207 results on '"Immission"'
Search Results
2. Investigation of the location of an immission measuring point in an urban environment.
- Author
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Tóth-Nagy, Georgina and Németh, Fruzsina
- Subjects
EMISSIONS (Air pollution) ,AIR pollution ,AIR quality monitoring ,AIR quality ,INDUSTRIAL energy consumption - Abstract
Life could not exist on Earth without air; this is why its protection is so important. However, air pollution has been known since ancient times, nowadays pollutants from anthropogenic sources occur in much higher quantities. Previously, the primary emission sources were factories due to the industrial revolution, then the development of transportation and the presence of internal-combustion engines made air pollution a major issue. Therefore, more and more efforts have been made over the last decades to reduce the emissions of air pollutants in the industrial sector and the everyday life of the population. Because of this, it is essential to know the factors influencing the air quality of the settlement and to monitor the pollutants properly. Therefore, within the framework of the research work, we examined the possibilities of placing an immission measuring point. To do that, we needed to explore the most important characteristics of the town. Therefore, we examined its structure, meteorological and climatic factors, which fundamentally affect the air quality. We made immission maps using a Geographical Information Program (QGIS) based on the received data. Finally, based on the results, we examined the possibilities of placing an immission measuring station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Immission and Dry Deposition
- Author
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Trebs, Ivonne, Ammann, Christof, Junk, Jürgen, and Foken, Thomas, editor
- Published
- 2021
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4. CUANTIFICACIÓN DEL DIÓXIDO DE AZUFRE EN AIRE AMBIENTAL EN ZONA DE PROTECCIÓN SANITARIA DE UNA RECAPADORA DE NEUMÁTICOS.
- Author
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Alvarez Cruz, Arianna, Morales Pérez, Mayra Caridad, González Rivero, Rosa Amalia, and Núñez Caraballo, Vladimir
- Subjects
- *
AIR pollutants , *SULFUR dioxide , *FOSSIL fuels , *ENERGY consumption , *TIRE retreading & recapping , *EMISSIONS (Air pollution) , *AIR pollution , *PETROLEUM as fuel , *AIR quality , *RUBBER industry - Abstract
Introduction: The emissions of pollutant gases into the atmosphere from steam generation systems are determined by the type and composition of the fuel. High sulfur fuel oil is responsible for sulfur dioxide emissions. It is necessary to know the impact on air quality of this pollutant from a stationary source, such as a recapping industry, in the sanitary hygienic radius. Objective: To quantify the sulfur dioxide generated in a tire recapping plant by means of emission and immission measurements in the hygienic-sanitary area of the same. Materials and Methods: A methodology was developed that includes the inventory of SO2 emissions as a function of fuel consumption for steam generation, dispersion modeling and immission assessment by low-cost sensor monitoring. Results and Discussion: The results evidence that SO2 in ambient air determined by emission modeling and monitored with low-cost sensors are similar and do not exceed the established limit value. Conclusions: The results of SO2 concentration evaluated with emission and immission measurements, show that it is the recapping industry the main source contributing to the air quality by the effect of this pollutant and in this study it is acceptable. In addition, the similarity of the immission values and the emission modeling justify the feasibility of using low-cost sensors to measure air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
5. Abgasemissionen von Dieselmotoren
- Author
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Tschöke, Helmut, Tschöke, Helmut, editor, Mollenhauer, Klaus, editor, and Maier, Rudolf, editor
- Published
- 2018
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6. Az egyéni munkacélú személygépkocsi-közlekedés COVID-19 járvány következtében történő változásának néhány környezeti aspektusa Budapesten.
- Author
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VIKTOR, VARJÚ, ORSOLYA, FARKAS, ZSOLT, FARKAS JENŐ, and CSABA, VÉR
- Published
- 2020
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7. NO2-immission assessment for an urban hot-spot by modelling the emission–immission interaction
- Author
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Steinhaus, Tim, Thiem, Mikula, and Beidl, Christian
- Published
- 2021
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8. EVALUATION OF THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT INFLUENCE ON POLLUTION OF SNOW COVER USING GEOINFORMATION AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
- Author
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I. D. Korlyakov and N. E. Kosheleva
- Subjects
urban development ,pollution ,immission ,heavy metals and metalloids ,snow cover ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The influence of urban development parameters on the pollution of snow with heavy metals and metalloids (HMM) has been assessed.The aim of the work is to assess the barrier functions of urban development by means of a joint analysis of data on the content of HMM in the snow cover and the parameters of the artificial relief. The residential area of the Ulan-Ude city was chosen as an object of the study, where 27 snow samples were selected. According to the data of the snow survey in 2014, the total content of HMM in the snow suspension was determined, the priority pollutants of the snow were received and the total indicator of immission at the sampling points was calculated. Data processing in the OpenStreetMap, 2GIS, ArcGis 10.0 and Statistica 7.0 software packages made it possible to determine the main parameters of the buildings near the sampling points. Correlation analysis has shown a significant influence of building parameters on the HMM immission in the snow cover. With an increase in the total and average building area, proximity of buildings to the sampling point, an increase in the immission of most or all HMMs has been observed. The height of houses is a secondary factor which positively affects the immission of Cu and Bi. The maximum correlation links are established in radii of 50, 100 and 150 m. The parameters of development affect the total precipitation of pollutants both in all cardinal directions, and in the south-western, northeast, southeast directions, which can be explained by the wind regime features during the winter season.
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- 2017
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9. Evaluation Concept and Testing Method for Heavy Metal Contaminant Transport in the Underground
- Author
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Azzam, Rafig, Lambarki, Mouad, Bhattacharji, S., editor, Neugebauer, H.J., editor, Reitner, J., editor, Stüwe, K., editor, Friedman, G.M., editor, Seilacher, A., editor, Hack, Robert, editor, Azzam, Rafig, editor, and Charlier, Robert, editor
- Published
- 2004
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10. Applying Ad-Hoc Relaying to Improve Capacity, Energy Efficiency, and Immission in Infrastructure-Based WLANs
- Author
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Kubisch, Martin, Mengesha, Seble, Hollos, Daniel, Karl, Holger, Wolisz, Adam, Brauer, W., editor, Irmscher, Klaus, editor, and Fähnrich, Klaus-Peter, editor
- Published
- 2003
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11. ZERO STATE OF AIR QUALITY IN THE AREA OF FUTURE FACTORY R-S SILICON IN MRKONJIĆ GRAD.
- Author
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Dušica, Pešević and Nebojša, Knežević
- Subjects
- *
AIR quality , *SILICON , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *WASTE gases , *CARBON monoxide - Abstract
Air quality measurement was conducted in the vicinity of the industrial plot that belongs to RS Silicon LLC Mrkonjić Grad where a plant for the production of the silicon metal is constructed, during the period January - December 2015; this air quality measurement comprised the immissions concentrations of CO, SO2, NO2 and total suspended particles (TSP), while simultaneously measuring wind speed and direction. The factory for Si-metal production will generate direct and indirect environmental impacts, especially on air. Generally, the largest environmental impact during operation of the factory will be reflected in the emission of a large quantity of waste gases. This document shows air pollution measurement results which represent the zero state, it is to say a basis for further assessment of air quality after the commissioning of subject factory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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12. DETERMINATION OF BENZENE CONCENTRATIONS AS AN INDICATOR OF AIR QUALITY NEAR COKE PLANTS ARCELLOR MITTAL ZENICA AND GLOBAL ISPAT COKE INDUSTRY LUKAVAC.
- Author
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Đozić, A., Selimbašić, V., Stuhli, V., Zohorović, M., and Alić, N.
- Abstract
Determinations of immission concentration of benzene were carried out at 4 sites in area near the coke plant in Arcellor Mittal Zenica (AMZ) and 4 sites in the industrial complex of Global Ispat Coke Industry Lukavac (GIKIL). Measurements were performed in AMZ in order to determine the air quality and to determine a possible cause of the high concentration of benzene at the automatic measuring station in Tetovo (AMS Tetovo), in GIKIL to determine the possible source of emissions and to compare the results. To measure the concentration of benzene GASMET DX4030 portable gas analyzer was used with a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, the measurement range of 0,01 ppm to 200 ppm. Positions of sampling sites were selected in relation to the nearest populated area, and based on the wind rose. On location AMZ at the sampling site SZ1 an average concentration of benzene was 44,47 μg/m³ and the maximum measured 139,2 μg/m³. The sampling site SZ2 was the nearest to the coke plant, the average benzene concentration was 117,28 μg/m³ and the maximum measured 243,60 μg/m³. At the sampling site SZ3 the average concentration of benzene was 99,69 μg/m3 and the maximum 313,20 μg/m³. The sampling site SZ4 was located north-east of the coke plant, the average measured concentration of benzene was 108,13 μg/m3 while the highest concentration was 278,40 μg/m³. On location GIKIL, at the sampling site SL4 the highest concentration of benzene of 5000 μg/m3 and the lowest of 1450,10 μg/m3 at the SL4 were measured. At the AMS Tetovo, in the period of measurement, the average benzene concentration was 1,62 μg/m³, and the highest value was 2,50 μg/m³. On the basis of the measurements it can be concluded that air quality in the immediate vicinity of the coke plant does not meet clean air quality with regard to the content of benzene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
13. Metal uptake of Nerium oleander from aerial and underground organs and its use as a biomonitoring tool for airborne metallic pollution in cities.
- Author
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Vázquez, S., Martín, A., García, M, Español, C., and Navarro, E.
- Subjects
OLEANDER ,HEAVY metal toxicology ,BIOACCUMULATION in plants ,IRRIGATION ,SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
The analysis of the airborne particulate matter-PM-incorporated to plant leaves may be informative of the air pollution in the surroundings, allowing their use as biomonitoring tools. Regarding metals, their accumulation in leaves can be the result of both atmospheric incorporation of metallic PM on aboveground plant organs and root uptake of soluble metals. In this study, the use of Nerium oleander leaves as a biomonitoring tool for metallic airborne pollution has been assessed. The metal uptake in N. oleander was assessed as follows: (a) for radicular uptake by irrigation with airborne metals as Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, Ce and Zn (alone and in mixture) and (b) for direct leave exposure to urban PM. Plants showed a high resistance against the toxicity of metals under both single and multiple metal exposures. Except for Zn, the low values of translocation and bioaccumulation factors confirmed the excluder behaviour of N. oleander with respect to the metals provided by the irrigation. For metal uptake from airborne pollution, young plants grown under controlled conditions were deployed during 42 days in locations of the city of Zaragoza (700,000 h, NE Spain), differing in their level of traffic density. Samples of PM2.5 particles and the leaves of N. oleander were simultaneously collected weekly. High correlations in Pb concentrations were found between leaves and PM2.5; in a lesser extent, correlations were also found for Fe, Zn and Ti. Scanning electron microscopy showed the capture of airborne pollution particles in the large and abundant substomatal chambers of N. oleander leaves. Altogether, results indicate that N. Oleander, as a metal resistant plant by metal exclusion, is a suitable candidate as a biomonitoring tool for airborne metal pollution in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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14. ANALYSIS OF CO2 CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION INSIDE AND OUTSIDE SMALL BOILER PLANTS.
- Author
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CICHOWICZ, Robert, WIELGOSIŃSKI, Grzegorz, and TARGASZEWSKA, Agata
- Subjects
CARBON dioxide ,CARBON compounds ,OXIDES ,LOW temperatures ,STEAM generators - Abstract
Analysis of the distribution of CO
2 concentrations was performed for a water-and-steam boiler plant located in a detached building supplying thermal energy to a hospital. The boiler plant was equipped with two low-temperature boilers and one high-temperature steam boiler. The maximum thermal energy demand of the hospital was 4280, 3500 kW of which came from the hot-water boilers and the remaining 780 kW from the steam boiler. Due to the operating system there were no permanent job positions in the boiler plant. Servicing consisted only in the supervision, periodic adjustment and maintenance of the equipment. These kinds of working conditions release the employer from the necessity to perform tests and measurements of working conditions in such a building. On the other hand, continuous measurements are made because of the installation safety and emissions of pollutants into the environment. The article presents results of the measurements and analysis of the distribution of CO2 concentrations inside and outside a small boiler plant, due to which it was found that the level of carbon dioxide concentration did not depend on the ambient air temperature. The resulting values are similar regardless of whether the measurements were taken in December 2012 or April 2013. However, there is an evident impact of seasons on the concentrations in the indoor air associated primarily with the demand for heat during the given period, the stay of people in the workplace and the number of working devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Effect Of Urban Traffic On The Immission Of Carbon Dioxide In The University Campus.
- Author
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Cichowicz, Robert and Wielgosiński, Grzegorz
- Subjects
AIR quality ,CITY traffic ,CARBON dioxide & the environment ,COLLEGE campuses ,SCIENTIFIC communication ,ECOLOGY ,ENVIRONMENTAL research - Abstract
Copyright of Ecological Chemistry & Engineering S / Chemia i Inzynieria Ekologiczna S is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. MONITORING OF GASEMONITORING OF GASES IMMISSION AND PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION IN THE ROVINARI AREA S IMMISSION AND PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION IN THE ROVINARI AREA.
- Author
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Schiopu, Emil Catalin, Popa, Roxana Gabriela, Mitran, Ramona Violeta, and Gheorghe, Gamaneci
- Subjects
- *
PARTICULATE matter , *SULFUR dioxide , *NITROGEN dioxide , *CARBON monoxide , *EMISSION control , *AIR quality monitoring - Abstract
The paper presents measurements and interpretations of some indicators: particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide in the city area Rovinari. Measurements were permormed during 2012 year by the automatic station for the monitoring of air quality. This automatic station being in to function at the end of the year 2011. The main sources of air pollution in the Rovinari area are represented by the Rovinari thermal power plant and its coal deposits, coal deposit of Rosia quarries and Beterega slag and ash deposit. Interpretation of the results was performed in according with the maximum limits permissible of concentrations of ambient air quality established in Law no 104/2011. The interpretation of the results found that only sulfur dioxide and particulate matter limit values have been exceeded allowable established by the Law no 104/1011 (Air Quality Act) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
17. DEVELOPMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE VICINITY OF IRON ORE WORKS IN NIž0NA SLANA (SLOVAKIA).
- Author
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Hančuľák, Jozef, Fedorová, Erika, Šestinová, Ol'ga, Špaldon, Tomislav, and Remiášová, Jarmila
- Subjects
- *
ATMOSPHERIC deposition , *RAINFALL , *METEOROLOGICAL precipitation , *AIR pollution , *PRECIPITATION scavenging - Abstract
The contribution deals with the evaluation of atmospheric deposition monitoring by the modified bulk deposition methodology (wet and dry), which was focused on selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As). The long-time monitoring (2001-2010) was realised in the vicinity of siderite mining and processing plant. The works operated until august 2008. The samples were monitored by means of 17 sites located maximally up to 8 km from main source of pollution. Besides the deposition fluxes of heavy metals, mineralogical composition, dispersion and size characteristics of solid particles were studied in selected samples. Minerals, such as magnetite + maghemite, hematite and siderite, which surely come from from the technology works were predominantly contained in the samples. The volume contents of solid particles with diameter under 10 [im were about 20 %, nanoparticles were found too. High values of the deposition fluxes of arsenic, manganese and iron were measured in the years 2001 - 2008 compared with different regions. The highest values of deposition fluxes were detected at sampling sites located to the south of the source in the central valley in the direction of wind flow. The dependency between emissions of solid pollutants in the particular years and deposition fluxes of these metals was observed. After shutdown in the plant, the decrease of values at the most contaminated sites of deposition of arsenic, manganese and iron by more than 90% was recorded. Such a major change has not been established for other studied metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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18. Uciążliwość zapachowa związana z rekultywacją Jeziora Kortowskiego metodą selektywnego odprowadzania wody z hypolimnionu.
- Author
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Wysocka, Izabela, Brudniak, Andrzej, and Kowalczyk, Jakub
- Abstract
Results of analysis of air quality around the receiver of hypolimnetic discharge demonstrate that such corrective measures take place at the expense of air pollution. Lake Kortowskie (Olsztyn, Poland) restoration is being carried out by selective hypolimnetic water withdrawal through a pipeline to Kortowka river, the receiver of the lake water. This is the reason why olfactometric studies were undertaken to evaluate the impact of lake restoration on the odor nuisance related to the use of this method. The analyses demonstrated that the odorant (e.g. hydrogen sulflde) concentration (immission) in the air just at the river outlet was subject to strong fluctuations. However, it always exceeded 200 ouE/m
3 . The highest concentration recorded at this site reached almost 40,000 ouE/m3 . As the distance from the pipeline outlet increased, the immission usually decreased, until no odor could be detected. However, the odor was still detectable for about 500 m along the course of the river. Further studies are being carried out in order to determine the 'odor hours' and produce an odor map for the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
19. Changes in the pollution of Lodz voivodship rainwater as a result of changes in pollutant immissions
- Author
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Grzegorz Wielgosiński and Justyna Czerwińska
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Pollution ,lcsh:HD45-45.2 ,Environmental Engineering ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Environmental engineering ,rainwater pollution ,air quality ,Rainwater harvesting ,emission ,lcsh:Technology (General) ,lcsh:T1-995 ,Environmental science ,lcsh:Technological innovations. Automation ,immission ,Energy (miscellaneous) ,media_common - Abstract
Increasing urbanization rates, particularly in cities, cause an increase in pollutant emissions into the environment. Immission of pollutants is the amount of particulate or gaseous pollutants that is received by the environment. Natural precipitation, i.e. rainwater, is polluted during the contact with air. As a result of atmospheric precipitation groundwater and soil become polluted. The pollutants also penetrate surface water, causing further contamination. In rainwater that goes to the sewage system, there are pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, slurries, plant protection products and many more. This is largely dependent on the type of management of the catchment, its sanitary condition, and the time and intensity of precipitation. Another important factor is the composition of pollutants emitted into the atmospheric air in each area. The work shows changes in the pollution of rainwater in Lodz Voivodship in the years 2010-2016 and presents analysis of the data collected by the Regional Inspectorate for Environmental Protection. The analysis shows that the state of rainwater is steadily deteriorating which is directly related to air quality.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Konzept und Messungen für ein Smartphonebasiertes Immissions-Monitoring-System
- Author
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Schießl, Sascha, Ta, Tam, Kopacz, Thomas, Heberling, Dirk, Schießl, Sascha, Ta, Tam, Kopacz, Thomas, and Heberling, Dirk
- Abstract
Das Immissions-Monitoring elektromagnetischer Felder gehört zu einem verantwortungsvollen Technikfolgenmanagement beim Betrieb von Mobilfunknetzen. Die Realisierung eines flächendeckenden und kontinuierlichen Monitorings ist jedoch aufgrund des mit herkömmlichen Methoden verbundenen Aufwands nicht möglich. Abhilfe könnte ein Crowdsourcing- basierter Ansatz schaffen, der auf die Erhebung von Messdaten mittels Standard- Smartphones setzt. Der vorliegende Kongressbeitrag beschreibt wie ein derartiges Monitoring- Konzept aussehen kann und welche Herausforderungen es bei einer Umsetzung eines solchen zu meistern gilt. Außerdem werden messtechnische Vergleiche zwischen Smartphone-Messungen und denen eines frequenzselektiven Feldstärkemessgeräts präsentiert. Der klassische Ansatz zur Durchführung von Immissionsmessungen ist der Einsatz von professionellem Messequipment und fachkundigem Personal, was beides mit einem hohen Kosten- und Zeitaufwand verbunden ist. Gleichzeitig ist es nicht möglich zeitlich kontinuierlich und flächendeckend zu messen. Stattdessen wird in der Regel eine begrenzte Anzahl einzelner Messpunkte zu diskreten Zeitpunkten erfasst. Langzeitmesssysteme wie etwa das Automatische Messsystem (AMS) der Bundesnetzagentur [2] liefern zwar Messdaten über 24 Stunden, können aber nicht zuletzt zum Schutz vor Vandalismus nur an nicht allgemein zugänglichen Orten platziert werden, wodurch die Messungen letztlich an weniger relevanten Orten aufgezeichnet werden. Ein innovativer Ansatz zur Lösung dieser Probleme stellt eine Crowdsourcing-basierte Erfassung von Immissionsdaten mithilfe von gewöhnlichen Smartphones dar, wie sie in [3] grob skizziert wurde.
- Published
- 2020
21. Untersuchungen zur korrekten Immissionserfassung von gepulsten Signalen mit dem SRM-3006 am Beispiel von 5G
- Author
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Kopacz, Thomas, Schießl, Sascha, Heberling, Dirk, Bornkessel, Christian, Kopacz, Thomas, Schießl, Sascha, Heberling, Dirk, and Bornkessel, Christian
- Abstract
Hinsichtlich der Entwicklung eines Messverfahrens zur Bestimmung der Immission bei höchster betrieblicher Anlagenauslastung von 5G-Basisstationen ist der SS/PBCH Block (SSB) ein geeigneter Kandidat für eine Hochrechnung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Eignung der verschiedenen Betriebsarten des SRM-3006 hinsichtlich einer korrekten Immissionserfassung von stark gepulsten Signalen anhand eines WLAN-Bakensignals sowie eines gepulsten Sinussignals, das vom Zeitverlauf einen 5G-SSB nachbildet, analysiert und Auswirkungen auf die praktische Messdurchführung beschrieben.
- Published
- 2020
22. Entwicklung und Verifikation eines Mess- und Bewertungsverfahrens der elektromagnetischen Immission durch ITS-G5
- Author
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Schilling, Lisa-Marie, Bornkessel, Christian, Hein, Matthias A., Schilling, Lisa-Marie, Bornkessel, Christian, and Hein, Matthias A.
- Abstract
Immer mehr Bereiche des alltäglichen Lebens werden von drahtlos kommunikationsfähigen elektronischen Geräten beeinflusst, so dass die Relevanz für die persönliche Exposition der Nutzer durch hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder rapide zunimmt. So soll auch der Straßenverkehr stetig weiter automatisiert und per Funk vernetzt werden, indem so genannte intelligente Transportsysteme (ITS) entwickelt werden. Im Rahmen des vernetzten Fahrens sollen Fahrzeuge im Verkehr untereinander, aber auch mit Infrastruktur und weiteren Verkehrsteilnehmern kommunizieren, um Sensor-, Zustands- und Ortsinformationen austauschen zu können. Hierfür wird der Begriff vehicle-to-everything (V2X)- Kommunikation verwendet. Zukünftig wird somit der Straßenverkehr als ein weiterer und erheblicher Teil der Alltagsumgebung von neuen Funktechnologien durchdrungen, die per Konstruktion einen signifikanten zusätzlichen Beitrag zur persönlichen Exposition liefern. Für die technische Umsetzung der V2X-Kommunikation etabliert sich neben der auf Mobilfunk basierenden Funktechnik cellular-V2X (C-V2X) der Kooperation 3rd Generation Partnership Project derzeit in Europa die Kommunikationstechnologie ITS-G5, die auf dem Standard 802.11p [1] des Verbands Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) basiert. Für den europäischen Einsatz wird ITS-G5 durch das europäische Institut für Telekommunikationsnormen (ETSI) spezifiziert und genormt. Ein zuverlässiges und praktikables Verfahren zur Bestimmung der elektromagnetischen Immission durch ITSG5- Geräte existiert allerdings bislang nicht. Um die Exposition der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Verkehrsumgebungen durch die neuen ITS-Funksysteme abschätzen zu können, ist die Entwicklung eines Immissionsmessverfahrens für ITS-G5 dringend erforderlich. Vorliegender Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung eines ITS-G5-spezifischen Mess- und Bewertungsverfahrens unter Verwendung des frequenzselektiven Messgeräts SRM-3006 von Narda STS [2]. Abgesehen von der physikalis
- Published
- 2020
23. SEASONAL VALUES OF THE GASEOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF AIR QUALITY RATINGS IN A RURAL AREA.
- Author
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Olszowski, Tomasz
- Subjects
AIR quality ,AIR pollution monitoring ,RURAL geography ,PARTICULATE matter ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
Copyright of Ecological Chemistry & Engineering S / Chemia i Inzynieria Ekologiczna S is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Atmospheric pollution of Russia's cities: Assessment of emissions and immissions based on statistical data.
- Author
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Bityukova, Victoriya R. and Kasimov, Nikolay S.
- Subjects
- *
AIR pollution potential , *URBAN pollution , *EMISSIONS (Air pollution) , *STATISTICS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *ENVIRONMENTAL risk - Abstract
In Russia, 60 million people live in the cities with high levels of air pollution. Comparative statistical analysis of pollutant emission and immission processes in 1099 cities in the country revealed the role of climate and other environmental factors, fuel mix, and the impact of agglomeration effect on the distribution of pollutants in the cities' atmosphere. In 80% of Russia's cities, air pollution is connected to the levels of anthropogenic emissions; in 5% of the cities, urban pollution levels (pollutants concentration levels according to monitoring (measuring) data) are lower than emissions; and in 15% of the cities, natural conditions amplify the anthropogenic impact. The level of anthropogenic impact in Russia's cities is largely determined by a combination of low efficiency and high power intensity, outdated industrial specialization and inherited transport networks that cannot adequately accommodate current traffic flows. The system of proposed indicators of ecological conditions of the urban environment can be used in assessment of the environmental component of quality of life and its modern processes providing the basis for further ecological and geochemical studies of urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
25. Nutrient stoichiometry in Sphagnum along a nitrogen deposition gradient in highly polluted region of Central-East Europe.
- Author
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Jiroušek, Martin, Hájek, Michal, and Bragazza, Luca
- Subjects
PEAT mosses ,NITROGEN ,PHOSPHORUS ,PLANT nutrients ,STOICHIOMETRY - Abstract
We investigated the variation of N:P and N:K ratio in ombrotrophic Sphagnum plants along a gradient of atmospheric N deposition from 1 to 2.5 g m
−2 year−1 in Central-East Europe. The N:P and N:K ratio in Sphagnum capitula increased significantly along the N deposition gradient. Sphagnum species from the Cuspidata section were characterised by significantly lower ratios at low N deposition. When we compared the observed N:P ratios in Sphagnum plants with the values reported in a previous European-wide study, we found a correspondence in nutrient stoichiometry only for a few bogs: higher P concentration in Sphagnum capitula caused a lower N:P ratio in most of the study bogs so that Sphagnum plants still seem N-limited despite their N saturation. Interaction between summer water table decrease and aerial liming of surrounding forests is proposed as an explanation for this discrepancy. Local forestry practice interacting with climate thus alter N:P stoichiometry of Sphagnum along the N deposition gradient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Investigative monitoring in the context of detecting anthropogenic impact on an epipotamal river.
- Author
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Winkler, S., Zessner, M., Saracevic, E., Ruzicka, K., Fleischmann, N., and Wegricht, U.
- Subjects
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ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring , *WATER quality monitoring stations , *CAMERAS , *WATER quality , *RIVERS , *FOAM - Abstract
In the context of an investigative monitoring programme a monitoring system comprising of a water quality monitoring station and a camera station has been installed and operated for more than one year. The monitoring target was to investigate changes of water quality which can be related to a repeated occurrence of foam, observed at a river stretch downstream the monitoring station. The extent and frequency of foam buildup was recorded by means of the camera station. The analysis of the online data clearly showed that some of the measured parameters can be used as indicators for specific discharges, which from additional targeted investigations could be identified as contributors to the foaming problems. The continuous ammonium measurement could be used to detect nitrification problems of WWTPs discharging upstream of the monitoring station. By combining different data sources (emission data, operative and investigative monitoring data) additional information can be gained, which can be used for a comprehensive data assessment as well as a detailed system analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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27. Electrical discharge machining: Occupational hygienic characterization using emission-based monitoring
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Evertz, Sven, Dott, Wolfgang, and Eisentraeger, Adolf
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ELECTRIC metal-cutting , *INDUSTRIAL safety , *ALIPHATIC compounds , *POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons - Abstract
Abstract: Hazardous potential in industrial environments is normally assessed by means of immission-based sampling and analyses. This approach is not adequate, if effects of specific technical adjustments at machine tools or working processes on hygienic parameters should be assessed. This work has focused on the optimization of a manufacturing process (electrical discharge machining, EDM), with regard to risk reduction assessment. It is based on emission analyses rather than immision analyses. Several technical EDM parameters have been examined for their influence on air-based emissions. Worktools and workpieces used have a strong influence on aliphatic compounds and metals but not on volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylene-benzene and xylene (BTEX)) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air emissions. Increasing the dielectric (mineral oil) level above processing location decreases BTEX, chromium, nickel and PAH emissions. Aliphatic compounds, in contrast, increase in air emissions. EDM current used has a positive relationship with all substances analyzed in air emissions. Indicative immission concentrations, as can be expected under EDM conditions, are estimated in a predictive scenario. The results of this characterization give rise to an important conclusion in that risk assessment so far has been using incorrect parameters: total aliphatic compounds. Maximum level of chromium is reached long before limit values of aliphatic compounds are exceeded. Because of the fact that metals, like chromium, also have a higher hazardous potential, metal analysis should be introduced in future risk assessment. This experimental approach, that captures total emission of the electrical discharge machine, and is not solely based on immission values, has lead to a better understanding of the production process. This information is used to extract recommendations regarding monitoring aspects and protection measures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2006
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28. Modelling and real-time control of the integrated urban wastewater system
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Vanrolleghem, P.A., Benedetti, L., and Meirlaen, J.
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- *
INDUSTRIAL wastes , *MATHEMATICAL models , *WATER quality - Abstract
In the European Union, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) enforces a good ecological and chemical status of all surface waters. In-stream (immission) concentrations and populations need to comply with certain standards. In order to deal with this new legislation, integrated urban water management is an important issue. Real-time control (RTC) is one approach that may be used to improve the performance of the system. Immission-based RTC has been suggested as a proper instrument to help fulfilling the WFD requirements. In order to design and tune an immission-based RTC scheme and to judge the overall effect on the receiving water, an integrated mathematical model of the urban wastewater system is necessary. Several problems are encountered when creating such a model and solutions are discussed in this paper. With this integrated model, an immission-based control strategy is developed for a particular case study and is shown to be able to improve the water quality compared to the uncontrolled case. In the final part, the robustness of this control strategy is tested, as an important additional measure of performance. It can be concluded that there are tools available to help dealing with the operational consequences of the WFD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2005
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29. Analyse der Immissionsstruktur der BTXE-Aromaten und der Rußparameter in Innenstadtbereichen.
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Kath, Horst-Günter and Einax, Jürgen
- Abstract
Copyright of Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2004
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30. Chemie von Quellwässern in bewaldeten Einzugsgebieten des Erzgebirges.
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Nebe, Wolfgang and Abiy, Mengistu
- Abstract
Copyright of Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2002
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31. immission
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Weik, Martin H. and Weik, Martin H.
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- 2001
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32. Grannar emellan
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Michanek, Gabriel and Michanek, Gabriel
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- 2019
33. Le survol d'un bien-fonds par un drone
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Jeandin, Nicolas
- Subjects
Support de données sonores et visuelles ,Zivilluftfahrt ,Gemeinschaftsrecht ,Action négatoire ,Sphère privée ,Mouvement d'avions ,Propriété foncière ,Mise à ban générale ,Immission ,Besitzesschutz ,ddc:346.07 ,Photographie ,Protection de la possession ,Fotografie ,Schweiz ,Robotik ,Suisse(État) ,Bundesrecht ,Eigentumsfreiheitsklage ,Immeuble ,Gerichtliches Verbot ,Droit fédéral ,Responsabilité causale ,Kantonales Recht ,Flugbewegung ,Droit cantonal ,Privatbereich ,Tonbildträger ,Droit communautaire ,Grundstück ,Aviation civile ,Robotique ,Grundeigentum ,Kausalhaftung - Published
- 2019
34. Immissionen in der Landwirtschaft : Eine rechtliche Analyse im Lichte des oö Bau- und Raumordnungsrechts, sowie des zivilen Nachbarrechts
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Gabaraev, Christina
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Flächenwidmungsplan ,Landwirtschaft ,Geruchsbelästigung ,Nachbarrecht ,Oberösterreich ,Baurecht ,Immission ,Raumordnungsrecht ,Geruch ,Immissionen ,Umweltrecht - Abstract
Als Nachbar eines landwirtschaftlichen Betriebes ist man neben Lärm, Erschütterungen und Staubimmissionen auch unangenehmen Geruchsimmissionen ausgesetzt. Sowohl das oberösterreichische Bau- und Raumordnungsrecht, als auch das zivile Nachbarrecht geben dem belästigten Nachbarn unter gewissen Voraussetzungen eine Handhabe gegen Geruchsimmissionen. Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit bietet einen wissenschaftlichen Einblick in die wichtigsten gesetzlichen Abwehrmöglichkeiten gegen landwirtschaftliche Geruchsimmissionen und behandelt deren Effektivität und Eignung. eingereicht von Christina Gabaraev Diplomarbeit Universität Linz 2019
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- 2019
35. Civil-Law liability for immission in the air
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Messner, Aleksandra and Samec Berghaus, Nataša
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pravica do zdravega življenjskega okolja ,prepovedni zahtevek ,odškodnina ,prohibition request ,onesnaženost zraka ,air pollution ,civilnopravno varstvo ,Environment protection ,compensation ,imisije ,Varstvo okolja ,civil-law protection ,the right to a healty environment ,immission ,udc:347.426.6+349.6(043.3) - Abstract
Pravo varstva okolja se kot mlajša pravna panoga razvija šele od začetka 70. let, ko je začela naraščati zavest o škodljivih okoljskih posledicah vse večjega tehnološkega in industrijskega razvoja. Ker imisije zaradi svoje razpršenosti ne poznajo državnih meja, so predmet pravne ureditve številnih mednarodnih in regionalnih dokumentov, podrobneje pa pravno varstvo določajo na njih temelječi nacionalni pravni redi. Na pravno ureditev varstva okolja v Republiki Sloveniji bistveno vplivajo določbe prava EU, ki daje varstvu okolja vse večji pomen in ga skuša s sprejemanjem direktiv približati v vseh državah članicah. Okolje je kot kompleksi pravni pojav varovano tako na področju javnega kot tudi civilnega prava, ki se medsebojno dopolnjujeta in tvorita celovito pravno varstvo. S civilnim pravom se varujejo pravice in interesi posameznikov, prizadetih zaradi nedopustnega onesnaževanja. Slovensko pravo v ta namen ne določa specialne pravne ureditve, ampak se uporabijo splošna pravila stvarnega in obligacijskega prava. V primeru nedopustnih imisij je možno vložiti prepovedne zahtevke po štirih različnih pravnih podlagah, ki se izberejo glede na lažjo dokazljivost v konkretnem primeru. Če hkrati ali neodvisno od prepovednega zahtevka oškodovancu nastane katera izmed pravno priznanih oblik premoženjske ali nepremoženjske škode, je mogoče zahtevati tudi njeno povračilo po splošnih pravilih odškodninskega prava. Posebnosti glede odškodnine pa so določene za primere škode, ki izvira iz opravljanja splošno koristne dejavnosti, za katero je dal dovoljenje pristojni upravni organ. Kljub vse večjim težavam in posledicam, ki jih povzroča onesnažen zrak, pa je sodna praksa s tega področja skromna. Zavest o pomenu čistega okolja in nevarnih posledic onesnaževanja očitno še ni tako visoka, da bi se pogosteje preventivno odločali za prepovedne zahtevke, katerih predpostavke je lažje dokazati. Na onesnaženje se pogosto odzovemo šele po nastanku škode, pri čemer pa je zaradi razpršenosti imisij in zapoznelih posledic predpostavke odškodninske odgovornosti, še zlasti vzročno zvezo, izredno težko dokazati. Poleg tega je odškodnina za škodo, ki nastane posamezniku, pogosto celo nižja od stroškov dolgotrajnega dokazovanja z izvedenci v pravdnem postopku, kar posameznike dodatno odvrača od uveljavljanja svojih pravic. Seštevek več manjših škod pri različnih posameznikih, ki ostanejo nepovrnjene, pa pomeni veliko in nedopustno korist onesnaževalca, ki s svojo dejavnostjo nadalje škoduje tako posameznikom kot tudi okolju samemu. Pogostejše uveljavljanje tudi sicer manjših zahtevkov bi imelo bistveno preventivno vlogo. V ta namen se v slovenski in primerljivih pravnih teorijah, zakonodajah in sodni praksi skuša najti primerne rešitve in postopke, ki bi olajšali težavno dokazovanje prizadetih posameznikov, zlasti z možnostjo kolektivnega uveljavljanja odškodninskih zahtevkov. Environmental law began to develop in the beginning of the seventies. People’s increased consciousness of the harmful environmental consequences of the rapid technological and industrial development prompted the progress of the branch. Due to wide dispersion, immissions reach beyond country borders. As such they are the object of legal regulation of many international and regional documents. In more detail the legal protection is determined by national legal orders based on these documents. Legal regulation of environmental protection in the Republic of Slovenia is significantly influenced by legal provisions of the EU, which tries, by accepting directives, harmonise it in all member states of the EU. Environment is, as a complex legal phenomenon, protected in the field of public law as well as civil law. Both, civil and public law, complement each other and constitute comprehensive legal protection. Civil law protects rights and interests of individuals affected by unacceptable pollution. For this purpose Slovene law does not apply special legal regulation, but uses general rules of the civil law. In the case of inadmissible immissions it is possible to file prohibition claims accordingly with four different legal bases, depending on easier provability in the actual case. If at the same time or independently of the prohibition claim, the injured party encounters some of the legally recognized forms of property or non-property damage, it is possible to claim damages with damage action. The specificities of compensations are determined in the events of damage resulting from a deed of a general beneficial activity, which was permitted by the competent administrative organ. Despite the increased problems of air pollution, the court practice from the field of civil law enforcement of protection against immissions is poor. Awareness of the importance of clean environment and the dangerous consequences of pollution have still not reached high enough level in order to take preventive measures in deciding on prohibition claims with assumptions that would be easily proven. Pollution is often dealt with only after the occurrence of damage. Due to dispersion of immissions and delayed effects it is very hard to prove assumption of liability for damages and, especially, causal link. Furthermore, the indemnity for the damaged party is very often even lower than the expenses of the long-lasting search for proof from experts during the legal procedure. This fact further discourages the injurers to enforce their rights. A sum of several small claims with different individuals that remain uncompensated means a great and inadmissible benefit of the polluter. As a result the polluter continues with his activity and further harms individuals as well as the environment itself. More frequent enforcement of smaller claims would therefore have a preventive role. For this purpose Slovene and other comparable theories of law, legislations and court practices are being searched for appropriate solutions and procedures to facilitate the difficulty of finding proofs for the affected individuals. Especially the possibility of collectively enforcing claims for damages.
- Published
- 2018
36. Uncovering the dependence of maximum particulate and gaseous air pollutant concentrations on wind directions by nonparametric regression
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Hüglin, Christoph, Marti, Adrian, Ruckstuhl, Andreas, Hüglin, Christoph, Marti, Adrian, and Ruckstuhl, Andreas
- Published
- 2018
37. Einflussfaktoren auf kommunales Planungshandeln: Ansatzpunkte zum verbesserten Umgang mit schleichenden Gesundheitsrisiken
- Author
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Baumgart, Sabine, Köckler, Heike, Ritzinger, Anne, Rüdiger, Andrea, Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung - Leibniz-Forum für Raumwissenschaften, Lamker, Christian, Baumgart, Sabine, Köckler, Heike, Ritzinger, Anne, Rüdiger, Andrea, Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung - Leibniz-Forum für Raumwissenschaften, and Lamker, Christian
- Abstract
Planungshandeln steht vor dem Hintergrund räumlicher Entwicklungsstrategien wie Innenentwicklung und Nachverdichtung in Bezug auf Nutzungskonflikte durch Lärmbelastung vor einer schwierigen Herausforderung. Lärm ist eine sehr gesundheitsrelevante Belastung, wirkt aber auch latent, schleichend und langfristig. Der kommunalen Bauleitplanung steht eine Vielzahl von Rechtsvorschriften, Normen und Empfehlungen zur Verfügung. Grundsätzlich ist aber wenig systematisch erforscht, wie kommunales Planungshandeln zum Schutz vor Gewerbelärm erforderlich ist und umgesetzt wird. Insbesondere ist die Frage interessant, welche Einflussfaktoren vor Ort auf die Anwendung und Auslegung von Rechtsvorschriften wirken. Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einer empirischen Untersuchung in deutschen Städten und leitet hin zu einer Systematisierung von Einflussfaktoren und der Identifikation von Ansatzpunkten zur Unterstützung der Rechtsanwendung in den Kommunen. Auf dieser Basis kann eine gesundheitsorientierte Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung gezielt unterstützt werden., Strategies like infill development and densification pose increasingly difficult challenges for planning with regard to noise-related land-use conflicts. Noise is a highly relevant health burden, but also takes effect in a latent, insidious and long-term fashion. Local land-use planning has numerous laws, provisions, standards and recommendations to hand. But there is little systematic research on how municipal planning action for commercial noise protection is developed and implemented. Of special interest is the question of what influencing factors impact the use and adaptation of legal requirements in local practices. This article is based on an empirical study in German cities and leads towards building a system of influencing factors and identifying starting points for supporting the use of legal norms by local municipalities. Against this backdrop, a health-promoting urban development and urban planning strategy can be effectively supported.
- Published
- 2018
38. Einflussfaktoren auf kommunales Planungshandeln: Ansatzpunkte zum verbesserten Umgang mit schleichenden Gesundheitsrisiken
- Author
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Christian Lamker, Andrea Rüdiger, Baumgart, Sabine, Köckler, Heike, Ritzinger, Anne, Rüdiger, Andrea, and Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung - Leibniz-Forum für Raumwissenschaften
- Subjects
health promotion ,Raumplanung und Regionalforschung ,noise pollution ,Federal Republic of Germany ,Immission ,urban planning ,Stadtentwicklung ,immission control ,Risiko ,commercial noise ,ddc:710 ,risk ,Landscaping and area planning ,Bauleitplanung ,Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung ,Area Development Planning, Regional Research ,Gesundheit ,health ,Lärmbelastung ,urban development ,Stadtplanung ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,Gewerbelärm ,Immissionsschutz ,Gesundheitsförderung ,urban land use planning ,land-use planning - Abstract
Planungshandeln steht vor dem Hintergrund räumlicher Entwicklungsstrategien wie Innenentwicklung und Nachverdichtung in Bezug auf Nutzungskonflikte durch Lärmbelastung vor einer schwierigen Herausforderung. Lärm ist eine sehr gesundheitsrelevante Belastung, wirkt aber auch latent, schleichend und langfristig. Der kommunalen Bauleitplanung steht eine Vielzahl von Rechtsvorschriften, Normen und Empfehlungen zur Verfügung. Grundsätzlich ist aber wenig systematisch erforscht, wie kommunales Planungshandeln zum Schutz vor Gewerbelärm erforderlich ist und umgesetzt wird. Insbesondere ist die Frage interessant, welche Einflussfaktoren vor Ort auf die Anwendung und Auslegung von Rechtsvorschriften wirken. Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einer empirischen Untersuchung in deutschen Städten und leitet hin zu einer Systematisierung von Einflussfaktoren und der Identifikation von Ansatzpunkten zur Unterstützung der Rechtsanwendung in den Kommunen. Auf dieser Basis kann eine gesundheitsorientierte Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung gezielt unterstützt werden. Strategies like infill development and densification pose increasingly difficult challenges for planning with regard to noise-related land-use conflicts. Noise is a highly relevant health burden, but also takes effect in a latent, insidious and long-term fashion. Local land-use planning has numerous laws, provisions, standards and recommendations to hand. But there is little systematic research on how municipal planning action for commercial noise protection is developed and implemented. Of special interest is the question of what influencing factors impact the use and adaptation of legal requirements in local practices. This article is based on an empirical study in German cities and leads towards building a system of influencing factors and identifying starting points for supporting the use of legal norms by local municipalities. Against this backdrop, a health-promoting urban development and urban planning strategy can be effectively supported.
- Published
- 2018
39. Entwicklung eines Immissionsmessverfahrens für Funkdienste mit Frequenzsprungverfahren
- Author
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Hofmann, Willi, Bornkessel, Christian, and Hein, Matthias A.
- Subjects
Sendeleistung ,Teilchenspektrometrie ,Bestimmungsverfahren ,Bluetooth ,Tastverhältnis ,ddc:621,3 ,Messverfahren ,Messgerät ,Immission ,Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik ,Funkdienst ,Mobilität ,Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik ,Frequenzsprungverfahren ,Expositionsmessung ,Reproduzierbarkeit ,Teilchenspektrometer ,ddc:600 ,Funkgerät ,Konferenzschrift ,Laborversuch - Abstract
Obwohl Funkgeräte mit Frequenzsprungverfahren im Alltag allgegenwärtig sind und einen signifikanten Teil zur individuellen Gesamtimmission beitragen können, existierte bisher noch kein etabliertes Immissionsmessverfahren. Diese Lücke wird mit vorliegendem Beitrag geschlossen, in dem anhand detaillierter Signaluntersuchungen solche Verfahren zur Bestimmung der momentanen und maximalen Immission von Bluetooth als typischer Vertreter von Funkdiensten mit Frequenzsprungverfahren beschrieben wurden. Auf Basis des Messgerätes Narda SRM-3006 kann durch rechnerische Korrektur des Spitzenwerts auf das maximale Tastverhältnis die Maximalimmission bestimmt werden. Obwohl die Schwierigkeit besteht, in realen Szenarien die maximale Sendeleistung einiger Bluetoothgeräte eindeutig zu identifizieren, konnte im Laborversuch die maximale Sendeleistung durch Erhöhung der Pfaddämpfung der Testverbindung erreicht werden. Durch Einführung eines Korrekturfaktors δ kann die Momentanimmission zuverlässig aus der Messung eines Teilspektrums ermittelt werden, was in Kombination mit der Mobilität des Messgeräts Untersuchungen realer Expositionsszenarien erlaubt. Beide Methoden wurden in Messungen an verschiedenen Endgeraten getestet, wovon zwei vorgestellt wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine sehr gute Reproduzierbarkeit und Genauigkeit. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt damit ein neues, funkdienstspezifisches Messverfahren bereit, um konsistente und quantitativ zuverlässige Expositionsmessungen von Funkdiensten wie Bluetooth durchzuführen, die Frequenzsprungverfahren nutzen.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Differences and similarities between environmental protection permits in Slovenia
- Author
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Čuk, Maja and Matjaž, Tratnik
- Subjects
immission ,environmental permits ,okolje ,SEVESO directive ,differences ,udc:349(043.2) ,imisije ,emissions ,Evropska unija ,emisije ,directive IED ,similarities ,razlike ,okoljevarstvena dovoljenja ,direktiva SEVESO ,podobnosti ,European Union ,direktiva IED ,environment - Abstract
Okolje, kot zbir raznih sfer, ki obsega vse od tal pa do zraka, potrebuje celovit in skupen pristop glede pravne in dejanske ureditve. Na tej predpostavki sloni tudi institut okoljevarstvenih dovoljenj. Evropska unija, med drugim, poskuša z omejevanjem obremenjevanja okolja z uvedbo okoljevarstvenih dovoljenj in zahtevo, da države članice ta institut prenesejo v njihove pravne rede. Okoljevarstvena dovoljenja so bila v pravni red Republike Slovenije prenesena preko Zakona o varstvu okolja ter raznih uredb, ki iz tega zakona izhajajo ter podrobneje urejajo okoljevarstvena dovoljenja. Okoljevarstvena dovoljenja so številčna in tudi obširna, vendar jih lahko razporedimo v tri glavne oziroma večje skupine. Največja in najbolj obširna skupina glede števila podvrst dovoljenj je skupina okoljevarstvenih dovoljenj, ki izhajajo iz 82. člena Zakona o varstvu okolja in so urejena s številnimi uredbami, pri čemer ima vsako dovoljenje specifične pogoje za pridobitev ter kasneje tudi različno vsebino. Drugi dve vrsti sta okoljevarstveno dovoljenje za obrate, ki predstavljajo večje tveganje za okolje in pa dovoljenje za naprave, ki lahko povzročajo onesnaževanje večjega obsega, ki pa nista zato nič kaj manj obširni in specifični, ravno nasprotno. Kot vso pravo pa se tudi pravo varstva okolja, in s tem tudi institut okoljevarstvenih dovoljenj ter pogoji za pridobitev teh, konstantno spreminja in prilagaja dejanskim razmeram, kar je glede na vse večje onesnaževanje in obremenjevanje okolja zelo zahtevna naloga tako zakonodajalca Evropske unije kot našega nacionalnega zakonodajalca, ki zahteve Evropske unije med drugim tudi vnaša v naš pravni red. Tako je smisel diplomske naloge predvsem čimbolj sistematično predstaviti sistem okoljevarstvenih dovoljenj v Sloveniji. The environment as a collection of various spheres, which covers everything from ground to air, needs a comprehensive and common approach to legal and factual regulation. The institute of environmental protection permits also bases on this presumption. The European Union, among other things, seeks to limit the burden on the environment by introducing the environmental permits and the requirement for member states to transfer this institute into their legal orders. The legislation of the Republic of Slovenia transmitted through the Environmental Protection Act and various regulations that derive from the law and regulate different environmental permits in detail. There are many environmental permits and are also extensive but they can be grouped into three major groups. The largest and most extensive group in terms of the number of sub-licenses is the group of environmental permits which are derived from Article 82 of the Environmental Protection Act and are regulated by a number of regulations, each license having specific conditions for obtaining and later also different content. The other two are environmental protection permits for installations that pose a higher risk to the environment and installations permits that may cause a large-scale pollution and these two are anything but less extensive and specific. Just like all of the law, the law of environmental protection and thus the institute of environmental protection permits and the conditions for its acquisition, is constantly changing and adapting to the actual situation. That is, from the perspective of the growing pollution and burdening of the environment, a very demanding task for both the legislator of the European Union as well as our national legislator, who also enters the requirements of the European Union into our legal order. Therefore, the purpose of this diploma is to systematically introduce the system of environmental protection permits in Slovenia as much as possible.
- Published
- 2017
41. Estrategias para mitigar la contaminación del aire en zonas aledañas a grandes avenidas de Bogotá
- Author
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Zamudio Peña, José Agustín and Belalcazar, Luis Carlos
- Subjects
Niveles de exposición ,Dispersión de Contaminante ,Inmisión ,modeling ,Immission ,Calidad del aire ,mitigation strategies ,air quality ,62 Ingeniería y operaciones afines / Engineering ,Modelación ,exposure levels ,6 Tecnología (ciencias aplicadas) / Technology ,5 Ciencias naturales y matemáticas / Science ,Estrategias de mitigación ,pollutant dispersion - Abstract
A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por las autoridades ambientales, la academia y la ciudadanía en general, Bogotá es hoy una de las ciudades más contaminadas de América Latina. Uno de los contaminantes de mayor preocupación en la ciudad es el material particulado, sus niveles superan frecuentemente las normas de calidad del aire. Existen herramientas para evaluar estrategias conducentes a mejorar la calidad del aire, entre dichas herramientas están los modelos de calidad del aire. En Bogotá se han realizado varios estudios que pretenden modelar el comportamiento de la calidad del aire en la mesoescala, sin embargo, son muy pocos los estudios en los que se han implementado modelos de calidad del aire a en la micro-escala; a nivel de calle, donde se identificaron niveles de concentraciones de un orden de magnitud superior a lo reportado por los datos de la red de calidad del aire de Bogotá, lugar donde la población está realmente expuesta a los contaminantes generados por las fuentes móviles. En esta tesis se implementan, evalúan y validan los modelos de Dinámica Computacional de Fluidos (CFD) Winmiskam (comercial) y Envimet (de uso libre), para simular la dispersión de las emisiones de material particulado generadas por los vehículos automotores. Estas herramientas se utilizaron también para evaluar el impacto de implementar algunas estrategias de control en la calidad del aire cercana a las vías y grandes avenidas. En una primera fase se evaluó el modelo comercial CFD WinMiskam. Para esta evaluación se usaron los datos generados en un estudio de trazadores desarrollado en Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam. En esta parte del estudio se determinó la configuración más adecuada de un modelo CFD. Posteriormente se seleccionaron dos vías representativas de la ciudad de Bogotá. En dichas vías en una campaña de medición se recolectó toda la información necesaria para realizar las modelaciones con los 2 modelos CFD. La información recolectada incluye: aforos vehiculares, mediciones de concentración de PM2.5, velocidad y dirección del viento, entre otras. Los aforos vehiculares se usaron para estimar las emisiones generadas en las vías seleccionadas. Esta información se alimentó a los modelos CFD con los que se simuló la dispersión de PM2.5 en las vías seleccionadas. Las mediciones de PM2.5 se usaron para evaluar y validar los dos modelos. Finalmente se seleccionó el modelo con mejor desempeño para evaluar diferentes estrategias de control. Las estrategias a evaluar se seleccionaron a partir de los resultados de las emisiones calculadas. Los resultados de la primera fase de este estudio indican que el tamaño de las celdas seleccionadas tiene un impacto importante en los resultados de las simulaciones. Otros parámetros como el coeficiente de rugosidad del suelo o de las edificaciones tienen un impacto poco significativo. La evaluación y validación de los modelos indica que tanto Winmiskam como Envimet reproducen bien la dispersión de contaminantes. Sin embargo el modelo comercial Winmiskam es mucho más rápido y por tanto se seleccionó para la evaluación de estrategias. De las estrategas evaluadas, el polvo resuspendido del suelo es el que presenta un mayor impacto en la calidad del aire en la micro-escala y por tanto las estrategias de control deben enfocarse en controlar esta fuente de emisión. Finalmente, este trabajo corresponde a uno de los primeros esfuerzos por modelar la calidad del aire en la micro-escala en Colombia, se espera que las herramientas aquí implementadas sean usadas para evaluar más estrategias de control y encontrar las más adecuadas. ABSTRACT Despite the efforts made by environmental authorities, academia, and citizens, nowadays Bogotá is one of the most polluted cities in Latin America. One of the pollutants of major concern in the city is particulate matter, being the levels often exceeding air quality standards. There are different tools to evaluate strategies to improve air quality levels, among these tools there are Air Quality Models to simulate the behavior of air parcels under desired scenarios. In Bogota, several studies have been carried out modeling air quality in the mesoscale level, however, a micro-scale or street level studies have not been conducted at all. This scope is quite important in terms of personal exposure and health, due the closeness of the persons to mobile sources exhausts. In this thesis the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models WinMiskam (commercial) and Envimet (free use) were implemented, evaluated and validated. These models were used to simulate the dispersion of PM emissions generated by traffic at micro-sclae level, also to assess the impact of some control strategies near primary roads and major avenues. During the first phase, the commercial model CFD WinMiskam was calibrated and evaluated using data gathered in a tracer study developed in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The result of this phase relied in finding the most suitable configuration of the models. Then, two representative traffic corridors of the city were selected to complete a field campaign to get all data needed to perform exercises with both models. The information collected included: traffic gauges, PM2.5 concentration measurements, wind speed and direction, among others. Traffic gauges were used to estimate emissions generated in the corridors according to fleet composition, this result was used as an input to estimate dispersion and travel of particles using both CFD models. Afterwards, real PM data collected was used to evaluate model’s accuracy and to evaluate calibration parameters. Finally the best model was selected to evaluate the effect of different control strategies in PM concentrations such as traffic restriction for motorbikes, trees and barriers insertion, street sweeping, and diesel engines control and technological improvements. The outputs of this study suggest that the size considered for the cells have a significant impact on the resolution of the simulations values, other parameters such as the roughness of the soil or buildings have a negligible impact. The use, evaluation and validation of the models indicates that both Winmiskam and Envimet reproduce well the dispersion of pollutants, however the WinMiskam model runs faster with similar results, therefore was selected for strategies evaluation. The main result reveal that re-suspended soil and dust has the greatest impact on air quality in the micro-scale level, and therefore control strategies should be focused on controlling this pollutant. This work corresponds to one of the first leading efforts to model air pollution behavior in the micro-scale level in Colombia, it is expected that the tools and methods implemented here can be used to evaluate more control strategies and planning measures to take the best decisions. Maestría
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- 2017
42. Gezondheidsaspecten bij IPPC-vergunningen. De ontwikkeling en test van een methode voor de integrale beoordeling van gezondheidsaspecten bij IPPC-vergunningen
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GEZONDHEID ,methodeontwikkeling ,immissie ,ges-methode ,health ,ippc-permits ,method development ,immission ,ippc-vergunningen ,ges-method - Abstract
In opdracht van de VROM-Inspectie is een instrument ontwikkeld om gezondheidsaspecten bij vergunningen die worden verleend in het kader van de richtlijn Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC), integraal te kunnen beoordelen. De ontwikkelde methode is getest en geschikt gebleken. De IPPC-richtlijn verplicht lidstaten van de EU om grote milieuvervuilende bedrijven te reguleren. De methode is gericht op luchtverontreiniging, geur- en geluidoverlast en externe veiligheid. Aanleiding is de zekere zorg dat bij het verstrekken van deze vergunningen onvoldoende rekening wordt gehouden met alle gezondheidsaspecten. De VROM-Inspectie wil daarom beschikken over een beoordelingsinstrument, waarmee zijzelf of GGD'en kunnen vaststellen of een IPPC-vergunning de gezondheid voldoende beschermt. Adviesbureau Fast Advies heeft het instrument in samenwerking met het RIVM ontwikkeld en getest. De methode maakt gebruik van het stappenplan van de Gezondheids Effect Screening, (GES-methode). Daaraan is een tussenstap toegevoegd voor een eerste snelle beoordeling van gezondheidsaspecten. Deze schat of berekent de immissieconcentraties op basis van een snelle berekening. Vervolgens worden deze gegevens vergeleken met de achtergrondconcentraties en gezondheidkundige advieswaarden. De resultaten worden daarna grafisch weergegeven volgens de GES-methode. Op basis van dit rapport is separaat een handreiking opgesteld. Deze handleiding beschrijft de verschillende stappen van de ontwikkelde methode en licht elke stap toe.
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- 2017
43. Milieu- en gezondheidsonderzoek in de leefomgeving van Van Voorden gieterij te Zaltbommel: samenvatting van de deelonderzoeken
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risicobeoordeling ,cancer incidence rates ,milieu ,aerosolen zware metalen ,geur ,blootstelling ,deposition ,metal working ,borstkanker ,breast cancer ,nuisance ,immissie ,emission ,metal industry ,odour ,kankercluster ,emissies ,immission ,heavy metals ,metaalindustrie ,hexavalent chromium ,luchtkwaliteit ,living environment ,meetgegevens ,metaalgieterij ,hinder ,risk assessment ,health ,air quality ,metaalbewerking ,isopropanol ,exposure ,gezondheid ,leefomgeving ,measurements ,foundry ,environment ,depositie ,aerosols - Abstract
Naar aanleiding van onrust bij omwonenden van een metaalgieterij is een onderzoek uitgevoerd om vast te stellen welke stoffen door de metaalgieterij worden uitgestoten en in welke hoeveelheden. Ook is gemeten hoe hoog de concentraties en depositie van deze stoffen in de leefomgeving zijn en wat de gezondheidsrisico's voor de omwonenden zijn als gevolg van blootstelling aan deze stoffen. Daarnaast is met behulp van dagboekjes, vragenlijsten en de kankerregistratie inzicht verkregen in aard, omvang en mate van gezondheidsklachten en hinder bij omwonenden. Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd door het RIVM en de GGD Rivierenland in opdracht van de gemeente Zaltbommel en de VROM Inspectie regio Oost. Conclusie is dat voor bepaalde stoffen die de gieterij emitteert er sprake is van verhoogde blootstelling in de wijk ten opzichte van achtergrondniveaus. Er worden geen gezondheidskundige grenswaarden overschreden. Het aantal borstkankergevallen in de wijk is verhoogd ten opzichte van wat normaal gesproken verwacht kan worden, maar er kan geen verband gelegd worden met omgevingsfactoren. Er is verder geen verhoogd aantal gezondheidsklachten en/of aandoeningen gevonden, maar er is wel sprake van een hoge mate van (geur)hinder, ongerustheid en ontevredenheid bij omwonenden.
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- 2017
44. Umweltzone Leipzig: Messtechnische Begleitung der Einführung der Umweltzone Leipzig: Teil 6 / Abschlussbericht: Immissionssituation von 2010 bis 2016 und Wirkung der Umweltzone auf die straßennahe Luftqualität
- Author
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Löschau, Gunter, Wiedensohler, Alfred, Birmili, Wolfram, Rasch, Fabian, Spindler, Gerald, Müller, Konrad, Hausmann, Andrea, Wolf, Uwe, Sommer, Werner, Anhalt, Mario, Dietz, Volker, Herrmann, Hartmut, Böhme, Uwe, Kath, Horst-Günter, and Kühne, Holm
- Subjects
air, immission, green zone, Leipzig ,Luft, Immission, Umweltzone, Leipzig ,ddc:363.7392 ,Leipzig ,Immission ,Bericht ,Geschichte 2010-2016 ,Umweltzone - Abstract
Mit Einführung der Umweltzone 2011 erfolgte eine beschleunigte Modernisierung der Fahrzeugflotte in Leipzig gegenüber anderen Regionen in Sachsen. Die Belastung durch Verbrennungspartikel aus der modernisierten Fahrzeugflotte reduzierte sich sehr deutlich. Die Reduzierung war im ersten Jahr der Umweltzone am stärksten. Nach sechs Jahren wurde eine Minderung für die Anzahl der Partikel von 30 bis 200 nm um 74 % und für Ruß-Partikel BC um 59 % nachgewiesen. Dies dokumentiert den Erfolg der Partikelfilter in modernen Dieselfahrzeugen beim realen Fahren in der Stadt. Der hochtoxische Feinstaubanteil in der Außenluft und damit das Gesundheitsrisiko der Bevölkerung wurden sehr deutlich gesenkt. Die Umweltzone war damit eine sinnvolle und wirkungsvolle Maßnahme der Stadtverwaltung. Gleichzeitig trat keine Verbesserung für die Stickstoffoxide durch die modernste Fahrzeugflotte Sachsens ein. Die Dieselfahrzeuge gelten als die Hauptverursacher. Der Misserfolg in der Minderung der Stickoxide moderner Diesel-PKW beim realen Fahren in der Stadt trotz verschärfter EURO-Abgasnormen wurde dokumentiert. Über die tatsächlichen Emissionen moderner Diesel-PKW wurden Bürger und Stadtverwaltung von Autoherstellern getäuscht.
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- 2017
45. Particulate matter from road traffic in Africa
- Author
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NAIDJA, Lamri, ALI-KHODJA, Hocine, Khardi, Salah, Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques, Laboratoire de Pollution et Traitement des Eaux, Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC), Laboratoire Transports et Environnement (IFSTTAR/AME/LTE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon, and Cadic, Ifsttar
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,IMMISSION ,AIR ,AIR QUALITY ,[PHYS] Physics [physics] ,TRANSIT (TRAFIC) ,[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,AIR POLLUTION ,PARTICULATE MATTER ,ROAD TRAFFIC ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIQUE ,TRAFIC ROUTIER ,AFRIQUE - Abstract
In general, much of the air pollution that has adverse impacts on human health and the environment today is the result of anthropogenic activities. Road traffic has led to increase in many air pollutants to levels around the world. It is considered as one of an important source of particulate matter in Africa. Information on PM concentrations and impacts on human health in most African countries are poorly documented, lack of air monitoring network and insufficient number of air quality related researchers may be the reason for the lack of such studies. A few studies realized in African cities indicate an increasing number of exceedances of WHO guidelines for health related to road traffic. The transport sector has been expanding rapidly. Generally, car fleets are older and poorly maintained, high number of diesel-powered vehicles and all vehicles use low quality fuels with high lead and Sulphur, which add to traffic-related air pollution. The objective of this overview aims at describing the atmospheric pollution recorded in many African cities and identifies the contribution of particulate matter from road traffic to the deterioration of the air quality in Africa.
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- 2017
46. LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT FOR A HEALTHY ENVIROMENT IN THE LIGHT OF ESTABLISHING A CASUAL LINK BETWEEN DAMAGE TO PEOPLE'S HEALTH AND POLLUTED AIR AS A CONSEQUENCE OF IRREGULAR INDUSTRIAL IMMISSIONS
- Author
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Bekić, Suzana and Matjaž, Tratnik
- Subjects
dokazovanje ,environmental nuisance ,obremenjevanje okolja ,air pollution ,casual link ,udc:349(043.2) ,Pravica do zdravega življenjskega okolja ,civilnopravno varstvo ,čezmerno obremenjevanje ,vzročna zveza ,compensation ,imisije ,škoda ,immission ,environmental civil-law delict ,onesnaževala ,onesnaženost zraka ,odškodnina ,establishing ,pollutants ,damage liability ,excessive exploitation ,civil-law protection ,The right to a healthy environment ,okoljski civilnopravni delikt ,damage ,odškodninska odgovornost - Abstract
Omenjena pravica pripada človeku iz gospodarskih in socialnih razmerij, določenih z Ustavo Republike Slovenije (v nadaljevanju: Ustava RS). Država skrb za zdravo življenjsko okolje uresničuje s sprejemanjem zakonskih in podzakonskih aktov, ki zagotavljajo spoštovanje osnovnih človekovih vrednot, poleg tega pa dopuščajo delovanje vseh družbenih področij. S takšno zakonodajo naj bi se zagotovilo preprečevanje bodočega obremenjevanja okolja, omejilo obstoječe obremenjevanje in odstranjevalo že nastalo škodo. Na tej osnovi ima posameznik, v okviru civilnopravnega varstva, pravico do povračila materialne in nematerialne škode ter hkrati tudi možnost izbire med štirimi zakonskimi podlagami prepovednega zahtevka. Vendar pa dejstvo, da sodne prakse, ki bi obravnavala tovrstno problematiko skorajda ni, nakazuje na neučinkovitost pravnega varstva. Eden izmed ključnih dejavnikov neučinkovitosti je zagotovo težja dokazljivost vzročne zveze med vzrokom in nastalo škodo v primerih okoljskih civilnopravnih deliktov, pri čemer pa je rešitev problema vzročne zveze ključnega pomena za uspešno procesiranje tovrstnih dejanj. A person has the right to a healthy environment, to which he or she is entitled from economic and social relations laid down by the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia (following: Constitution of RS). State's concern for a healthy environment is performed by adopting legal acts and regulations, which ensure basic human values are respected and at the same time allow all social areas to function. This kind of legislation should prevent future environmental nuisance, limit existing nuisance and remove damage. On this basis an individual within the civil-law security rights has the right to claim compensation for material and non-material damage and also the right to choose between four legal basis of prohibitory injunction. However, there is no case law concerning this issue, which points at the inefficiency of legal protection. One of the key factors of inefficiency is harder traceability of casual link between cause and damage in the cases of environmental civil-law delicts, whereby solving the problem of casual link is of key importance to successfully process these acts.
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- 2016
47. Investigation of air quality by measuring the immission concentrationes of SO2, NO2 and CO in the city of Split : bachelor thesis
- Author
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Čelan, Mihaela and Ugrina, Marin
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onečišćenje zraka ,emisija ,TEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Kemijsko inženjerstvo ,Hrvatska.Split ,air pollution ,NO 2 ,air quality ,SO 2 ,Croatia.Split ,CO ,TECHNICAL SCIENCES. Chemical Engineering ,kakvoća zraka ,emission ,imisija ,immission - Abstract
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati kakvoću zraka na tri odabrane mikrolokacije na području grada Splita mjerenjem imisijskih koncentracija SO 2 , NO 2 i CO u periodu od šest mjeseci. Odabrana je lokacija u neposrednoj blizini prometnice te u gradskom i prigradskom području. Izmjerene imisijske koncentracije na lokacijama 2 i 3 (gradsko i prigradsko područje) su ispod graničnih i tolerantnih vrijednosti, dok su na lokaciji 1 (prometnica) prekoračene za NO 2 . Utvrđeno je da kakvoća zraka na području grada Splita prve kategorije, a u neposrednoj blizini izvora emisije, prometnice, treće kategorije. The aim of this study was to investigate the air quality at three selected micro-locations in the city of Split by measuring the immission concentration of SO 2 , NO 2 and CO in the period of six months. The selected location is near the road and in urban and suburban area. The measured immission concentration of the Locations 2 and 3 (urban and suburban areas) are below the limit and tolerance values, while at the Location 1 (roads) exceeded for NO 2 . It was found that the air quality in the city of Split belongs in first category, while near sources of emission, roads, air quality belongs in third category.
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- 2016
48. Immissionsabwehrmöglichkeiten bei Tierimmissionen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Judikatur in Österreich und Deutschland
- Author
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Rendl, Denise and Rendl, Denise
- Abstract
von Denise Rendl, Universität Innsbruck, Diplomarbeit, 2017, (VLID)2325889
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- 2017
49. Kann durch Landesrecht ein Mindestabstand zwischen Windkraftanlagen und Wohngebäuden festgesetzt werden?
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Landtag Brandenburg, Parlamentarischer Beratungsdienst, Lechleitner, Marc, Bohm, Rolfdieter, Landtag Brandenburg, Parlamentarischer Beratungsdienst, Lechleitner, Marc, and Bohm, Rolfdieter
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- 2017
50. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer gesetzlichen Definition des Begriffs 'Massentierhaltung'
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Landtag Brandenburg, Parlamentarischer Beratungsdienst, Lechleitner, Marc, Landtag Brandenburg, Parlamentarischer Beratungsdienst, and Lechleitner, Marc
- Published
- 2017
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