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The majority of state-owned entities (SoEs) have experienced organizational cancer for nearly three decades without showing any signs of improvement. Academicians generally agree that organizational politics are to blame for the ongoing energy-generating dilemma that has plagued rising nations. Worldwide, economies rely heavily on electricity as an energy source, to the point where they would not function or even survive without it. To reduce unfavorable political behavior, this study examines organizational politics at the Zimbabwe Supply Authority, a SoE in charge of energy production. A sample of 1400 individuals were chosen at random from a population of 2210 staff who members participated in the study using a quantitative research approach to collect data. By the deadline, 358 completed questionnaires had been returned; however, 11 of them were rejected because they had been wrongly filled out. The data were analyzed using the statistical tool SPSS 21.0 for Windows. To ensure that the samples were adequate for factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy and the Bartlett's Test of sphericity were applied to the data before exploratory factor analysis could be conducted on them (Field, 2007:619). The results of the study showed that bad political behavior and ineffective managerial leadership techniques had a detrimental impact on the power generation crisis. According to the report, managers should receive training on modern managerial leadership behavior, managerial methods for behavior modification, and improved communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the study of the semantic transformation of terminological units for migration law. The question of standardization of national terminology, as well as inter- and intra-linguistic harmonization and unification of migration units is raised and substantiated. It is noted that changes in English terminology cause difficulties in national terminology due to, on the one hand, the need to find the most accurate and correct equivalent of the unit of the source language, and on the other – differences in the semantic volume of units of different languages. The article considers English terms for migrants: illegal migrant, irregular migrant, undocumented migrant. Analysis of international normative and advisory documents, as well as data from lexicographic sources of English and Ukrainian languages allow the authors to provide recommendations for the use of the Ukrainian equivalent to these terms – мігрант із неврегульованим статусом. At the same time, the authors note that the current Ukrainian legal documents operate on the term нелегальний мігрант, despite the long-standing recommendations of the Council of Europe and the UN to replace the term illegal migrant in national legislation with irregular migrant or undocumented migrant.

This article deals with the study of the semantic transformation of terminological units for migration law. The question of standardization of national terminology, as well as inter- and intra-linguistic harmonization and unification of migration units is raised and substantiated. It is noted that changes in English terminology cause difficulties in national terminology due to, on the one hand, the need to find the most accurate and correct equivalent of the unit of the source language, and on the other - differences in the semantic volume of units of different languages. The article considers English terms for migrants: illegal migrant, irregular migrant, undocumented migrant. Analysis of international normative and advisory documents, as well as data from lexicographic sources of English and Ukrainian languages allow the authors to provide recommendations for the use of the Ukrainian equivalent to these terms - мігрант із неврегульованим статусом. At the same time, the authors note that the current Ukrainian legal documents operate on the term нелегальний мігрант, despite the long-standing recommendations of the Council of Europe and the UN to replace the term illegal migrant in national legislation with irregular migrant or undocumented migrant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frostbite is becoming more prevalent within the homeless, mentally ill and substance abusing subgroup. However; our objective is to evaluate the clinical presentation, treatment and consequences of frostbite seen in a different population-irregular migrants captured at Eastern Border of Turkey. In addition, up to date approach to frostbite injury is reviewed. Data extraction was done retrospectively from 40 patients' admission to hospital from 26 January till 25 February 2020. Each patient was assigned with the grade of the most severe frostbite lesion detected at the admission. Clinical pictures were captured for the follow up of demarcation at each dressing change. Multidisciplinary treatment mo dality was summarized. 38 patients were included. Within the population dominated mainly by male young adults, 74% of the patients presented with Grade 3-4 severity whereas 26% were assigned with Grade 1-2 frostbites. Majority of the frostbitten areas wer e confined to lower extremities. Assigned frostbite gradings at the admission didn't deflect within the hospitalization period apart from 3 patients worsening towards grade 4 following fasciotomy. Frostbite injury has detrimental outcomes if not recognized and treated in a timely manner. If not, the likelihood of receiving amputations significantly increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2016, the international community, in reaction to the growing number of 'tragedies' occurring as people attempted to move across borders, met to discuss large movements of refugees and migrants. The outcome of this meeting was an agreement to negotiate two Global Compacts, one on refugees and one on migrants, with the aim of facilitating 'orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people'. This article explores how responsibility in the Global Compact on Migrant is expressive of a changed way of 'doing' migration. The language of 'responsibility' raises questions about how the international community views international migration and, by extension, prepares the ground for policy and practice on international migration. Taking a genealogical, jurisprudential approach, we follow the logic which brings migration, development and human rights language together to construct a new subjectivity: that of the 'responsible' migrant. The migrant human will be a rights-bearer because they will contribute to development in particular gendered ways. We argue that assuming a narrow understanding of responsibility misses expressive dynamics in the normalizing of international migration within a new framing to inform international law making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection of asylum seeker and Illegal migrants human rights, has often been difficult due to the need of states to regulate unwanted migration flows. European Court of Human Rights plays an important role in protecting the rights of these individuals, through a set of human rights. Requests for interim measures under Rule 39 of the Rules of Court also have great importance. In cases involving illegal migrants and asylum-seekers, Court was often in difficult position, given the contradictions that could arise from the protection of human rights and the legitimate aim of the Contracting States to control the entry, residence and expulsion of aliens. Recent Courts judgment in case of M. S. S. against Belgium is particularly important, because of its remarkable influence on the perception of a common asylum system in the EU, as well as the judgment in the case of Jama Hirsi and Others v. Italy.

This paper analyzes a corpus of films that represent various journeys of illegal migrants. It focuses specifically on the role of the illegal migrant on the border, understood as both a place and a metaphor. After critically examining the notion of border, it explores the recurring characters in this particular cinematography: the illegal migrant who experiences the border, the Western man in crisis who is regenerated through contact with the Other, the immigration authority whose own stance towards the suffering of illegal migrants is questioned.

Within a wide range of various methods of influence aimed at combating illegal migration, a special task is allocated to the administrative coercion measures. They have proved to be a universal response to this problem which has become pretty widespread. The statutory procedure for the application and enforced reinstatement by the State border control bodies of the state which has been breached by illegal migration is insufficiently explored, given its ambiguous legal nature. The article aims at determining the purpose and the current state of the procedural rules within the general system of provisions aimed at combating illegal migration, and also the practice of their implementation in the context of the State border control. In the article the author uses the data of the Administration of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine for the period 2013--2017 about the number of decisions on forced return issued by the State border control bodies and decisions of administrative courts based on the claims filed by these bodies for forced expulsion of foreigners and stateless persons, as well as on the number of persons who left the country in compliance with these decisions. The article analyzes the national court practice with regard to this category of cases with a focus on dismissed claims of the State border control bodies, and separate positions of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the application of coercive measures to migrants. It is established that while exercising their official operational activities, the state bodies authorized to guard the State border of Ukraine make a decision on forced return of foreigners and stateless persons who are detained within the controlled border areas during an attempt or after illegal crossing of the State border; this decision is also made for the purpose of filing a claim to an administrative court for forced expulsion of such persons from Ukraine. Accordingly, the number of such decisions is on average twice the number of court decisions on forced expulsion. The author makes a conclusion that officials of the State border control bodies should be granted the powers to decide whether to apply forced return or to file a claim to an administrative court for forced expulsion of an illegal migrant. Accordingly, administrative courts should be directed to make decisions in this category of cases based on the assessment of whether a migrant stays in the country lawfully. When the State border control bodies apply forced return or initiate expulsion of foreigners or stateless persons in such cases, these are powers of discretionary type under administrative jurisdiction with separate elements of control and supervision. While implementing the decisions on forced expulsion, the staff of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, along with the general tasks of escorting an illegal migrant which are typical for other authorized bodies, also solve specific tasks, the purpose of which is to ensure that an alien or a stateless person crosses the border. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]