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Background: Patients undergoing perineal defect reconstruction with the internal pudendal artery perforator (IPAP) flap traditionally face 5 days of postoperative bed rest (BR) to minimize surgical risks. However, prolonged BR can exacerbate postoperative physiologic changes such as increased fatigue, reduced body mass, and declining lung function, while also leading to complications such as pneumonia, delirium, deep vein thrombosis, and pressure injuries. This study assessed the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of an adapted early mobilization (EM) program for these patients., Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study involved 51 patients assigned to adapted EM (n = 25) or BR (n = 26). Whereas EM included core exercises, orthostasis training, gait training, muscle strengthening, and aerobic exercises after surgery, BR followed standard bed rest protocols. The primary outcome was independent ambulation for 3 m on postoperative day 5. The secondary outcomes included 6-min walk test (6MWT) distances on days 5 and 30, hospital length of stay, healing time, postoperative complications, fatigue prevalence, and quality of life., Results: On day 5, EM improved ambulation significantly compared with BR (68.0% vs 38.5%; P = 0.035) and achieved greater 6MWT distances on days 5 (108.78 vs 47.73 m; P = 0.041) and 30 (243.8 vs 166.29 m; P = 0.018). The EM patients were discharged earlier (66.7% by day 10 vs 33.3% of the BR patients; P = 0.043), with comparable healing times (P = 0.06) and postoperative complication rates (68% vs 80.8%; P = 0.296). Fatigue prevalence and quality of life did not differ significantly between the two groups., Conclusion: Early mobilization after IPAP flap reconstruction is safe and feasible, promoting early ambulation and recovery and facilitating earlier discharge without increasing complications., Competing Interests: Disclosures: There are no conflicts of interest., (© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.)

Competing Interests: Disclosure: Caio Augusto Lima de Araujo, Fabio de Freitas Busnardo, Victor Augusto Thome Grillo, Carlos Henrique Chirnev Felício, Luciana Alexandra Antônia de Almeida, Carlos Frederico Sparapan Marques, Caio Sérgio Nahas, Antonio Rocco Imperialle, Rolf Gemperli, and Ulysses Ribeiro Jr have no disclosures to declare that may be relevant to the contents of this study.