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1. Metagenomic sequencing at the epicenter of the Nigeria 2018 Lassa fever outbreak

Author

Kafetzopoulou, LE, Pullan, ST, Lemey, P, Suchard, MA, Ehichioya, DU, Pahlmann, M, Thielebein, A, Hinzmann, J, Oestereich, L, Wozniak, DM, Efthymiadis, K, Schachten, D, Koenig, F, Matjeschk, J, Lorenzen, S, Lumley, S, Ighodalo, Y, Adomeh, DI, Olokor, T, Omomoh, E, Omiunu, R, Agbukor, J, Ebo, B, Aiyepada, J, Ebhodaghe, P, Osiemi, B, Ehikhametalor, S, Akhilomen, P, Airende, M, Esumeh, R, Muoebonam, E, Giwa, R, Ekanem, A, Igenegbale, G, Odigie, G, Okonofua, G, Enigbe, R, Oyakhilome, J, Yerumoh, EO, Odia, I, Aire, C, Okonofua, M, Atafo, R, Tobin, E, Asogun, D, Akpede, N, Okokhere, PO, Rafiu, MO, Iraoyah, KO, Iruolagbe, CO, Akhideno, P, Erameh, C, Akpede, G, Isibor, E, Naidoo, D, Hewson, R, Hiscox, JA, Vipond, R, Carroll, MW, Ihekweazu, C, Formenty, P, Okogbenin, S, Ogbaini-Emovon, E, Günther, S, and Duraffour, S

Subjects
Human Genome, Genetics, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Disease Outbreaks, Genome, Viral, Humans, Lassa Fever, Lassa virus, Metagenomics, Molecular Epidemiology, Nigeria, Phylogeny, Zoonoses, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The 2018 Nigerian Lassa fever season saw the largest ever recorded upsurge of cases, raising concerns over the emergence of a strain with increased transmission rate. To understand the molecular epidemiology of this upsurge, we performed, for the first time at the epicenter of an unfolding outbreak, metagenomic nanopore sequencing directly from patient samples, an approach dictated by the highly variable genome of the target pathogen. Genomic data and phylogenetic reconstructions were communicated immediately to Nigerian authorities and the World Health Organization to inform the public health response. Real-time analysis of 36 genomes and subsequent confirmation using all 120 samples sequenced in the country of origin revealed extensive diversity and phylogenetic intermingling with strains from previous years, suggesting independent zoonotic transmission events and thus allaying concerns of an emergent strain or extensive human-to-human transmission.

Published
2019

2. The response to re-emergence of yellow fever in Nigeria, 2017

Author

Nwachukwu, William E., Yusuff, H., Nwangwu, U., Okon, A., Ogunniyi, A., Imuetinyan-Clement, J., Besong, M., Ayo-Ajayi, P., Nikau, J., Baba, A., Dogunro, F., Akintunde, B., Oguntoye, M., Kamaldeen, K., Fakayode, O., Oyebanji, O., Emelife, O., Oteri, J., Aruna, O., Ilori, E., Ojo, O., Mba, N., Nguku, P., and Ihekweazu, C.

Published
2020
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4. A prospective, multi-site, cohort study to estimate incidence of infection and disease due to Lassa fever virus in West African countries (the Enable Lassa research programme)–Study protocol

Author

Jacobsen, C., Momoh, M., DeMarco, J., Annibaldis, G., Ndiaye, A., Nsaibirni, R., Dan-Nwafor, C., Garry, R.F., Happi, C., Verstraeten, T., Ochu, C., Vielle, N.J., Honvou, É.J.J.P., Adegnika, A.A., NFaly, M., Günther, S., Camacho, A., Yadouleton, A., Deha, A.R.E., Okogbenin, S., Olayinka, A., Ogbaini, E., Accrombessi, M., Samuels, R., Wohl, D.A., Duraffour, S., Ihekweazu, C., Yovo, E.K., Adetifa, I., Logbo, É.P.M.A., Penfold, S., Sandi, J.D., Asogun, D., Sibley, J., Ayodeji, O., Kanneh, L., Goba, A., Grais, R., Azuogu, B.N., Fischer, W.A., Grant, D.S., and Schieffelin, J.S.

Abstract

Background Lassa fever (LF), a haemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa fever virus (LASV), is endemic in West Africa and causes 5000 fatalities every year. The true prevalence and incidence rates of LF are unknown as infections are often asymptomatic, clinical presentations are varied, and surveillance systems are not robust. The aim of the Enable Lassa research programme is to estimate the incidences of LASV infection and LF disease in five West African countries. The core protocol described here harmonises key study components, such as eligibility criteria, case definitions, outcome measures, and laboratory tests, which will maximise the comparability of data for between-country analyses. Method We are conducting a prospective cohort study in Benin, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria (three sites), and Sierra Leone from 2020 to 2023, with 24 months of follow-up. Each site will assess the incidence of LASV infection, LF disease, or both. When both incidences are assessed the LASV cohort (nmin = 1000 per site) will be drawn from the LF cohort (nmin = 5000 per site). During recruitment participants will complete questionnaires on household composition, socioeconomic status, demographic characteristics, and LF history, and blood samples will be collected to determine IgG LASV serostatus. LF disease cohort participants will be contacted biweekly to identify acute febrile cases, from whom blood samples will be drawn to test for active LASV infection using RT-PCR. Symptom and treatment data will be abstracted from medical records of LF cases. LF survivors will be followed up after four months to assess sequelae, specifically sensorineural hearing loss. LASV infection cohort participants will be asked for a blood sample every six months to assess LASV serostatus (IgG and IgM). Discussion Data on LASV infection and LF disease incidence in West Africa from this research programme will determine the feasibility of future Phase IIb or III clinical trials for LF vaccine candidates.

Published
2023
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8. Innovations in public health surveillance: updates from a forum convened by the WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence, 2 and 3 February 2022

Author

Morgan, O, Redies, I, Beatriz, Z, Rioja, L, Brownstein, J, George, D, Golding, J, Hanefeld, J, Horby, P, Lee, C, Mikhailov, D, Philip, W, Scarpino, S, Tessema, ST, Ihekweazu, C, and report, Technical contributors to the Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Innovation Forum February meeting and

Subjects
Intelligence, Humans, Public Health Surveillance, Public Health, World Health Organization, Pandemics
Published
2022

9. Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in the UK: clinical and epidemiological findings from the first few hundred (FF100) cases

Author

McLEAN, E., PEBODY, R. G., CAMPBELL, C., CHAMBERLAND, M., HAWKINS, C., NGUYEN-VAN-TAM, J. S., OLIVER, I., SMITH, G. E., IHEKWEAZU, C., BRACEBRIDGE, S., MAGUIRE, H., HARRIS, R., KAFATOS, G., WHITE, P. J., WYNNE-EVANS, E., GREEN, J., MYERS, R., UNDERWOOD, A., DALLMAN, T., WREGHITT, T., ZAMBON, M., ELLIS, J., PHIN, N., SMYTH, B., McMENAMIN, J., and WATSON, J. M.

Published
2010

11. The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

Author

Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, Wilkinson, E, Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, and Wilkinson, E

Abstract

Investment in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing in Africa over the past year has led to a major increase in the number of sequences that have been generated and used to track the pandemic on the continent, a number that now exceeds 100,000 genomes. Our results show an increase in the number of African countries that are able to sequence domestically and highlight that local sequencing enables faster turnaround times and more-regular routine surveillance. Despite limitations of low testing proportions, findings from this genomic surveillance study underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic and illuminate the distinct dispersal dynamics of variants of concern-particularly Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron-on the continent. Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve while the continent faces many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century.

Published
2022

14. Unacceptably high mortality related to measles epidemics in Niger, Nigeria, and Chad

Author

Grais, R.F., Dubray, C., Gerstl, S., Guthmann, J.P., Djibo, A., Nargaye, K.D., Coker, J., Alberti, K.P., Cochet, A., Ihekweazu, C., Nathan, N., Payne, L., Porten, K., Sauvageot, D., Schimmer, B., Fermon, F., Burny, M.E., Hersh, B.S., and Guerin, P.J.

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Measles -- Patient outcomes, Measles -- Distribution, Measles -- Statistics, Mortality -- Chad, Mortality -- Niger, Mortality -- Nigeria, Mortality -- Analysis
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Despite the comprehensive World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) measles mortality-reduction strategy and the Measles Initiative, a partnership of international organizations supporting measles mortality reduction in [...]

Published
2007

17. Laboratory confirmed circulating Influenza virus: Analysis of trend and seasonality in Nigeria from 2008–May 2019

Author

Ahmad, A., primary, Badaru, O., additional, Adebayo, A., additional, Nwando, M., additional, Idowu, O., additional, Ochu, C., additional, Agogo, E., additional, Adewusi, A., additional, Musa, A., additional, Williams, T., additional, Nzussouo, T., additional, Naidood, D., additional, Osigwe, U., additional, and Ihekweazu, C., additional

Published
2020
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18. Reemergence of Yellow Fever in Nigeria 2018: The Anambra state experience

Author

Okoro, O., primary, Owoicho, S., additional, Nwangwu, U., additional, Eloy, E., additional, Yohanna, I., additional, Okedo, C., additional, Uba, N., additional, Dan-Nwafor, C., additional, Balogun, M.S., additional, Balogun, M., additional, Nwachukwu, W., additional, Mba, N., additional, Nguku, P., additional, and Ihekweazu, C., additional

Published
2020
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21. Lassa fever infection among health care workers in Nigeria, 2019

Author

Mba, S., primary, Ukponu, W., additional, Saleh, M., additional, Dan-Nwafor, C., additional, Adekanye, U., additional, Olajide, L., additional, Oyegoke, A., additional, Amao, L., additional, Oparah, O., additional, Ipadeola, O., additional, Agogo, E., additional, Ilori, E., additional, and Ihekweazu, C., additional

Published
2020
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22. Timeliness of public health emergency response: A case study of Ebola virus disease (EVD) scare in Lagos, South-Western Nigeria, 2019

Author

Okoh, A., primary, Abdus-Salam, I.A., additional, Bowale, A., additional, Ogunbode, O., additional, Eteng, W.-E. Obong, additional, Ochu, C., additional, Dalhat, M., additional, Egwuenu, A., additional, Aderinola, O., additional, Ngige, E., additional, Omilabu, S.A., additional, Oladejo, J., additional, Obasanya, J., additional, and Ihekweazu, C., additional

Published
2020
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28. Descriptive epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February–6 June 2020

Author

Elimian, K. O., primary, Ochu, C. L., additional, Ilori, E., additional, Oladejo, J., additional, Igumbor, E., additional, Steinhardt, L., additional, Wagai, J., additional, Arinze, C., additional, Ukponu, W., additional, Obiekea, C., additional, Aderinola, O., additional, Crawford, E., additional, Olayinka, A., additional, Dan-Nwafor, C., additional, Okwor, T., additional, Disu, Y., additional, Yinka-Ogunleye, A., additional, Kanu, N. E., additional, Olawepo, O. A., additional, Aruna, O., additional, Michael, C. A., additional, Dunkwu, L., additional, Ipadeola, O., additional, Naidoo, D., additional, Umeokonkwo, C. D., additional, Matthias, A., additional, Okunromade, O., additional, Badaru, S., additional, Jinadu, A., additional, Ogunbode, O., additional, Egwuenu, A., additional, Jafiya, A., additional, Dalhat, M., additional, Saleh, F., additional, Ebhodaghe, G. B., additional, Ahumibe, A., additional, Yashe, R. U., additional, Atteh, R., additional, Nwachukwu, W. E., additional, Ezeokafor, C., additional, Olaleye, D., additional, Habib, Z., additional, Abdus-Salam, I., additional, Pembi, E., additional, John, D., additional, Okhuarobo, U. J., additional, Assad, H., additional, Gandi, Y., additional, Muhammad, B., additional, Nwagwogu, C., additional, Nwadiuto, I., additional, Sulaiman, K., additional, Iwuji, I., additional, Okeji, A., additional, Thliza, S., additional, Fagbemi, S., additional, Usman, R., additional, Mohammed, A. A., additional, Adeola-Musa, O., additional, Ishaka, M., additional, Aketemo, U., additional, Kamaldeen, K., additional, Obagha, C. E., additional, Akinyode, A. O., additional, Nguku, P., additional, Mba, N., additional, and Ihekweazu, C., additional

Published
2020
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30. Epidemiology and psychosocial assessment of COVID-19 among workersof the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control infected with COVID-19

Author

Fatima Saleh, David Idowu Olatunji, Ehichioya Ofeimun, Evaezi Okpokoro, Emily Crawford, Mahmood Dalhat, Ehimario Igumbor, Sunday Eziechina, Stella Inweregbu, Chinwe Lucia Ochu, and Ihekweazu Chikwe

Subjects
covid-19 pandemic, occupational health, health care workers, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background. COVID-19 is a global health crisis. By 2021, Nigeria had 230,000 cases. As the national public health institute, NCDC leads the COVID-19 response. Due to constant contact with infected patients, agency employees are at high-risk. Here, we describe the transmission and psychosocial effects of COVID-19 among infected NCDC workers as a learning curve for minimizing occupational transmission among frontline public health workers in future outbreaks. Methods. We approved and enrolled all NCDC COVID-19-infected personnel from November to December 2020. We collected data using SurveyMonkey. STATA 14 analyzed the data. Results. 172 of 300 afflicted NCDC staff participated in this study. One-third were between 30 and 39; most were male (104, 60.5%). Most participants worked in the lab (30%) or surveillance (24%). Only 19% (33/172) of participants confirmed pandemic deployment. Most reported interaction with a confirmed case (112/65.1%). Most people (78, 45.3%) felt unhappy when diagnosed. Anger, worry, and low motivation also ranked high (19). The majority reported adequate financial, moral, or psychosocial assistance (26, 70.6%). Conclusions. NCDC staff had a high SARS-CoV-2 infection rate and emotional damage. We urge stricter infection control methods when sending staff for outbreaks response to prevent additional transmission, as well as ongoing psychosocial and economic assistance for afflicted workers.

Published
2023
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36. Large outbreak of verocytotoxin-producingEscherichia coliO157 infection in visitors to a petting farm in South East England, 2009

Author

IHEKWEAZU, C., primary, CARROLL, K., additional, ADAK, B., additional, SMITH, G., additional, PRITCHARD, G. C., additional, GILLESPIE, I. A., additional, VERLANDER, N. Q., additional, HARVEY-VINCE, L., additional, REACHER, M., additional, EDEGHERE, O., additional, SULTAN, B., additional, COOPER, R., additional, MORGAN, G., additional, KINROSS, P. T. N., additional, BOXALL, N. S., additional, IVERSEN, A., additional, and BICKLER, G., additional

Published
2011
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44. Use of antiviral drugs to reduce household transmission of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, United Kingdom.

Author

Pebody RG, Harris R, Kafatos G, Chamberland M, Campbell C, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, McLean E, Andrews N, White PJ, Wynne-Evans E, Green J, Ellis J, Wreghitt T, Bracebridge S, Ihekweazu C, Oliver I, Smith G, Hawkins C, Salmon R, and Smyth B

Abstract

The United Kingdom implemented a containment strategy for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 through administering antiviral agents (AVs) to patients and their close contacts. This observational household cohort study describes the effect of AVs on household transmission. We followed 285 confirmed primary cases in 259 households with 761 contacts. At 2 weeks, the confirmed secondary attack rate (SAR) was 8.1% (62/761) and significantly higher in persons <16 years of age than in those >50 years of age (18.9% vs. 1.2%, p<0.001). Early (<48 hours) treatment of primary case-patients reduced SAR (4.5% vs. 10.6%, p = 0.003). The SAR in child contacts was 33.3% (10/30) when the primary contact was a woman and 2.9% (1/34) when the primary contact was a man (p = 0.010). Of 53 confirmed secondary case-patients, 45 had not received AV prophylaxis. The effectiveness of AV prophylaxis in preventing infection was 92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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45. Expanding Access to the Management of HIV/ AIDS through Physicians in Private Practice: An Exploratory Survey of Knowledge and Practices in Two Nigerian States.

Author

Ihekweazu, C. A. and Starke, D.

Subjects
DISEASE management, HIV infections, AIDS, MEDICAL care, MEDICAL practice, HEALTH education
Abstract

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2005
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46. Lassa virus RNA detection from suspected cases in Nigeria, 2011-2017

Author

Salu Olumuyiwa Babalola, James Ayorinde Babatunde, Orenolu Mercy Remilekun, Anyanwu Roosevelt Amaobichukwu, Abdullah Mariam Abiodun, Idris Jide, Abdus-Salam Ismail Adeshina, Ihekweazu Chikwe, and Omilabu Sunday Aremu

Subjects
lassa virus (lasv), public health burden, viral haemorrhagic fever (vhf), endemicity, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), sensitization and health education, Medicine
Abstract

INTRODUCTION : the diagnosis of Lassa fever is crucial to confirm cases, as well as to control/prevent nosocomial and community-based transmission and initiation of treatment, which is still limited in the country. Thus, we aimed at providing some information on the laboratory detection of Lassa from suspected cases in Nigeria.Methods: this was a retrospective study of seasonal Lassa fever outbreaks data from 1,263 samples analyzed using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) at the Virology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital between year 2011 and 2017. Data were analyzed using the 21st edition of SPSS statistical software (2015).Results: the RT-PCR test confirmed the presence of Lassa in 112 (8.9%) comprising 61 (54.4%) males, 48 (42.9%) females and 3 (2.7%) individuals without gender information. Those aged between 18 and 49 years were mostly affected. There was a decline in the detection of Lassa from 4.7% in 2011/2012 to less than 1% by the 2014/2015. However, during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons the detection rates increased to 10.4% and 15.1% respectively. The Northern region of Nigeria reported high confirmed cases of Lassa. The South Western region also witnessed an increased Lassa fever positivity rate of 13.4% of which Lagos and Ogun states being the focal state of Lassa activity in the region.Conclusion: these established the need for heightening the continued surveillance for lassa as well as the establishment of other testing facilities within these endemic regions for prompt diagnosis of lassa fever.

Published
2019
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47. User Evaluation Indicates High Quality of the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) After Field Deployment in Nigeria in 2015 and 2018

Author

Tom-Aba, D., Toikkanen, S. E., Stephan Glöckner, Adeoye, O., Mall, S., Fähnrich, C., Denecke, K., Benzler, J., Kirchner, G., Schwarz, N., Poggensee, G., Silenou, B. C., Ameh, C. A., Nguku, P., Olubunmi, O., Ihekweazu, C., and Krause, G.

Subjects
open source, mHealth, systematic evaluation, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, outbreak response, infectious disease, Africa, eHealth, medical and health informatics, ddc:610, disease surveillance, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Abstract

During the West African Ebola virus disease outbreak in 2014–15, health agencies had severe challenges with case notification and contact tracing. To overcome these, we developed the Surveillance, Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS). The objective of this study was to measure perceived quality of SORMAS and its change over time. We ran a 4-week-pilot and 8-week-implementation of SORMAS among hospital informants in Kano state, Nigeria in 2015 and 2018 respectively. We carried out surveys after the pilot and implementation asking about usefulness and acceptability. We calculated the proportions of users per answer together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) and compared whether the 2015 response distributions differed from those from 2018. Total of 31 and 74 hospital informants participated in the survey in 2015 and 2018, respectively. In 2018, 94% (CI: 89–100%) of users indicated that the tool was useful, 92% (CI: 86–98%) would recommend SORMAS to colleagues and 18% (CI: 10–28%) had login difficulties. In 2015, the proportions were 74% (CI: 59–90%), 90% (CI: 80–100%), and 87% (CI: 75–99%) respectively. Results indicate high usefulness and acceptability of SORMAS. We recommend mHealth tools to be evaluated to allow repeated measurements and comparisons between different versions and users.

50. Development and Implementation of a Public Health Event Management System, Nigeria, 2018-2024.

Author

Elston J, Eteng WO, Ihekweazu C, Oliver I, Aniaku E, Abubakar A, Lee CT, Benyeogor E, Roddick I, Logan S, Okereke E, Inamdar L, Aruna O, Luka-Lawal R, Manthey C, Hinkle L, Nunez G, Agogo E, Usman R, Sunday EL, Hassan M, Oladejo J, and Adetifa I

Subjects
Nigeria epidemiology, Humans, Software, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Public Health Surveillance, Population Surveillance, Public Health
Abstract

Event management systems (EMS) are key tools for epidemic intelligence, integrating surveillance signals and incident response, although international standards to inform development are lacking. We describe the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) SITAware, a software capable of operating with low internet bandwidth to generate notifications, reports, and spatiotemporal dashboards and provide event-level data for real-time accountability and postevent learning. SITAware was enabled by local institutional ownership, co-created at low cost, and integrated into existing workflows. In 2022, SITAware was used to manage ≈300 incidents, and NCDC implemented it subnationally. NCDC's experience may inform EMS development and implementation in similar settings.

Published
2025
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