Search

Researchers at Erasme Hospital in Bruxelles, Belgium, have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determining thyroglobulin (Tg) levels in newborns' dried blood spots (DBS). This assay showed good analytical performance and stability, making it suitable for monitoring Tg concentrations and detecting variations. The study highlights the importance of considering hematocrit levels in DBS-Tg determination and suggests integrating iodine status monitoring with newborn screening for inherited metabolic diseases. The research was published in the European Thyroid Journal and can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute in Karaj, Iran, have conducted a study on the immunological characteristics of a recombinant protein from local pathogenic Leptospira serovars. The study focused on the potential of this protein to induce humoral and cellular immunity in mice, with promising results in terms of antibody production and cytokine levels. The findings suggest that this protein could be used as a marker for diagnosing leptospirosis and potentially contribute to the development of an effective vaccine against the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Mexico developed an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on a recombinant matrix protein to evaluate the seroprevalence of Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in pigs. The research found high sensitivity (83%) and specificity (100%) for the iELISA, with 50.38% of serum samples from backyard pigs testing positive for PDCoV. The study also revealed coinfections of PDCoV and PEDV in 31.98% of the analyzed sera, highlighting the need for ongoing investigation into PDCoV seroprevalence in Mexico. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research conducted a study to assess the reproducibility of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in detecting anti-human-papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies. The study focused on measuring different HPV immunoglobulin isotypes, including IgG1, IgG3, IgA, and IgM, against HPV16. The results indicated that the ELISAs were reproducible and able to detect isotype antibodies to HPV16 L1 in participants vaccinated with the bivalent HPV vaccine. The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Health and Human Services. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Department of Medical Oncology in Anhui, China, conducted a study on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and found that P2RX1-negative neutrophils play a role in promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment by upregulating PD-L1 expression. The study revealed that P2RX1-deficient neutrophils inhibit T cell proliferation and promote T cell exhaustion in NSCLC patients. The findings suggest that targeting P2RX1 could potentially counteract the immunosuppressive effects of neutrophils in NSCLC. [Extracted from the article]

"IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is a subtype of IgG4-related disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune system dysfunction. Symptoms include painless swelling of the lacrimal glands, blurred vision, and potential vision loss due to mass lesions pressing on the optic nerve. This study aims to investigate the abnormal activation and differentiation of T cells in IgG4-ROD to develop better treatments and reduce recurrence rates, potentially benefiting patients with other forms of IgG4-related diseases." [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Hubei University of Chinese Medicine in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, developed a novel plasmonic Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for the detection of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), a potential biomarker for ulcerative colitis. This dual-readout plasmonic ELISA showed superior sensitivity and accuracy compared to conventional ELISA methods, with a linear range of 0.5-80 ng/mL and a low limit of detection of 0.5 ng/mL. The research concluded that this novel plasmonic ELISA could be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06646705, focusing on the impact of orthodontic treatment with aligners on changes in osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) levels in saliva samples. The study involves 25 systemically healthy non-smoking individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with aligners, with periodontal clinical parameters measured before and after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is used to analyze OPG and RANKL levels in saliva samples. The trial is being conducted at Izmir Katip Celebi University in Turkey. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Dalian Medical University in the People's Republic of China discusses the use of digital enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (dELISAs) in ophthalmology. These assays are highly sensitive in detecting biomarkers that traditional methods may miss, providing accurate results quickly. The research highlights the increasing applications of dELISAs in ophthalmological diagnoses and treatments, revolutionizing the field. This peer-reviewed study explores the benefits of dELISAs in clinical practice, particularly in ophthalmology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health have developed and qualified a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify anti-Vi IgG in human sera. This assay provides a simple, high-throughput, and cost-effective method to measure Vi-specific IgG levels in clinical studies. The study demonstrated the assay's precision, linearity, and specificity, making it suitable for evaluating anti-Vi responses in clinical settings. The research aims to enhance the understanding of vaccines targeting Salmonella Typhi and the Vi capsular polysaccharide, particularly in endemic countries. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sorbonne Universite in Paris, France compared two methods for detecting antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), an oncogenic virus associated with several diseases. The current gold standard method, the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), was compared to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study found that ELISA showed better performance in detecting KSHV antibodies and could be a reliable alternative to IFA, particularly for immunocompromised patients and cases with equivocal serology. However, further research is still needed to improve HHV-8 sero diagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Cambodia evaluated the accuracy of a common dengue virus serological assay and examined the impact of immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses on the assay's performance. The study found that the dengue IgG ELISA had a lower specificity than previously reported, with 46% of false-positive results showing detectable neutralizing antibodies against other flaviviruses, including West Nile virus. The researchers suggest that physicians and public health authorities should be aware of the potential presence of West Nile virus in Cambodia and that immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses can affect dengue surveillance. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and West Nile (WNV) arboviruses in Iran. The study analyzed twelve published papers between 2000 and 2024 and found that the seroprevalence of positive ELISA tests for WNV in Iran was estimated at 12.9%, while CHIKV was estimated at 6.2%. Only two studies on DENV were conducted, with one showing zero prevalence and the other showing a seroprevalence of 5.6%. The study suggests that WNV and CHIKV are widespread in Iran, while DENV is sporadic. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Neuracle Science Co. Ltd. for the use of anti-family with sequence similarity 19, member A5 (FAM19A5) antibodies in the treatment and diagnosis of mood disorders. Mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, affect millions of people worldwide. The patent describes a method of diagnosing mood disorders by measuring the levels of FAM19A5 protein or mRNA in a biological sample. The patent also suggests the use of FAM19A5 antagonists, such as antibodies, as a potential treatment for mood disorders. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Uttar Pradesh, India, aimed to determine the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and associated risk factors. The researchers used Premier Toxin A and B Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect CDI in stool samples from 788 patients. The study found that the incidence of CDI at the center was 15.73%, with a higher prevalence in male patients. Risk factors associated with CDI included hypertension, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and certain comorbidities. The researchers concluded that their findings could guide clinicians in implementing appropriate treatment to reduce hospitalization length for CDI patients. [Extracted from the article]

A clinical trial, NCT06571552, is being conducted to examine the effects of therapeutic plasmapheresis on blood clotting. The trial aims to understand the changes in coagulation factors and their regeneration after plasmapheresis sessions. Researchers also want to determine the relationship between fibrinogen levels and the risk of bleeding after plasmapheresis. The trial involves various tests and measurements, including fibrinogen levels, blood cell counts, and clotting factor levels, taken before and after plasmapheresis sessions. The results of these tests provide valuable information about the impact of plasmapheresis on blood parameters. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the clinical trial NCT06571409, designed to evaluate the anti-aging and UV-protection efficacy of Coriander Seed Oil (CSO) supplements in healthy adults. Topics include the trial's randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, its assessment of skin metrics (profilometry, elasticity, transepidermal water loss), and its detailed eligibility criteria for participants.

A patent has been issued to Takeda Pharmaceutical Company for a method of diagnosing and treating autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. The method involves measuring the level of cleaved high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) in a biological sample and identifying elevated levels as indicative of the autoimmune disease. The patent also includes methods for monitoring the progression of the disease and administering treatments such as plasma kallikrein inhibitors or anti-inflammatory agents. This patent provides potential advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on a clinical trial evaluating the performance of GlycoScore biomarkers in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. Topics include the sensitivity and specificity of three identified glycoproteins as biomarkers, their potential combinations with PSA (prostate-specific antigen), and the development of a GlycoScore test.

A recent study conducted by researchers at Nanjing Medical University in China focused on the production of high-quality recombinant allergens in Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The study aimed to address the issue of incorrect folding of recombinant allergens, which can impact their effectiveness. The researchers established a novel quality control strategy using chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to isolate and verify the IgE reactivity of the allergens. The study successfully expressed a segment of the allergen gene in E. coli and identified optimal conditions for expression. The findings of this study lay the groundwork for the stable application of recombinant allergens in diagnostics and vaccine development. [Extracted from the article]

A report from South China Agricultural University discusses the development of a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of antibodies against the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). The immunoassay, called DAgS-aCLIA, was found to be sensitive and rapid, with a wide linearity range and excellent analytical sensitivity. This new assay could be a valuable tool for the surveillance and control of ASF, as well as for vaccine development. The study highlights the need for improved diagnostic tools for ASF, as there is currently no commercial vaccine available. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study on the comparative efficacy of microscopy and ELISA kits for diagnosing Giardia lamblia in children, conducted by Sohag University, published in Clinical Trials Week on August 19, 2024. Topics include the study's aim to evaluate these diagnostic methods, its observational design, and the primary outcome measures focusing on efficacy in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised children with gastrointestinal symptoms.

Researchers at Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University in Punjab, India have developed a new diagnostic test for African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) using synthetic peptides. The peptides were synthesized and tested for immunoreactivity, demonstrating potential for detecting ASFV infection in field settings. The assay showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 86%, and holds promise for seromonitoring and serosurveillance applications. This research was supported by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts aimed to improve the diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) through the use of electronic health alerts. The study developed three interventions using electronic health records, including an alert to discontinue heparin products, integrated 4T score calculation, and an alert to discourage unnecessary testing. The interventions resulted in improved care delivery, with increased heparin discontinuation and appropriate test ordering. The study concluded that these electronic health record interventions can lead to improved guideline-based care for patients with suspected HIT. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Boston Children's Hospital explored the role of bacterial sphingolipids in exacerbating colitis, a type of inflammatory bowel disease. The researchers found that gut bacterial sphingolipids, primarily produced by Bacteroidetes, have dual roles as bacterial virulence factors and regulators of the host mucosal immune system. Mice monocolonized with Bacteroides fragilis strains expressing sphingolipids exhibited more severe colitis, while mice colonized with strains lacking sphingolipids showed less severe colitis. The study also revealed that sphingolipids inhibited the production of interleukin-22 (IL-22) by ILC3, a subset of immune cells. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying colitis and may have implications for the development of new therapies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Nanchang University in China explored the presence of anti-tribbles homolog 2 (TRIB2) autoantibodies in Chinese patients with narcolepsy. The researchers used cell-based assays (CBAs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to detect these antibodies. While the CBAs did not detect any anti-TRIB2 antibodies, the ELISAs identified higher levels of TRIB2 autoantibodies in two patients with narcolepsy type 1. This finding challenges the initial hypothesis and suggests the need for further research to understand the potential association between TRIB2 and narcolepsy type 1. [Extracted from the article]

A clinical trial, NCT06469047, has been launched at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University to study the relationship between serum N/OFQ and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The trial involves patients diagnosed with AML who are divided into different groups based on their disease status. The study aims to observe the levels of IL-1b, catecholamine, and norkephalin in the peripheral blood of the experimental group and the control group. Preliminary findings suggest that the experimental group has significantly higher levels compared to the control group, with higher levels observed in the newly diagnosed group and the relapse group compared to the complete remission group. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Korea University College of Medicine aimed to develop a protocol for evaluating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines. The researchers used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the accuracy, precision, and specificity of the protocol. They found that the protocol was effective in evaluating RSV vaccines and demonstrated high accuracy and precision. The study also revealed cross-reactivity of antibodies against certain RSV antigens. This research provides valuable insights for the development and evaluation of RSV vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital in Maharashtra, India, explores the role of mast cells and their related biochemicals in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant disorder characterized by fibrous tissue deposition and oral mucosa atrophy. The study aims to identify the presence of chymase, histamine, and diamine oxidase in both serum and tissue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The researchers suggest that this study may provide insight into the association between mast cell-related chemicals and OSMF. For more information, readers can refer to the original research article. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Federal University Sao Paulo in Brazil examined different methods for detecting autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG), an autoimmune disorder. The study compared the RadioImmunoPrecipitation Assay (RIPA), Cell-Based Assay (CBA), and two ELISA kits. The results showed that the CBA had almost perfect agreement with RIPA and exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity for MG diagnosis. The study suggests that the CBA could potentially replace RIPA in clinical laboratories. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology and the University of Yamanashi have developed a microfluidic control technology that can be used in small blood testing devices. This technology addresses cost issues and allows for convenient blood testing. The researchers have developed a centrifugal microfluidic chip with autonomous control functions that can perform enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a technique used in blood analysis. They have also developed a dispensing mechanism that can automatically distribute reagents, reducing the need for manual labor. The researchers hope that this technology will contribute to the social implementation of microfluidic chips and make blood tests more accessible. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System has examined the cross-reactivity of 24 cannabinoids and metabolites in whole blood using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study found that most parent compounds demonstrated cross-reactivity, with the length of the alkyl side-chain relative to Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol affecting the level of cross-reactivity. Interestingly, certain carboxylic acid metabolites showed cross-reactivity at lower levels. The researchers emphasize the importance of understanding and characterizing the impact of these analytes on current testing paradigms as synthetic and semi-synthetic cannabinoids become more widely available. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06416033, that is investigating the levels of a protein called irisin in leprosy patients. The trial aims to measure the plasma irisin levels in leprosy patients and compare them to healthy controls. It also aims to examine the correlation of irisin levels in different types of leprosy. Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that primarily affects peripheral nerves, mucosa, bones, and other organs. The trial will provide valuable insights into the role of irisin in leprosy and its potential implications for the disease. The study is being conducted in Egypt and is expected to be completed by July 15, 2024. [Extracted from the article]

This document provides information about three different research studies related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The first study is a clinical trial investigating the response of gut bacteria in pre-diabetic, obese patients with IBS to two different modes of exercise. The trial aims to compare the effects of moderate continuous versus high interval intensity training on gut dysbiosis and hormone levels. The second study involves interventions such as exercise and diet to manage IBS symptoms and evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, and a low fermentable short-chain carbohydrates diet on IBS symptoms and quality of life. The third study aims to investigate the relationship between anxiety-depressive disorders and IBS in patients attending a rural family practice center in Egypt. The study will collect data on various factors, including anxiety-depressive disorders, IBS symptoms, and glycated hemoglobin levels. The responsible party for the study is Marwa Saeed Salama from Cairo University. [Extracted from the article]

This document provides information about a clinical study that is currently recruiting participants. The study aims to collect saliva samples from individuals with gingivitis, healthy periodontium, and periodontitis. The study will involve full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements and the collection of saliva. The eligibility criteria for participants are outlined, and the study is open to individuals of all genders between the ages of 20 and 60. The study is being conducted in Turkey, and the responsible party is Kubra Aydin from Izmir Katip Celebi University. The document also includes keywords related to the study, such as antiparasitics, proteins, periodontitis, and diagnostic techniques. [Extracted from the article]

This article provides information about a clinical trial, NCT06402877, that is currently recruiting participants in Turkey. The study aims to investigate the levels of Adseverin, 1-alpha Defensin, and sRANKL in saliva samples of individuals with different periodontal diseases. The trial will use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the levels of these substances and will also involve conducting clinical periodontal measurements. The study is expected to be completed by November 2025 and is being led by Ayse Efe from Izmir Katip Celebi University. [Extracted from the article]