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The aimof this work is to study of standardization parameters and pharmacological properties of Harpagophytum procumbens (H. procumbens) root dry extract. Materials and methods– obtaining of H. procumbens root dry extract was performed in accordance with developed scheme that is characterized by simplicity and cost-effectiveness of technology compared to analogous scheme. Study of standardization parameters of obtained extract was performed in accordance with the requirements of the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.2., harmonized with the monograph «Harpagophyti extractum siccum» of the European Pharmacopoeia 9.5. Pharmacology study of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were conducted on the rat pawformalin-inducededema model. Results.Obtained H. procumbens root dry extract is a free flowing, non-hygroscopic, light brown powder with taste and odor that is specific to raw material of H. procumbens. Determined loss on drying was 3.2±0.18 %. Content of heavy metals in dry extract was not more than 0.01 % (100 ppm). Harpagoside was identified by TLC method. Chromatographic zones on the obtained chromatograms of the reference solution and test solutions are the same in intensity of a color, cross-over and sharpness of development. Based on the results of the research performed by HPLC method, it has been established that content of harpagoside in investigated H. procumbens root dry extract is 2.50±0.02 %. According to the results of pharmacological research it was found that investigated dry extract (the content of harpagoside is not less than 37.0 mg/kg) showed a higher activity compared to reference drug («Phong Te Thap»). Conclusions.A new method of obtaining dry extract of H. procumbens (3.5:1) was proposed. The developed green production technology is simple; it does not require special equipment and expensive solvents. A correspondence of quality parameters with the requirements of State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine and European Pharmacopoeia: appearance, identification of harpagoside and fructose, loss of drying, content of heavy metals, assay of harpagoside (2.50±0.02 %) was set. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. procumbens dry extract has been established

The aimof the study was to monitor the physical availability and socio-economic affordability of metformin hydrochloride medicines, which are used for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods.Medical and technological documentation on the standardization of medical care for patients with type II diabetes, data from the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine, software complex “Apteka” of the company “Morion” and data from the pharmaceutical market research analytical company “Pharmstandard” of the company “Morion” were used as research materials to determine indicators of physical availability and socio-economic affordability of metformin HCL medicines for the treatment of type II diabetes. Documentary, analytical methods, the method of marketing research and the method of logical summarization of data were used during the research. Results.According to the results of the analysis of the medical and technological documentation on the standardization of medical care for diabetes mellitus (DM) type II and the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine, a number of characteristics were formed for Metformin HCL pharmaceuticals, namely: tablets or film-coated tablets in a dose of 500 mg, which are manufactured: Ukrainian manufacturers (full cycle of production); Ukrainian manufacturers of tablets in bulk (primary and secondary packaging) and foreign manufacturers. The specified characteristics became the basis for the further selection of several metformin HCL medicines in terms of determining their indicators of physical availability and socio-economic affordability. When determining the physical availability of metformin HCL medications, it was established that Ukrainian-made pharmaceuticals (full production cycle) are presented in the wholesale chain of the pharmaceutical market in full. According to the socio-economic indicator of the solvency adequacy of payment capacity, among the metformin HCL pharmaceuticals, the most economically justified are the Ukrainian-made pharmaceuticals, which are made from tablets in bulk according to the full production cycle. Only 1 medicine was singled out among foreign-made ones, which has the lowest indicator of solvency adequacy for various categories of the population. Conclusions.Monitoring of indicators of physical availability and socio-economic affordability of metformin HCL medicines showed that the most economically justified for able-bodied people and people of retirement age is the use of the Ukrainian-made pharmaceuticals (full cycle and production from tablets in bulk) for the treatment of type II DM)

The amino acid composition of the roots of Harpagophytum procumbens was investigated by the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with preliminary derivatization. Sixteen free and thirteen bound amino acids were quantitatively determined. The content of protein-bound amino acids was calculated. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 85-91, 2019 (June)

Rheumatic diseases include more than 1000 nosological forms, among which the highest incidence is osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. The predominantly advanced age, the presence of comorbid diseases, the duration of the course of the disease and the need for concomitant treatment complicate the conduct of anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapy in such patients. Herbal medicines, in particular in the form of doses, due to the mildness of the action and the absence of significant side effects, can be used in the complex therapy of the acute period of rheumatic diseases, as well as for the prevention of relapse. The aim of the presented work was to develop the composition, technology and determination of the quality indices of herbal collection, which reveals analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for the prophylaxis and auxiliary therapy of a number of conditions in rheumatology. Materials and methods. In the course of research, the methods used in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0 (SPHU) were used. Results. As a result of the analysis of literary data and our own experimental studies on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of certain types of medicinal plant material, we have developed herbal collection that is recommended for the treatment and prevention of rheumatic diseases of the joints. Studies have been conducted on the development of quality collection indicators, which guarantee the effectiveness, safety, reproducibility of the imposed collection. The basic technological parameters of the raw material are determined: specific, bulk and volume mass, porosity, degree, degree of shredding. In order to prevent uneven mixing, an optimal degree of grinding of the raw material of the investigated collection, which ranges from 0.20 mm to 0.35 mm, is established, which allows obtaining a homogeneous mixture and contributes to the maximum yield of extractive and active substances. A series of experimental works aimed at studying the influence of the method of infusion (for 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes and until complete cooling) on the quality of the collected water extracts from the collection was conducted. The optimal method for setting the collection for 60 minutes is the best, since the content of extractives and flavonoids in the aqueous extract was highest and amounted to 49.57±0.52 % and 0.52±0.03 % respectively. Conclusions. The composition of the herbal drug was developed: Harpagophyti radiх, Sophoraе alabastra, Valvae fructus Phaseoli vulgaris, Polygoni avicularis herba with the following ratio of components 50: 20: 20:10. The technological parameters of the raw material are studied: specific, volumetric and bulk mass, porosity, singularity of raw materials. The optimum degree of shredding of raw material is established, which helps to maximally remove biologically active substances and extractives. Experimental way is determined the optimal mode of collection, which can be recommended to the consumer to obtain the maximum therapeutic effect.

The roots of Harpagophytum procumbens are the imported raw material on the territory of Ukraine, however a wide range of herbal drugs are based on it. Because of this conduct research works on verification of quality control techniques of the monograph «Devil’s claw root», which was included in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPhU) 2.0 for established of the relevance of the introduction of national requirements are need. Aim. To carry out experimental works on the verification of identification methods and quantitative determination of the active substances in the roots of Harpagophytum procumbens according to the requirements of the monograph of the European Pharmacopoeia (EPh) and SPhU 2.0. Materials and methods. Raw materials of Harpagophytum procumbens. The research was carried out by the way of determination the macroscopic, microscopic and quality indicators. Results. Studies showed that the roots of Harpagophytum procumbens, in the case determination of macroscopic, microscopic indicators, quality indicators such as: «Loss of drying», «Total ash», «Starch», qualitative and quantitative determination of biologically active substances (BAS) meet regulatory documentation – monographs EPh 8.0 and SPhU 2.0 «Devil’s claw Root». Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the raw materials of Harpagophytum procumbens meet the requirements of EPh and SPhU 2.0. The results of the studies have been taken for the development of the monograph SPhU 2.0 «Devil’s claw Root», which is presented without the introduction of additional national parts.

Aim. The aim of this work is to develop composition of combination drug in the form of hard-gelatin capsules «Memofit», determine technological and microbiological parameters of intermediate products and ready medicinal product and develop of manufacturing process for capsules «Memofit». Methods of the research. Investigations presented in the article were performed in accordance with the procedures described by the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPh Ukraine). The results of the research. Necessity of the development of dietary supplement to provide special dietary properties for the purpose of regulation of functions and systems of the organism within the physiologically normal states under the nervous system dysfunction was substantiated. Results of the study of pharmaco-technological and microbiological parameters of dry extracts that are included as a compound of hard-gelatin capsules «Memofit» were presented. Optimal technological parameters for manufacturing process of capsules «Memofit» were proposed. Results of mass balance for a batch of capsules «Memofit» proved rationality of selected manufacturing process were given. Technology of manufacturing process of capsules «Memofit» was introduced into the production on the TOV “DZ “GNCLS”. Conclusions . Possibility of the development of solid formulations in the form of capsules was established based on the obtained experimental findings of the determination of pharmaco-technological and microbiological parameters of dry extracts. It was shown that capsules «Memofit» are used in dietary food ration as additional source of biologically active substances for promoting normalization of brain function and sleep, improvement of attentiveness. This preparation has general tonic properties and improves mental and physical efficiency. Manufacturing process and process flow chart for this medication was substantiated

Shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens L.) genus of the Fabaceae family is a perennial plant that is common in Russia, Japan, Korea, Northeast, North and Central China. The roots of this plant contain 1-2 % of alkaloids (allomatrin, anagirin, isomatrin, matrine, sofofarpin, soforamin, soforanol), triterpene saponins (soyasaponin I), flavonoids (soforaflavosides I, II, III, IV, biosanin A, kuraridin, kurarin, Cushenols A, B, C, D, I, K, L, M, (-) - maakianin, neokurarinol, norkurarinone) and amino acids (proline, aspartic acid, glycine, argenine). Plant amino acids form a large group of organic compounds and have unique biological and pharmacological properties. Therefore, in recent years, scientists have paid great attention to the study of the amino acid composition of medicinal plants.The aim of our work was to determine the content of amino acids in the roots of shrubby Sophora (Sophora flavescens L.).Materials and methods: the study was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Identification of amino acids was performed by comparing the retention time with a mixture of amino acid standards (Agilent 5061-3334). The content of bound amino acids was determined by the difference between the content of free amino acids and their total content.Results and discussion: as a result of the study, the content of 15 amino acids was found and determined in the free and bound state of shrubby Sophora roots, of which 6 are irreplaceable (threonine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine).In a free state, proline (3.61 µg / mg) and aspartic acid (0.73 µg / mg) in the bound state - glycine (1.25 µg / mg), arginine (0.87 µg / mg) accumulated in large quantities, serine (0.84 µg / mg) and glutamic acid (0.80 µg / mg). In the free state, in the minimal quantities were accumulated methionine (0.024 μg / mg), glycine (0.040 μg / mg) and threonine (0.046 μg / mg), in the bound state - proline (0.079 μg / mg), aspartic acid (0.229 μg / mg) and methionine (0.231 µg / mg). An amino acid such as lysine was not found in the roots of shrubby Sophora.Conclusions: using the HPLC method, we determined the content of 15 free and bound amino acids in the roots of shrubby Sophora, of which 6 are irreplaceable. Monoaminomonocarboxy, monoaminodicarboxy, diaminomonocarboxylic, aromatic and heterocyclic amino acids were found in the series of bound acids. Considering that amino acids contribute to the rapid absorption and potentiation of the action of other biologically active substances (phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, organic acids, macro- and microelements) contained in plant raw materials, the study of the amino acids of the roots of Sophora flavescens L. is promising for use in official medicine and gives the opportunity to create new drugs of combined action based on the specified type of medicinal plant materials, Софора жовтіюча (Sophora flavescens L.) родини бобові (Fabaceae) – багаторічна рослина, яка поширена у Росії, в Японії, Кореї, Північно-східному, Північному і Центральному Китаї. Корені цієї рослини містять 1-2 % алкалоїдів (алломатрін, анагірин, ізоматрін, матрін, софокарпін, софорамін, софоранол), тритерпенові сапоніни (соясапонін I), флавоноїди (софорафлавозіди I, II, III, IV, біозанін А, курарідін, курарінон, кушеноли А, В, С, D, I, K, L, M; (-) - маакіанін, неокурарінол, норкурарінон) та амінокислоти (пролін, аспарагінова кислота, гліцин, аргенін). Рослинні амінокислоти утворюють велику групу органічних сполук та мають унікальні біологічні та фармакологічні властивості. Тому останнім часом науковці приділяють велику увагу вивченню амінокислотного складу лікарських рослин.Метою нашої роботи було визначення вмісту амінокислот у софори жовтіючої коренях (roots of Sophora flavescens L.).Матеріали та методи: Дослідження проводили методом високоефективної рідинної хроматографії (ВЕРХ). Ідентифікацію амінокислот проводили шляхом порівняння часів утримання з сумішшю стандартів амінокислот (Agilent 5061-3334). Вміст зв‘язаних амінокислот визначали шляхом віднімання вмісту вільних амінокислот від їх загального вмісту.Результати та обговорення: В результаті проведеного дослідження у софори жовтіючої коренях у вільному і зв’язаному стані було виявлено та визначено вміст 15 амінокислот, з яких 6 є незамінними (треонін, валін, метіонін, лейцин, ізолейцин, фенілаланін). У вільному стані у великій кількості накопичується пролін (3,61 мкг/мг) і аспарагінова кислота (0,73 мкг/мг); у зв’язаному стані – гліцин (1,25 мкг/мг), аргінін (0,87 мкг/мг), серин (0,84 мкг/мг) та глутамінова кислота (0,80 мкг/мг) .У вільному стані у найменшій кількості накопичується метіонін (0,024 мкг/мг), гліцин (0,040 мкг/мг) та треонін (0,046 мкг/мг); у зв’язаному – пролін (0,079 мкг/мг), аспарагінова кислота (0,229 мкг/мг) та метіонін (0,231 мкг/мг). Така амінокислота, як лізин не була знайдена у софорі жовтіючої коренях.Висновки: за допомогою метода ВЕРХ нами був визначений вміст 15 вільних та зв’язаних амінокислот у софори жовтіючої коренях, з яких 6 є незамінними. В ряду аналізованих кислот були виявлені моноаміномонокарбонові, моноамінодікарбонові, діаміномонокарбонова, ароматичні та гетероциклічні амінокислоти.З огляду на те, що амінокислоти сприяють швидкому засвоєнню і потенціюванню дії інших біологічно активних речовин (фенольних сполук, полісахаридів, органічних кислот, макро- та мікроелементів), що містяться у рослинній сировині, вивчення амінокислот roots of Sophora flavescens L. є перспективним для використання в офіційній медицині та дає можливість створення нових препаратів комбінованої дії на основі зазначеного виду лікарської рослинної сировини, Софора желтеющая (Sophora flavescens L.) семейство бобовые (Fabaceae) - многолетнее растение, которое распространено в России, в Японии, Корее, Северо-Восточном, Северном и Центральном Китае. Корни этого растения содержат 1-2 % алкалоидов (алломатрин, анагирин, изоматрин, матрин, софокарпин, софорамин, софоранол), тритерпеновые сапонины (соясапонин I), флавоноиды (софорафлавозиды I, II, III, IV, биозанин А, кураридин, кураринон, кушенолы А, В, С, D, I, K, L, M, (-) - маакианин, неокураринол, норкураринон) и аминокислоты (пролин, аспарагиновая кислота, глицин, аргенин). Растительные аминокислоты образуют большую группу органических соединений и имеют уникальные биологические и фармакологические свойства. Поэтому в последнее время ученые уделяют большое внимание изучению аминокислотного состава лекарственных растений.Целью нашей работы было определение содержания аминокислот в софоре желтеющей корнях (roots of Sophora flavescens L.).Материалы и методы: Исследование проводили методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ВЭЖХ). Идентификацию аминокислот проводили путем сравнения времени удержания со смесью стандартов аминокислот (Agilent 5061-3334). Содержание связанных аминоскислот определяли путем разницы между содержанием свободных аминокислот и их общего содержания.Результаты и обсуждение: В результате проведенного исследования в софоре желтеющей корнях в свободном и связанном состоянии было обнаружено и определено содержание 15 аминокислот, из которых 6 являются незаменимыми (треонин, валин, метионин, лейцин, изолейцин, фенилаланин). В свободном состоянии в большом количестве накапливается пролин (3,61 мкг/мг) и аспарагиновая кислота (0,73 мкг/мг) в связанном состоянии - глицин (1,25 мкг/мг), аргинин (0,87 мкг/мг), серин (0,84 мкг/мг) и глутаминовая кислота (0,80 мкг/мг).В свободном состоянии в минимальном количестве накапливается метионин (0,024 мкг/мг), глицин (0,040 мкг/мг) и треонин (0,046 мкг/мг) в связанном - пролин (0,079 мкг/мг), аспарагиновая кислота (0,229 мкг/мг) и метионин (0,231 мкг/мг). Такая аминокислота, как лизин не оказывалось в софоре желтеющей корнях.Выводы: с помощью метода ВЭЖХ нами был определен содержание 15 свободных и связанных аминокислот в софоре желтеющей корнях, из которых 6 являются незаменимыми. В ряду рассматриваемых кислот были обнаружены моноаминомонокарбонови, моноаминодикарбонови, диаминомонокарбонова, ароматические и гетероциклические аминокислоты.Учитывая то, что аминокислоты способствуют быстрому усвоению и потенцированию действия других биологически активных веществ (фенольных соединений, полисахаридов, органических кислот, макро- и микроэлементов), содержащиеся в растительном сырье, изучение аминокислот roots of Sophora flavescens L. является перспективным для использования в официальной медицине и даёт возможность создания новых препаратов комбинированного действия на основе указанного вида лекарственного растительного сырья

Aim of the work. The aim of the work was to develop methodological approaches to justify the selection of medicinal plants and phytopreparations for diseases of the hepatobiliary system and to determine aspects of their rational use. Methods. The studies were carried out by analyzing the scientific literature data and the results of our own experimental studies on determining the influence of groups of plant biologically active substances (BAS) on the links of the pathological process in diseases of the liver and bile ducts. Results. Hepatoprotectors of plant origin are quite a large group of drugs and account for more than half of all hepatoprotectors available on the pharmaceutical market. Among the popular medicinal plants and preparations based on them (mono- and multicomponent), the silybum marianum, the artichoke, the fumarium officinalis, the main groups of active substances are flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and alkaloids, respectively. However the spectrum of medicinal plants (and groups of biologically active substances) that is used to prevent and treat diseases of the hepatobiliary system is much broader. Therefore, the article substantiates the necessity of developing an algorithm for the selection of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases of the hepatobiliary system, which is based on the definition of the main etiological and pathogenetic aspects of liver and biliary tract diseases, the peculiarities of the use of medicinal plants whose spectrum is determined by different groups of biologically active compounds. Conclusions. Based on scientific data on the etiology, the main links of the pathological process and clinical and biochemical syndromes of diseases of the hepatobiliary system was presented the directions of treatment of these diseases with plant products. The necessity of development of methodological approaches to justify selection of medicinal plants and phytopreparations for diseases of the hepatobiliary system and to determine the aspects of their rational use is substantiated. The basic principles of the use of medicinal plants for diseases of the liver and bile ducts are formulated