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The Hippo signaling pathway extorts several signals that concomitantly target the activity of transcriptional cofactor yes associated protein (YAP). YAP is a key regulator that elicits signature gene expression by coupling with transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) family of transcriptional factors. The YAP‐TEAD complex via target gene expression gets associated with the development, proliferation, and progression of cancerous cells. Moreover, YAP adorns cells with several oncogenic traits such as inhibition of apoptosis, enhanced proliferation, drug resistance, and immune response suppression, which later became associated with various diseases, particularly cancer. Therefore, inhibition of the YAP activity is an appealing and viable therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review highlights the recent advances in existing and novel synthetic therapeutics targeting YAP inhibition and regulation. The synthetically produced YAPD93A belonging to cyclic peptides and DC‐TEADin02 and vinyl sulfonamide class of compounds are the most potent compounds to inhibit the YAP‐TEAD expression by targeting protein‐protein interaction (IC50 = 25 nM) and palmitate binding central pocket of TEAD (IC50 = 197 nM), respectively. On the other hand, Chlorpromazine belonging to phenothiazines class has the least potential to suppress YAP via proteasomal degradation (cell viability value of <20% at 40 µM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy generating capability of a Photovoltaic (PV) system depends on the environmental conditions and the variations in the load connected to it. The performance of controller used for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) can improve the efficiency of the PV system. PV array is a nonlinear system, so a nonlinear controller is more suitable for MPPT applications. However, the performance of nonlinear controllers completely depend upon the nonlinear model of the system under consideration. Since all the real world systems are subjected to vary with time, it is not feasible to dynamically remodel the system as well as the controller all the time. These variations introduce steady state error in the output which degrades the efficiency of the controller. To reduce this error, a nonlinear Backstepping controller with integral action has been proposed to improve the performance of recently proposed Backstepping controller for MPPT. The study uses a regression plane to generate the reference peak power voltage for MPPT using non inverting DC – DC Buckboost converter. Global Asymptotic stability of the whole system has been proved using Lyapunov stability criteria. MATLAB/Simulink is used to test the performance of the proposed controller under varying irradiance and temperature conditions. To further validate its performance, we have compared it with modified Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, nonlinear Backstepping controller and Fuzzy Logic Based nonlinear controller under rapidly varying environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photovoltaic (PV) system generates energy that varies with the variation in environmental conditions such as temperature and solar radiation. To cope up with the ever increasing demand of energy, the PV system must operate at maximum power point (MPP), which changes with load as well as weather conditions. This paper proposes a nonlinear backstepping controller to harvest maximum power from a PV array using DC-DC buck converter. A regression plane is formulated after collecting the data of the PV array from its characteristic curves to provide the reference voltage to track MPP. Asymptotic stability of the system is proved using Lyapunov stability criteria. The simulation results validate the rapid tracking and efficient performance of the controller. For further validation of the results, it also provides a comparison of the proposed controller with conventional perturb and observe (P&O) and fuzzy logic-based controller (FLBC) under abrupt changes in environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have fabricated, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites for NO2 gas sensing. The rGO-coated PMMA beads and MWCNTs were incorporated into the TPU matrix in different concentrations by melt mixing. The characterization was done to confirm the preparation of the nanocomposites. The rGO-coated PMMA-TPU nanocomposites exhibit excellent electrical conductivities and efficient NO2 gas sensing. The developed sensor can sense NO2 at room temperature with the highest response time of 19 s and an average response time of 23.67 s. The sensor is recovered within 31.4 s and has a limit of detection of 9.51 ppm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of bioenergy co-generation with environmental remediation has gone through tectonic paradigm shift with the perspective that wealth and economic activities can be created through biomass utilization and conversion and waste valorization. In this review, the concept of Integrated Algal-Oil Palm Biorefinery as a cost-effective and innovative solution to address the Climate-Energy-Food-Water-Socio/Economy Nexus for sustainable energy production, and developments of bioproducts are elaborated. Different types of oil palm biomass and mill effluent generated are highlighted, and the technologies for environmental remediation with clean/bio-energy co-generation based on biodiesel, bioethanol, biomethane, biohydrogen, bio-oil, and jet biofuel with energy storage and supercapacitors are discussed. The conversion of biomass and effluent into biopolymer, graphene, biocomposites and MXene, and into biochemicals and for biomedical applications are highlighted. The importance of utilizing green and eco-friendly processes is detailed out. Finally, economical integrated algal cultivation within oil palm industrial setting for aquaculture application, with inclusive community development programs based on HEESBA philosophy to meet the agenda of global sustainable development goals is promoted. • Need to address the Climate-Energy-Food-Water-Socio/Economy Nexus for global security • Waste valourization within an Integrated Algal-Oil Palm Biorefinery framework • Circular economy with environmental remediation and bioproduct co-generation • Green solvents and processes for feedstock pretreatment and product development • HEESBA philosophy for inclusive community development and poverty eradication [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]