, the prevalence of NTD pregnancies has not materially decreased in the EU since 1998, in contrast to the dramatic fall observed in the USA. This study aimed to estimate the number of NTD pregnancies that would have been prevented if flour had been fortified with folic acid in Europe from 1998 as it had been in the USA.Design and Setting: The number of NTD pregnancies from 1998 to 2017 that would have been prevented if folic acid fortification had been implemented in the 28 countries who were members of the European Union in 2019 was predicted was predicted using data on NTD prevalence from 35 EUROCAT congenital anomaly registries and literature searches for population serum folate levels and folic acid supplementation.Results: From 1998 to 2017 an estimated 95,213 NTD pregnancies occurred amongst 104 million births in the 28 countries in the EU, a prevalence of 0.92 per 1,000 births. The median serum folate level in Europe over this time period was estimated to be 14.1 μg/L. There is a lack of information about women taking folic acid supplements before becoming pregnant and during the first trimester of pregnancy, with one meta-analysis indicating that around 25% of women did so. An estimated 14,600 NTD pregnancies may have been prevented if the European countries had implemented fortification at the level adopted by the USA in 1998 and 25% of women took folic acid supplements. An estimated 19,500 NTD pregnancies would have been prevented if no women took folic acid supplements.Conclusions: This study suggests that failure to implement mandatory folic acid fortification in the 28 European countries has caused, and continues to cause, neural tube defects to occur in almost 1,000 pregnancies every year.
Published: 2021

31. Floating macrolitter leaked from Europe into the ocean

Author: Roberto Crosti, Nuno Ratola, Andrés Cózar, Grzegorz Siedlewicz, Oksana Savenko, Mel Constant, Filipa Bessa, Elisa Rojo-Nieto, Rigers Bakiu, María del Carmen Cabrera, Ahmet E. Kideys, Júlia Rigueira, Antoine Bruge, Javier Castro-Jiménez, Daniel González-Fernández, Nino Machitadze, Carmen Morales-Caselles, Myrto Tourgeli, Josué Viejo, Maria Pogojeva, Giuseppe Suaria, Rosanna I. Schöneich-Argent, Damià Barceló, Joana Pereira de Brito, Yuri Galletti, Georg Hanke, European Commission, Barceló, Damià [0000-0002-8873-0491], Barceló, Damià, Universidad de Cádiz (UCA), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Agricultural University of Tirana, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Surfrider Foundation Europe, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council [Italy] (CNR), Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Tbilisi State University, The State Oceanographic Institute, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), University of Cadiz, University of Oldenburg, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences (IO-PAN), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), and University of the Aegean
Subjects: Microplastics, Marine litter, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Drainage basin, STREAMS, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Environmental impact, plastic pollution, Environmental protection, Ocean pollution, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, rivers, 6. Clean water, Urban Studies, Waste generation, Environmental sciences, Ocean sciences, Sustainability, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Litter, Environmental science, Hydrology, europe, Food Science
Abstract: Riverine systems act as converging pathways for discarded litter within drainage basins, becoming key elements in gauging the transfer of mismanaged waste into the ocean. However, riverine litter data are scarce and biased towards microplastics, generally lacking information about larger items. Based on the first ever database of riverine floating macrolitter across Europe, we have estimated that between 307 and 925 million litter items are released annually from Europe into the ocean. The plastic fraction represented 82% of the observed litter, mainly fragments and single-use items (that is, bottles, packaging and bags). Our modelled estimates show that a major portion of the total litter loading is routed through small-sized drainage basins (, We acknowledge the additional members (coordinators and observers) of RiLON, listed in Supplementary Data 5, for their support in the field data collection and feedback during the data quality control. D.G.-F. was supported by the JRC institutional exploratory project RIMMEL (272346), PLASTREND (BBVA Foundation) and the European Union (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018 846843 - LitRivus). J.V. and C.M.-C. were supported by the MIDaS project (Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, CTM2016-77106-R, AEI/FEDER/UE).
Published: 2021

32. Reconciling the Carbon Balance of Northern Sweden Through Integration of Observations and Modelling

Author: Anne Klosterhalfen, Anusha Sathyanadh, Christoph Gerbig, Matthias Peichl, Wouter Peters, Vladislav Bastrikov, Zhendong Wu, Hjalmar Laudon, Guillaume Monteil, Marko Scholze, Mats Nilsson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Commission, EC, Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas, National Science Council, NSC: 2018‐05973, Vetenskapsrådet, VR, Kempestiftelserna: 942‐2015‐49, JCK‐1815, The first author, Anusha Sathyanadh, acknowledges a Postdoctoral Scholarship funded by the Kempe Foundations (grant no: JCK-1815). A grant (no. 942-2015-49) from the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS) funded the tall tower eddy covariance measurements at Svartberget. Financial support from the Swedish Research Council and research institutes contributing to the Swedish Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS-Sweden) and Research Infrastructure from the Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES) is also acknowledged. Marko Scholze and Guillaume Monteil acknowledge support from the three Swedish strategic research areas ModElling the Regional and Global earth system (MERGE), the e-science collaboration (eSSENCE), and Biodiversity and Ecosystems in a Changing Climate (BECC). The computations were enabled with resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at NSC partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no. 2018-05973. We thank Greet Janssens-Meanhout (European Commission, Joint Research Center, 790 Ispra, Italy) for providing the fuel type and category specific version of the EDGAR v4.3 anthropogenic emission data and Hugo Denier van der Gon (TNO, The Netherlands) for making the temporal emission profiles available. We also thank the PIs of the atmospheric stations at ICOS Svartberget, Norunda, Hyltemossa, Puijo, Pallas, and Hyytiala (SE-SVB, SE-NOR, SE-HTM, FI-PUI, FI-PAL, and FI-SMR) for providing data on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The authors thank the staff at the SLU Unit for Field-Based Forest Research for technical and logistic support at the Svartberget station., The first author, Anusha Sathyanadh, acknowledges a Postdoctoral Scholarship funded by the Kempe Foundations (grant no: JCK‐1815). A grant (no. 942‐2015‐49) from the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS) funded the tall tower eddy covariance measurements at Svartberget. Financial support from the Swedish Research Council and research institutes contributing to the Swedish Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS‐Sweden) and Research Infrastructure from the Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES) is also acknowledged. Marko Scholze and Guillaume Monteil acknowledge support from the three Swedish strategic research areas ModElling the Regional and Global earth system (MERGE), the e‐science collaboration (eSSENCE), and Biodiversity and Ecosystems in a Changing Climate (BECC). The computations were enabled with resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at NSC partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no. 2018‐05973. We thank Greet Janssens‐Meanhout (European Commission, Joint Research Center, 790 Ispra, Italy) for providing the fuel type and category specific version of the EDGAR v4.3 anthropogenic emission data and Hugo Denier van der Gon (TNO, The Netherlands) for making the temporal emission profiles available. We also thank the PIs of the atmospheric stations at ICOS Svartberget, Norunda, Hyltemossa, Puijo, Pallas, and Hyytiala (SE‐SVB, SE‐NOR, SE‐HTM, FI‐PUI, FI‐PAL, and FI‐SMR) for providing data on atmospheric CO concentrations. The authors thank the staff at the SLU Unit for Field‐Based Forest Research for technical and logistic support at the Svartberget station. 2, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Meteorology and Air Quality Department [Wageningen] (MAQ)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, net ecosystem exchange, chemistry.chemical_element, Luchtkwaliteit, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Air Quality, vegetation model, Environmental protection, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, WIMEK, boreal biome, 15. Life on land, FLEXPART, Geophysics, Balance (accounting), atmospheric transport model, chemistry, tall tower eddy covariance, Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Net ecosystem exchange, Environmental science, Carbon
Abstract: International audience; The boreal biome plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. However, current estimates of its sink-source strength and responses to changes in climate are primarily derived from models and thus remain uncertain. A major challenge is the validation of these models at a regional scale since empirical flux estimates are typically confined to ecosystem or continental scales. The Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)-Svartberget atmospheric station (SVB) provides observations including tall tower eddy covariance (EC) and atmospheric concentration measurements that can contribute to such validation in Northern Sweden. Thus, the overall aim of this study was to quantify the carbon balance in Northern Sweden region by integrating land-atmosphere fluxes and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. There were three specific objectives. First, to compare flux estimates from four models (VPRM, LPJ-GUESS, ORCHIDEE, and SiBCASA) to tall tower EC measurements at SVB during the years 2016–2018. Second to assess the fluxes' impact on atmospheric CO2 concentrations using a regional transport model. Third, to assess the impact of the drought in 2018. The comparison of estimated concentrations with ICOS observations helped the evaluation of the models' regional scale performance. Both the simulations and observations indicate there were similar reductions in the net CO2 uptake during drought. All the models (except for SiBCASA) and observations indicated the region was a net carbon sink during the 3-year study period. Our study highlights a need to improve vegetation models through comparisons with empirical data and demonstrate the ICOS network's potential utility for constraining CO2 fluxes in the region.
Published: 2021

33. Past and Future Grand Challenges in Marine Ecosystem Ecology

Author: Angel Borja, Jesper H. Andersen, Christos D. Arvanitidis, Alberto Basset, Lene Buhl-Mortensen, Susana Carvalho, Katherine A. Dafforn, Michelle J. Devlin, Elva G. Escobar-Briones, Christian Grenz, Tilmann Harder, Stelios Katsanevakis, Dongyan Liu, Anna Metaxas, Xosé Anxelu G. Morán, Alice Newton, Chiara Piroddi, Xavier Pochon, Ana M. Queirós, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Cosimo Solidoro, Michael A. St. John, Heliana Teixeira, AZTI - Tecnalia, Institute of Food and Resource Economics [Copenhagen] (IFRO), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), University of Salento [Lecce], Institute of Marine Research [Bergen] (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Macquarie University, C2O Consulting, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), University of Bremen, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), Dalhousie University [Halifax], Medio Marino, IEO Gijón-Xixón, Centre for Marine and Environmental Research [Faro] (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Water Resources Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Cawthron Institute, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), CESAM (UIDB/50017/2020+UIDP/50017/2020), Borja, A., Andersen, J. H., Arvanitidis, C. D., Basset, A., Buhl-Mortensen, L., Carvalho, S., Dafforn, K. A., Devlin, M. J., Escobar-Briones, E. G., Grenz, C., Harder, T., Katsanevakis, S., Liu, D., Metaxas, A., Moran, X. A. G., Newton, A., Piroddi, C., Pochon, X., Queiros, A. M., Snelgrove, P. V. R., Solidoro, C., S, t. John M. A., Teixeira, H., University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), and Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology (disciplines), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Ocean Engineering, ecosystem health assessment, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, ecosystem-based management, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Political science, Marine ecosystem, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, global change, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Grand Challenges, biodiversity, Sustainable development, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Ecosystem health, Scope (project management), human pressures, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental ethics, 15. Life on land, Ecosystem-based management, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ecosystem service, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ecosystem functioning, conservation and protection, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ecosystem services
Abstract: Frontiers in Marine Science launched the Marine Ecosystems Ecology (FMARS-MEE) section in 2014, with a paper that identified eight grand challenges for the discipline (Borja, 2014). Since then, this section has published a total of 370 papers, including 336 addressing aspects of those challenges. As editors of the journal, with a wide range of marine ecology expertise, we felt it was timely to evaluate research advances related to those challenges; and to update the scope of the section to reflect the grand challenges we envision for the next 10 years. This output will match with the United Nations (UN) Decade on Oceans Science for Sustainable Development (DOSSD; Claudet et al., 2020), UN Decade of Ecosystems Restoration (DER; Young and Schwartz, 2019), and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; Visbeck et al., 2014). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2020

34. European anthropogenic AFOLU greenhouse gas emissions:a review and benchmark data

Author: Ana Bastos, Glen P. Peters, Philippe Ciais, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Gema Carmona-Garcia, Adrian Leip, Efisio Solazzo, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Roberto Pilli, Dirk Günther, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Anja Kiesow, Giacomo Grassi, Robbie M. Andrew, Francesco N. Tubiello, Julia Pongratz, Giulia Conchedda, A. J. Dolman, Wilfried Winiwarter, A.M.R. Petrescu, Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for the Near East and North Africa (FAO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Team Vegetation Forest & Landscape Ecology, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Climate Change Unit [Ispra], European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), JRC Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Department of Global Ecology [Carnegie] (DGE), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, New Zealand Centre for Ecological Economics (NZCEE), Centre for Ecosystem Studies, ALTERRA, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Carnegie Institution for Science
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 11. Sustainability, SDG 13 - Climate Action, media_common.cataloged_instance, Life Science, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Ecosystem, European union, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Vegetatie, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Vegetation, Land use, lcsh:QE1-996.5, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Benchmark data
Abstract: Emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and removals from land, including both anthropogenic and natural fluxes, require reliable quantification, including estimates of uncertainties, to support credible mitigation action under the Paris Agreement. This study provides a state-of-the-art scientific overview of bottom-up anthropogenic emissions data from agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) in the European Union (EU281). The data integrate recent AFOLU emission inventories with ecosystem data and land carbon models and summarize GHG emissions and removals over the period 1990-2016. This compilation of bottom-up estimates of the AFOLU GHG emissions of European national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs), with those of land carbon models and observation-based estimates of large-scale GHG fluxes, aims at improving the overall estimates of the GHG balance in Europe with respect to land GHG emissions and removals. Whenever available, we present uncertainties, its propagation and role in the comparison of different estimates. While NGHGI data for the EU28 provide consistent quantification of uncertainty following the established IPCC Guidelines, uncertainty in the estimates produced with other methods needs to account for both within model uncertainty and the spread from different model results. The largest inconsistencies between EU28 estimates are mainly due to different sources of data related to human activity, referred to here as activity data (AD) and methodologies (tiers) used for calculating emissions and removals from AFOLU sectors. The referenced datasets related to figures are visualized at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3662371 (Petrescu et al., 2020).
Published: 2020

35. Characteristics, Main Impacts, and Stewardship of Natural and Artificial Freshwater Environments: Consequences for Biodiversity Conservation

Author: Rossano Bolpagni, Martina Čtvrtlíková, Alex Borrini, Stefano Segadelli, Marco Cantonati, Zlatko Levkov, Núria Cid, Lawrence E. Stevens, Jani Heino, Diana M. P. Galassi, Petr Znachor, Eren Turak, Michal Hájek, Catherine M. Pringle, Abdullah A. Saber, John S. Richardson, Paul B. Hamilton, Barbara Fiasca, Sandra Poikane, Mattia Di Cicco, Jan Kubečka, Ian Hawes, Luigi Naselli-Flores, Museo delle Scienze, Drexel University, JRC Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen [Ispra] (IPSC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Infectious Diseases [Athens, GA, USA] (Odum School of Ecology), University of Georgia [USA]-College of Veterinary Medicine [Athens, GA, USA], Museum Northern Arizona Springs Stewardship Inst, ‎ NSW Dept Planning Ind & Environm, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Sydney] (BEES), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Waikato [Hamilton], Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Université de Palerme (Univ. Palerme), Université de palerme, Université Ain Shams, Canadian Museum of Nature (CANADA), Servizio Osservatorio Suoli e Bonifiche (ARPAV), ARPAV, AQUALIFE LIFE12 BIO/IT/000231, ERDF/ESF project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_025/0007417, GX19-28491X, Cantonati M., Poikane S., Pringle C.M., Stevens L.E., Turak E., Heino J., Richardson J.S., Bolpagni R., Borrini A., Cid N., Ctvrtlikova M., Galassi D.M.P., Hajek M., Hawes I., Levkov Z., Naselli Flores L., Saber A.A., Di Cicco M., Fiasca B., Hamilton P.B., Kubecka J., Segadelli S., and Znachor P.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, lcsh:Hydraulic engineering, vaikutukset, Geography, Planning and Development, Biodiversity, habitat, Wetland, habitaatti, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Freshwater ecosystem, Least-impaired habitat relict, ekosysteemit, lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, elinympäristö, freshwater, Water Science and Technology, biodiversity, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, conservation, 6. Clean water, foundation species, Overexploitation, Habitat, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, impact, luonnonsuojelu, Settore BIO/07 - Ecologia, Conservation, Ecosystem, Foundation species, Freshwater, Impact, Least-impaired habitat relicts, Stewardship, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, hoito, stewardship, lcsh:TC1-978, 14. Life underwater, ecosystem, geography, lcsh:TD201-500, Foundation specie, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, least-impaired habitat relicts, 15. Life on land, luonnon monimuotoisuus, biodiversiteetti, Habitat destruction, 13. Climate action, Threatened species, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata, Environmental science, makea vesi
Abstract: International audience; In this overview (introductory article to a special issue including 14 papers), we consider all main types of natural and artificial inland freshwater habitas (fwh). For each type, we identify the main biodiversity patterns and ecological features, human impacts on the system and environmental issues, and discuss ways to use this information to improve stewardship. Examples of selected key biodiversity/ecological features (habitat type): narrow endemics, sensitive (groundwater and GDEs); crenobionts, LIHRes (springs); unidirectional flow, nutrient spiraling (streams); naturally turbid, floodplains, large-bodied species (large rivers); depth-variation in benthic communities (lakes); endemism and diversity (ancient lakes); threatened, sensitive species (oxbow lakes, SWE); diverse, reduced littoral (reservoirs); cold-adapted species (Boreal and Arctic fwh); endemism, depauperate (Antarctic fwh); flood pulse, intermittent wetlands, biggest river basins (tropical fwh); variable hydrologic regime—periods of drying, flash floods (arid-climate fwh). Selected impacts: eutrophication and other pollution, hydrologic modifications, overexploitation, habitat destruction, invasive species, salinization. Climate change is a threat multiplier, and it is important to quantify resistance, resilience, and recovery to assess the strategic role of the different types of freshwater ecosystems and their value for biodiversity conservation. Effective conservation solutions are dependent on an understanding of connectivity between different freshwater ecosystems (including related terrestrial, coastal and marine systems).
Published: 2020

36. Applying the convention on biological diversity pathway classification to alien species in Europe

Author: Argyro Zenetos, Colin A. Harrower, Karsten Schönrogge, Stelios Katsanevakis, Konstantinos Tsiamis, Elena Tricarico, Stephanie L. Rorke, Alan J. A. Stewart, Ana Cristina Cardoso, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Irena Perglová, Helen E. Roy, Vanessa Lozano, Montserrat Vilà, Riccardo Scalera, Gareth Richards, Piero Genovesi, Jan Pergl, Giuseppe Brundu, Andrea Vannini, Alain Roques, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, European Commission (EC), COST Action, Czech Ministry of Environment, Natural Environment Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Sassari, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), University of the Aegean, Environment Agency Austria, CABI Europe UK, Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière (URZF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, University of Sussex, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Departement for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Tuscia University, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Sevilla, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Reino Unido
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), pathways, Alien species, alien species, Context (language use), [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Information system, Secondary spread, Taxonomic rank, Pathways, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Convention on Biological Diversity, deliberate introduction, Ecology, Scope (project management), business.industry, secondary spread, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, accidental introduction, Deliberate introduction, Biology and Microbiology, Geography, lcsh:Biology (General), Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, CLARITY, Biological dispersal, Animal Science and Zoology, accidental introduction alien species deliberate introduction pathways secondary spread, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Zoology, Accidental introduction
Abstract: The number of alien species arriving within new regions has increased at unprecedented rates. Managing the pathways through which alien species arrive and spread is important to reduce the threat of biological invasions. Harmonising information on pathways across individual sectors and user groups is therefore critical to underpin policy and action. The European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN) has been developed to easily facilitate open access to data of alien species in Europe. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Pathway Classification framework has become a global standard for the classification of pathways. We followed a structured approach to assign pathway information within EASIN for a subset of alien species in Europe, which covered 4169 species, spanning taxonomic groups and environments. We document constraints and challenges associated with implementing the CBD Pathway Classification framework and propose potential amendments to increase clarity. This study is unique in the scope of taxonomic coverage and also in the inclusion of primary (independent introductions to Europe) and secondary (means of dispersal for species expansion within Europe, after their initial introduction) modes of introduction. In addition, we summarise the patterns of introduction pathways within this subset of alien species within the context of Europe. Based on the analyses, we confirm that the CBD Pathway Classification framework offers a robust, hierarchical system suitable for the classification of alien species introduction and spread across a wide range of taxonomic groups and environments. However, simple modifications could improve interpretation of the pathway categories ensuring consistent application across databases and information systems at local, national, regional, continental and global scales. Improving consistency would also help in the development of pathway action plans, as required by EU legislation. European Commission ENV.B.2/SER/2015/0037rl COST Action CA17122 Czech Ministry of Environment 20-10349J, RVO 67985939 Natural Environment Research Council NE/R016429/1 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PCI2018-092939, MCIU/AEI/FEDER
Published: 2020

37. Computers and Coordination of Debate. A study on the role of computers for ordering public debates at various levels, from open citizen's polls to formal parliamentary debate

Author: Badouel, Eric, Ferigato, Carlo, Aubel, Puerto, SUpervision of large MOdular and distributed systems (SUMO), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Euopean Community Joint Research Center - Ispra, Inria Rennes - Bretagne Atlantique, Université Rennes 1, Irisa, FUCHSIA, LIRIMA, SUMO, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]
Abstract: This report results from a collaboration between the JRC - Ispra (Units H.1 and E.2) and the Inria Research Center located in Rennes. The aim of this collaboration is at understanding the basic principles and the computer programs apt to coordinate a public debate with an overall aim at giving the bases for designing such programs. Computer programs for the coordination of public debate exist since the beginning of the eighties but recently they have acquired new relevance for the use made of them by public administrations, associations and political parties. The meet of both citizen’s needs and public administrations for transparency can today be technically realized with such programs through the present communication means in a more efficient way with respect to the first experiments dating now about forty years. This report aims at covering historical, technical and some theoretical aspects of the use of computers for the coordination of public debate.
Published: 2019

38. Design, construction, commissioning, licensing and future operational aspects of the European Tritium Handling Experimental Laboratory

Author: Simonetta, A [Commission of the European Communities, Inst. for Safety Technology, JRC-Ispra Establishment, I-21020 Ispra (IT)]
Published: 1992

39. The quality management system at the European tritium handling experimental laboratory

Author: Ferrario, L [Commission of the European Communities, Inst. for Safety Technology, JRC-Ispra Establishment, I-21020 Ispra (IT)]
Published: 1992

40. Global Surface Net-Radiation at 5 km from MODIS Terra

Author: Cescatti, Alessandro [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Sustainable Resources, Ispra (Italy)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Evaluation of Am–Li neutron spectra data for active well type neutron multiplicity measurements of uranium

Author: Peerani, Paolo [European Commission, Ispra (Italy). Joint Research Centre (JRC), Inst. for Transuranium Elements (ITU)]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Impacts of multiple stressors on freshwater biota across spatial scales and ecosystems

Author: Shenglan Lu, Kostas Stefanidis, Niina Kotamäki, Peeter Nõges, Christel Prudhomme, Jessica Richardson, Daniel Hering, Daniel Graeber, Laurence Carvalho, Steve J. Ormerod, Susanne C. Schneider, Markus Venohr, Katri Rankinen, José Maria Santos, Ralf B. Schäfer, Uğur Işkın, Stefan Auer, Jan U. Lemm, Anne Lyche Solheim, Ute Mischke, Wolfram Graf, Hans Estrup Andersen, Lidija Globevnik, S. Jannicke Moe, Fabien Cremona, Mark O. Gessner, Tiina Nõges, Peter C. von der Ohe, Lindsay F. Banin, Meryem Beklioglu, Marijn Kuijper, Stefan Schmutz, Geoff Phillips, Christian K. Feld, Marko Järvinen, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Bernd Sures, Jenica Hanganu, Nigel Willby, M. Teresa Ferreira, Yiannis Panagopoulos, Leo Posthuma, Elisabeth Bondar-Kunze, Sebastian Birk, Rafaela Schinegger, María C. Uyarra, Pedro Segurado, Sarai Pouso, Bryan M. Spears, Erik Jeppesen, Lisa Schülting, Anthonie D. Buijse, Dick de Zwart, Alban Sagouis, Stephen J. Thackeray, Raoul-Marie Couture, Paulo Branco, Alexander Gieswein, Daniel S. Chapman, Jarno Turunen, Cayetano Gutiérrez-Cánovas, Tuba Bucak, Christine Argillier, Jes J. Rasmussen, Ángel Borja, Annette Baattrup-Pedersen, Ana Cristina Cardoso, Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Columbia University [New York], Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), WasserCluster Lunz, Interuniversity Center for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, AZTI - Tecnalia, Deltares system, Water Resources Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Lake Ecosystem Group, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Institute of Hydrobiology, « Danube Delta » National Institute for Research and Development [Tulcea], Dept Biosci, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Inst Environm & Agr Sci, Ctr Limnol, Rannu, Tartu Country, Estonia, School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, National Ecology Technical Team, Partenaires INRAE, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institute of Computer Science [FORTH, Heraklion] (ICS-FORTH), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Angewandte Zoologie/Hydrobiologie, Azti Tecnalia, Centro Tecnológico del Mar y los Alimentos (Marine Resarch Unit) (Azti), Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Institute of Computer Science (ICS-FORTH), University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair of Hydrobiology and Fishery. Institute of Agricultural and Environmental sciences, MARS project (Managing Aquatic Ecosystems and Water Resources under Multiple Stress) under the 7th EU Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change)603378, BIBS project, ILES project, and European Project: 603378,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2013-two-stage,MARS(2014)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Drainage basin, Land management, Fresh Water, 010501 environmental sciences, water resources, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, Mesocosm, Nutrient, Rivers, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, freshwater ecology, Stressor, Biota, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, Europe, 13. Climate action, articles, Environmental science, Biologie, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Climate and land-use change drive a suite of stressors that shape ecosystems and interact to yield complex ecological responses (that is, additive, antagonistic and synergistic effects). We know little about the spatial scales relevant for the outcomes of such interactions and little about effect sizes. These knowledge gaps need to be filled to underpin future land management decisions or climate mitigation interventions for protecting and restoring freshwater ecosystems. This study combines data across scales from 33 mesocosm experiments with those from 14 river basins and 22 cross-basin studies in Europe, producing 174 combinations of paired-stressor effects on a biological response variable. Generalized linear models showed that only one of the two stressors had a significant effect in 39% of the analysed cases, 28% of the paired-stressor combinations resulted in additive effects and 33% resulted in interactive (antagonistic, synergistic, opposing or reversal) effects. For lakes, the frequencies of additive and interactive effects were similar for all spatial scales addressed, while for rivers these frequencies increased with scale. Nutrient enrichment was the overriding stressor for lakes, with effects generally exceeding those of secondary stressors. For rivers, the effects of nutrient enrichment were dependent on the specific stressor combination and biological response vari- able. These results vindicate the traditional focus of lake restoration and management on nutrient stress, while highlighting that river management requires more bespoke management solutions. This work was supported by the MARS project (Managing Aquatic Ecosystems and Water Resources under Multiple Stress) funded under the 7th EU Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change), contract no. 603378 (http://www.mars-project.eu). Further support was received through the ILES (SAW- 2015-IGB-1) and BIBS (BMBF 01LC1501G) projects. Partner organizations provided 25% cofunding through their institutional budgets. We thank J. Strackbein, J. Lorenz and L. Mack for their support. This work was supported by the MARS project (Managing Aquatic Ecosystems and Water Resources under Multiple Stress) funded under the 7th EU Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change), contract no. 603378 (http://www.mars-project.eu). Further support was received through the ILES (SAW- 2015-IGB-1) and BIBS (BMBF 01LC1501G) projects. Partner organizations provided 25% cofunding through their institutional budgets. We thank J. Strackbein, J. Lorenz and L. Mack for their support.
Published: 2019

43. Unravelling the scientific debate on how to address wolf-dog hybridization in Europe

Author: Josip Kusak, Håkan Sand, Robert W. Mysłajek, Luis Llaneza, Claudia Greco, Elena Fabbri, Alejandro Rodríguez, Astrid Vik Stronen, Francesca Marucco, David Benson, Raquel Godinho, José Vicente López-Bao, Valerio Donfrancesco, Ettore Randi, Claudia Capitani, Włodzimierz Jędrzejewski, Nibedita Mukherjee, Guillaume Chapron, Pietro Milanesi, Olivier Gimenez, Cino Pertoldi, Peep Männil, John D. C. Linnell, Valeria Salvatori, Massimo Scandura, Paolo Ciucci, Elena Bassi, Urmas Saarma, Elena Tsingarska, Hans Christian Pedersen, Luca Mattioli, Juan Carlos Blanco, Liselotte Wesley Andersen, Ana Galov, Antonio Canu, Romolo Caniglia, Pavel Hulva, Sylwia D. Czarnomska, Marco Galaverni, Cyril Milleret, Djuro Huber, Maris Hindrikson, Andrés Ordiz, Vicente Palacios, Luigi Boitani, Malgorzata Pilot, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. [Cambridge], Brown Bear Foundation, Department of Human and Animal Biology, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Wildlife (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Instituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Instituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Faculty of Science, Charles University [Prague], Progetto Lupo Piemonte, Centro Gestione e Conservazione Grandi Carnivori, Servizio Piano Faunistico, Provincia di Arezzo, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universitat de València (UV), University of Granada [Granada], Dipartimento di Zoologia e Genetica Evoluzionistica, Universita di Sassari, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), and Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, conservation, delphi technique, genetic admixture, introgression, lethal removal, management, ethics, values in science, lcsh:Evolution, Psychological intervention, Delphi method, Conservation, Delphi technique, Ethics, Genetic admixture, Introgression, Lethal removal, Management, Values in science, 01 natural sciences, HYBRIDS, ATLANTIC SALMON, lcsh:QH359-425, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, INTROGRESSION, Public relations, Viewpoints, ADMIXTURE, DOMESTIC DOGS, Identification (biology), C180 Ecology, Discipline, DETECTING HYBRIDIZATION, CONSERVATION, C170 Population Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, WOLVES, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Political science, MANAGEMENT, Social consciousness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, C300 Zoology, business.industry, Interpretation (philosophy), C182 Evolution, 15. Life on land, 030104 developmental biology, Conceptual framework, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CONSENSUS, business
Abstract: Anthropogenic hybridization is widely perceived as a threat to the conservation of biodiversity. Nevertheless, to date, relevant policy and management interventions are unresolved and highly convoluted. While this is due to the inherent complexity of the issue, we hereby hypothesize that a lack of agreement concerning management goals and approaches, within the scientific community, may explain the lack of social awareness on this phenomenon, and the absence of effective pressure on decision-makers. By focusing on wolf x dog hybridization in Europe, we hereby (a) assess the state of the art of issues on wolf x dog hybridization within the scientific community, (b) assess the conceptual bases for different viewpoints, and (c) provide a conceptual framework aiming at reducing the disagreements. We adopted the Delphi technique, involving a three-round iterative survey addressed to a selected sample of experts who published at Web of Science listed journals, in the last 10 years on wolf x dog hybridization and related topics. Consensus was reached that admixed individuals should always be defined according to their genetic profile, and that a reference threshold for admixture (i.e., q-value in assignment tests) should be formally adopted for their identification. To mitigate hybridization, experts agreed on adopting preventive, proactive and, when concerning small and recovering wolf populations, reactive interventions. Overall, experts' consensus waned as the issues addressed became increasingly practical, including the adoption of lethal removal. We suggest three non-mutually exclusive explanations for this trend: (i) value-laden viewpoints increasingly emerge when addressing practical issues, and are particularly diverging between experts with different disciplinary backgrounds (e.g., ecologists, geneticists); (ii) some experts prefer avoiding the risk of potentially giving carte blanche to wolf opponents to (illegally) remove wolves, based on the wolf x dog hybridization issue; (iii) room for subjective interpretation and opinions result from the paucity of data on the effectiveness of different management interventions. These results have management implications and reveal gaps in the knowledge on a wide spectrum of issues related not only to the management of anthropogenic hybridization, but also to the role of ethical values and real-world management concerns in the scientific debate.
Published: 2019

44. A comprehensive assessment of stream fragmentation in Great Britain

Author: Joshua Jones, Simone Bizzi, Barbara Belletti, James R. Kerr, Jeroen S. Tummers, Carlos Garcia de Leaniz, Sofia Consuegra, Luca Börger, Lucio Marcello, Martyn C. Lucas, Peter Gough, Andrew S. Vowles, Peter E. Jones, Eric Verspoor, Wouter van de Bund, Paul S. Kemp, Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Science, School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering [Milano] (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Water Resources Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), and Biosciences
Subjects: Instream infrastructure, Environmental Engineering, River ecosystem, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Distribution (economics), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Rivers, Abundance (ecology), Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Connectivity, Dams, Obstacle inventory, Stream barriers, Habitat fragmentation, business.industry, Fragmentation (computing), 15. Life on land, Pollution, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 6. Clean water, Current (stream), Catchment hydrology, Geography, Habitat, Physical geography, business
Abstract: Artificial barriers are one of the main threats to river ecosystems, resulting in habitat fragmentation and loss of connectivity. Yet, the abundance and distribution of most artificial barriers, excluding high-head dams, is poorly documented. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the distribution and typology of artificial barriers in Great Britain, and estimate for the first time the extent of river fragmentation. To this end, barrier data were compiled from existing databases and were ground-truthed by field surveys in England, Scotland and Wales to derive a correction factor for barrier density across Great Britain. Field surveys indicate that existing barrier databases underestimate barrier density by 68%, particularly in the case of low-head structures (
Published: 2019
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45. A synopsis of Monte Carlo perturbation algorithms

Author: Rief, H [Ispra Establishment, Ispra (Italy) Institut fuer Ionenphysik der Universitaet Innsbruck, Innsbruck (Austria)]
Published: 1994
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46. Calculations of EURACOS iron benchmark experiment using the HYBRID method

Author: Rief, H [Joint Research Center, Ispra Establishment, 21020 Ispra (Italy)]
Published: 1992

47. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013

Author: Yong Zhao, Hadi Danawi, Bach Xuan Tran, Gene Bukhman, Vasiliki Stathopoulou, Taavi Tillmann, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Yongmei Li, Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham, Sudan Prasad Neupane, Jack Caravanos, Ben Schöttker, Rafael Lozano, Damian G Hoy, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Sergey Soshnikov, Yukito Shinohara, Randall V. Martin, Michael Brainin, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, Yingfeng Zheng, Santosh Mishra, Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez, Michael Phillips, Belinda J. Gabbe, Hebe N. Gouda, Ziad A. Memish, Rupert R A Bourne, Guoqing Hu, Emmanuel A. Ameh, Abigail McLain, Michelle L. Bell, Christopher Margono, Marissa Iannarone, Wilkister N. Moturi, Donald H. Silberberg, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Nataliya Foigt, Anand Dayama, Yanping Wang, Amanda J. Mason-Jones, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Monica S. Vavilala, Katherine B Gibney, David Tanne, Sidibe S Kany Roseline, Marcella Montico, Abhishek Singh, Sarah Derrett, Alireza Esteghamati, Seok Jun Yoon, Corine Karema, Rakhi Dandona, David M. Pereira, Kazem Rahimi, Gitanjali M. Singh, Vivekanand Jha, John Hornberger, Anne M. Riederer, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Andrea Pedroza, Lily Alexander, Fiona M. Blyth, Tommi Vasankari, Kyle J Foreman, Rana J. Asghar, Tilahun Nigatu Haregu, Yousef Khader, Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Lydia S. Atkins, Simerjot K. Jassal, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Peter Scarborough, Hans W. Hoek, E. Ray Dorsey, Muluken Dessalegn, David C. Schwebel, Gavin Shaddick, Thomas D. Fleming, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Christopher C. Mapoma, Jost B. Jonas, Erin C Mullany, Gene F. Kwan, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Roberto Tchio Talongwa, Tolesa Bekele, Jed D. Blore, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Philimon Gona, Miguel Angel Alegretti, Babak Eshrati, Mitsuru Mukaigawara, Richard F. Gillum, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Ubai Alsharif, Richard C. Franklin, Felix Masiye, Richard T. Burnett, Sanjay Krishnaswami, Martin McKee, John J Huang, Lucía Cuevas-Nasu, Wagner Marcenes, Walid Ammar, Knud Juel, Joseph R. Zunt, Martha M Téllez Rojo, Mamta Swaroop, Noela M Prasad, Azmeraw T. Amare, Tim Driscoll, Michael Kravchenko, Heresh Amini, Amir Sapkota, Theo Vos, Charlotte Watts, Dennis Odai Laryea, D. Alex Quistberg, Justin Beardsley, Cheng Huang, Adnan M. Durrani, Sarah V Thackway, Rita Van Dingenen, Manami Inoue, Martha Híjar, Honglei Chen, Amany H. Refaat, Yichong Li, Vineet K. Chadha, Wenzhi Wang, Louisa Degenhardt, Kingsley N. Ukwaja, Nayu Ikeda, James D. Wilkinson, Linh N Bui, Maria Hagströmer, Gonghuan Yang, Ann Kristin Knudsen, David J. Margolis, Soewarta Kosen, Hans Kromhout, Atsushi Goto, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Thomas N. Williams, Michael Soljak, Yun Jin Kim, Hideaki Toyoshima, Jeyaraj D Pandian, Borja del Pozo-Cruz, Soufiane Boufous, Ivy Shiue, Anders Larsson, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, John Powles, Yara A. Halasa, Robin Room, Ratilal Lalloo, Carolina Batis Ruvalcaba, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Elisabete Weiderpass, Jürgen Rehm, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Alicia Aleman, Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene, Elena Alvarez, Rachelle Buchbinder, Randah R. Hamadeh, Bryan Hubbell, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Farhad Islami, Costas A. Christophi, Heidi Stöckl, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Nigel Bruce, Edward J Mills, Samuel A L Perry, Taavi Lai, Baffour Awuah, Mete Saylan, Karen J. Courville, Arindam Basu, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Teresita González de Cosío, Naohiro Yonemoto, Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni, Muluken Azage Yenesew, Atte Meretoja, Michael Brauer, Cyrus Cooper, Giorgia Giussani, Valentina S. Arsic Arsenijevic, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, André Karch, Leilei Duan, Matthew M Coates, Omid Ameli, Gelin Xu, Matthias Endres, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider, Mohamed Hsairi, Palwasha Anwari, Mazin J. Al Khabouri, Dariush Mozaffarian, Juan R. Sanabria, Pablo M. Lavados, Sumeet S. Chugh, Johan Ärnlöv, Ivo Rakovac, Maurice Giroud, Haidong Kan, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi, José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Luigi Naldi, Erica Leigh Slepak, Deena Alasfoor, James E. Saunders, Richard Matzopoulos, Talal Bakfalouni, Stein Emil Vollset, Andrea Werdecker, Lennert J. Veerman, Lorenzo Monasta, Henrica A. F. M. Jansen, Reyna A Gutiérrez, Brittany Wurtz, Luz Maria Sanchez, Lijing L. Yan, M. Patrice Lindsay, Michele Meltzer, Sanjay Basu, Steven van de Vijver, Alaa Badawi, Thomas Claßen, Young-Ho Khang, Brett M. Kissela, Jun Zhu, In-Hwan Oh, Fiona J Charlson, Maria Cecilia Bahit, Dinorah González-Castell, Rosario Cárdenas, Dan Poenaru, Sayed Saidul Alam, Mitchell T. Wallin, Harish Chander Gugnani, James Leigh, Ferrán Catalá-López, Lidia Morawska, Jim van Os, Stephanie J. London, Kaire Innos, Isabelle Romieu, Fiorella Cavalleri, Adrian Davis, Hwee Pin Phua, Chakib Nejjari, Héctor Gómez Dantés, Boris I. Pavlin, Karen Sliwa, Lynne Gaffikin, Constance D. Pond, Michael F. MacIntyre, Blake Thomson, Norberto Perico, Ronny Westerman, Samantha M. Colquhoun, Michael H. Criqui, Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos, Wubegzier Mekonnen, Bulat Idrisov, Ana Basto-Abreu, Andrew G. M. Bulloch, Jasvinder A. Singh, Vinod K. Paul, Emin Murat Tuzcu, Svetlana Popova, Hmwe H Kyu, Richard L. Guerrant, Mohammed I. Albittar, Srikanth Mangalam, Steven E. Lipshultz, Lela Sturua, Semaw Ferede Abera, Eduardo Bernabé, George D. Thurston, Bruno F. Sunguya, Tiffany Ku, Alejandra G. Contreras, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi, Charles Atkinson, Ashkan Afshin, Heidi J. Larson, Abdullatif Husseini, Jose C. Adsuar, Reza Assadi, Ademola Lukman Adelekan, Joshua A. Salomon, Yousef M. Elshrek, Gokalp Kadri Yentur, Devina Nand, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima, Maheswar Satpathy, Fotis Topouzis, Traolach S. Brugha, Hywel C Williams, Coen H. Van Gool, Andrew H. Kemp, Awoke Misganaw, Amado D Quezada, Norito Kawakami, Bert Brunekreef, Peter Burney, Tati S. Warouw, Jongmin Lee, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Marcel Tanner, Solveig A. Cunningham, Benjamin O. Anderson, Tariku Jibat Beyene, Lars Barregard, Xia Wan, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bernadette Thomas, Lilia S Pedraza, Massimo Cirillo, Alina Rodriguez, Ricky Leung, Farshad Pourmalek, K. Srinath Reddy, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Ulrich O Mueller, Neeraj Bedi, Al Artaman, Lucia Hernandez, Itamar S. Santos, C. Arden Pope, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Carlo Irwin A. Panelo, Selen Begüm Uzun, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris, Anwar Rafay, Daniel Dicker, Melvin Barrientos Marzan, Sajjad Ur Rahman, Mohammed O. Basulaiman, Edgar P. Simard, Mohammad T Mashal, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Shiwei Liu, Don C. Des Jarlais, Bo Norrving, Salvador Villalpando, Miia Kivipelto, Yang Liu, Carolina Maria Teixeira, Catalina Medina, Sudha Jayaraman, Josep Maria Haro, Diego De Leo, Angel J Paternina Caicedo, Abigail C. McKay, Eric L. Ding, Mukesh Dherani, Ljiljana Pejin Stokic, Vinay Nangia, Sukanta Saha, Juan Liang, Elisabeth Cardis, Zourkaleini Younoussi, José R Nogueira, Braden Te Ao, Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado, Lionel Racapé, Ting Wu Chuang, Shahab Khatibzadeh, E Filipa de Castro, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Ulises Trujillo, Alan D. Lopez, Soraya Seedat, Lope H Barrero, Linhong Wang, Daniel Pope, Alexandra Brazinova, Faris Lami, Valentina Colistro, G Anil Kumar, Derek F J Fay, Haidong Wang, Hwashin H. Shin, Raimundas Lunevicius, Suzanne Polinder, Dietrich Plass, David Rojas-Rueda, Stephen S Lim, Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Yuantao Hao, Jung-Chen Chang, Corina Benjet, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Luciano A. Sposato, Stan Biryukov, Kunihiro Matsushita, Beth E. Ebel, Cleusa P. Ferri, Soumya Swaminathan, K. Ryan Wessells, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Leslie T. Cooper, David O. Carpenter, Nancy Lopez, Bryan L. Sykes, Sandra Nolte, Murray B. Stein, Paul N. Jensen, Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez, Xiaonong Zou, Bradford D. Gessner, Dhruv S. Kazi, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Alejandra Jáuregui, Pouria Heydarpour, Megan Bohensky, Harvey Whiteford, Berrak Bora Basara, Zhengming Chen, Gregory R. Wagner, Paul I. Dargan, Hermann Brenner, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, John Nelson Opio, Scott Weichenthal, Deborah Salvo, Jun She, Tea Lallukka, Carolyn C. Gotay, Stephen G. Waller, Christian Kieling, Shivanthi Balalla, Valery L. Feigin, Qing Lan, Matias Trillini, Adam D M Briggs, Sungroul Kim, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Renata Micha, Sergey Petrovich Ermakov, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Paul S. F. Yip, Grant Nguyen, Ralph L. Sacco, Biju Abraham, Ken Takahashi, Jixiang Ma, Peter A. Meaney, Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren, Kimberly Cooperrider, M Rifat Kose, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa, Rasmus Havmoeller, Alize J. Ferrari, Kebede Deribe, Nadim E. Karam, George A. Mensah, Bongani M. Mayosi, Konrad Pesudovs, Joanna Moschandreas, Ziad Nahas, James Damsere-Derry, Nsanzimana Sabin, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Ying Jiang, Andre Pascal Kengne, Peter Allebeck, Jonas Minet Kinge, Shankuan Zhu, Guy B. Marks, Daniel C Casey, Marco A Avila, Anna Roca, Lalit Dandona, Ami R. Moore, Adansi A. Amankwaa, David Gunnell, Andre Keren, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Nhung T Nguyen, Anthony D. Woolf, Mayuree Rao, Peter J. Allen, Christina Papachristou, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Ravi Kumar Balu, Marie Ng, Marcello Tonelli, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Maigeng Zhou, Emmanuela Gakidou, Mohammed K. Ali, Amanda W Pain, Dan J. Stein, Kawkab Shishani, Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé, Howard J. Hoffman, James Scott, Nadine Steckling, Samia Alhabib, Deborah Jarvis, Kara Estep, Arsène Kouablan Adou, Ricardo Orozco, Holly Hagan, K. C. Astha, Reza Malekzadeh, Klara Dokova, Aliya Naheed, Ernst J. Kuipers, Valeria Caso, Derrick A Bennett, Andrea B. Feigl, Uche S. Uchendu, Holly E. Erskine, Shireen Sindi, Arjun Lakshmana Balaji, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Alejandra Cantoral, Ketevan Goginashvili, Raghib Ali, Fan Jiang, Robert G. Weintraub, Homie Razavi, Myriam Tobollik, Howard Hu, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Irma Khonelidze, Patricia M. Riccio, Eun-Kee Park, Julio Cesar Campuzano, Ibrahim Abubakar, Jürgen C Schmidt, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Aref A. Bin Abdulhak, Graeme J. Hankey, Natan M. Bornstein, Mouhanad Hammami, Lee Richardson, Rintaro Mori, Alanur Çavlin, Ruth W Kimokoti, Samir Soneji, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, John Q. Wong, Joseph Frostad, Tom Achoki, Rahman Shiri, Ashish Bhalla, Kurt Straif, Simon I. Hay, Scott B. Patten, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Ryan M Barber, Rosana E. Norman, JianLi Wang, Siyi Shangguan, Luke Nyakarahuka, Kovin Naidoo, Charles D. H. Parry, Mercedes Colomar, H. Ross Anderson, Carlos Magis-Rodriguez, Joan M. Nolla, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Karen Devries, Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman, Denis Nash, Marape Marape, Rajiv Chowdhury, Dima M. Qato, Luca Ronfani, Nobhojit Roy, Daniel Kim, Yuichiro Yano, Luke D. Knibbs, Margaret Robinson, Hilda L Harb, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Janet L Leasher, Jonathan L. Wright, Peter Brooks, Cristiana Abbafati, Belinda K Lloyd, Victor Aboyans, Nikhil Tandon, Charles R. Newton, Simón Barquera, Ted R. Miller, Kinnari S. Murthy, Habib Benzian, Glen Mola, Paulo A. Lotufo, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang, Alexander Kraemer, Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes, Saman Fahimi, Lesley Rushton, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Logan Sandar, Bruce Neal, Teresa Shamah Levy, Karen M. Tabb, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Christopher J L Murray, Ramesh Sahathevan, Aaron Cohen, Chanda Kulkarni, Van C. Lansingh, François Alla, Tasara T. Mazorodze, Murugesan Raju, Saeid Shahraz, Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson, Rajeev Gupta, Neil Pearce, Mustafa Z. Younis, Veena S. Kulkarni, Francisco A García-Guerra, Amanda G. Thrift, Stefan Ma, Samaya Ismayilova, Evariste Gasana, Amitava Banerjee, Aslam Pervaiz, Emilie Agardh, Abraham D. Flaxman, Farshad Farzadfar, Peter W. Gething, Ileana Heredia-Pi, Boris Bikbov, Wanqing Chen, Saad B. Omer, Ruben Castro, Neeraj Bhala, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Hilton Lam, Urbano Fra Paleo, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz, Kristen Delwiche, Richard G. Ellenbogen, Max Petzold, Yuri Y Varakin, Guilherme Borges, Guohong Jiang, Francis Guillemin, Kyle R. Heuton, Yohannes Kinfu, Victoria F Bachman, Joseph A Wagner, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Leonardo Trasande, Abbas Ali Mahdi, Josef Coresh, Chuanhua Yu, Kenji Shibuya, Berrin Serdar, Laetitia Huiart, Xiaofeng Liang, Jean de Dieu Ngirabega, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Natalie Stephens, Francis Apolinary Mhimbira, Jefferson Traebert, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Kjetil Søreide, Samath D Dharmaratne, Robert P. Dellavalle, George Mugambage Ruhago, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Joannie Lortet-Tieulent, Dipan Bose, Tania C Aburto, Saleem M Rana, Miriam Levi, Mohammad Taghi Hedayati, Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan, Ron T. Gansevoort, H. D. Hosgood, Michael Burch, Mohsen Naghavi, Vegard Skirbekk, Ayfer Pekericli, Walter Mendoza, Pengpeng Ye, Gabrielle deVeber, Ali H. Mokdad, David M. Broday, Koranteng Adofo, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Shifalika Goenka, Carrie Beth Peterson, Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg, Edson Serván-Mori, Anil Kaul, Foad Abd-Allah, Marek Majdan, Rahul Gupta, Giancarlo Logroscino, Kardiyoloji, Peterson, Carrie B., Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), London South Bank University, Metropolitan Police Service, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] (LMU), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Insight Centre for Data Analytics [Galway] (INSIGHT), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Epidemiologie Clinique/essais Cliniques Nancy, Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Molecular Biosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Regional Genetic Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux (LIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science Department [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Universität Mannheim [Mannheim], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) (SRI-B), Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] (STFC), Science & Technologie Facilities Council, Multimedia Research Center (MRC), University of Alberta, Division of Biostatistics (Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Southampton, Imperial College London, Neurology Department, Ichilov Medical Center, Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 (InTRu), Université de Tours, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Risk Assessment Sciences Institute, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute [UK], CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), STAR laboratory, Stanford University [Stanford], Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore (NUS), Centre de Robotique (CAOR), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, Swansea University, Cyprus International Institute for the Environment and Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Neuro Rehab Services LLP [New Delhi], Department of Signal Theory and Communications (TSC), Univ. Politec. de Catalunya, King‘s College London, Dept. Mat. Engn. De Ma, Sao Carlos, Fed. Univ. Sao Carlos UFSCar, RESPEC (RESPEC), RESPEC, Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] (ALES), Department of Biology [Miami], University of Miami [Coral Gables], Health Care, Minister Of Labour-Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs, Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, University of Oxford [Oxford], College of Medicine, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia, Laboratory of Neurologic Diseases, Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Department of Civil Engineering [Hamirpur], National Institute of Technology [Hamirpur], GEMMA — Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Hydraulic, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (Ariana, Tunisie) (INRAP), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University-Shahid Beheshti University, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Tehran, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Public Health Division, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe (SAGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, George Washington University (GW), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universiteit Gent [Ghent], Washington State University (WSU), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, School of Computer Science - China University of Geosciences (China University of Geosciences (East Area)), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Fachbereich Physik [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci (DRDO, INMAS), Univ New Delhi, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Cape Town, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Daejeon] (Chungnam National University), Lawrence University, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tata Research Development and Design Center (TRDDC), TCS Innovation Labs, University of Helsinki, Google Inc [Mountain View], Research at Google, Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), Servicio de Neurologia (SANTIAGO - Neurologie), Universidad del Desarrollo, Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering (CAD Laboratory), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Università degli studi di Bari, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications (CEDRIC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Information and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] (CIEE), China Agricultural University (CAU), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble [2013-2019] (ESPE Grenoble [2013-2019]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Mathematics, University of Iowa [Iowa City], College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Saudi Ministry of Health, Institut national des recherches agricoles du Bénin, Centre de Recherches agricoles du Sud, Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Unit of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, University of Virginia, University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo', Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Department of Chemistry, Scientific Computing Research Unit, Department of dermatology, Milano University-Azienda Ospedaleria Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University [New York], The Georges Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, Department of epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Département Optique (OPT), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona], Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Department of Neurology Lunds University Hospital Lund, Unit of Functional Bionanomaterials, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department - Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], World Health Organization, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Nordic School of Public Health, The James Hutton Institute, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington [Seattle], Institute of Public Health, Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Center for TeleInFrastruktur (CTIF), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 (STL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Dept.of Computer Science, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Istituto Mario Negri Bergamo, Centro Ricerche e Trapianti Villa Camozzi, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production (LGI2P), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut geològic de Catalunya (IGC), Institut Geològic de Catalunya-IGC, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Symantec, University of Oviedo, European Microsoft Innovation Center (EMIC), Microsoft Corporation [Redmond, Wash.], Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences (LMPG), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (LPMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Departments of Applied Physics [New Haven], Yale University [New Haven], Center for Mathematical Modeling (CMM), Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] (UEOH), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [New Delhi], Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GlaxoSmithKline, Imperial College London-Clinical Imaging Center, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Nanoscience Institute (NEST), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology (LICB), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Institute of Human Genetics, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Occupational Health Unit, Bologna University Hospital-Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), NICTA [Eveleigh], National ICT Australia [Sydney] (NICTA), Division of Solid Mechanics, Lund University [Lund], University of Calgary, BioWare Corp, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (IHPST), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division [London], Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital [London]-King‘s College London, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physiology, Augusta University - Medical College of Georgia, University System of Georgia (USG)-University System of Georgia (USG), Neurorestoration Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases-King‘s College London, Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI), Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Department of Computer Science [KAIST] (CS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Centre for Undergraduate Studies, University of the Punjab, Siemens Corporate Research, Siemens AG [Munich], University of Massachusetts [Boston] (UMass Boston), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Department of Materials Science, Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops N Chi, Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MOLTECH-ANJOU (MOLTECH-ANJOU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH)-Universidad del Desarrollo, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble (ESPE Grenoble), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), King‘s College London-Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Sichuan University, Universitat de Barcelona, Interne Geneeskunde, Medische Sociologie, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides ( LPS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive ( LAPSCO ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches ( UR ETGR ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Hong Kong Baptist University ( HKBU ), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] ( LMU ), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale ( NET ), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Insight Centre for Data Analytics (National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG)) ( INSIGHT ), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation ( APEMAC ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Oslo ( UiO ) -University of Oslo ( UiO ), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas ( CEAZA ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux ( LIM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) ( SRI-B ), Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] ( STFC ), Multimedia Research Center ( MRC ), University of Alberta [Edmonton], Division of Biostatistics ( Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS ), University of Minnesota [Minneapolis], University of Southampton [Southampton], Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 ( InTRu ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University Medical Center Utrecht, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative ( BFA ), Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute, Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires ( VIM ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), National University of Singapore ( NUS ), Centre de Robotique ( CAOR ), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University ( PSL ), Department of Signal Theory and Communications ( TSC ), RESPEC ( RESPEC ), Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] ( ALES ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique ( INRAP ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (INRAP-Tunisie), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ), Tehran University, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe ( SAGE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - AMU - IRD ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Washington State University ( WSU ), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon ( Phys-ENS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy ( CRAN ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin], Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci ( DRDO, INMAS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Tata Research Development and Design Center ( TRDDC ), Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou [Angers] ( MOLTECH ANJOU ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Swedish Defense Research Agency ( FOI ), Servicio de Neurologia ( SANTIAGO - Neurologie ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ) -Universidad del Desarrollo, Novartis Pharmaceutical Corp., East Hanover NJ 07936, USA, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement ( LGGE ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering ( CAD Laboratory ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Centre d'étude et de recherche en informatique et communications ( CEDRIC ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise ( ENSIIE ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] ( Heudiasyc ), Université de Technologie de Compiègne ( UTC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), College of Information and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] ( CIEE ), China Agricultural University ( CAU ), Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne ( CES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Paris School of Economics ( PSE ), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble ( ESPE Grenoble ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth], The University of Sydney [Sydney], Département Optique ( OPT ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes ( L2S ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Center for TeleInFrastruktur ( CTIF ), Aalborg University [Denmark] ( AAU ), Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 ( STL ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Indian Institute of Technology Madras ( IIT Madras ), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita ( UNESP ), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production ( LGI2P ), IMT - Mines Alès Ecole Mines - Télécom ( IMT - MINES ALES ), Institut geològic de Catalunya ( IGC ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons ( LPGP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Politecnico di Milano [Milan], European Microsoft Innovation Center ( EMIC ), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences ( LMPG ), Université Le Havre Normandie ( ULH ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires ( LPMA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Center for Mathematical Modeling ( CMM ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ( LSHTM ), University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] ( UEOH ), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi ( IIT Delhi ), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre ( IRPHE ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] ( UFPE ), Nanoscience Institute ( NEST ), Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology ( LICB ), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability ( IES ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] ( JRC ), Bonn Universität [Bonn], Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] ( LNCC / MCT ), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] ( KTH ), National ICT Australia [Sydney] ( NICTA ), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques ( IHPST ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia ( CHOP ), Univeristy of Pennsylvania Medical School, Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique ( LHEEA ), École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique ( GeM ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Medical College of Georgia, Electronic Navigation Research Institute ( ENRI ), Department of Computer Science [KAIST] ( CS ), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ( KAIST ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), University of Massachusetts [Boston] ( UMass Boston ), Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Alexander, Lily, Anderson, H. Ro, Bachman, Victoria F, Biryukov, Stan, Brauer, Michael, Burnett, Richard, Casey, Daniel, Coates, Matthew M, Cohen, Aaron, Delwiche, Kristen, Estep, Kara, Frostad, Joseph J, Kc, Astha, Kyu, Hmwe H, Moradi Lakeh, Maziar, Ng, Marie, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Thomas, Bernadette A, Wagner, Joseph, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Biju, Abraham, Jerry Puthenpurakal, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu Rmeileh, Niveen M. E, Aburto, Tania C, Achoki, Tom, Adelekan, Ademola, Adofo, Koranteng, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, José C, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Al Khabouri, Mazin J, Al Lami, Faris H, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Mohammed K, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Peter J, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis Guzman, Nelson, Amankwaa, Adansi A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Ameli, Omid, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu, Arnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S. Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S, Atkinson, Charle, Avila, Marco A, Awuah, Baffour, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Bakfalouni, Talal, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balu, Ravi Kumar, Banerjee, Amitava, Barber, Ryan M, Barker Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lar, Barrero, Lope H, Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh, Basto Abreu, Ana C, Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Ruvalcaba, Carolina Bati, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Benzian, Habib, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Bori, Abdulhak, Aref A. Bin, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Başara, Berrak Bora, Borges, Guilherme, Bornstein, Natan M, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J, Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam D. M, Broday, David M, Brooks, Peter M, Bruce, Nigel G, Brugha, Traolach S, Brunekreef, Bert, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bui, Linh N, Bukhman, Gene, Bulloch, Andrew G, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter G. J, Campos Nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano, Julio C, Cantoral, Alejandra J, Caravanos, Jack, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cardis, Elisabeth, Carpenter, David O, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Ruben E, Catalá López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Çavlin, Alanur, Chadha, Vineet K, Chang, Jung Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Wanqing, Chen, Zhengming, Chiang, Peggy P, Chimed Ochir, Odgerel, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christophi, Costas A, Chuang, Ting Wu, Chugh, Sumeet S, Cirillo, Massimo, Claßen, Thomas Kd, Colistro, Valentina, Colomar, Mercede, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Contreras, Alejandra G, Cooper, Cyru, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Cooper, Leslie T, Coresh, Josef, Courville, Karen J, Criqui, Michael H, Cuevas Nasu, Lucia, Damsere Derry, Jame, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, Davis, Adrian, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Dayama, Anand, de Castro, E. Filipa, De la Cruz Góngora, Vanessa, De Leo, Diego, de Lima, Graça, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Pozo Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Derrett, Sarah, Jarlais, Don C. De, Dessalegn, Muluken, Deveber, Gabrielle A, Devries, Karen M, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E. Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Durrani, Adnan M, Ebel, Beth E, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Elshrek, Yousef M, Endres, Matthia, Ermakov, Sergey P, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fahimi, Saman, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Derek F. J, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferri, Cleusa P, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fleming, Thomas D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Paleo, Urbano Fra, Franklin, Richard C, Gabbe, Belinda, Gaffikin, Lynne, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gankpé, Fortuné G, Gansevoort, Ron T, García Guerra, Francisco A, Gasana, Evariste, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Pete, Gibney, Katherine B, Gillum, Richard F, Ginawi, Ibrahim A. M, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Goenka, Shifalika, Goginashvili, Ketevan, Dantes, Hector Gomez, Gona, Philimon, de Cosio, Teresita Gonzalez, González Castell, Dinorah, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Guerrant, Richard L, Gugnani, Harish C, Guillemin, Franci, Gunnell, David, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hafezi Nejad, Nima, Hagan, Holly, Hagstromer, Maria, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Haregu, Tilahun Nigatu, Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmu, Hay, Simon I, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heredia Pi, Ileana B, Hernandez, Lucia, Heuton, Kyle R, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hijar, Martha, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Hornberger, John C, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Hu, Howard, Huang, Cheng, Huang, John J, Hubbell, Bryan J, Huiart, Laetitia, Husseini, Abdullatif, Iannarone, Marissa L, Iburg, Kim M, Idrisov, Bulat T, Ikeda, Nayu, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Islami, Farhad, Ismayilova, Samaya, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jansen, Henrica A, Jarvis, Deborah L, Jassal, Simerjot K, Jauregui, Alejandra, Jayaraman, Sudha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Fan, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kan, Haidong, Roseline, Sidibe S. Kany, Karam, Nadim E, Karch, André, Karema, Corine K, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazi, Dhruv S, Kemp, Andrew H, Kengne, Andre P, Keren, Andre, Khader, Yousef S, Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan, Khan, Ejaz A, Khang, Young Ho, Khatibzadeh, Shahab, Khonelidze, Irma, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Sungroul, Kim, Yunjin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohanne, Kinge, Jonas M, Kissela, Brett M, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kose, M. Rifat, Kosen, Soewarta, Kraemer, Alexander, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Kromhout, Han, Ku, Tiffany, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Chanda, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G. Anil, Kwan, Gene F, Lai, Taavi, Balaji, Arjun Lakshmana, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi J, Larsson, Ander, Laryea, Dennis O, Lavados, Pablo M, Lawrynowicz, Alicia E, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Jong Tae, Leigh, Jame, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Juan, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lindsay, M. Patrice, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K, Logroscino, Giancarlo, London, Stephanie J, Lopez, Nancy, Lortet Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimunda, Ma, Jixiang, Ma, Stefan, Machado, Vasco M. P, Macintyre, Michael F, Magis Rodriguez, Carlo, Mahdi, Abbas A, Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mangalam, Srikanth, Mapoma, Christopher C, Marape, Marape, Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David J, Margono, Christopher, Marks, Guy B, Martin, Randall V, Marzan, Melvin B, Mashal, Mohammad T, Masiye, Felix, Mason Jones, Amanda J, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazorodze, Tasara T, Mckay, Abigail C, Mckee, Martin, Mclain, Abigail, Meaney, Peter A, Medina, Catalina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mejia Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Wubegzier, Melaku, Yohannes A, Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Micha, Renata, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Santosh, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan A, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen L, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio C. Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Moore, Ami R, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Moschandreas, Joanna, Moturi, Wilkister N, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mukaigawara, Mitsuru, Mullany, Erin C, Murthy, Kinnari S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nahas, Ziad, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Narayan, Km Venkat, Nash, Deni, Neal, Bruce, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Sudan P, Newton, Charles R, Ngalesoni, Frida N, de Dieu Ngirabega, Jean, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Nhung T, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Nisar, Muhammad I, Nogueira, José R, Nolla, Joan M, Nolte, Sandra, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Oh, In Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Olusanya, Bolajoko O, Omer, Saad B, Opio, John Nelson, Orozco, Ricardo, Pagcatipunan, Rodolfo S, Pain, Amanda W, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Panelo, Carlo Irwin A, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun Kee, Parry, Charles D, Caicedo, Angel J. Paternina, Patten, Scott B, Paul, Vinod K, Pavlin, Boris I, Pearce, Neil, Pedraza, Lilia S, Pedroza, Andrea, Stokic, Ljiljana Pejin, Pekericli, Ayfer, Pereira, David M, Perez Padilla, Rogelio, Perez Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Perry, Samuel A. L, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie B, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R, Phua, Hwee Pin, Plass, Dietrich, Poenaru, Dan, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Pope, C. Arden, Pope, Daniel, Popova, Svetlana, Pourmalek, Farshad, Powles, John, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M, Qato, Dima M, Quezada, Amado D, Quistberg, D. Alex A, Racapé, Lionel, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Raju, Murugesan, Rakovac, Ivo, Rana, Saleem M, Rao, Mayuree, Razavi, Homie, Reddy, K. Srinath, Refaat, Amany H, Rehm, Jürgen, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Riccio, Patricia M, Richardson, Lee, Riederer, Anne, Robinson, Margaret, Roca, Anna, Rodriguez, Alina, Rojas Rueda, David, Romieu, Isabelle, Ronfani, Luca, Room, Robin, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George M, Rushton, Lesley, Sabin, Nsanzimana, Sacco, Ralph L, Saha, Sukanta, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salomon, Joshua A, Salvo, Deborah, Sampson, Uchechukwu K, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez, Luz Maria, Sánchez Pimienta, Tania G, Sanchez Riera, Lidia, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Sapkota, Amir, Satpathy, Maheswar, Saunders, James E, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Scarborough, Peter, Schmidt, Jürgen C, Schneider, Ione J. C, Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shahraz, Saeid, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Shangguan, Siyi, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Hwashin H, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Sigfusdottir, Inga D, Silberberg, Donald H, Simard, Edgar P, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Gitanjali M, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Soljak, Michael, Soneji, Samir, Søreide, Kjetil, Soshnikov, Sergey, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stapelberg, Nicolas J. C, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steckling, Nadine, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Stephens, Natalie, Stöckl, Heidi, Straif, Kurt, Stroumpoulis, Konstantino, Sturua, Lela, Sunguya, Bruno F, Swaminathan, Soumya, Swaroop, Mamta, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabb, Karen M, Takahashi, Ken, Talongwa, Roberto T, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tanner, Marcel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Te Ao, Braden J, Teixeira, Carolina M, Téllez Rojo, Martha M, Terkawi, Abdullah S, Texcalac Sangrador, José Lui, Thackway, Sarah V, Thomson, Blake, Thorne Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobollik, Myriam, Tonelli, Marcello, Topouzis, Foti, Towbin, Jeffrey A, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach X, Trasande, Leonardo, Trillini, Matia, Trujillo, Ulise, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadi, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Uzun, Selen B, van de Vijver, Steven, Van Dingenen, Rita, van Gool, Coen H, van Os, Jim, Varakin, Yuri Y, Vasankari, Tommi J, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria N, Vavilala, Monica S, Veerman, Lennert J, Velasquez Melendez, Gustavo, Venketasubramanian, N, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Villalpando, Salvador, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Waller, Stephen G, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wan, Xia, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Jianli, Wang, Linhong, Wang, Wenzhi, Wang, Yanping, Warouw, Tati S, Watts, Charlotte H, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Wessells, K. Ryan, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Williams, Thomas N, Woldeyohannes, Solomon M, Wolfe, Charles D. A, Wong, John Q, Woolf, Anthony D, Wright, Jonathan L, Wurtz, Brittany, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L, Yang, Gonghuan, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yenesew, Muluken, Yentür, Gökalp K, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Younoussi, Zourkaleini, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaki, Maysaa E, Zhao, Yong, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Zhu, Shankuan, Zou, Xiaonong, Zunt, Joseph R, Lopez, Alan D, Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J., Cell biology, Epidemiology, Neurosciences, Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Public Health, General practice, Bachman, Victoria F., Coates, Matthew M., Frostad, Joseph J., Astha, K.C., Kyu, Hmwe H., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Thomas, Bernadette A., Abbasoglu Ozgoren, Ayse, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F., Puthenpurakal Abraham, Jerry, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E., Aburto, Tania C., Adou, Arsène K., Adsuar, José C., Agardh, Emilie E., Al Khabouri, Mazin J., Al Lami, Faris H., Albittar, Mohammed I., Alegretti, Miguel A., Aleman, Alicia V., Alemu, Zewdie A., Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Ali, Mohammed K., Allen, Peter J., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amankwaa, Adansi A., Amare, Azmeraw T., Ameh, Emmanuel A., Anderson, Benjamin O., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Argeseanu Cunningham, Solveig, Arsic Arsenijevic, Valentina S., Asghar, Rana J., Atkins, Lydia S., Avila, Marco A., Bahit, Maria C., Barber, Ryan M., Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Barrero, Lope H., Barrientos-Gutierrez, Tonatiuh, Basto-Abreu, Ana C., Basulaiman, Mohammed O., Batis Ruvalcaba, Carolina, Bell, Michelle L., Bennett, Derrick A., Beyene, Tariku J., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bin Abdulhak, Aref A., Blore, Jed D., Blyth, Fiona M., Bohensky, Megan A., Bora Başara, Berrak, Bornstein, Natan M., Bourne, Rupert R., Breitborde, Nicholas J., Briggs, Adam D.M., Broday, David M., Brooks, Peter M., Bruce, Nigel G., Brugha, Traolach S., Bui, Linh N., Bulloch, Andrew G., Burney, Peter G.J., Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Campuzano, Julio C., Cantoral, Alejandra J., Carpenter, David O., Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Castro, Ruben E., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chadha, Vineet K., Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J., Chiang, Peggy P., Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Christophi, Costas A., Chuang, Ting-Wu, Chugh, Sumeet S., Claßen, Thomas K.D., Colquhoun, Samantha M., Contreras, Alejandra G., Cooper, Leslie T., Courville, Karen J., Criqui, Michael H., Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Damsere-Derry, Jame, Dargan, Paul I., Davitoiu, Dragos V., De Castro, E. Filipa, De La Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De Lima, Graça, Del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P., Des Jarlais, Don C., Deveber, Gabrielle A., Devries, Karen M., Dharmaratne, Samath D., Dherani, Mukesh K., Ding, Eric L., Driscoll, Tim R., Durrani, Adnan M., Ebel, Beth E., Ellenbogen, Richard G., Elshrek, Yousef M., Ermakov, Sergey P., Erskine, Holly E., Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Fay, Derek F.J., Feigin, Valery L., Feigl, Andrea B., Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrari, Alize J., Ferri, Cleusa P., Flaxman, Abraham D., Fleming, Thomas D., Foreman, Kyle J., Fra Paleo, Urbano, Franklin, Richard C., Gankpé, Fortuné G., Gansevoort, Ron T., García-Guerra, Francisco A., Geleijnse, Johanna M., Gessner, Bradford D., Gibney, Katherine B., Gillum, Richard F., Ginawi, Ibrahim A.M., Gomez Dantes, Hector, Gonzalez De Cosio, Teresita, González-Castell, Dinorah, Gotay, Carolyn C., Gouda, Hebe N., Guerrant, Richard L., Gugnani, Harish C., Gutiérrez, Reyna A., Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Halasa, Yara A., Hamadeh, Randah R., Hankey, Graeme J., Harb, Hilda L., Hay, Simon I., Hedayati, Mohammad T., Heredia-Pi, Ileana B., Heuton, Kyle R., Hoek, Hans W., Hoffman, Howard J., Hornberger, John C., Hosgood, H., Hoy, Damian G., Huang, John J., Hubbell, Bryan J., Iannarone, Marissa L., Iburg, Kim M., Idrisov, Bulat T., Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jansen, Henrica A., Jarvis, Deborah L., Jassal, Simerjot K., Jensen, Paul N., Jonas, Jost B., Kany Roseline, Sidibe S., Karam, Nadim E., Karema, Corine K., Kazi, Dhruv S., Kemp, Andrew H., Kengne, Andre P., Khader, Yousef S., Ali Hassan Khalifa, Shams Eldin, Khan, Ejaz A., Khang, Young-Ho, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinge, Jonas M., Kissela, Brett M., Knibbs, Luke D., Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kuipers, Ernst J., Kulkarni, Veena S., Kwan, Gene F., Lakshmana Balaji, Arjun, Lansingh, Van C., Larson, Heidi J., Laryea, Dennis O., Lavados, Pablo M., Lawrynowicz, Alicia E., Leasher, Janet L., Lee, Jong-Tae, Lim, Stephen S., Lipshultz, Steven E., Lloyd, Belinda K., London, Stephanie J., Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A., Machado, Vasco M.P., Macintyre, Michael F., Magis-Rodriguez, Carlo, Mahdi, Abbas A., Mapoma, Christopher C., Margolis, David J., Marks, Guy B., Martin, Randall V., Marzan, Melvin B., Mashal, Mohammad T., Mason-Jones, Amanda J., Mayosi, Bongani M., Mazorodze, Tasara T., Mckay, Abigail C., Meaney, Peter A., Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Melaku, Yohannes A., Memish, Ziad A., Mensah, George A., Apolinary Mhimbira, Franci, Miller, Ted R., Mills, Edward J., Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohammad, Karzan A., Mokdad, Ali H., Mola, Glen L., Montañez Hernandez, Julio C., Moore, Ami R., Moturi, Wilkister N., Mueller, Ulrich O., Mullany, Erin C., Murthy, Kinnari S., Naidoo, Kovin S., Narayan, K.M. Venkat, Neupane, Sudan P., Newton, Charles R., Ngalesoni, Frida N., Ngirabega, Jean De Dieu, Nguyen, Nhung T., Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Nisar, Muhammad I., Nogueira, José R., Nolla, Joan M., Norheim, Ole F., Norman, Rosana E., Oh, In-Hwan, Olusanya, Bolajoko O., Omer, Saad B., Pagcatipunan, Rodolfo S., Pain, Amanda W., Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Panelo, Carlo Irwin A., Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D., Paternina Caicedo, Angel J., Patten, Scott B., Paul, Vinod K., Pavlin, Boris I., Pedraza, Lilia S., Pejin Stokic, Ljiljana, Pereira, David M., Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perry, Samuel A.L., Phillips, Michael R., Polanczyk, Guilherme V., Pond, Constance D., Prasad, Noela M., Qato, Dima M., Quezada, Amado D., Quistberg, D. Alex A., Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Ur Rahman, Sajjad, Rana, Saleem M., Refaat, Amany H., Ribeiro, Antonio L., Riccio, Patricia M., Rojas-Rueda, David, Ruhago, George M., Sacco, Ralph L., Salomon, Joshua A., Sampson, Uchechukwu K., Sanabria, Juan R., Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G., Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Santos, Itamar S., Saunders, James E., Saylan, Mete I., Schmidt, Jürgen C., Schneider, Ione J.C., Schwebel, David C., Scott, James G., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shamah Levy, Teresa, Shin, Hwashin H., Sigfusdottir, Inga D., Silberberg, Donald H., Simard, Edgar P., Singh, Gitanjali M., Singh, Jasvinder A., Sposato, Luciano A., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Stapelberg, Nicolas J.C., Stein, Dan J., Stein, Murray B., Sunguya, Bruno F., Sykes, Bryan L., Tabb, Karen M., Talongwa, Roberto T., Te Ao, Braden J., Teixeira, Carolina M., Téllez Rojo, Martha M., Terkawi, Abdullah S., Texcalac-Sangrador, José Lui, Thackway, Sarah V., Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L., Thrift, Amanda G., Thurston, George D., Towbin, Jeffrey A., Tran, Bach X., Tsala Dimbuene, Zacharie, Uchendu, Uche S., Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uzun, Selen B., Van De Vijver, Steven, Van Gool, Coen H., Van Os, Jim, Varakin, Yuri Y., Vasankari, Tommi J., Vasconcelos, Ana Maria N., Vavilala, Monica S., Veerman, Lennert J., Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Venketasubramanian, N., Violante, Francesco S., Victorovich Vlassov, Vasiliy, Wagner, Gregory R., Waller, Stephen G., Wallin, Mitchell T., Warouw, Tati S., Watts, Charlotte H., Weintraub, Robert G., Whiteford, Harvey A., Wilkinson, James D., Williams, Hywel C., Williams, Thomas N., Woldeyohannes, Solomon M., Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wong, John Q., Woolf, Anthony D., Wright, Jonathan L., Yan, Lijing L., Yentür, Gökalp K., Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z., Zaki, Maysaa E., Zunt, Joseph R., Lopez, Alan D., and Temesgen, A.M.
Subjects: Male, Fine particulate matter, Nutrition and Disease, MESH : Sanitation, Health Behavior, Diseases, MESH: Metabolic Diseases, MESH: Global Health, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MESH: Risk Assessment, Global Health, MESH : Nutritional Status, MESH: Occupational Exposure, 0302 clinical medicine, Unsafe Sex, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, Medicine, Air-pollution, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH : Risk Assessment, Sanitation, Wasting, 2. Zero hunger, Factors de risc en les malalties, Medicine (all), [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, MESH : Occupational Diseases, MESH: Nutritional Status, All-cause mortality, MESH : Risk Factors, humanities, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Status, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Exposure, Risk Assessment, Tobacco smoking, 3. Good health, Nutritional Statu, MESH : Occupational Exposure, MESH : Metabolic Diseases, Cohort, medicine.symptom, Risk assessment, Blood-pressure, Human, MESH: Occupational Diseases, Risk factors in diseases, Coronary-heart-disease, MESH : Male, MESH: Health Behavior, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Population health, Body-mass index, 03 medical and health sciences, Household cooking, Cardiovascular-disease, Environmental health, General & Internal Medicine, parasitic diseases, Life Science, MESH: Sanitation, Risk factor, MESH : Health Behavior, VLAG, GBD2013, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Risk Factor, Global Burden of Disease Study, 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks, Long-term exposure, MESH : Humans, CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, MESH: Male, Metabolic Disease, Occupational Disease, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, MALE BRITISH DOCTORS, Years of potential life lost, Relative risk, Malalties, MESH : Global Health, OUTDOOR AIR-POLLUTION, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH : Environmental Exposure, MESH: Female
Abstract: Summary Background The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk–outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990–2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the first level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular filtration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian metaregression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol. Findings All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8–58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1–43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5−89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa. Interpretation Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the fi rst of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantifi cation, particularly of modifi able risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk–outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990–2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the fi rst level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular fi ltration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian metaregression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol. Findings All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8–58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1–43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5−89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa. Interpretation Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2015

48. Testing a geographical information system for damage and evacuation assessment during an effusive volcanic crisis

Author: Francesco Marchese, Rocco Rongo, B. van Wyk de Vries, Giulio Iovine, Ioannis Andredakis, Nicola Pergola, Elodie Saubin, Aj Harris, Gaetana Ganci, Valerio Tramutoli, Donato D'Ambrosio, Giuseppe Bilotta, Massimiliano Favalli, Simone Tarquini, Diego Coppola, T. De Groeve, Annalisa Cappello, Karim Kelfoun, Gino Mirocle Crisci, C. Del Negro, Benjamin Latutrie, William Spataro, E. Fujita, E. Langlois, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), JRC Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen [Ispra] (IPSC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences [Arcavacata di Rende] (DiBEST), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica [Rende] (IRPI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Torino], Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Istituto di Metodologie per l’Analisi Abientale C. da S. Loja, Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Potenza] (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy, and Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lava, Earth science, Global warming, Geology, Ocean Engineering, Hot spot (veterinary medicine), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Volcano, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, Information system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

49. Using ecological models to assess ecosystem status in support of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Author: O. Kryvenko, Ibon Galparsoro, Chiara Piroddi, Marina Chifflet, Caleb Smith, Ana Carla Garcia, Krysia Mazik, Géraldine Lassalle, Guillem Chust, Eider Andonegi, Heliana Teixeira, Nathalie Niquil, Maria Kämäri, Suzanna Neville, María C. Uyarra, Vjacheslav Suslin, Tanya Churilova, María del Carmen Alvarez, Axel G. Rossberg, Christopher P. Lynam, Nadia Papadopoulou, Letizia Tedesco, Water Resources Unit [Ispra], JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Lowestoft] (CEFAS), Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UDELAR), University of Hull [United Kingdom], AZTI - Tecnalia, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Marine and environmental research centre - IMAR-CMA (Coimbra, Portugal), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Marine Hydrophysical Institute (MHI), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), European Commission, Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UCUR), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Good Environmental Status, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversity descriptors, Biodiversity, General Decision Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, media_common.cataloged_instance, Ecosystem, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, European union, MSFD, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Decision Sciences(all), Biomass (ecology), Ecology, business.industry, Model-derived indicators, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Habitats, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecological models, business, Marine ecosystems, Pressures
Abstract: Piroddi, Chiara ... et. al.-- 17 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, 1 appendix supplementary data http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.037, The European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) seeks to achieve, for all European seas, “Good Environmental Status” (GEnS), by 2020. Ecological models are currently one of the strongest approaches used to predicting and understanding the consequences of anthropogenic and climate-driven changes in the natural environment. We assess the most commonly used capabilities of the modelling community to provide information about indicators outlined in the MSFD, particularly on biodiversity, food webs, non-indigenous species and seafloor integrity descriptors. We built a catalogue of models and their derived indicators to assess which models were able to demonstrate: (1) the linkages between indicators and ecosystem structure and function and (2) the impact of pressures on ecosystem state through indicators. Our survey identified 44 ecological models being implemented in Europe, with a high prevalence of those that focus on links between hydrodynamics and biogeochemistry, followed by end-to-end, species distribution/habitat suitability, bio-optical (remote sensing) and multispecies models. Approximately 200 indicators could be derived from these models, the majority of which were biomass and physical/hydrological/chemical indicators. Biodiversity and food webs descriptors, with ∼49% and ∼43% respectively, were better addressed in the reviewed modelling approaches than the non-indigenous species (0.3%) and sea floor integrity (∼8%) descriptors. Out of 12 criteria and 21 MSFD indicators relevant to the abovementioned descriptors, currently only three indicators were not addressed by the 44 models reviewed. Modelling approaches showed also the potential to inform on the complex, integrative ecosystem dimensions while addressing ecosystem fundamental properties, such as interactions between structural components and ecosystems services provided, despite the fact that they are not part of the MSFD indicators set. The cataloguing of models and their derived indicators presented in this study, aim at helping the planning and integration of policies like the MSFD which require the assessment of all European Seas in relation to their ecosystem status and pressures associated and the establishment of environmental targets (through the use of indicators) to achieve GEnS by 2020, This manuscript has resulted from the DEVOTES (DEVelopment Of innovative Tools for understanding marine biodiversity and assessing good Environmental Status) project funded by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme, ‘The Ocean of Tomorrow’ Theme (Grant Agreement No. 308392), http://www.devotes-project.eu
Published: 2015
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50. Uncertainty in projected climate change arising from uncertain fossil-fuel emission factors

Author: Quilcaille, Y, Gasser, T, Ciais, P, Lecocq, F, Janssens-Maenhout, G, Mohr, S, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement ( CIRED ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -AgroParisTech-École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability ( IES ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] ( JRC ), and Institute for Sustainable Futures
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: © 2018 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Emission inventories are widely used by the climate community, but their uncertainties are rarely accounted for. In this study, we evaluate the uncertainty in projected climate change induced by uncertainties in fossil-fuel emissions, accounting for non-CO2 species co-emitted with the combustion of fossil-fuels and their use in industrial processes. Using consistent historical reconstructions and three contrasted future projections of fossil-fuel extraction from Mohr et al we calculate CO2 emissions and their uncertainties stemming from estimates of fuel carbon content, net calorific value and oxidation fraction. Our historical reconstructions of fossil-fuel CO2 emissions are consistent with other inventories in terms of average and range. The uncertainties sum up to a ±15% relative uncertainty in cumulative CO2 emissions by 2300. Uncertainties in the emissions of non-CO2 species associated with the use of fossil fuels are estimated using co-emission ratios varying with time. Using these inputs, we use the compact Earth system model OSCAR v2.2 and a Monte Carlo setup, in order to attribute the uncertainty in projected global surface temperature change (T) to three sources of uncertainty, namely on the Earth system's response, on fossil-fuel CO2 emission and on non-CO2 co-emissions. Under the three future fuel extraction scenarios, we simulate the median T to be 1.9, 2.7 or 4.0 °C in 2300, with an associated 90% confidence interval of about 65%, 52% and 42%. We show that virtually all of the total uncertainty is attributable to the uncertainty in the future Earth system's response to the anthropogenic perturbation. We conclude that the uncertainty in emission estimates can be neglected for global temperature projections in the face of the large uncertainty in the Earth system response to the forcing of emissions. We show that this result does not hold for all variables of the climate system, such as the atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 and the radiative forcing of tropospheric ozone, that have an emissions-induced uncertainty representing more than 40% of the uncertainty in the Earth system's response.
Published: 2018

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