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Social forestry has become an integral part of Indonesia's efforts to balance economic development, conservation of natural resources, and the well-being of local communities. The Jokowi administration has made significant efforts to promote this initiative, including allocating 12.7 million hectares of state forest areas and recognizing it as an instrument to address tenure issues in forest areas through the Omnibus Law on Job Creation with getting support from various regulations by relevant ministries. However, social forestry support is needed down to the local government/regional levels (provincial, regency, and village levels). This study aims to analyze the local government's support for implementing social forestry. We employ Social Network Analysis to identify local government entities and their relationships in implementation processes. Additionally, document analysis is used to assess the extent of local government support through their working documents. The study shows that local government support for the implementation is still limited, with its execution primarily concentrated within a few agencies. Social forestry has not yet fully become a strategy for achieving community well-being around forests, enhancing local economies, or protecting forest resources. Furthermore, stakeholders' understanding of social forestry, resource availability, and local government policies to support it remains limited. Improvements in these three aspects are necessary to ensure successful implementation at the regional levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 is seen as a black swan event widely affecting almost all sectors and sending a wave of uncertainty for micro, small, and medium enterprises (henceforth MSMEs) in Indonesia. Despite being the most affected, these sectors could stand under this pressure, remain, and regrow faster following this hit. The government, referring to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and several delegated regulations, intends to ease, protect, and empower the MSMEs and bring them further as leading sectors to recover the economy in Indonesia. This research aims to evaluate the degree of success of 28 government-driven programs according to Job Creation Law focused on the three aspects: ease, protection, and empowerment. With a backcasting method, it is necessary to work backwards to identify existing regulations and programs run at present time. Through constructive cross-examination, this research reveals that 15 programs worked successfully, 10 programs indicated an average degree of success, and 3 programs were categorized as poor degrees of success. This indicates that in general, the government’s programs aiming to ease, protect, and empower the MSMEs amidst the pandemic can serve as a legal breakthrough for the revival of the MSMEs. However, some programs need improvement to maximise the impact on the MSMEs.

Covid-19 is seen as a black swan event widely affecting almost all sectors and sending a wave of uncertainty for micro, small, and medium enterprises (henceforth MSMEs) in Indonesia. Despite being the most affected, these sectors could stand under this pressure, remain, and regrow faster following this hit. The government, referring to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and several delegated regulations, intends to ease, protect, and empower the MSMEs and bring them further as leading sectors to recover the economy in Indonesia. This research aims to evaluate the degree of success of 28 government-driven programs according to Job Creation Law focused on the three aspects: ease, protection, and empowerment. With a backcasting method, it is necessary to work backwards to identify existing regulations and programs run at present time. Through constructive cross-examination, this research reveals that 15 programs worked successfully, 10 programs indicated an average degree of success, and 3 programs were categorized as poor degrees of success. This indicates that in general, the government's programs aiming to ease, protect, and empower the MSMEs amidst the pandemic can serve as a legal breakthrough for the revival of the MSMEs. However, some programs need improvement to maximise the impact on the MSMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]