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This study aims to determine to determine the development of Islamic finance, financial development, government governance, and population growth on economic growth in the six GCC member countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) during the period 2013 to 2019. This study uses a quantitative approach, pooled least success (PLS) analysis, and the classical assumption test. The results of this study indicate that the development of Islamic finance, government governance, and population growth can significantly contribute to economic growth. In addition, this research contributes to the previous literature, especially in indicators measuring the development of Islamic finance and empirical evidence that the development of Islamic finance, institutional quality, and population growth can drive economic growth. Keywords: Economic Growth, GCC Countries, Islamic Financial Development, Country Governance, population growth ABSTRAK: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dampak perkembangan keuangan Islam, perkembangan keuangan, tata kelola pemerintah, dan pertambahan penduduk terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di enam negara anggota GCC (Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Arab Saudi dan Uni Emirat Arab) selama periode 2013 sampai 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis pooled least suqares (PLS) beserta uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan keuangan Islam, tata kelola pemerintah, dan pertumbuhan penduduk mampu memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Selain itu, penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap literatur sebelumnya, khususnya dalam hal indikator pengukuran perkembangan keuangan Islam dan bukti empiris bahwa perkembangan keuangan Islam, kualitas kelembagaan, dan pertumbuhan penduduk mampu mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kata Kunci: Pertumbuhan ekonomi, Negara-Negara GCC, Perkembangan Keuangan Islam, Tata Kelola Pemerintah, pertumbuhan penduduk

Desa Weru merupakan salah satu dari dua Pusat Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) di Kecamatan Paciran, Kabupaten Lamongan. Kelompok Nelayan Desa Weru merupakan kelompok nelayan yang dibentuk untuk membantu para nelayan masyarakat desa Weru dalam memenuhi kebutuhan melaut hingga sebagai naungan badan hukum. Berdasarkan survei pendahuluan, Kelompok Nelayan Desa Weru memiliki dua permasalahan utama dalam menghasilkan produk olahan ikan, yaitu aspek produksi dan pemasaran. Tidak adanya standarisasi dalam memproduksi makanan olahan ikan menjadi permasalahan pada aspek produksi. Sedangkan pada aspek pemasaran, masyarakat selama ini menjual produk olahan ikan tanpa memperhatikan aspek pemasaran yang baik. Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat yang bekerjasama dengan Dinas Koperasi dan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan memberikan pelatihan mengolah ikan belo dan memasarkannya dengan baik. Ikan belo merupakan ikan yang sangat melimpah di desa tersebut. Pelatihan ini diharapkan mampu membekali para ibu-ibu nelayan untuk menghasilkan produk yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi serta meningkatkan taraf ekonomi.

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan socio entrepreneurship dan intrapreneurship Kelompok Karang Taruna di Desa Sugihwaras, Kabupaten Nganjuk dalam mendukung terbentuknya Ekowisata. Pada program ini, Kelompok Karang Taruna diposisikan sebagai pemilik usaha dan karyawan sebagaimana konsep entrepreneurship dan intrapreneurship, sehingga pemahaman akan Desa Wisata dapat menyeluruh. Program pengabdian yang dilakukan meliputi pelatihan manajemen Desa Ekowisata, pelatihan penyusunan studi kelayakan, pelatihan promosi berbasis digital, dan pelatihan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan. Selain itu, pendampingan dilakukan untuk meninjau pemahaman Kelompok Karang Taruna terkait materi pelatihan yang telah disampaikan. Hasil yang dicapai adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam manajemen Ekowisata, meningkatnya kemampuan dalam menyusun studi kelayakan, meningkatnya pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam pemasaran digital, dan meningkatnya pengetahuan dalam pelaporan keuangan Ekowisata. Program Pengabdian Masyarakat ini berhasil memberikan dampak positif dalam persiapan perwujudan Ekowisata pada aspek socio entrepreneurship dan intrapreneurship guna mewujudkan Ekowisata di Desa Sugihwaras.

Previous work on the financial industry, which covers the entire financial services sector and is related to economic growth, has remained limited. This present study empirically analyzed the growth of Indonesia’s three main sectors of the Islamic Financial Industry (Islamic Capital Market, Islamic Banking, and Islamic non-bank Financial Industry) towards economic growth between 2014Q1 and 2021Q3. The quarterly data was processed through the ARDL Bound-test for cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM). The research revealed three of the four research variables (sharia stock, Sukuk, and sharia insurance) that significantly affect GDP, while Islamic banking shows no significant effect on GDP. As a result, Indonesian Islamic banks must optimize funds for the productive sector. Future policies should consider maximizing the role of the Islamic financial industry to accelerate economic growth.

Purpose The halal cosmetics industry continues to grow significantly. Furthermore, using halal cosmetics is a must for Muslims. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the switching intention to halal cosmetics in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative study uses a Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) on 214 respondents. The variables include halal certification, halal awareness, product image, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, attitude, advertisement and switching intention. Findings The product image plays the most influential role in deriving the attitude toward switching intention to halal cosmetics, following perceived behavioral control, halal awareness and subjective norm, but not halal certification and advertisement. The result indicates that the image of halal cosmetics influences customers’ attitudes toward switching to using halal cosmetics. Indonesian customers know the obligation to use halal products because they are Muslim. However, the existence of halal certification does not derive the switching intention to halal cosmetics. Research limitations/implications This study conducts research only in Indonesia. As a recommendation, further studies might conduct a comparative test using multicultural respondents in several countries. Other studies also suggested examining factors of switching intention through different generational, especially in countries with high individualism traits. Practical implications This study will encourage the halal industry, especially the halal cosmetics industry, to pay more attention to the product image. Meanwhile, the government can provide incentives or rewards to promote industry participation in halal cosmetics. The findings provide a more detailed understanding of how product image can influence someone to switch to halal cosmetics. Originality/value Research on switching intention to halal cosmetics is still limited. This study uses halal variables, while previous studies only used religiosity. This study also introduced the product images motivating customers’ switching intention to use halal cosmetics.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of zakat and business assistance on the growth and well-being of mustahiqs (zakat recipients). This study also investigates the impact of macroeconomic variables on the welfare of mutahiqs. Design/methodology/approach The partial least squares-structural equation modelling method is used in this quantitative study, examining data from 137 mustahiqs. The data was collected from seven zakat institutions, which run effective zakat programmes to empower mustahiqs. Findings Zakat empowerment programmes and business assistantships positively impact the growth of mustahiqs’ businesses, beneficial to their well-being. Nevertheless, their well-being is unaffected by the proxy of the macroeconomy. Originality/value This study adds to the zakat literature by identifying the relationship between zakat, business growth, macroeconomic conditions and mustahiq welfare. Accordingly, this approach was made by combining primary and secondary data. This research offers a unique measure of welfare based on the concept of the Islamic objectives (Maqasid al-Shariah).

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tracking error dan risiko terhadap kinerja reksa dana indeks syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian analisis regresi linier berganda pada lima sampel dengan menggunakan data nilai aktiva bersih dan return JII dan reksa dana indeks syariah yang terdaftar pada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan sampai Desember 2019. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa tracking error tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja reksa dana indeks syariah dan tingkat risiko berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja reksa dana indeks syariah. Kata kunci: Kinerja reksa dana indeks syariah, Tracking error, Risiko, Analisis regresi linier berganda. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the impact of tracking error and risk on Islamic index mutual fund performance in Indonesia. This study ran multiple linear regression analyses on five samples using the net asset values and returns of JII and Islamic index mutual funds that are listed in the Financial Services Authority using data until December 2019. The result showed that tracking error had no significant effect on the performance of Islamic index mutual funds, while the level of risk had a significant positive effect on the performance of Islamic index funds. Keywords: Islamic index mutual fund performance, Tracking error, Risk, Multiple linear regression analysis. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adhi, N., Aji, D. P., & Winarni, W. (2021). Reksadana syariah dan konvensional di Indonesia. Jurnal Keunis (Keuangan Dan Bisnis), 9(2), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.32497/keunis.v9i2.2629 Agapova, A. (2011). Conventional mutual index funds versus exchange trade fund. Journal of Financial Markets, 14(2), 323–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmar.2010.10.005 Alam, N. (2013). A comparative performance analysis of conventional and Islamic exchange-traded funds. Journal of Asset Management, 14(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1057/jam.2012.23 Anggara, A. W., & Yulianto, A. (2017). Analisis kinerja reksa dana saham dengan metode sharpe, treynor, dan jensen. Management Analysis Journal, 6(1), 13–22. Arifin, E. S. (2017). Kinerja reksadana saham syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 17(1), 82–86. https://doi.org/10.30811/.v17i1.363 Asmoro, R. M. S., & Syaichu, M. (2022). Analisis pengaruh umur reksa dana, tingkat risiko, expense ratio, turnover ratio, dan market timing ability terhadap kinerja reksa dana saham syariah periode 2016-2020. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 11(2), 1–12. Basya, M. M., & Utami, B. S. A. (2021). Pengaruh alokasi aset, pemilihan saham dan tingkat risiko terhadap reksadana saham syariah di indonesia tahun 2015-2019. Al-Muraqabah: Journal of Management and Sharia Business, 1(1), 1–15. Benjelloun, H., & Abdullah A. M. A. (2009). Index funds and diversification in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 2(3), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538390910986335 Biswas, S. (2015). Assessing market risk of Indian index funds. Global Business Review, 16(3), 511–523. https://doi.org/10.1177/0069966715569938 Charteris, A., & McCullough K. (2020). Tracking error Vs tracking difference: Does it matter?. Investment Analysts Journal, 49(3), 268–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/10293523.2020.1806480 Dorocáková, M. (2017). Comparison of ETF´s performance related to the tracking error. Journal of International Studies, 10(4), 154–165. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-4/1 DSN MUI. (200). Fatwa DSN MUI No. 20/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 tentang pedoman pelaksanaan investasi untuk reksa dana syariah. Retrieved from http://mui.or.id/wp-content/uploads/files/fatwa/20-Pedoman_Investasi_Reksa_Dana.pdf Elton, E. J., Gruber, M. J., & Busse, J. A. (2004). Are investors rational? Choices among index funds. The Journal of Finance, 59(1), 261–288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00633.x Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2010). Luck versus skill in the cross-section of mutual fund returns. Journal of Finance, 65(5), 1915–1947. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01598.x Frino A., & Gallagher D. R. (2001) Tracking S&P 500 index funds. Journal of Portfolio Management, 28(1), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2001.319822 Gani, I., & Amalia S. (2018). Alat analisis data: Aplikasi statistik untuk penelitian bidang ekonomi dan sosial. Yogyakarta: Andi. Iman, N. (2008). Panduan singkat dan praktis: Memulai investasi reksa dana. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. Johnson, B., Bioy H., Kellet A., & Davidson L. (2013). On the right track: Measuring tracking efficiency in ETFs. Journal of Index Investing, 4(3), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.3905/jii.2013.4.3.035 Kandarisa, A. (2014). Perkembangan dan hambatan reksadana syariah di Indonesia: Suatu kajian teori. Jurnal Akuntansi AKUNESA, 2(2), 1–18. Kostovetsky, L. (2003). Index mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. The Journal of Portfolio Management Summer, 29(4), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2003.319897 Kusumastiti, F., & Ryandono, M. N. H. (2019). Pengaruh risiko sistematis, market timing dan ukuran dana terhadap kinerja reksa dana pendapatan tetap syariah di Indonesia Periode 2014-1018. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 6(12), 2409–2421. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss201912pp2409-2421 Lestari, W. R. (2015). Kinerja reksadana saham syariah dan reksadana saham konvensional. Jurnal Magister Manajemen, 1(1), 116–128. Mawikere, J. C. (2021). Performance analysis of money market mutual funds, fixed income mutual funds, mixed mutual funds, and stock mutual funds in Indonesia during the 2015-2020 period. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research, 5(4), 636-655. Muhammad. (2014). Dasar-dasar keuangan syariah. Yogyakarta: Ekonisia. Negoro W, E. D., Widiyanti, M., Andriana, I., & Taufik, T. (2022). Analisis perbandingan kinerja reksa dana saham konvensional dan reksa dana saham syariah pada reksa dana yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Sriwijaya, 19(4), 203–218. https://doi.org/10.29259/jmbs.v19i4.15868 Ojih, J. (2014). Index fund factor: The view beyond the wall. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2(9), 193–198. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2014.29033 Paliwal, R. (2014). Tracking errors of exchange traded funds and index funds. WCOT Working Papers, 1–24. Rivai, V., & Veithzal A. P. (2008). Islamic financial management. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada. Rompotis, G. G. (2009). Interfamily competition on index tracking: The case of the vanguard ETFs and index funds. Journal of Asset Management, 10(4), 263–278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jam.2009.11 Rudiyanto. (2016). Seri panduan investasi: Reksa dana untuk pemula. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. Saritas, H. (2004). Indexing and index fund. Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 31–44. Samsul, M. (2006). Pasar modal dan manajemen portofolio. Surabaya: Erlangga. Sarkar, S. S., Dutta S., & Dutta P. (2013). A review of Indian index funds. Global Business Review, 14(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150912466445 Sart, C. F. D., & Vuuren, G. W. V. (2021). Comparing the performance and composition of tracking error constrained and unconstrained portfolios. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 81, 276–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2021.06.019 Sivakumar, S. (2017). A comparative study on the performance of index funds. International Journal of Current Research, 9(10), 60007–60011. Soemitra, A. (2009). Bank dan lembaga keuangan syariah. Jakarta: Kencana. Strydom, B., Charteris A., & McCullough K. (2016). The relative tracking ability of South African exchange traded funds and index funds. Investment Analysts Journal, 44(2), 117–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/10293523.2014.994454 Tandelilin, E. (2010). Portofolio dan investasi: Teori dan aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Yuliana, I. (2010). Investasi produk keuangan syariah. Malang: UIN-Maliki Press. Vanguard. (2014). Understanding tracking difference and tracking error. Retrieved from https://www.vanguard.com.hk/documents/understanding-td-and-te-en.pdf

The decrease in blood donors at UTD PMI occurred during the pandemic by 30% while the need for people who needed blood increased. Youth is a group of potential donors. Based on the results of a preliminary study, 90.3% of youth in Terong Dlingo Village Bantul have never donated blood. Knowledge is closely related to the awareness of donating blood. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and interest in blood donation among youth in Sendangsari Hamlet during a pandemic. The type of research used is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The sample technique chosen is total sampling. The results of the correlation test using the Kendall's tau-b test with a significance level of 5% there is a significant relationship between knowledge and interest in donating blood (p-value 0.006) and the correlation coefficient value of 0.314 which means it has a fairly strong close relationship. There is a significant relationship between knowledge and interest in donating blood during the pandemic in youth in Sendangsari Hamlet, Terong Kapanewon Village, Dlingo, Bantul in 2021.

The purpose of this research is to find out the extent of the crime of data theft (phishing) in fintech and how to anticipate it in Indonesia in the midst of the Coronavirus Pandemic that has hit Indonesia in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemichas had an impact on all community activities. The existence of social distancing and physical distancing policies has made changes to community activities, including financial services. The use of technology-based financial services or what is often termed financial technology has now become a trend and habit in the community. The literature review research method that we use in this study uses sources from several literacies such as books, journal articles, media reports and so on.The results of this study that phishing is currently found in several models of crimeand there are several efforts to prevent this crime from becoming more widespread.

Purpose This study aims to examine the constraints in the issuance of municipal Sukuk in Indonesia and proposed potential solutions and strategies to support its implementation. Design/methodology/approach This study used the analytic network process (ANP) method with four groups of relevant respondents that comprised representatives from the local government, universities (academicians), experts (practitioners) and regulators. Findings Four elements support municipal Sukuk issuance: issuer (regional government or municipality), investor, market and infrastructure. The element with the highest score was the lack of commitment from the regional government in issuing municipal sukuk due to leadership change that occurs every five years. Thus, specific regulations that strengthen and regulate municipal Sukuk issuance and the support from the central government are the priority solutions and strategies that should be undertaken to encourage regional governments in issuing municipal Sukuk. Practical implications The establishment of specific regulations by the central government that support and strengthen municipal Sukuk issuance is necessary to promote successful implementation. Supports from the central government include tax incentives, accessible licensing processes and bureaucracy aids. Originality/value This study extended the literature by examining problems, solutions and strategies for municipal Sukuk issuance in terms of four aspects: the issuer (municipal government), investors, markets and infrastructure. The multiple aspect analyses provided a broader understanding of the lack of municipal Sukuk issuance in Indonesia.

Purpose This study aims to formulate a strategy for optimizing zakat governance in zakat institutions in East Java Province by identifying priority problems, creating solutions and developing strategies. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative research uses the analytical network process method. Ten respondents representing practitioners, academics, associations and regulators were selected for their expertise in zakat governance. The data were processed using Super Decision software program and Excel. Findings Priority issues in optimizing zakat governance found in this study are lack of information on Mustahik’s needs and development to Muzakki and the low motivation and ability of Mustahik to develop. Improving the quality and capacity of Amil’s, especially in the technological aspect, is a priority solution. The priority strategy considers intensification (by developing Amil’s ability to use technology) and extensification (by increasing Amil’s numbers who master technology). Practical implications The results highlight the urgency of increasing Amil’s capacity and capability in technology-based zakat management. Zakat institutions need to prepare for management’s transformation toward zakat technology as one of the priorities in optimizing zakat governance. Originality/value Problems, solutions and strategies for optimizing zakat governance are collected by connecting it to the Zakat Core Principles, namely, the ninth principle of collection management and the tenth principle of distribution management. Further, for identifying problems, solutions and strategies, four aspects must be considered of Amil, Muzakki, Mustahiq and other supporting elements to present better policies to optimize zakat governance.

Zakat institutions play an important role in managing zakat effectively and efficiently as described in Law no. 23 of year 2011. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of zakat institutions in Indonesia and determine the best ranking of the units observed. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with the Super Efficiency Analysis. The study objects are BAZNAS, Rumah Zakat, Dompet Dhuafa, and YBM PLN with the 2016-2018 observation period. Personnel costs, operational costs, and socialization costs are input variables. While the output variables used are the amount of zakat collected and the amount of zakat distributed. The results of super-efficiency measurement show that the 3 best DMU rankings were achieved by YBM PLN 2016, BAZNAS 2018 and BAZNAS 2017. While the other 9 DMUs were inefficient. Inefficiency is due to the not optimal amount of zakat collected and zakat distributed and the high use of socialization costs. The variable of the amount of zakat collected is the most sensitive variable to the value of efficiency. To achieve performance efficiency, technology can be utilized to improve input and output. This research can be used as an evaluation material for zakat institutions to optimize efficiency. Keywords: Super Efficiency; Zakat Institution; Technology

Zakat institutions play an important role in managing zakat effectively and efficiently as described in Law no. 23 of year 2011. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of zakat institutions in Indonesia and determine the best ranking of the units observed. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with the Super Efficiency Analysis technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The study objects are BAZNAS, Rumah Zakat, Dompet Dhuafa, and YBM PLN with the 2016-2018 observation period. Personnel costs, operational costs and socialization costs are input variables. While the output variables used are the amount of zakat collection and the amount of zakat distribution. The results of super-efficiency measurement show that the 3 best DMU rankings were achieved by YBM PLN 2016, BAZNAS 2018 and BAZNAS 2017. While the other 9 DMUs were inefficient. Inefficiency is due to the not optimal amount of zakat collected and distributed and the high use of socialization costs. The variable of the amount of zakat collected is the most sensitive variable to the value of efficiency. To achieve performance efficiency, technology can be utilized to improve input and output. This research can be used as an evaluation material for zakat institutions to optimize efficiency.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana reaksi pasar terhadap pengumuman merger bank syariah BUMN, yaitu BRI Syariah, Bank Syariah Mandiri, dan Bank BNI Syariah menjadi bank Syariah Indonesia, sehingga diketahui efisiensi pasarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif degan metode event study untuk meganalisis reaksi pasar terhadap suatu peristiwa. Ada atau tidak adanya reaksi pasar akan diukur melalui variabel abnormal return (AR) dan trading volume activity (TVA). Subyek penelitian ini adalah BRI Syariah (BRIS) yang merupakan existing company merger dan satu-satunya yang sudah listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Uji Paired Sample t-Test pada AR dan TVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan abnormal return yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman merger, namun signifikan pada TVA. Bagi investor, pengumuman merger direaksi oleh pasar secara positif, namun tidak berlebihan sehingga tidak memberikan abnormal return yang signifikan. Adanya keputusan merger membuat pasar saham lebih aktif yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya TVA. Lebih lanjut, adanya informasi merger perusahaan tidak selalu disertai dengan abnormal return. Maka dari itu, investor disarankan untuk tidak melakukan spekulasi berlebihan menghadapi informasi merger tersebut. Kata Kunci: Bank Syariah, Merger, Abnormal Return, Volume Perdagangan. ABSTRACT This study aims to determine how the market reaction to the announcement of the merger of state-owned Islamic banks, namely BRI Syariah, Bank Syariah Mandiri, and Bank BNI Syariah to become Indonesian Islamic banks, so that market efficiency is known. This research uses a quantitative approach with the event study method to analyze the market reaction to an event. The presence or absence of market reaction will be measured through abnormal return (AR) and trading volume activity (TVA) variables. The subject of this research is BRI Syariah (BRIS) which is the existing company merger and the only one that has been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The analytical technique used is the Paired Sample t-Test on AR and TVA. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in abnormal returns before and after the announcement of the merger, but it is significant for TVA. For investors, the market reacted positively to the announcement of the merger, but not excessively so that it did not provide a significant abnormal return. The merger decision made the stock market more active, which was marked by an increase in TVA. Furthermore, information about company mergers is not always accompanied by abnormal returns. Therefore, investors are advised not to make excessive speculation regarding the merger information. Keywords: Bank Shariah, Merger, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Al Islami, M. A. F., & Mawardi, I. (2019). Analisis reaksi pasar terhadap pengumuman right issue (Studi kasus pada saham yang terdaftar di ISSI). Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori Dan Terapan, 6(6), 1101–1113. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20196pp1101-1113 Chhetri, S. D., & Baral, R. P. (2018). Event study of effect of merger announcement on stock price in Nepal. Journal of Business and Management, 5(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.3126/jbm.v5i0.27390 Crouzille, C., Lepetit, L., & Bautista, C. (2008). How did the Asian stock markets rexct to bank mergers after the 1997 financial crisis? Pacific Economic Review, 13(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0106.2008.00395.x Dodd, P. (1980). Merger proposals, management discretion and stockholder wealth. Journal of Financial Economics, 8(2), 105–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(80)90014-8 Jackson, L. A. (2015). Market reaction to bidder announcements of horizontal mergers in an oligopolistic industry: Evidence from the US airline industry. Tourism Economics, 21(6), 1255–1271. https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2014.0401 Jayaraman, N., Frye, M. B., & Sabherwal, S. (2001). Informed trading around merger announcements: An empirical test using transaction volume and open interest in options market. Financial Review, 36(2), 45–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540 Mackinlay, A. C. (1997). Event Studies in Economics and Finance. Journal of Economic Literature, 35(1), 13–39. Mcwilliams, A., & Siegel, D. (1997). Event studies in management research: Theoretical and empirical issues. Academy of Management Journal, 40(3), 626–657. https://doi.org/10.2307/2570566288.2001.tb00010.x Moin, A. (2004). Merger, akuisisi & divestasi. Yogyakarta: Ekonisia. OJK. (2020). Data dan statistik perbankan syariah. Retrieved from https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/Default.aspx Reddy, K., Qamar, M., & Yahanpath, N. (2019). Do mergers and acquisitions create value?: The post-M&A performance of acquiring firms in China and India. Studies in Economics and Finance, 36(2), 240–264. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-01-2018-0027 Tandelilin, E. (2010). Portofolio dan investasi. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.

The utilization of Islamic social finance instruments is far behind what is expected. To realize its full potential, Islamic social finance instruments must be integrated. This study examined solutions and priority strategies for integrating sustainable Islamic social finance that could be implemented in the short and long term using the Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, and Risk (BOCR) framework, which includes six aspects: Governance, sustainable financing, institutional aspect, human resources, regulations, and supporting technology. This qualitative research employed the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method using the benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk analysis. The data were obtained mainly through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with respondents among academics, practitioners, associations, regulators, and community leaders. The respondents were selected for their expertise and experience in the selected topic. The data were processed using the Microsoft Excel and Super Decision software. There are several findings worth considering from the analysis. First, the highest priority in integrating Islamic social finance aspects are human resources (0.97), regulation (0.86), and technology (0.76). Second, based on the short- and long-term analysis, financial integration through sustainable financing (0.01 and 1.44, respectively) and improving human resource quality through certification and training (0.01 and 1.56, respectively) is a priority solution and strategy to integrate sustainable Islamic social finance. Meanwhile, according to expert judgments, integrating national data (0.24) and optimizing technology use (0.18) are priority solutions and strategies. The findings emphasize the critical role of improving human resource quality to utilize technology, with experts identifying a national data integration as the most critical solution. As a result, relevant stakeholders are concerned about technology management training for Islamic philanthropic managers, with the goal of maximizing the potential of technology’s growing role and adoption.

Purpose of the study: This study discusses the differences of Internet Financial Reporting Quality between Islamic Bank and Conventional Bank in Indonesia as a means of banking management communication with their stakeholders. The Internet Financial Reporting quality form assessed by four components based on Internet Financial Reporting Index, which are content, timeliness, technology and user support. Methodology: This study used a quantitative approach with independent sample T-test. The hypothesis testing tool is assisted by SPSS 22 data processing software. The data of this study were collected from the official website for each bank institution, and for the sample that chooses this study used a purposive sampling technique. Main Findings: : There is a significant difference at the 5% significance level between Internet Financial Reporting quality between the two, with the result that conventional bank has better quality than Islamic bank. On the contrary, in the technology and user support component, there are insignificant differences. Applications of this study: The results of this study are useful for several parties involved. First for the stakeholders of the banking industry in Indonesia. Second for banks in Indonesia. Third for regulators, it is expected to be able to provide more detailed regulations. Finally, it gave an opportunity to other researchers for making some further study. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is the first study that comprehensively compares the quality of Internet Financial Reporting in Islamic and conventional banking institutions. This study also succeeded to find that in management communication to stakeholders using Internet Financial Reporting, Islamic Banks were able to compete with Conventional Banks.

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine foreign debt as a source of financing for economic development. This research is expected to provide (1) an overview of debt as a source of funding for state projects, (2) investigate its impacts and (3) offer additional knowledge of its Islamic perspective. Methodology: This research is a qualitative study using the study literature approach. This research is conducted by analysing books, literature, journals, and magazines with themes related to the focus of the discussion on this study. It is expected that the method used can provide insight, general knowledge, and develop the view of Islam in relation to foreign debt. Main Findings: The government has to ensure that the state has the ability to pay off its obligations in the future; guarantee that loans have to be free from interest; prioritize taking loans from internal sources rather than external sources. In Addition, debts are not intended for deferred needs and not taking loans that exceed their needs. Applications of this study: basically the results of this study can be applied to any country that considers the use of public debt, like other Islamic systems. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is conceptual research in an Islamic perspective. This study successfully examined comprehensively related to the public debt with the Islamic approach.

This study was made with the aim to examine the effect of profitability, company size, company age, growth opportunity, liquidity and dividend payout ratio on the capital structure of Islamic issuers listed in the JII (Jakarta Islamic Index). The method in this study uses multiple regression analysis techniques with Random Effet Model (REM) selected as the best model for estimating panel data regression, where in estimating the General Least Saquare (GLS) regression test is used. And produce profitability and dividend payout ratio as a significant variable and this also proves its effect partially on leverage (DER). While simultaneously profitability, company size, company age, liquidity and dividend payout ratio significantly influence leverage (DER).Keywords: profitability, company size, company age, growth opportunity, liquidity, dividend payout ratio, pecking order theory, capital structureREFFERENCE Ahmad, Rodoni dan Herni, Ali. (2010). Manajemen keuangan. Jakarta: Penerbit Mitra Wacana Media.Arief, Bramantyo. (2011). Analissis pengujian teori pecking order melalui keterkaitan profitabilitas, struktuk asset, ukuran perusahaan dan kesempatan bertumbuh terhadap financial leverage periode 2006-2009 (Studi kasus pada emiten syariah di JII). Skripsi tidak diterbitkan. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.Chen et al. (2011). How the pecking order theory explain capital structure. International Journal of Management Studies, 1-9.Darminto dan Manurung, Adler Haymans. (2008). Pengujian teori trade-off dan pecking order dengan satu model dinamis pada perusahaan publik di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 1(1), 35-52.Dimitri, Michael dan Sumani. (2013). Analisis pengaruh likuiditas, profitabilitas, ukuran, usia, dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap struktur modal. Jurnal Manajemen. 11(1), 82-105.Eviani, Anantia Devi. (2015). Pengaruh struktur aktiva, pertumbuhan penjualan, dividen payout ratio, likuiditas, dan profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal.Jurnal Akuntansi dan Sistem Teknologi Informasi, 11(2), 194 – 202.Ghozali, I (2011). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program SPSS. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.Gujarati. Damodar N and porter Dawn C. (2009). Basic econometrics, fifth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Hasan and Safdar (2005). Impact of ownership structure and corporate governance on capital structure of Pakistani llisted companies. International Journal of Business & Management, 4(2).Liu. Yuanxin & Ning. Xiangbo. (2009). Empirical research of the capital structure influencing factor of electric power listed companies. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 1(1), 43-49. DOI:10.5539/ijms.v1n1p43Mau, Jefrianus, dkk. (2015). Pengaruh profitabilitas, umur dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap struktur modal. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 11(2), 147-156.Myers. C Stewart. (1984). The Capital Stucture Puzzle. The Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575-592.Myers , S and Majluf. (1984). Corporate financing and investment decision when firms have information investors do not have. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2), 187-221.Rahman Hakim, Arief. (2013). Pengaruh struktur aktiva, Profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan dan likuiditas terhadap struktur modal (studi kasus pada perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdatar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Skripsi tidak diterbitkan. Jakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah.Dewi, Sofia Prima dan Keni Keni. (2013). Pengaruh Umur Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Leverage terhadap Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan. Jurnal Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 15(1), 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34208/jba.v15i1.203

The research aims to find out how to determine investors' decisions in transacting Islamic shares in the capital market. The method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. The informant determining technique uses snowball and purposive sampling. data collection techniques using direct interviews, documentation and observation. After collecting data, the results of the study were analyzed using triangulation analysis to arrive at conclusions. The results of this study show that investors in transacting Islamic shares are divided into three parts, namely: from the type of investor, from the purpose of choosing Islamic shares and looking at the macro or micro side.Keywords: investor preferences, sharia stock, type of investors, macro side, micro sideREFFERENCE Bungin, B. (2011). Penelitian kualitatif. Jakarta: Kencana.Bursa Efek Indonesia. (2010). Panduanindeks harga saham bursa efek Indonesia. Jakarta: Bursa Efek Indonesia.Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia. (2012). Al-Quran dan terjemahannya. Jakarta: Departemen Agama Republik IndonesiaFardiansyah. (2002). Kiat dan strategi menjadi investor piawai. Jakarta: PT. Elex Media Komputindo.Ghozali, Imam. (2011). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 19, edisi kelima. Semarang: Universitas DiponegoroHuda, N., & Mustafa Edwin Nasution. (2007). Investasi pada pasar modal syariah. Jakarta: Kencana.Husnan, S. (2003). Dasar-dasar teori portofolio dan analisis sekuritas. Yogyakarta: UPP STIM YKPN.Jogiyanto. (2010). Teori portofolio dan analisis investasi. Yogyakarta: BPFE.Kertonegoro, S. (2000). Analisa dan manajemen investasi. Jakarta: PT. Widya Press.Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2003). Himpunan fatwa-fatwa Dewan Syariah nasional. Jakarta: DSN MUI bekerjasama dengan Bank Indonesia.Melicher, R., & Edgar A., N. (2003). Finance: Introduction to institutions, investment, and management. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Ryandono, M. Nafik Hadi. (2009). Bursa efek dan investasi syariah. Jakarta: PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta.Oyedele, J. B., McGreal, S., Adair, A., & Ogedengbe, P. (2013). Performance and role of European listed infrastructure in a mixed-asset portfolio. Journal of Financing Management of Property and Construction, 18(2), 160-183.Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, R&D, edisi 20. Bandung: Alfabeta.Sujawerni, Wiratna. (2014). SPSS untuk penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Baru Press.Susanti, & Syahyunan. (2012). Analisis pembentukan portofolio optimal saham dengan menggunakan model indeks tunggal (studi pada saham LQ-45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode Agustus 2009-Juli 2012). Media Informasi Manajemen, 1(4), 1-13.Tandelilin, E. (2010). Portofolio dan investasi. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.

The objective of this study is to propose the synergy model for Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises’ (MSME) Empowerment between the Islamic Rural Bank and zakah institutions in Indonesia. Currently in Indonesia, there is no formal standard related to Islamic financing that can synergize all stakeholders to empower MSME with utilize Islamic social funds (zakah, infaq, and sadaqat). This research used descriptive qualitative method. The result is the Islamic Rural Bank, government and zakah institutions have a synergy model and can play a strategic role to empower MSME with PUSYAR/General Islamic financing. This research indicate that PUSYAR program, within 4 years, can serve 46.93% MSME which is not bankable yet with non-performing credit (NPL) is 0%. The synergy and model that proposed can provide benefits for governments, practitioners and academics in maximizing the empowerment of MSMEs