1. Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies of the Interaction of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs with a Carrier Protein: an Interesting Case of Inner Filter Effect and Intensity Enhancement in Protein Fluorescence.
- Author
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Ali MS and Al-Lohedan HA
- Subjects
- Fluorescence, Animals, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Carrier Proteins chemistry, Protein Binding, Molecular Docking Simulation, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Muramidase chemistry, Muramidase metabolism, Indomethacin chemistry, Indomethacin metabolism, Diclofenac metabolism, Diclofenac chemistry, Spectrometry, Fluorescence
- Abstract
Interaction of diclofenac and indomethacin with lysozyme was studied using several spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Difference UV-visible spectra showed that the absorption profile of lysozyme changed when both diclofenac and indomethacin were mixed with the former. The sequential addition of both drugs to the lysozyme solution caused the decrease of the intrinsic fluorescence of the latter, however, when the data were corrected for inner filter effect, an enhancement in the fluorescence of lysozyme was detected. Accordingly, the fluorescence enhancement data were analyzed using Benesi-Hildebrand equation. Both, diclofenac and indomethacin showed good interaction with lysozyme, although, the association constants of indomethacin were nearly two-fold higher as compared to that of diclofenac. The binding was slightly more spontaneous in case of indomethacin and the major forces involved in the binding of both drugs with lysozyme were hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Secondary structural analysis revealed that both drugs partially unfolded lysozyme. Results obtained through molecular docking were also in good agreement with the experimental outcomes. Both, diclofenac and indomethacin, are bounded at the same site inside lysozyme which is located in the big hydrophobic cavity of the protein., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
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