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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main goal of this study is to isolate, select and determine the growth plant promoting ability of rhizobacteria in the stump and in the carob tree at the laboratory and seed level in order to have a bank of strains that can be used for the reforestation of the dry forest in Piura. Two composite samples of rhizosphere soil were obtained: one from stumps (felled trees) and the other from algarrobo trees, of which 16 and 18 bacterial strains were isolated, respectively. Measurements at a laboratory level included free nitrogen fixation, indolacetic acid, cellulolytic, and phosphate solubilizing production capacity. For each soil sample, five strains were selected with complementary (not antagonistic) properties to make an inoculating liquid and evaluate its effect on seed growth: 53 % for stumps, 37 % for trees, and 34 % for control (water). Inoculant strains were molecularly identified as Actinomycetes and other strains as Bacillus sp., B. paramycoides, B. wiedmannii, B. thuringiensis, and B. subtilis. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the rhizosphere of a dry forest carob, whether as a tree or stump, is an important source of rhizobacteria with plant-promoting capacity, which can be used to reforest the dry forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides replacing the mineral fertilization, the biological nitrogen fixation promoted by bacteria from genus Bradyrhizobium provides enough nitrogen to enable high yields in the soybean crop. The objective of this study was to compare the standard inoculation of a product containing Bradyrhizobium spp., either applied alone or associated to Azospirillum brasilense, to the preinoculation by seed treatment in the plant nodulation and productivity of soybean crop grains. The trial was implanted in november, 2020 in four locations (Mandaguaçu/PR, Marialva/PR, Paranavaí/PR, and Itaquiraí/MS) with different edaphoclimatic features. The design with randomized blocks was used, with seven treatments and five repetitions. The evaluated variables were number and dry mass of nodules in the beginning of flowering, dry biomass of the aerial portion, N content and total N in the aerial portion and grains, and grain yield. The results obtained in the four tests enabled to conclude that the inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. + Azospirillum brasilense by seed treatment of leaf spraying with Azospirillum showed to be technically feasible in the soybean crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A diversidade de híbridos de Cymbidium, e a crescente comercialização de orquídeas, reforça a necessidade da produção sustentável, sendo que a bioprospecção de bactérias diazotróficas pode demonstrar potencial de uso agrícola. Objetivou-se avaliar in vitro bactérias diazotróficas, isoladas de solo rizosférico e tecidos da orquídea Cymbidium, e analisar a capacidade de solubilização de fósforo, potássio e produção de fitormônios. Folhas, pseudobulbos e solo rizosférico foram isolados em cinco diferentes meios semissólidos e semisseletivos, NFb, JNFb, LGI, JMV e FAM, a fim de verificar a capacidade de fixação biológica de nitrogênio, por meio da película indicativa na superfície do meio. As bactérias foram agrupadas, de acordo com suas características morfológicas, em um dendrograma, e selecionadas a 75% de similaridade, testando-as quanto a produção de ácido indolacético (AIA). Os isolados que obtiveram destaques quanto a produção do referido fitormônio, foram testados em sua capacidade de solubilização de fósforo e potássio, usando como fonte, pó de rocha fosfatada, AO-15, e potássica, fonolito respectivamente. As 66 estirpes isoladas fixaram nitrogênio, e as 18 estirpes com 75% similaridade produziram AIA. As 8 estirpes que se destacaram na produção do ácido indolacético, na ausência e presença de triptofano, não solubilizaram fósforo, sendo que as estirpes UNIFENAS 100-589, UNIFENAS 100-591, UNIFENAS 100-600, UNIFENAS 100-604, foram capazes de solubilizar potássio, demonstrando o potencial de uso agrícola das bactérias promotoras de crescimento no cultivo da orquídea Cymbidium.

In recent years, large quantities of phosphate fertilizers have been applied to crops, including corn, generating high production costs for the producer. One strategy to minimize fertilizer costs and maximize the absorption and release of P from the soil is the use of microorganisms capable of forming associations and solubilizing less labile forms of P in the soil. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the development and productivity of corn crops as a function of doses of phosphorus associated with phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms. The experiment was carried out in the UNIVAG experimental field, in the municipality of Várzea Grande – MT, from July to November 2023. An experimental design was used in randomized blocks, in a 5x2 factorial scheme, with five doses of phosphate fertilizer (0, 60, 80, 100, 120 kg/ha) with and without BiomaPhos® inoculation via seed treatment, with three replications, totaling 30 plots. Morphological parameters were evaluated, such as plant height (m), height of insertion of the first ear (cm) and stem diameter (mm), while productive parameters were evaluated: productivity (kg/ha) and seed weight. thousand grains (g). There was no significant effect of the isolated doses and inoculant, as well as the interaction, on the morphological and productive parameters of the corn crop. The addition of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium), regardless of the phosphorus dose tested, did not interfere with the development and productivity of corn under the soil and climatic conditions in which the experiment was carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the bacterium Bacillus arayabhattai strain CMAA 1363 in promoting maize growth and productivity, comparing it with a commercial formulation of an inoculant based on Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5 Ab-V6. To this end, in each of four different edaphoclimatic regions, a trial was conducted consisting of six treatments as follows: four doses of B. aryabhattai, a standard dose of A. brasilense, and an absolute control, with four repetitions, totaling 24 experimental plots. The parameters evaluated were seed germination, phytotoxicity, plant height, stalk diameter, dry mass of the aerial parts and roots, and yield. The results showed that B. aryabhattai was not phytotoxic, promoted the growth of maize plants, and increased productivity at a dose of 4 mL kg-1 in a statistically similar way to the standard commercial product. Therefore, it may constitute a new inoculant for maize crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with lyophilised and/or activated Lactobacillus buchneri on lactic acid bacteria populations in corn silage. Experimental treatments consisted of corn silage without additives or silage with the inoculants of L. buchneri (1 x 105 cfu/g) applied according to the manufacturer’s recommendations (1 g/tonne fodder) in the forms of the lyophilised inoculant and pre-activated inoculant. Purified isolates from corn silage with and without the inoculant were identified, and 93% of the isolates corresponded to the lactic acid bacteria of the species Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the isolates, no bacteria of the species L. buchneri were detected. The application of lyophilised or activated L. buchneri improved the microbiological profile and reduced ethanol production in corn silage, even without being identified among the isolates captured 70 days after ensilage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo fue evaluar las características fermentativas, químicas y la estabilidad aeróbica de los ensilados de grano de maíz rehidratados con suero fluido (SF) o suero en polvo (SP) y agua, con o sin la adición de inoculante (I). El grano de maíz se molió e hidrató añadiendo agua sin cloro y/o suero para alcanzar el 35 % de humedad y se almacenó en silos de 4.36 kg. Tras 45 días de fermentación, se sometieron muestras de los ensilados a análisis químico-fermentativos en apertura de silos y 240 h de exposición al aire. Se considera que la estabilidad aeróbica de los ensilados evaluada durante 240 h se perdió cuando la temperatura de la masa ensilada sobrepasó la temperatura ambiente en 2 °C. Se observó una reducción en el contenido de fibra detergente ácida (FDA) y lignina de los ensilados con el uso de SF y SP. Los niveles de nitrógeno de amoniaco (NH3-N) fueron los más bajos para el SF y el SP (0.7 y 0.9 g/kg TN) y el pH fue de 4.31 para el SF tras 240 h de exposición aeróbica. El uso de inoculantes proporcionó mayores niveles de cenizas, extracto de éter (EE) y baja capacidad de amortiguación (BC), además de reducciones en los niveles de FDA. Los ensilados inoculados mostraron niveles más altos de NH3-N y de pH después de 240 h. El ensilado de granos de maíz rehidratados con SF proporcionó valores de pH ideales, un bajo contenido de NH3-N, niveles reducidos de FDA y lignina, y una mejor estabilidad aeróbica. Además de ser una alternativa sostenible, el uso de suero fluido para rehidratar los granos de maíz añade valor nutricional y mejora la fermentación del ensilado. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O uso de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas e a adubação nitrogenada pode melhorar o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas de cana-de-açúcar devido à melhoria na aquisição de nitrogênio pelas plantas. Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da interação entre a inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense e a aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura no crescimento inicial das plantas de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.). Foram utilizadas plantas de 25 dias, oriundas de minirrebolos de 3 cm de comprimento da variedade de cana-de-açúcar RB 86-7515, produzidas em bandejas plásticas contendo substrato comercial. As plantas foram transplantadas para vasos plásticos de 12 L. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, disposto em esquema fatorial 2 × 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela inoculação ou não das mudas com Azospirillum brasilense e pela aplicação de cinco doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 mg dm–3 de N). Aos 60 dias após o transplante das plantas, foram avaliadas o número de folhas (NF), número de perfilhos (NP), altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do colmo (DC), produção de matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e das raízes (MSR). Os resultados evidenciaram que a aplicação de inoculante contendo Azospirillum brasilense durante a fase de crescimento inicial das plantas tem efeito benéfico no desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar somente quando associado com altas doses de nitrogênio em cobertura. Na ausência de adubação nitrogenada, a variedade de cana‑de‑açúcar RB 86-7515 tem resposta negativa à inoculação das plantas com Azospirillum brasilense.

Objetivou-se avaliar a altura das plantas, os componentes de rendimento e o rendimento final da cultura da soja, após a utilização de inoculante e de fertilizante nitrogenado de maneira isolada ou conjunta. Para isso, foram utilizados quatro tratamentos: Tratamento 1: testemunha, sem inoculante e sem fertilizante; Tratamento 2: aplicação de inoculante líquido a base da bactéria Bradyrhizobium momentos antes da semeadura; Tratamento 3: aplicação de 46 kg de nitrogênio por hectare no estádio fenológico de R3; e Tratamento 4: aplicação de inoculante líquido a base da bactéria Bradyrhizobium momentos antes da semeadura + aplicação de 46 kg de nitrogênio por hectare no estádio fenológico de R3. Em relação aos parâmetros avaliados, observamos que os tratamentos 2, 3 e 4 permitiram maior estatura de planta, maior número de pods/planta, maior PMS e maior produtividade. Além disso, constatou-se que a associação entre Bradyrhizobium e nitrogênio mineral propiciou um aumento significativo no número de pods por planta comparado aos demais tratamentos. Ressalta-se que a utilização de fertilizantes nitrogenados pode ser mais eficiente do que a inoculação, porém pode elevar o custo da lavoura de maneira não proporcional à resposta produtiva. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a inoculação é a alternativa mais viável no suprimento da demanda de N na cultura da soja.

Growth-promoting bacteria in agriculture have become an important tool to improve crop performance and productivity in the face of climate change and deteriorating soil conditions. Bacillus simplex is a recently developed active ingredient for the growth promotion of corn and soybean in Brazil. This study compared three methods to quantify B. simplex colony-forming units in the inoculant product and evaluated the treatment effects of four different concentrations of a B. simplex-based inoculant on corn and soybean root and shoot dry weight, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and yield. Field trials were performed at four different locations for each crop, in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná for corn, and in Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, and Paraná for soybean. The performance of B. simplex was compared to an Azospirillum brasilense-based inoculant, a polymer seed treatment, and untreated controls. The results showed that the official MAPA method for quantifying microbes in inoculants recovered the highest number of B. simplex colonies. However, all three evaluated quantification methods recovered over 100 million colony-forming units per mL (108 CFU.mL-1). The field results showed that the B. simplex inoculant generally increased corn and soybean yields as much or more as the A. brasilense product and that the polymer seed treatment had no impact on yield. The treatment effect on root and shoot weight, and NDVI, was inconsistent. This research shows that B. simplex is quantifiable with three different methods and that it can improve yield in corn and soy. The Bacillus simplex-based inoculant has the potential to become widely used in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Black wattle is a forest species of great economic importance in the southern of Brazil. Researches for vegetative propagation methods to constitute clonal forests are effective to increase forest productivity. The goal of this work was to evaluate the action of compounds of root promotion in minicuttings of Acacia mearnsii as an alternative to vegetative propagation to the species. The experiment was conducted in July/2018 (winter season), with one negative control, two concentrations of indole butyric acid – IBA (2000 and 4000 mg L-1) and two concentrations of AzoTotal™ (100% e 50%), an inoculant containing Azospirillum brasilense bacterium. In the IBA treatments, the base of minicuttings remained immersed in hydroalcoholic solution 50% for 10 seconds and for the inoculant treatments during 15 minutes. The experiment took place in a greenhouse and after 45 days they were evaluated: the percentage of rooted minicutting; number of roots per minicutting; length of the three largest roots per minicutting; percentage of minicuttings with calluses; percentage of minicuttings survival; percentage of minicutting with budding and percentage of minicutting that kept the leaflets. There was significant difference between treatments considering rooted minicuttings, number of roots by minicutting, length of the three largest roots by minicutting, and there were not observed differences to the other variables analyzed. The use of IBA was more effective for the vegetative propagation process in this species.

Soybean is the most important crop in the world due to growing external demand. Nevertheless, its production requires a high use of pesticides. Trichoderma is a fungal genus with the potential to promote plant growth because of its broad metabolic arsenal. Because it increases efficiency in several cultures, Trichoderma spp. have the potential to be used as an alternative to chemicals. Given this context, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of the ICB Nutrisolo Trichoderma® inoculant on parameters related to soybean growth and production. Crops with five different soil and climate conditions were evaluated in Rio Grande do Sul State (southern Brazil) using parameters such as average plant height, average plant population, average number of grains/pod, number of pods/plant average, and average weight of one thousand grains, which revealed the results of productivity. The ICB Nutrisolo Trichoderma® increased plant height, number of pods, and grain weight, consequently increasing productivity in soybean plants. In this way, it was possible to characterize the product ICB Nutrisolo Trichoderma® as a growth-promoting inoculant for the soybean crop, increasing the scope of product registration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Non-pelleted and pelleted seeds of maca (Lepidium meyenii W.) inoculated with three strains (C32, DZ50 and AC7) were compared at in-vitro and greenhouse tests. Percentage of germination and dry weight of plant were measured in-vitro level. Percentage of emergence, root and shoot dry weight were measured in greenhouse. Both germination and emergence percentages were higher in pelleted than non-pelleted treatments. In vitro dry weights of all the pelleted treatments were higher than non-pelleted; pelleted and non-pelleted inoculated dry weights were higher than controls without inoculant. The amount of viable cells and water activity (Aw) of pelleted and non-pelleted seeds were measured; pelleted treatments tend to preserve these two parameters over time.

The present work aimed to evaluate the germination, vigor and health of soybean seeds as a function of the treatment of seeds with biological products based on Trichoderma harzianum and Azospirillum brasilense and with chemical fungicide. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Doctor Francisco Maeda College, Ituverava, SP. Soybean seeds of cultivar TMG 7062 were used. The evaluated treatments were: I - No Treatment (control), II - Chemical Fungicide Treatment: Carboxin + Thiram; III- Treatment with biological fungicide Trichoderma spp., IV- Treatment with inoculant Azospirillum spp., V- Fungicide + Azospirillum spp., VITrichoderma spp. + Azospirillum spp., VII - Fungicide + Trichoderma spp. + Azospirillum spp. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by the tests of: first germination count, germination, accelerated aging and seedling dry mass and seed health by the filter paper method. It was concluded that the chemical fungicide was the efficient one in the control of the fungi found in the seeds and associated with the inoculant Azospirillum brasilense increased germination of soybean seeds. A. brasilense improved seed vigor and Trichoderma harzianum resulted in higher plant growth, demonstrating the effect of these microorganisms as growth promoters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CienciaUAT is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effects of the interaction between the inoculation of the pre-sprouted seedlings with Azospirillum brasilense and the nitrogen fertilization in topdressing on the development of sugarcane plants (Saccharum officinarum). Pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings, produced from 3.0 cm long mini-stems of the RB867515 variety, were transplanted 25 days after sprouting into 12 L plastic pots. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme: two inoculation treatments [without (control) and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense] and five application rates of N fertilizer in topdressing (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg dm-3 of N), with four repetitions. The inoculation with A. brasilense was carried out in transplanting the seedlings using 4 mL of the inoculum AzoTotal® per seedling, containing the strains AbV5 and AbV6. The nitrogen fertilization in topdressing was performed at 20 days after transplanting the seedlings as urea (45% of N). The results reported that the application of N fertilizer rates in topdressing resulted in a linear increase in plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, number of tillers and dry matter production of plants inoculated with A. brasilense. When the plants were not inoculated with A. brasilense, nitrogen fertilization resulted in an increase also in the number of leaves and tillers per plant. The use of A. brasilense inoculation in pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings has a beneficial effect on the development of plants only when associated with nitrogen fertilization in topdressing. Sugarcane plants not fertilized with N have a negative response to inoculation with A. brasilense, indicating the occurrence of possible phytotoxic effects on plant development up to 60 days after transplanting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Actualmente existen opciones biológicamente sustentables que pueden sustituir parcialmente la fertilización sintética de los cultivos, disminuyendo los costos de producción. Para evaluar la respuesta de 18 variedades de maíz a la fertilización sintética (FQ), fertilización sintética más inoculante (FQB) y fertilización sintética más composta (FQC), en 2010 se establecieron dos experimentos en condiciones de temporal en el valle de Puebla, bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo en parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones, a las parcelas grandes se les asignó el tipo de fertilización y en las parcelas chicas se integraron los genotipos de maíz. No se encontraron diferencias en rendimiento de grano y rastrojo por tipo de fertilización. Los resultados mostraron interacción de las variedades con los tipos de fertilización y localidad. En la interacción variedad por tipo de fertilización se encontró que el 55.6% de las variedades mostró mayores rendimientos con FQC, mientras que el 27.8% con FQB y el 16.7% con FQ. En San Andrés Calpan se obtuvieron los mayores rendimientos de rastrojo con FQC (8.8 Mg ha 1) mientras que en San Pedro Tlaltenango estos se obtuvieron con la FQB (15.3 Mg ha 1) y FQ (15.4 Mg ha 1). El empleo combinado de fertilizante sintético con inoculantes o composta mantiene e incrementa los rendimientos de grano y rastrojo al obtenido sólo con la fertilización sintética.

O feijão-caupi é uma das leguminosas mais cultivadas e consumidas no Brasil, com destaque na região Nordeste pelas condições edafoclimáticas favoráveis à cultura, entretanto é uma cultura muito exigente em nitrogênio. O objetivo foi avaliar a produtividade de quatro cultivares de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata) sob os efeitos da inoculação de suas sementes com estirpes de rizóbios. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, no período de abril a julho de 2013. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com fatorial 4 × 2, quatro cultivares de feijão (preto, sempre verde, cariri e quebra cadeira) e dois tratamentos com e sem inoculação das sementes com as estirpes SEMIA 6462). Avaliaram-se o número de nódulos, número de vagens por planta, comprimento de vagens, número de grãos por vagens, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade em grãos. A cultivar de feijão Preto produz vagens e quantidade de grãos menores, devido à competição na planta pela maior emissão de vagens. Essa cultivar é mais receptiva à aplicação de inoculantes nas sementes e rende mais em massa de grãos e produtividade. A aplicação de inoculante nas sementes de feijão-caupi perde muito em eficiência, possivelmente pela competição com as bactérias nativas do solo que também fixam nitrogênio do ar e se associam a plantas de leguminosas, não sendo viável a inoculação de sementes de feijão-caupi nas circunstâncias do referido estudo.

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Black wattle is a forest species of great economic importance in the southern of Brazil. Researches for vegetative propagation methods to constitute clonal forests are effective to increase forest productivity. The goal of this work was to evaluate the action of compounds to promote rooting in minicuttings of Acacia mearnsii as an alternative to vegetative propagation to the species. We conducted the experiment in July/2018 (winter season) with one negative control, two concentrations of indole butyric acid - IBA (2000 and 4000 mg L-1) and two concentrations of AzoTotal™ (100% e 50%), an inoculant containing Azospirillum brasilense bacterium. In the IBA treatments, the base of minicuttings remained immersed in hydroalcoholic solution 1:1 for 10 seconds and for the inoculant treatments during 15 minutes. The experiment took place in a greenhouse and after 45 days, we evaluated the percentage of rooted minicutting; number of roots per minicutting; length of the three largest roots per minicutting; percentage of minicuttings with calluses; percentage of minicuttings survival; percentage of minicutting with budding and percentage of minicutting that kept the leaflets. There was significant difference between treatments considering rooted minicuttings, number of roots by minicutting, length of the three largest roots by minicutting and we did not observe differences to the other variables analyzed. The use of IBA at 4000 mg L-1 (63.7% of rooted minicuttings) was more effective for the vegetative propagation process in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecno-Lógica is the property of Tecno-Logica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande destaque na economia, em razão da produção de açúcar, etanol e energia. Tecnologias que possam contribuir para o aumento da produtividade e qualidade da cultura com mínimos danos ao meio ambiente são necessárias. Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de ácido indol acético de cinco estirpes de bactérias diazotróficas e o efeito da inoculação delas na brotação de duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar, RB867515 e IACSP95-5000. A produção de auxina foi determinada pelo teste colorimétrico, usando o reagente de Salkowski. Para avaliar a germinação, foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos: controle não inoculado; inoculação mista com as cinco estirpes e inoculação individual com Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (Gd) estirpe BR11281T(PAL-5T), Herbaspirillum seropedicae (Hs - BR11335 = HRC54), Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans (Hr - BR11504 = HCC103), Burkholderia tropica (Bt - BR11366T = PPe 8 T) e Azospirillum amazonense (Aa - BR11145 = CBAMc). As bactérias mais eficientes na produção de auxina foram Hs e Hr, declinando 48 h após o crescimento. Hr, Aa e Bt aumentaram o índice de velocidade de germinação e o número de brotações nas duas variedades. Na var. RB867515, a velocidade de germinação ainda foi positivamente influenciada pela inoculação mista, sendo o mesmo observado pela inoculação de Gd na var. IACSP95-5000.

Plant species that naturally occur in the Brazilian Caatinga(xeric shrubland) adapt in several ways to these harsh conditions, and that can be exploited to increase crop production. Among the strategic adaptations to confront low water availability, desiccation tolerance stands out. Up to now, the association of those species with beneficial soil microorganisms is not well understood. The aim of this study was to characterize Tripogon spicatusdiazotrophic bacterial isolates from the Caatingabiome and evaluate their ability to promote plant growth in rice. Sixteen bacterial isolates were studied in regard to their taxonomic position by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, putative diazotrophic capacity, in vitro indole-acetic acid (IAA) production and calcium phosphate solubilization, metabolism of nine different C sources in semi-solid media, tolerance to different concentrations of NaCl to pHs and intrinsic resistance to nine antibiotics. Finally, the ability of the bacterial isolates to promote plant growth was evaluated using rice (Oryza sativa) as a model plant. Among the 16 isolates evaluated, eight of them were classified as Enterobacteriaceae members, related to Enterobacter andPantoeagenera. Six other bacteria were related toBacillus, and the remaining two were related toRhizobiumand Stenotrophomonas.The evaluation of total N incorporation into the semi-solid medium indicated that all the bacteria studied have putative diazotrophic capacity. Two bacteria were able to produce more IAA than that observed for the strain BR 11175Tof Herbaspirillum seropedicae.Bacterial isolates were also able to form a microaerophilic pellicle in a semi-solid medium supplemented with different NaCl concentrations up to 1.27 mol L-1. Intrinsic resistance to antibiotics and the metabolism of different C sources indicated a great variation in physiological profile. Seven isolates were able to promote rice growth, and two bacteria were more efficient than the reference strainAzospirillum brasilense, Ab-V5. The results indicate the potential of T. spicatus as native plant source of plant growth promoting bacteria.

Copyright of Nativa is the property of Revista Nativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se elaboraron tres soportes consistentes en una mezcla de suelo y compost, y se sometieron a tres tratamientos de esterilización fraccionada en autoclave en dos días consecutivos. La eficiencia de los tratamientos de esterilización se evaluó monitoreando la disminución en las poblaciones de hongos y bacterias mediante recuentos estándar en placa. La esterilización de todos los soportes se logró mediante un tratamiento por 45 minutos el primer día y 30 minutos el segundo día.

Besides fixing N2, some diazotrophic bacteria or diazotrophs, also synthesize organic acids and are able to solubilize rock phosphates, increasing the availability of P for plants. The application of these bacteria to pineapple leaf axils in combination with rock phosphate could increase N and P availability for the crop, due to the bacterial activity of biological nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization. The objectives of this study were: (i) to select and characterize diazotrophs able to solubilize phosphates in vitro and (ii) evaluate the initial performance of the pineapple cultivars Imperial and Pérola in response to inoculation with selected bacteria in combination with rock phosphate. The experiments were conducted at Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, in 2009. In the treatments with bacteria the leaf contents of N, P and K were higher than those of the controls, followed by an increase in plant growth. These results indicate that the combined application of diazotrophic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Burkholderia together with Araxá rock phosphate can be used to improve the initial performance of pineapple slips.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the contribution of efficient nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strains to grain yield of new cowpea cultivars, indicated for cultivation in the Brazilian Semiarid region, in the sub-medium of the São Francisco River Valley. Two experiments were set up at the irrigated perimeters of Mandacaru (Juazeiro, state of Bahia) and Bebedouro (Petrolina, state of Pernambuco). The treatments consisted of single inoculation of five rhizobial strains - BR 3267, BR 3262, INPA 03-11B, UFLA 03-84 (Bradyrhizobium sp.), and BR 3299T (Microvirga vignae) -, besides a treatment with nitrogen and a control without inoculation or N application. The following cowpea cultivars were evaluated: BRS Pujante, BRS Tapaihum, BRS Carijó, and BRS Acauã. A randomized complete block design, with four replicates, was used. Inoculated plants showed similar grain yield to the one observed with plants fertilized with 80 kg ha-1 N. The cultivars BRS Tapaihum and BRS Pujante stood out in grain yield and protein contents when inoculated, showing their potential for cultivation in the sub-medium of the São Francisco River Valley.

The sugarcane industry, a strategic crop in Brazil, requires technological improvements in production efficiency to increase the crop energy balance. Among the various currently studied alternatives, inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria proved to be a technology with great potential. In this context, the efficiency of a mixture of bacterial inoculant was evaluated with regard to the agronomic performance and N nutrition of sugarcane. The experiment was carried out on an experimental field of Embrapa Agrobiologia, in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, using a randomized block, 2 × 3 factorial design (two varieties and three treatments) with four replications, totaling 24 plots. The varieties RB867515 and RB72454 were tested in treatments consisting of: inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria, N-fertilized control with 120 kg ha-1 N and absolute control (no inoculation and no N fertilizer). The inoculum was composed of five strains of five diazotrophic species. The yield, dry matter accumulation, total N in the shoot dry matter and the contribution of N by biological fixation were evaluated, using the natural 15N abundance in non-inoculated sugarcane as reference. The bacterial inoculant increased the stalk yield of variety RB72454 similarly to fertilization with 120 kg ha-1 N in the harvests of plant-cane and first ratoon crops, however the contribution of biological N fixation was unchanged by inoculation, indicating that the benefits of the inoculant in sugarcane may have resulted from plant growth promotion.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência simbiótica de estirpes de bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio do gênero Bradyrhizobium com guandu-anão. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em vasos de Leonard, em vasos com solo e em campo. Foram testadas 11 estirpes em vasos de Leonard, e as que apresentaram maior eficiência em promover o crescimento do guandu-anão foram avaliadas em vasos com solo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo e Cambissolo) e em campo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo). Em todos os experimentos, os tratamentos foram comparados a dois controles positivos (estirpes aprovadas como inoculantes para as cultivares de guandu-anão BR 2003 e BR 2801) e a duas testemunhas sem inoculação, uma com alta concentração de N mineral, e a outra, a depender do experimento, sem N mineral (solo) ou com baixa concentração de N (vasos de Leonard). Algumas estirpes proporcionaram crescimento vegetal semelhante ou superior às estirpes-referência e às testemunhas em vaso de Leonard. Em vasos com solo, o tipo de solo influenciou os tratamentos. No campo, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, e as estirpes nativas promoveram bom crescimento. O guandu-anão é capaz de estabelecer associação simbiótica com bactérias fixadoras de N2, e a estirpe UFLA 03-320 apresenta potencial para ser recomendada para a cultura junto com a estirpe BR 2801.

Copyright of Terra Latinoamericana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal (RBSPA) is the property of Revista Brasileira de Saude e Producao Animal (RBSPA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The green bean crop is fairly widespread in the Peruvian southern coast which has desert features. At the laboratory level, we worked to produce the inoculant and to apply it in the field through a completely randomized blocks design. The treatments were the following: inoculant 2.5 x 107 cel g-1 soil, 2.5 x 108 cel g-1 soil, 2.5 x 109 cel g-1 soil, distilled water as a negative control, a fertilized and a biological control. The number of nodules per plant and percentage of effective nodules per plant were quantified. In each harvest the yield per hectare, per plant, the pod length and weight and the number of pods per plant were determined. The influence of inoculation with different concentrations of Rhizobium etli on the yield of this crop was determined. The inoculated treatment with a concentration of 2.5 x 109 cel g-1 soil generated the largest number of total nodules with an average of 47.67 and an effectiveness of 84.02%. This treatment produced a higher influence on the yield per hectare and per plant and the number of pods per plant, but it did not have a significant difference when it was compared with the fertilized control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inoculation with selected Rhizobium strains of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) contributes to the agricultural yield of this legume, improves soil fertility and reduces the use of nitrogen fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems. The research aimed to determine the effect in field of the native strain Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae COL6 on growth, N fixation and agricultural yield in common bean cv. Percal. A field trial was carried out to evaluate the parameters of nodulation, biomass, nitrogen fixation, yield components and agricultural yield in common bean. In addition, soil analyzes were performed before and after experimentation. Prior to planting an inoculant was formulated with the strain COL6. The seeds of cv. Percal were mixed in 250 g inoculant per 10 kg of seed and it was sown manually in the soil. The results of growth, N fixation (total N %) and agricultural yield demonstrated the positive effect of inoculation with the bacterial inoculant comparable with chemical fertilizers. The increase in agricultural yield with bacterial inoculant application and chemical fertilization with respect to control was 62 and 64 %, respectively. The results of the soil analysis were variable with respect to the initial physical-chemical characteristics. The promising results of bacterial inoculant use and the effective stimulation in common bean, open the doors for its potential use in Ecuadorian soils and with that the desired potential yield can be reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association of wild grasses with diazotrophic bacteria in Brazilian biomes is poorly understood. The isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with wild grasses can contribute to understand the diazotrophic ecology as well as to identify bacteria with biotechnological applications. In this study, we isolated and characterized diazotrophic bacterial isolates from Oryza glumaepatula collected in Cerrado and Forest areas of the Amazon in Roraima State, Brazil. Healthy O. glumepatula plants were collected at five sampling sites at Forest and seven at Cerrado, respectively. The plants were collected at the Cerrado areas in September 2008 while the Forest plants were collected in June/2008 and April/2009. The plants and the soil adhering to the roots were transferred to pots and grown for 35 days in greenhouse conditions. During the harvest, the shoots and the roots were crushed separately in a saline solution; the suspension was diluted serially and inoculated in Petri dishes containing Dyg’s medium. All distinct bacterial colonies were purified in the same medium. The diazotrophic capacity of each bacterium in microaerophilic conditions was assessed in semisolid BMGM medium. In addition, the pellicles forming bacterial isolates were also evaluated by PCR amplification for nifH gene. The diversity of nifH+ bacteria was analyzed by Box-PCR fingerprinting. For selected strains, the growth promoting capacity of O. sativa as a model plant was also evaluated. A total of 992 bacterial isolates were obtained. Fifty- one bacteria were able to form pellicles in the semisolid medium and 38 also positively amplified the 360bp nifH gene fragment. Among the 38 nifH+ isolates, 24 were obtained from the shoots, while 14 originated from the roots. The Box-PCR profiles showed that the bacterial isolates obtained in this study presented a low similarity with the reference strains belonging to the Herbaspirillum, Azospirillum and Burkholderia genus. The growth- promoting ability was confirmed for at least five isolates. For these bacteria, the root and shoot growing results showed higher increases when compared to those observed in plants inoculated with the evaluated reference strains. These results indicate that O. glumaepatula is colonized by a high diverse diazotrophic community in the Brazilian Amazon. Further investigations are now being carried out to determine the taxonomic positions of these isolates and their growth promoting mechanisms.