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1. Paléontologie : tableaux de classification à l'usage des candidats au certificat d'études supérieures de géologie et au diplôme supérieur, invertébrés / E. Fournier,... ; Université de Besançon, Institut de géologie et de minéralogie

Author: Institut de géologie et de minéralogie (Besançon). Éditeur scientifique, Fournier, Eugène (1872-1941). Auteur du texte, Institut de géologie et de minéralogie (Besançon). Éditeur scientifique, and Fournier, Eugène (1872-1941). Auteur du texte
Abstract: Avec mode texte
Published: 1910

2. Contribution à l'étude des minerais de fer de l'Ordovicien inférieur de Bretagne / Jean-Jacques Chauvel..

Author: Institut de géologie (Rennes). Éditeur scientifique, Chauvel, Jean-Jacques. Auteur du texte, Institut de géologie (Rennes). Éditeur scientifique, and Chauvel, Jean-Jacques. Auteur du texte
Abstract: Collection : Mémoires de la Société géologique et minéralogique de Bretagne ; 16, Contient une table des matières, Avec mode texte
Published: 1971

3. Extensional neotectonics around the bend of the Western/Central Alps: an overview

Author: Sue, Christian, Delacou, Bastien, Champagnac, Institut de Géologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Allanic Cecile, Tricart, Pierre, Burkhard, Martin, Sue, Christian, Delacou, Bastien, Champagnac, Institut de Géologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Allanic Cecile, Tricart, Pierre, and Burkhard, Martin
Abstract: The Western Alps’ active tectonics is characterized by ongoing widespread extension in the highest parts of the belt and transpressive/compressive tectonics along its borders. We examine these contrasting tectonic regimes using a multidisciplinary approach including seismotectonics, numerical modeling, GPS, morphotectonics, fieldwork, and brittle deformation analysis. Extension appears to be the dominant process in the present-day tectonic activity in the Western Alps, affecting its internal areas all along the arc. Shortening, in contrast, is limited to small areas located along at the outer borders of the chain. Strike-slip is observed throughout the Alpine realm and in the foreland. The stress-orientation pattern is radial for σ3 in the inner, extensional zones, and for σ1 in the outer, transcurrent/tranpressional ones. Extensional areas can be correlated with the parts of the belt with the thickest crust. Quantification of seismic strain in tectonically homogeneous areas shows that only 10–20% of the geodesy-documented deformation can be explained by the Alpine seismicity. We propose that, Alpine active tectonics are ruled by isostasy/buoyancy forces rather than the ongoing shortening along the Alpine Europe/Adria collision zone. This interpretation is corroborated by numerical modeling. The Neogene extensional structures in the Alps formed under increasingly brittle conditions. A synthesis of paleostress tensors for the internal parts of the West-Alpine Arc documents major orogen-parallel extension with a continuous change in σ3 directions from ENE–WSW in the Simplon area, to N–S in the Vanoise area and to NNW–SSE in the Briançon area. Minor orogen-perpendicular extension increases from N to S. This second signal correlates with the present-day geodynamics as revealed by focal-plane mechanisms analysis. The orogen-parallel extension could be related to the opening of the Ligurian Sea during the Early-Middle Miocene and to compression/rotation of the Adriatic in

4. A sedimentary record of Holocene surface runoff events and earthquake activity from Lake Iseo (Southern Alps, Italy)

Author: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences ; GeoForschungsZentrum, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) ; INSU - Université d'Orléans - Université François Rabelais - Tours - CNRS, Christian Albrechts University ; Christian Albrechts University, Geological Institute ETH Zürich ; Institut de Géologie - ETH Zurich, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM) ; Université de Savoie - CNRS, Direzione Generale Territorio e Urbanistica, Struttura Sistema Informativo Territoriale ; Direzione Generale Territorio e Urbanistica, Tectonique reliefs et bassins ; Institut des sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) ; INSU - OSUG - Université de Savoie - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I - IFSTTAR - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219 - CNRS - INSU - OSUG - Université de Savoie - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I - IFSTTAR - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219 - CNRS, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE - UMR 8212) ; CNRS - CEA - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Lauterbach, Stefan, Chapron, Emmanuel, Brauer, Achim, Hülsbusch, Mathias, Gilli, Adrian, Arnaud, Fabien, Piccin, Andrea, Nomade, Jérôme, Desmet, Marc, Von Grafenstein, Ulrich, Participants, Declakes, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences ; GeoForschungsZentrum, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) ; INSU - Université d'Orléans - Université François Rabelais - Tours - CNRS, Christian Albrechts University ; Christian Albrechts University, Geological Institute ETH Zürich ; Institut de Géologie - ETH Zurich, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM) ; Université de Savoie - CNRS, Direzione Generale Territorio e Urbanistica, Struttura Sistema Informativo Territoriale ; Direzione Generale Territorio e Urbanistica, Tectonique reliefs et bassins ; Institut des sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) ; INSU - OSUG - Université de Savoie - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I - IFSTTAR - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219 - CNRS - INSU - OSUG - Université de Savoie - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I - IFSTTAR - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219 - CNRS, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE - UMR 8212) ; CNRS - CEA - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Lauterbach, Stefan, Chapron, Emmanuel, Brauer, Achim, Hülsbusch, Mathias, Gilli, Adrian, Arnaud, Fabien, Piccin, Andrea, Nomade, Jérôme, Desmet, Marc, Von Grafenstein, Ulrich, and Participants, Declakes
Abstract: International audience, This study presents a record of Holocene surface runoff events and several large earthquakes, preserved in the sediments of pre-Alpine Lake Iseo, northern Italy. A combination of high-resolution seismic surveying, detailed sediment microfacies analysis, non-destructive core-scanning techniques and AMS 14C dating of terrestrial macrofossils was used to detect and date these events. Based on this approach, our data shed light on past seismic activity in the vicinity of Lake Iseo and the influence of climate variability and human impact on allochthonous detrital matter flux into the lake. The 19 m long investigated sediment sequence of faintly layered lake marl contains frequent centimetre- to decimetre-scale sandy-silty detrital layers. During the early to mid Holocene, these small-scale detrital layers, reflecting sediment supply by extreme surface runoff events, reveal a distinct centennial-scale recurrence pattern. This is in accordance with regional lake-level highstands and minima in solar activity and thus apparently mainly climate-controlled. After c. 4200 cal. yr BP, intervals of high detrital flux occasionally also correlate with periods of enhanced human settlement activity. In consequence, deposition of small-scale detrital layers during the late Holocene apparently reflects a rather complex interplay between climatic and anthropogenic influences on catchment erosion processes. Besides the small-scale detrital layers, five up to 2.40 m thick large-scale detrital event layers, composed of basal mass-wasting deposits overlain by large-scale turbidites, were identified, which are supposed to be triggered by strong earthquakes. The uppermost large-scale event layer can be correlated to a documented Mw=6.0 earthquake in ad 1222 in Brescia. The four other large-scale event layers are supposed to correspond to previously undocumented local earthquakes. These occurred around 350 bc, 570 bc, 2540 bc and 6210 bc and most probably also reached magnitudes in the order

5. Holocene vegetation changes through Lac Ledro sediments (Trentino, Italy)

Author: Sebastien Joannin, Boris Vannière, Didier Galop, Michel Magny, Adrian Gilli, Emmanuel Chapron, Stefanie Wirth, Flavio Anselmetti, Marc Desmet, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Paléoenvironnement et paléobiosphère ( PP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Géographie de l'environnement ( GEODE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ), Geological Institute ETH Zürich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule [Zürich] ( ETH Zürich ) -Institut de Géologie, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans ( ISTO ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Géologie, ACCES-INRP, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geological Institute [ETH Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tours-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE)
Subjects: [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [ SHS.ENVIR ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies
Abstract: Poster; International audience; Lake Ledro is part of the French program ANR LAMA (coordinators: M. Magny and N. Combourieu Nebout) which aims to link Holocene paleoenvironmental changes along a north-south transect in Italy. Lake Ledro (652 m a.s.l.; Trentino, north-eastern Italy) is the northward component of the transect. It is located on the southern slope of the Alps and its catchment area covers 131 km2 with mountains culminating at 1500-2000 m. A multi-proxy approach based on biotic and abiotic indicators (lake-level, palynology, geochemistry and geophysic) was developed from deep and littoral cores, including sediment sequences in Early and Middle Bronze Age lake-shore archaeological sites. We aim reconstructing paleoenvironmental changes resulting from both climate and anthropic influences trough the entire Holocene. A deep master core was built after extracting twin cores from a non disturbed sediment zone recognised by seismic-reflexion investigations. The age-depth model is based on 13 AMS 14C ages measured on terrestrial plant macrofossils and the mean temporal resolution for analyses is ca 60 years. Palynological study shows the usual vegetation succession for the southern slope of the Alps. During the first part of the Holocene, abrupt changes are observed in pollen assemblages in relation to changes in other proxies (XRF and Magnetic Susceptibility) and correlate with cold events associated to the deglaciation in the North-Atlantic area. Cool episodes corresponding to the PreBoreal Oscillation (ca 11.3 ka cal BP) and 8.2 ka event are respectively characterized by stopping afforestation and a strong development of Abies in the local ecosystem. During the second part of the Holocene, two declines of arboreal pollen abundance are observed in relation with occurrences in both cereal and anthropic pollen indicators. These two phases are confirmed by increase in soil erosion as indicated by abiotic proxies. They give evidence of two successive steps for human settlement (Early-Middle Bronze Age and Iron Age) separated by forest development. In addition, XRF data allow two successive distinct palaeohydrological periods to be recognized into the Holocene. Finally, comparison between littoral and deep cores reinforces our interpretation and helps to disentangle climate and anthropic influences on the Holocene environment in the Central Mediterranean region.
Published: 2010

6. Geology and Correlation of the Mersin Mélanges, Southern Turkey

Author: GERARD STAMPFLI, ROSSANA MARTINI, DANIEL VACHARD, PAULIAN DUMITRICA, HEINZ W. KOZUR, OLIVIER MASSET, LAURENT BECCALETTO, PATRICE MOIX, Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL (IGP), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geologisches Institüt - ETHZ, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Rezsu u., Géosystèmes - UMR 8157, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Department of Geology and Palaeontology - UNIGE, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL, Géosystèmes (UMR 8157), and Université de Lille
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Permian, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Huğlu-Pindos, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Ophiolite, 01 natural sciences, Obduction, Paleontology, Passive margin, ddc:550, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, mélange, Neotethys, biology, pelagic, biology.organism_classification, Triassic, Cretaceous, Molasse, Palaeotethys, Pennsylvanian, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Conodont, Geology
Abstract: National audience; Our paper aims to give a thorough description of the infra-ophiolitic mélanges associated with the Mersin ophiolite. We propose new regional correlations of the Mersin mélanges with other mélange-like units or similar series, located both in southern Turkey and adjacent regions. The palaeotectonic implications of the correlations are also discussed. The main results may be summarized as follows: the infra-ophiolitic mélange is subdivided into two units, the Upper Cretaceous Sorgun ophiolitic mélange and the Ladinian−Carnian Hacialanı mélange. The Mersin mélanges, together with the Antalya and Mamonia domains, are represented by a series of exotic units now found south of the main Taurus range, and are characteristic of the South-Taurides Exotic Units. These mélanges clearly show the mixed origin of the different blocks and broken formations. Some components have a Palaeotethyan origin and are characterized by Pennsylvanian and Lower to Middle Permian pelagic and slope deposits. These Palaeotethyan remnants, found exclusively in the Hacialanı mélange, were reworked as major olistostromes in the Neotethys basin during the Eo-Cimmerian orogenic event. Neotethyan elements are represented by Middle Triassic seamounts and by broken formations containing typical Neotethyan conodont faunas such as Metapolygnathus mersinensis Kozur & Moix and M. primitius s. s., both present in the latest Carnian interval, as well as the occurrence of the middle Norian Epigondolella praeslovakensis Kozur, Masset & Moix. Other elements are clearly derived from the former north Anatolian passive margin and are represented by Huğlu-type series including the Upper Triassic syn-rift volcanic event. These sequences attributed to the Huğlu-Pindos back-arc ocean were displaced southward during the Late Cretaceous obduction event. The Tauric elements are represented by Eo-Cimmerian flysch-like and molasse sequences intercalated in Neotethyan series. Additionally, some shallow-water blocks might be derived from the Bolkardağ paraautochthonous and the Taurus-Beydağları marginal sequences.
Published: 2010

7. Holocene evolution of a wetland in the Lower Seine Valley, Marais Vernier, France

Author: Alain Durand, Sylvie Ogier, Benoit Laignel, Millena Frouin, Eric P. Verrecchia, Marie-Francoise Huault, David Sebag, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie, and Institut de géologie Neuchatel
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Wetland evolution • depositional environments • inherited topography • climate • sea-level rise • Holocene • Lower Seine Valley • France, Drainage basin, Fluvial, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Sea level, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Paleontology, Last Glacial Maximum, 15. Life on land, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Paleoecology, Quaternary, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Estuaries like that of the Seine River in NW Europe developed in incised fluvial valleys after the last glacial maximum. Since the 1940s, several authors have studied the largest wetland of the Seine estuary, the Marais Vernier, to understand depositional environments during Holocene infilling. We reinterpret previous research based on new and published data (for example fill thickness and material source) to (1) describe facies and depositional environments; (2) reconstruct palaeoenvironmental evolution; (3) show the influence of local and global forcing on depositional environments. Before 7000—6000 cal. BC, terrestrial material was deposited because of catchment erosion related to changes in climate. Just before 7000—6000 cal. BC, estuarine material began to be deposited in low-lying areas in response to sea-level rise, while terrestrial material still settled at higher elevations. After this, but before 5850—5710 cal. BC, estuarine material areas began to accumulate at both high and low elevations. This marked a general flooding of the Marais Vernier, synchronous with that at the Seine estuary mouth. Soon after, peat accumulated over a wide area as a response to a local change in accommodation and a worldwide drop in sea level. A tidal channel developed to the west of the Marais Vernier, providing minerogenic material. After 1130—900 cal. BC, human influence becomes increasingly clear in the record. This record of regional change during the Holocene can serve as a reference for further studies in the area.
Published: 2009

8. A new classification of the Turkish terranes and sutures and its implication for the paleotectonic history of the region

Author: Patrice Moix, Cyril Hochard, Laurent Beccaletto, Heinz W. Kozur, Gérard M. Stampfli, François Rosselet, Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie (IGP), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), IHS Energy, Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL (IGP), and Rézsü
Subjects: Asia, Turkey, Tethys, Mesozoic, Terranes, Sutures, Ophiolites, Asia, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Turkey, Sutures, Early Triassic, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Ophiolites, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Ophiolite, 01 natural sciences, Obduction, Terranes, Gondwana, Paleontology, Plate tectonics, Geophysics, Passive margin, Suture (geology), Tethys, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Terrane, Mesozoic
Abstract: International audience; The Turkish part of the Tethyan realm is represented by a series of terranes juxtaposed through Alpine convergent movements and separated by complex suture zones. Different terranes can be defined and characterized by their dominant geological background. The Pontides domain represents a segment of the former activemargin of Eurasia,where back-arc basins opened in the Triassic and separated the Sakarya terrane from neighbouring regions. Sakarya was re-accreted to Laurasia through the Balkanic mid-Cretaceous orogenic event that also affected the Rhodope and Strandja zones. The whole region from the Balkans to the Caucasus was then affected by a reversal of subduction and creation of a Late Cretaceous arc before collision with the Anatolian domain in the Eocene. If the Anatolian terrane underwent an evolution similar to Sakarya during the Late Paleozoic and Early Triassic times, both terranes had a diverging history during and after the Eo-Cimmerian collision. North of Sakarya, the Küre back-arc was closed during the Jurassic, whereas north of the Anatolian domain, the back-arc type oceans did not close before the Late Cretaceous. During the Cretaceous, both domains were affected by ophiolite obduction, but in very different ways: north directed diachronous Middle to Late Cretaceous mélange obduction on the Jurassic Sakarya passive margin; Senonian synchronous southward obduction on the Triassic passive margin of Anatolia. From this, it appears that the Izmir- Ankara suture, currently separating both terranes, is composite, and that the passive margin of Sakarya is not the conjugate margin of Anatolia. To the south, theCimmerian Taurus domain together with the Beydağları domain (part of the larger GreaterApulian terrane), were detached from northGondwana in the Permian during the opening of the Neotethys (East-Mediterranean basin). The drifting Cimmerian blocks entered into a soft collision with the Anatolian and related terranes in the Eo-Cimmerian orogenic phase (Late Triassic), thus suturing the Paleotethys. At that time, the Taurus plate developed forelandtype basins, filled with flysch-molasse deposits that locally overstepped the lower plate Taurus terrane and were deposited in the opening Neotethys to the south. These olistostromal deposits are characterized by pelagic Carboniferous and Permian material fromthe Paleotethys suture zone found in theMersin mélange. The latter, as well as theAntalya andMamonia domains are represented by a series of exotic units nowfound south of themain Taurus range. Part of the Mersin exotic material was clearly derived from the former north Anatolian passive margin (Huğlu-type series) and re-displaced during the Paleogene. This led us to propose a plate tectonic modelwhere theAnatolian ophiolitic front is linked upwith the Samail/Baër-Bassit obduction front found along the Arabianmargin. The obduction front was indented by the Anatolian promontory whose eastern end was partially subducted. Continued slab rollback of the Neotethys allowed Anatolian exotics to continue their course southwestward until their emplacement along the Taurus southern margin (Mersin) and up to theBeydağları promontory (Antaya-Mamonia) in the latest Cretaceous-Paleocene. The supra-subduction ocean opening at the back of the obduction front (Troodos-type Ocean) was finally closed by Eocene north-south shortening between Africa and Eurasia. This brought close to each other Cretaceous ophiolites derived from the north of Anatolia and those obducted on the Arabian promontory. The latter were sealed by a Maastrichtian platform, and locally never affected by Alpine tectonism,whereas those located on the eastern Anatolian plate are strongly deformed andmetamorphosed, and affected by Eocene arc magmatism. These observations help to reconstruct the larger frame of the central Tethyan realm geodynamic evolution. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2008

9. Turbidite‐induced re‐oxygenation episodes of the sediment‐water interface in a diverticulum of the Tethys Ocean during the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a: The French Vocontian Basin

Author: Bastien Huet, François Baudin, Jean-Yves Reynaud, Thierry Adatte, Nicolas Tribovillard, Alexis Caillaud, Viviane Bout-Roumazeilles, Anthony Chappaz, Jean Noël Ferry, Melesio Quijada, Armelle Riboulleau, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus et bilan des domaines sédimentaires (PBDS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, UMR8187, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Central Michigan University (CMU), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), TOTAL S.A., TOTAL FINA ELF, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Stratigraphy, Early Aptian, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Sediment–water interface, medicine, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, geochemistry, organic matter, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, grain size, [PHYS]Physics [physics], palaeoredox proxies, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Paleontology, Geology, organic matter dilution, Tethys Ocean, medicine.disease, Anoxic waters, Turbidite, lcsh:Geology, Clay minerals, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Re oxygenation, Diverticulum, turbidites
Abstract: International audience; Widespread anoxic events affected the Tethys Ocean during the Mesozoic. The Ocean Anoxic Event 1a (Early Aptian), expressed as the Selli Level or Goguel Level (GL) in European basins. The GL was deposited in the French Vocontian Basin, a semi-enclosed basin connected to the Tethys Ocean. This study presents an integrated approach (Rock Eval, clay minerals, grain-size, inorganic geochemistry and molecular biomarkers), applied to four sections in the basin distributed along a proximal-distal transect. This study shows that the GL was perturbed by turbidites. In particular, the results demonstrate: (a) a homogeneous redox status of the basin that experienced oxic to suboxic conditions, according to trace element distributions and (b) low organic matter contents (total organic carbon ca 1 wt%) in the three sections where turbiditic deposits are observed. The distal, condensed section exhibits the highest organic matter contents (total organic carbon >3 wt%). In addition, the presence of gammacerane and isorenieratene derivatives in the distal sections suggests that the water-column was intermittently stratified, with hypoxia developing in the photic zone. This stratification did not result from strong surface productivity but more likely from: (a) limited renewal of deep water in the basin; (b) reputedly high surface-water palaeotemperatures during the Early Aptian; and (c) the influx of waters, possibly depleted in free oxygen and in some dissolved trace elements, into the basin. The turbiditic inputs, in addition to organic matter dilution in the sediments and a brief rupture of the water-column stratification in the proximal areas of the basin, ventilated the sea floor and more specifically re-oxidized the sediment-water interface as well as underlying sediments. Such episodes of benthic re-ox-ygenation could have altered the long-term palaeoredox record, even in the distal sections where reducing conditions prevailed during deposition. In the area deprived of turbiditic input, sedimentary condensation, coupled with low oxygen conditions, furthered organic matter preservation and concentration.
Published: 2020

10. Early pastoralism and natural resource management: recent research at Godedzor

Author: Jwana Chahoud, Adrian Bălăşescu, Pavel Avetisyan, Giulio Palumbi, Khachatur Meliksetian, Irena Kalantaryan, Christine Chataigner, Roman Hovsepyan, Olivier Barge, Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut d'Archéologie et d'Ethnographie de l' Académie des Sciences d'Arménie, Romanian Academy Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest (Romania), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Géologie de l' Académie des Sciences d'Arménie
Subjects: HD, 010506 paleontology, Caucasus, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Pastoralism, Caucase, mines, Iran, mining, 01 natural sciences, Chalcolithique, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Godedzor, sel, Early Bronze Age, salt, 0601 history and archaeology, Natural resource management, Pastoralisme, Environmental planning, SOC003000, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, métallurgie, 060102 archaeology, metallurgy, or, 06 humanities and the arts, gold, Chalcolithic, pastoralisme, Bronze ancien, mobility, Arménie, ritual, Geography, cuivre, Archaeology, rituel, copper, mobilité, pastoralism
Abstract: The settlement of Godedzor is located at 1,800 m asl in the region of Syunik (south-eastern Armenia). Previous studies have highlighted the strategic position of the site in connection to both east to west and north to south routes of communication and in relation to the proximity to the main obsidian outcrops of the region. Excavations at Godedzor started in 2005 and revealed three main levels of occupation consisting of wooden and stone architecture. A substantial set of radiocarbon datings proves that the occupation at Godedzor can be dated to the mid 4th millennium and highlights that the site is one of the latest Chalcolithic occupations discovered so far in the southern Caucasus. In this paper, the most recent research on the architectural, ceramic, archeozoological and archeobotanical evidence from Godedzor is analysed and combined so as to build a comprehensive picture on the strategies of the pastoral groups that occupied Godedzor, on their origins and finally on the role that these groups played in the circulation of the obsidian in north-western Iran and in the introduction of farming practices in the highlands of southern Armenia. L’établissement de Godedzor est situé à 1 800 m d’altitude dans la région du Syunik (sud-est de l’Arménie). Les études précédentes avaient souligné l’implantation stratégique de ce site au cœur d’un réseau de voies de communication est-ouest et nord-sud, à proximité des principaux gisements d’obsidienne de la région. Les fouilles de Godedzor, entreprises en 2005, ont révélé trois niveaux d’occupation avec une architecture de bois et de pierre. Un important corpus de datations au radiocarbone montre que l’occupation de Godedzor remonte au milieu du IVe millénaire et met en évidence que, parmi les occupations chalcolithiques découvertes à ce jour dans le sud du Caucase, il s’agit d’une des plus tardives. Dans cet article, les recherches récentes sur les vestiges architecturaux, la production céramique, les données archéozoologiques et archéobotaniques de Godedzor sont analysées et synthétisées dans le but d’obtenir une vue d’ensemble des stratégies des groupes pastoraux qui ont occupé ce site, de leur provenance, ainsi que de leur rôle dans la circulation de l’obsidienne vers le nord-ouest de l’Iran et dans l’introduction des pratiques agricoles sur les hautes terres du sud de l’Arménie.
Published: 2021

11. Le gisement acheuléen en contexte de doline de Revelles (Somme, France) et ses caractéristiques communes à l’Acheuléen méridional

Author: Pierre Antoine, Olivier Guerlin, Laurent Deschodt, Agnès Lamotte, Nick Debenham, Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre d'études et de recherches préhistoriques, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Institut Dolomieu (géologie), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quaternary TL surveys, Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), and Institut de géologie Dolomieu
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Triface, 060102 archaeology, Biface, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Doline, 06 humanities and the arts, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, History and Philosophy of Science, Somme, Anthropology, 0601 history and archaeology, Fracturation intentionnelle, Acheuléen, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The open-air site and Acheulean site of Revelles has been discovered in a dolina context when the A29 motorway was built in 2002 west to Amiens (Somme). One single occupation, without faunal discoveries, has delivered more than 5000 artefact and has been correlated to SIM 8. This new occupation permits us to work out on typology and technology of a facies different from the traditional acheulian from the alluvial terrace like Cagny-l’Epinette or Cagny-la-Garenne and of a facies also different from the other plateaus or dolinas like Ferme de l’Epinette and Gentelles. Three main operating chains are identified, one around the production of handaxes, another around triface and the last one deals with the productions of flakes and tool-flakes. Among the handaxes typology, we encounter lanceolates, back-handaxes, picks-handaxes and many handaxes with a cortex basis. Traditional morphologies like ovalar, amygdaloid and limandes are away. In that site, broken handaxes are numerous and broken marks allow us to see the difference between the one depending of bad raw materials from those of a volunteer resharping. Between these two extremes some are the results of the flexion or diverse functions. The debitage is carefully done with a great productivity of each main core surface and a great proportion of long back-knives. The Levallois method is rarely present, only by few preferential cores and rare flakes.; Le site acheuléen de plein-air de Revelles a été découvert en contexte de doline à l’occasion des travaux en 2002 de l’A29 à l’Ouest d’Amiens (Somme). Une unique occupation, dépourvue de faune, mais constituée de plus de 5000 artefacts, est attribuée au SIM 8. Cette occupation, très originale, nous permet de décrypter des caractéristiques typologiques et technologiques différentes des faciès connus en contexte de terrasse alluviale et quelque peu différent des autres contextes de plateaux et de dolines déjà étudiés comme ceux de Gentelles ou de la Ferme de l’Epinette. Trois chaînes opératoires majeures sont identifiées, l’une autour du façonnage de bifaces, l’une autour du façonnage de trifaces et une dernière autour de la production d’éclats bruts et d’éclats retouchés. La série de bifaces est constituée de formes lancéolées, de bifaces à dos, de pics-bifaces, de bifaces peu ébauchés à base corticale. Les formes ovalaires, amygdaloïdes et limandes sont déficientes. À Revelles, la fracturation des bifaces est notable et parmi les chutes de taille des bifaces et de leurs apex, il est souvent possible de faire la part entre la fracture due à la matière première parfois de mauvaise qualité, de celles, volontaires, qualifiées de ravivage. Entre les deux, les fracturations par flexion, obtenues en cours d’utilisation intensive de l’outil, nous laissent davantage dubitatifs. Le débitage est soigné avec une excellente productivité des surfaces de débitage produisant un grand nombre de couteaux à dos naturel. Le débitage Levallois n’est attesté que par quelques rares nucléus préférentiels ainsi que quelques produits de débitage.
Published: 2019

12. The earliest evidence of Acheulian occupation in Northwest Europe and the rediscovery of the Moulin Quignon site, Somme valley, France

Author: Antoine, Pierre, Moncel, Marie-Hélène, Voinchet, Pierre, Locht, Jean‑luc, Amselem, Daniel, Hérisson, David, Hurel, Arnaud, Bahain, Jean-Jacques, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Alexandre Koyré - Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques (CAK-CRHST), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques (CTHS), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-École nationale des chartes (ENC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fondation I.P.H, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)
Subjects: [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, Archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Palaeoclimate, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Article, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; The dispersal of hominin groups with an Acheulian technology and associated bifacial tools into northern latitudes is central to the debate over the timing of the oldest human occupation of Europe. New evidence resulting from the rediscovery and the dating of the historic site of Moulin Quignon demonstrates that the first Acheulian occupation north of 50°N occurred around 670–650 ka ago. The new archaeological assemblage was discovered in a sequence of fluvial sands and gravels overlying the chalk bedrock at a relative height of 40 m above the present-day maximal incision of the Somme River and dated by ESR on quartz to early MIS 16. More than 260 flint artefacts were recovered, including large flakes, cores and five bifaces. This discovery pushes back the age of the oldest Acheulian occupation of north-western Europe by more than 100 ka and bridges the gap between the archaeological records of northern France and England. It also challenges hominin dispersal models in Europe showing that hominins using bifacial technology, such as Homo heidelbergensis, were probably able to overcome cold climate conditions as early as 670–650 ka ago and reasserts the importance of the Somme valley, where Prehistory was born at the end of the 19th century.
Published: 2019

13. A remarkable Late Saalian (MIS 6) loess (dust) accumulation in the Lower Danube at Harletz (Bulgaria)

Author: Neli Jordanova, Christine Hatté, Caroline Gauthier, Olivier Moine, Sylvie Coutard, Pierre Antoine, Maxime Debret, Diana Jordanova, Johanna Lomax, Denis-Didier Rousseau, Markus Fuchs, Samuel Taylor, J. L. Till, Institut Dolomieu (géologie), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geophysical Institute [Sofia], Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Geophysical Institute of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Geography, Justus-Liebig- University, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geophysical institute., Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Marine isotope stage, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Luminescence dating, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Silt, 01 natural sciences, Panoply, Magnetic susceptibility, Loess, Glacial period, Stadial, Danube, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Eemian, Geology, 15. Life on land, Grain size, Pleistocene, Europe, Saalian, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Aeolian processes, High-resolution
Abstract: (IF 4.64 [2018]; Q1); International audience; While numerous high-resolution studies concerning Last Glacial aeolian sequences are available for Europe, the approach of the penultimate glacial in this geographical area is still poorly developed. In order to bridge this gap, this study focuses on the Bulgarian sequence of Harletz, along the Danube River, where extremely high sedimentation rates allow the depiction of high-resolution signals during MIS 6. At Harletz in NW Bulgaria on the western bank of the Ogosta River (tributary of the Danube) a 20 m thick loess-palaeosols section was cleaned and sampled for a multi-disciplinary study and detailed pedostratigraphic approach. High-resolution continuous bulk sampling (5 cm) was carried out to characterise sedimentary grain size, magnetic properties (including magnetic susceptibility and its frequency dependence), colour reflectance (1 cm), and organic carbon. Geochronological control is based on 16 samples collected for OSL and MET-pIRIR dating. Using a cyclo-stratigraphic approach of the sequence combined with dating constraints provided by both MET-pIRIR dates and the age of a tephra layer occurring at a depth of 12 m within the main loess unit, we can demonstrate that the Harletz section exhibits a 10 m thick Late Saalian (Marine Isotope Stage 6, MIS 6) loess accumulation unique in Europe. The lower part of the main loess unit is 4 m thick and overlies a basal brown soil complex allocated to MIS 7, which includes an exceptionally thick (4 m) and detailed succession of loess and four incipient soil horizons never described in European loess until now. The closest and best-dated high-resolution palaeoenvironmental archive suitable for comparison comes from Lake Ohrid located about 400 km to the SW of Harletz. The Ohrid palynological record shows a progressive step-by-step evolution in climate and in environmental change during the transition between MIS 7 and MIS 6 from which a parallel with the Harletz pedosedimentary succession can be proposed. During the younger part of MIS 6 (160-129ka), steppe vegetation with abundant herbs (Artemisia) is dominant in the Lake Ohrid record, in good accordance with a global enhancement of aeolian dynamics, especially well recorded in sections located close to the Danube River from Serbia to Bulgaria and Romania (L2 loess). According to interpretations stemming from this study, the silts and fine sands building the Harletz loess section would have been transported from the Danube braided river system located (at that time) at about 4.5 km to the NW. Based on our data, the main loess units are characterised by a very low to a total absence of coarse sand particles. By contrast, during the Eemian interglacial (MIS 5e), and to a lesser extent throughout MIS 5 and during MIS 3 interstadials, the long distance transport of silt and fine sand particles is stopped and a weak aeolian sedimentation is likely driven by north-easterly winds transporting coarse sand grains from the proximal Ogosta River sandy banks. Finally, the weak development of Last Glacial loess (4 m max.) likely results from a rapid infilling of the sedimentary trap during the Saalian, then followed by a strong anthropogenic erosion of the topsoil and of the upper part of the loess profile since the Early Holocene (Neolithic).
Published: 2019

14. The Artificial Kidney Initiation in Kidney Injury 2 (AKIKI2): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author: Béatrice La Combe, Guillaume Thiery, Guillaume Lacave, Julio Badie, Julien Mayaux, Guillaume Louis, Dimitri Titeca-Beauport, Nicolas Chudeau, Didier Thevenin, Nadia Aissaoui, Jean Reignier, Jean Marie Forel, Eric Boulet, Marc Leone, Laurent Argaud, Karim Asehnoune, Adrien Robine, Elisabeth Coupez, Bertrand Pons, Laurent Martin-Lefevre, Sébastien Besset, Guillaume Geri, Jean Pierre Quenot, Marion Beuzelin, Nicolas de Prost, Steven Grangé, Florent Poirson, Saber Barbar, Karim Lakhal, David Hajage, Stéphane Gaudry, Julien Bohé, Christophe Vinsonneau, Alain Combes, Didier Dreyfuss, Jean-Damien Ricard, Saad Nseir, Guillaume Chevrel, Kada Klouche, Sébastien Moschietto, Des Maladies Rénales Rares aux Maladies Fréquentes, Remodelage et Réparation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Biostatistique, Santé Publique et Information Médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (BIOSPIM ), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de biostatistique et information médicale de l’hôpital Saint Louis (Equipe ECSTRA) (SBIM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation [CHU Amiens-Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Service de réanimation médicale, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service de Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale [Hôpital Louis Mourier], Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Centre hospitalier de Dieppe, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté [Hôpital de Trévenans] (HNFC), Hôpital les oudaries, Service de Réanimation Médicale Sud, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité de soins intensifs [Clermont Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre hospitalier Marc Jacquet (Melun), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Service de soins intensifs [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service Anesthésie et Réanimation [Hôpital Nord - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Urgence respiratoire et réanimation médicale, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (Département ' R3S '), Service d'anesthésie et réanimation chirurgicale [Nantes], Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Immunologie - Immunopathologie - Immunothérapeutique (I3), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital avicenne, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Avicenne, Service de Biostatistique Santé Publique et Information Médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-CHU Saint Louis [APHP], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Medical ICU, Avenue Albert Raymond, Saint-Priest en Jarez 42270, France, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie, Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Hôpital Roger Salengro-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes (EEM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Time Factors, Hyperkalemia, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Kidney, urologic and male genital diseases, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, law.invention, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, Study Protocol, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Oliguria, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Renal replacement therapy, Prospective Studies, Treatment outcome, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Mechanical ventilation, lcsh:R5-920, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Recovery of Function, Interim analysis, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, 3. Good health, Critical care, Anesthesia, Anuria, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, medicine.symptom, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), Kidneys, Artificial
Abstract: Background The Artificial Kidney Initiation in Kidney Injury (AKIKI) trial showed that a delayed renal replacement therapy (RRT) strategy for severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients was safe and associated with major reduction in RRT initiation compared with an early strategy. The five criteria which mandated RRT initiation in the delayed arm were: severe hyperkalemia, severe acidosis, acute pulmonary edema due to fluid overload resulting in severe hypoxemia, serum urea concentration > 40 mmol/l and oliguria/anuria > 72 h. However, duration of anuria/oliguria and level of blood urea are still criteria open to debate. The objective of the study is to compare the delayed strategy used in AKIKI (now termed “standard”) with another in which RRT is further delayed for a longer period (termed “delayed strategy”). Methods/design This is a prospective, multicenter, open-label, two-arm randomized trial. The study is composed of two stages (observational and randomization stages). At any time, the occurrence of a potentially severe condition (severe hyperkalemia, severe metabolic or mixed acidosis, acute pulmonary edema due to fluid overload resulting in severe hypoxemia) suggests immediate RRT initiation. Patients receiving (or who have received) intravenously administered catecholamines and/or invasive mechanical ventilation and presenting with AKI stage 3 of the KDIGO classification and with no potentially severe condition are included in the observational stage. Patients presenting a serum urea concentration > 40 mmol/l and/or an oliguria/anuria for more than 72 h are randomly allocated to a standard (RRT is initiated within 12 h) or a delayed RRT strategy (RRT is initiated only if an above-mentioned potentially severe condition occurs or if the serum urea concentration reaches 50 mmol/l). The primary outcome will be the number of RRT-free days at day 28. One interim analysis is planned. It is expected to include 810 patients in the observational stage and to randomize 270 subjects. Discussion The AKIKI2 study should improve the knowledge of RRT initiation criteria in critically ill patients. The potential reduction in RRT use allowed by a delayed RRT strategy might be associated with less invasive care and decreased costs. Enrollment is ongoing. Inclusions are expected to be completed by November 2019. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03396757. Registered on 11 January 2018.
Published: 2019

15. Integrin but not CEACAM receptors are dispensable for Helicobacter pylori CagA translocation

Author: Laurent Terradot, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Rainer Haas, Benjamin Busch, Wolfgang Fischer, Qing Zhao, Steffen Massberg, Luisa F. Jiménez-Soto, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Peking University [Beijing], Bases moléculaires et structurales des systèmes infectieux (BMSSI), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Von Pettenkofer Institute (MVP), and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU)
Subjects: Integrins, Cell Membranes, Cell, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry, Animal Cells, Helicobacter, Microbial Physiology, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Bacterial Physiology, Biology (General), lcsh:QH301-705.5, Host cell surface, Cell adhesion molecule, Flow Cytometry, Bacterial Pathogens, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Phenotypes, Spectrophotometry, Medical Microbiology, Cytophotometry, Cellular Types, Cellular Structures and Organelles, Cell Binding, Cell Physiology, Virulence Factors, QH301-705.5, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Molecular Probe Techniques, GPI-Linked Proteins, Microbiology, Formal Comment, Focal adhesion, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Antigens, CD, Stomach Neoplasms, Genetics, Humans, CagA, Secretion, Molecular Biology Techniques, Microbial Pathogens, Molecular Biology, Bacteria, Host Cells, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Epithelial Cells, Integrin alphaV, Molecular Development, digestive system diseases, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Biological Tissue, 030104 developmental biology, Cytoplasm, Parasitology, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Physiological Processes, lcsh:RC581-607, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Protein Kinases, Developmental Biology, 0301 basic medicine, Lifting, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Secretion Systems, Epithelium, Tyrosine Kinases, Spectrum Analysis Techniques, Medicine and Health Sciences, Post-Translational Modification, Phosphorylation, Cytoskeleton, Receptor, Chemistry, Integrin beta1, Phenotype, Extracellular Matrix, Enzymes, Protein Transport, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anatomy, Pathogens, Research Article, lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Adhesion Molecules, Immunoblotting, Integrin, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, ddc:570, Virology, Cell Adhesion, medicine, Protein Interactions, Focal Adhesions, Antigens, Bacterial, Membrane Proteins, Bacteriology, Cell Biology, RC581-607, Helicobacter pylori, Outer Membrane Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Helicobacter Pylori, lcsh:Biology (General), Enzymology, biology.protein, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract: Translocation of the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) effector protein via the cag-Type IV Secretion System (cag-T4SS) into host cells is a hallmark of infection with Hp and a major risk factor for severe gastric diseases, including gastric cancer. To mediate the injection of CagA, Hp uses a membrane-embedded syringe-like molecular apparatus extended by an external pilus-like rod structure that binds host cell surface integrin heterodimers. It is still largely unclear how the interaction of the cag-T4SS finally mediates translocation of the CagA protein into the cell cytoplasm. Recently certain carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs), acting as receptor for the Hp outer membrane adhesin HopQ, have been identified to be involved in the process of CagA host cell injection. Here, we applied the CRISPR/Cas9-knockout technology to generate defined human gastric AGS and KatoIII integrin knockout cell lines. Although confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed a co-localization of Hp and β1 integrin heterodimers on gastric epithelial cells, Hp infection studies using the quantitative and highly sensitive Hp β-lactamase reporter system clearly show that neither β1 integrin heterodimers (α1β1, α2β1 or α5β1), nor any other αβ integrin heterodimers on the cell surface are essential for CagA translocation. In contrast, deletion of the HopQ adhesin in Hp, or the simultaneous knockout of the receptors CEACAM1, CEACAM5 and CEACAM6 in KatoIII cells abolished CagA injection nearly completely, although bacterial binding was only reduced to 50%. These data provide genetic evidence that the cag-T4SS-mediated interaction of Hp with cell surface integrins on human gastric epithelial cells is not essential for CagA translocation, but interaction of Hp with CEACAM receptors is facilitating CagA translocation by the cag-T4SS of this important microbe., Author summary The Cag Type IV secretion system of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) interacts with host cell integrins and injects the bacterial oncoprotein CagA into host cells thereby contributing to inflammation and carcinogenesis during chronic infection. Binding of β1 integrin receptors by the CagA protein and the type IV secretion system is well described by many research groups, but its function for CagA translocation is not well understood. We report here that this interaction is not essential for the function of the secretion system and for CagA injection into the gastric epithelial cells lines AGS and KatoIII. However, the bacterial binding to a set of specific receptors called carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) by the Hp outer membrane protein HopQ is a prerequisite for CagA translocation. Interestingly, other bacterial adhesins and the mediated binding events do not have a similar effect on CagA translocation, suggesting a specific feature associated with HopQ mediated binding.
Published: 2018

16. Erosion of the Southern Alps of New Zealand during the last deglaciation

Author: Faye E Nelson, Thierry Adatte, Olivier Beyssac, Ruohong Jiao, Simon C. Cox, Frédéric Herman, Helen L. Neil, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Research School of Earth Sciences [Canberra] (RSES), Australian National University (ANU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Department of Physics (Trinity College Dublin), Trinity College Dublin, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Erosion, Deglaciation, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical geography, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: During the Quaternary, periodic glaciations transformed mountain landscapes. However, characterizing the way in which mountain erosion changes between glacier- and river-dominated conditions has been elusive. Here, using samples from an offshore sedimentary core, we estimated the spatial distribution of erosion in the southern part of the Southern Alps of New Zealand during a full transition from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), ca. 20 ka, to the last millennium. Raman spectroscopy analyses of carbonaceous material revealed a marked change in the sediment provenance, which we interpreted to reflect the evolving erosion pattern of the mountain range. Over the Holocene, since at least ca. 9 ka, erosion was focused on the chlorite zone schist within the upper reaches of the valleys (>15–20 km distance from the mountain front), possibly dominated by large-magnitude landslides. During the last glaciation, the proportion of sediments from the biotite schist and higher-grade metamorphic rocks in the lower-lying areas closer to the mountain front (
Published: 2018

17. Fault imprint in clay units: Magnetic fabric, p-wave velocity, structural and mineralogical signatures

Author: Emeline Moubeche, Catherine Homberg, Eva Moreno, Pierre Dick, Alain Person, Arthur du Peloux, Christian David, Audrey Bonnelye, Johann Schnyder, Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement Cergy (GEC), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire d'Etude et de recherche sur les Transferts et les Installations dans les Sols (IRSN/PRP-DGE/SRTG/LETIS), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and PRP-DGE/SRTG/LETIS
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Strike-slip fault, Compression (geology), Petrology, Anisotropy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Siderite, P-wave velocity, Petrophysics, Strike-slip tectonics, Tournemire, Clay minerals, Tectonics, Geophysics, Sinistral and dextral, Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, Fracture (geology), Geology
Abstract: International audience; We investigated the evolution of the structure, physical properties and fluid flow properties across a fault zone within the Toarcian shale formation from the Tournemire Underground Research Laboratory (France). With this purpose, an integrated approach was used based on the analysis of petrofabric (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, AMS, and of p-wave velocity, APV) and the mineralogy of two cores intercepting the F2 fault, a strike-slip fault with a small vertical offset.The fracture patterns indicated that the fault registered a multiphase tectonic evolution. Two strike-slip regimes, with approximate NE-SW and NW-SE compression, and a normal regime with a WNW-ESE direction of extension were identified. Most of the N-S fault planes collected in TF1 core, have a shallow dip with values between 5° to 45°. We further evidenced a close relationship between the fault architecture and petrophysical properties. A preferential NW-SE orientation of the K1 axes was observed that is in agreement with the extensional direction of the dextral movement of the fault. Within the fault core, an important decrease in anisotropy was observed and indicates clay platelets rotations related to tectonic deformation. A weaker anisotropic change was observed in ASM1. This difference may be related to the local variability of the fault zone and suggests the need to study the characteristics of a fault zone both across its different architectural zones and along the main fracture plan. Finally, we identified evidence of minerals alteration related to fault reactivation and fluid circulation. Fluid circulation enabled the transformation of siderite in magnetite, a neo-formation of kaolinite and a precipitation of calcite were at vicinity of the damage zone/fault core boundary. In TF1, while the major mineralogical changes occur in the damage zone. In ASM1, a higher illite-smectite mixed layers and calcite content was observed in the eastern side of the fault.
Published: 2018

18. Active strike-slip faulting in the Chablais area (NW Alps) from earthquake focal mechanisms and relative locations

Author: Jean-Daniel Champagnac, Christian Sue, François Thouvenot, Nicholas Deichmann, Bastien Delacou, Martin Burkhard, Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Swiss Seismological Service [ETH Zurich] (SED), Institute of Geophysics [ETH Zürich], Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Prealpes, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Active fault, Fault (geology), Chablais, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nappe, relative location, seismotectonics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Focal mechanism, geography.geographical_feature_category, Western Alps, Seismotectonics, Geology, Strike-slip tectonics, [SDE.MCG.CPE]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cpe, Relative location, Active faulting, Tectonics, Sinistral and dextral, active faulting, Seismology
Abstract: Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 98 (2), ISSN:0012-9402, ISSN:1420-9128
Published: 2018

19. Tsunami sedimentary deposits of Crete records climate during the ‘Minoan Warming Period’ (≈3350 yr BP)

Author: Kevin A. Rey, Alexandra Touzeau, Romain Amiot, Delphine Angst, Jean-Pierre Flandrois, Aurélien Royer, François Fourel, Magali Seris, Denis-Didier Rousseau, François Atrops, Christophe Lécuyer, Valérie Daux, Centre Armoricain d'Etude Structurale des Socles ( CAESS ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Institut de géologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Paléoenvironnement et paléobiosphère ( PP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] ( LGL-TPE ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive (BPGE), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Paleoclimatology, medicine, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Explosive eruption, Ecology, Stable isotope ratio, Seasonality, medicine.disease, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Period (geology), Sedimentary rock, Geology
Abstract: Earthquakes or explosive eruptions generate tsunami, which are at the origin of thick and chaotic coastal sediments. These commonly fossiliferous deposits are formed instantaneously at the historical or geological timescale and therefore have the potential to provide snapshot records of past climates. In Crete, near the city of Palaikastro, crops out a 1- to 9-m-thick sedimentary layer deposited by a huge tsunami that has been previously estimated to be about 9 m high. The presence of volcanic ash, the geometry, the archeological and faunal contents of the sedimentary deposit along with radiocarbon dating converge for interpreting this tsunamite as coeval with the Minoan Santorini (Thera) eruption ≈3350 yr BP. During its drawback, the tsunami deposited rocky blocks and a muddy matrix containing mollusc shells dredged from the seabed as well as cattle skeletal remains and various artifacts belonging to the contemporaneous Minoan civilization. While the oxygen isotope compositions of terrestrial vertebrate bone remains most likely resulted from diagenetic alteration, those of a bovid tooth revealed that air temperatures during MM3 and LM1 periods were about 4°C higher than nowadays. Oxygen isotope measurements of marine mollusc shells also revealed that sea surface temperatures were higher by about 2°C. Those results compare with the 2.5°C temperature difference already estimated according to both δ2H and δ18O values of Greenland ice cores. Incremental sampling of marine gastropods and bovid teeth suggests that the seasonal amplitude was similar to that prevailing during the second half of the 20th century.
Published: 2018

20. Carnian (Late Triassic) ostracods from the Sorgun Ophiolitic Mélange (Southern Turkey): Taxonomy, palaeoenvironment, and evidence of predation

Author: Péter Ozsvárt, Patrice Moix, Marie-Béatrice Forel, Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie - UNIL (IGP), and Université de Lausanne (UNIL)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Paleozoic, biology, Ecological succession, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Paleontology, Taxon, Ostracod, Taxonomy (biology), 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The Mersin Ophiolitic Complex is situated in southern Turkey and contains the relics of the Palaeotethys and Neotethys Oceans and of the Huglu-Pindos basin. The succession exposed at the Tavuscayiri Block has been intensely studied but ostracods are still poorly documented. This paper illustrates and discusses the ostracods extracted from a radiolarian-rich limestone of the lower Tuvalian Spongotortilispinus moixi radiolarian Zone (Carnian, Late Triassic) intercalated with thick green tuffs. The moderately abundant assemblage (40 specimens) is composed of 29 species, 16 genera of seven families, including one new species: Bairdiacypris sorgunensis Forel sp. nov. This assemblage points to a moderately shallow subtidal environment submitted to short-lived environmental instabilities. In regards to the slightly older ostracods recently reported from the Tavuscayiri Block, the present record illustrates an upwards shallowing trend for the Carnian succession. All the taxa found are of typical Mesozoic-Cenozoic affinity, in contrast to the slightly older assemblage from the Julian of the Tavuscayiri Block (Kilek section), which also include Palaeozoic taxa. This different pattern could relate either to the disappearance of Palaeozoic taxa during the intervening interval or to their survival only in relatively deeper waters. Finally, we also report the oldest known record of a boring trace on the surface of an ostracod valve, probably of predatory origin. It represents the first evidence of predation on micro-benthos in the Triassic and is in line with several recent studies attesting the establishment of boring predation in the Late Triassic.
Published: 2018

21. Les céramiques de raffinage du sucre en France : émergences et diffusions de part et d'autre de l'Atlantique, du XVIe au XIXe siècle

Author: Sébastien Pauly, Anne Bocquet-Liénard, Gaëlle Caillet, Fabrice Casagrande, Fabienne Chiron, Morgane Godener, Quentin Gravier, Nathalie Huet, Sébastien Jesset, Élisabeth Lecler-Huby, Serge Le Maho, Christophe Maneuvrier, Paul Maneuvrier-Hervieu, Patricia Moitrel, Éric Normand, Fabienne Ravoire, Martijn van den Bel, Tristan Yvon, Bruno Zelie, Véronique Abel, Marie-Paule Bataillé, Jean-Claude Bonnin, Michel Daeffler, Christine Lavergne, Juliette Dupré, Brigitte Véquaud, Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives - Centre de recherches archéologiques de Gourbeyre (Guadeloupe) (Inrap, Gourbeyre), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), EVEHA (Etudes et valorisations archeologiques), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Département des Recherches Archéologiques Subaquatiques et Sous-Marines [Marseille] (DRASSM), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Fédération Archéologique du Loiret, Histoire, Territoires et Mémoires (HisTeMé ), Centre d'Etudes Supérieures de Civilisation médiévale (CESCM), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Normandie (DRAC Normandie), Archéologie des Amériques (ArchAm), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie Industrielle, Histoire, Patrimoine - Géographie, Développement, Environnement de la Caraïbe [UR6_1] (AIHP-GEODE), Université des Antilles (UA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Ministère de la Culture, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives. Centre de recherches archéologiques de Gourbeyre (Guadeloupe) (Inrap, Gourbeyre), Histoire, Territoires & Mémoires (HisTeMé ), Service régional de l'archéologie de Normandie (SRA Normandie), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Archéologie Industrielle, Histoire, Patrimoine - Géographie, Développement, Environnement de la Caraïbe (AIHP-GEODE), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Institut Dolomieu (géologie)
Subjects: sugar refining, Atelier de potiers, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Sucre -- Fabrication et raffinage, céramiques archéologiques, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Commerce atlantique
Abstract: Lecture du rapport sur Calaméo : https://fr.calameo.com/read/0015242709af194689df6.
Published: 2017

22. First palynostratigraphical evidence for a Late Eocene to Early Miocene age of the volcano-sedimentary series of Dschang, western part of Cameroon and its implications for the interpretation of palaeoenvironment

Author: Bessong Moise, Elias Samankassou, Mouloud Bennami, Thierry Adatte, Mbesse Cecile Olive, Rossana Martini, Hell Joseph Victor, Susanne Feist Burkhardt, Nolla Junior Désiré, Michel Brunet, Institut de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (IRGM), Department of Earth Sciences [Geneva], University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut International de Paléoprimatologie, Paléontologie Humaine : Evolution et Paléoenvironnement (IPHEP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Université de Douala, Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Chaire Paléontologie Humaine, and Collège de France (CdF (institution))
Subjects: Ngoua sedimentary sequence, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Botryococcus, Palaeoenvironment, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, Eocene, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, Sequence (geology), Continental margin, ddc:550, Cameroon, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Palynology, biology, Miocene, biology.organism_classification, Palynofacies, Sedimentary rock, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract: The volcano-sedimentary infill of the Dschang basin in the Western part of Cameroon is poorly known. The present study provides the first biostratigraphical data of the volcano-sedimentary sequence and allows constraining the age and the position of this basin within the regional context of Central Africa. The studied sequence is composed of three depositional units. The first unit is a fining-upwards sequence of coarse-grained sandstone that gets finer towards the top, passing to thick layers of fossiliferous claystone. The second unit is strongly affected by volcanic activity and consists of a volcano-sedimentary sequence. The third unit is marked by basaltic volcanism and covers the series. Diverse and well-preserved palynomorphs were recovered and are used to provide valuable information for age determination of the Dschang volcano-sedimentary sequence, namely to be of late Eocene- Early Miocene age. The recovered spores, pollen, green algae and fungal remains from the bottom of the sequence include Bombacidites spp., Clavainaperturites cf. clavatus , Crototricolpites sp., Perfotricolpites digitatus , Proteacidites spp., Psilastephanocolporites minor , Psilastephanocolporites spp., Retitrescolpites spp., Retitricolporites irregularis , Retitricolporites spp., Retitriporites sp., Spirosyncolpites bruni (probably synonymous to Spirosyncolpites spiralis ), Striatopollis bellus , (considered synonymous to Striatopollis catatumbus ), Striatopollis sp., Tetracolporites quadratus , Tetratricolporites sp., ?Verrutricolporites rotundiporis , Cyathidites sp., Laevigatosporites spp., Polypodiaceoisporites spp., Verrucatosporites usmensis , Verrucatosporites spp., Botryococcus sp., Tasmanites sp., and fungal remains. The samples are assigned to the Verrucatosporites usmensis Zone of Salard-Cheboldaeff (1979). The palynological assemblages are similar to those of other Late Eocene to Early Miocene palynological records from the West, Central and Northern African basins. Study of the organic matter by pyrolysis Rock-Eval 6 (Types I, II and III), the sedimentological setting, the palynofacies and the palynomorph assemblages show evidences of tidal influence (presence of the prasinophyte Tasmanites ) in an active continental margin (semi-arid to humid lacustrine depositional environment). The Ngoua sedimentary sequence is fluvio-lacustrine, and believed to have witnessed some occasional marine incursions possibly during the opening of the Central Atlantic Ocean (CAO) and strongly disturbed later by intense volcanic activity.
Published: 2017

23. Exogenous LRRK2G2019S induces parkinsonian-like pathology in a nonhuman primate

Author: Mestre-Francés, Nadine, Serratrice, Nicolas, Gennetier, Aurélie, Devau, Gina, Cobo, Sandra, Trouche, Stephanie, Fontes, Pascaline, Zussy, Charleine, De Deurwaerdère, Philippe, Salinas, Sara, Mennechet, Franck JD, Dusonchet, Julien, Schneider, Bernard, Saggio, Isabella, Kalatzis, Vasiliki, Luquin-Piudo, M Rosario, Verdier, Jean-Michel, Kremer, Eric, Mécanismes moléculaires dans les démences neurodégénératives (MMDN), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Sysdiag-Modélisation et Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes Biologiques pour le Diagnostic (SysDiag ), BIO-RAD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier )-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Male, Neurons, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Vectors, Brain, Parkinson Disease, Adenoviruses, Canine, Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, Tropism, Stereotaxic Techniques, Transduction, Genetic, Mutation, Parkinson’s disease, LRRK2, Parkinson disease, canine adenovectors type 2, brain transcriptome, Animals, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Tissue Distribution, Neurodegeneration, Cheirogaleidae, Transcriptome, Neuroscience, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among the elderly. To understand its pathogenesis and to test therapies, animal models that faithfully reproduce key pathological PD hallmarks are needed. As a prelude to developing a model of PD, we tested the tropism, efficacy, biodistribution, and transcriptional effect of canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) vectors in the brain of Microcebus murinus, a nonhuman primate that naturally develops neurodegenerative lesions. We show that introducing helper-dependent (HD) CAV-2 vectors results in long-term, neuron-specific expression at the injection site and in afferent nuclei. Although HD CAV-2 vector injection induced a modest transcriptional response, no significant adaptive immune response was generated. We then generated and tested HD CAV-2 vectors expressing leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and LRRK2 carrying a G2019S mutation (LRRK2G2019S), which is linked to sporadic and familial autosomal dominant forms of PD. We show that HD-LRRK2G2019S expression induced parkinsonian-like motor symptoms and histological features in less than 4 months.
Published: 2017

24. Improved Gamma-Heating Calculational Methods for Fast Reactors and Their Validation for Plutonium-Burning Configurations

Author: G. Rimpault, Rakesh Chawla, Anton Lüthi, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (SFIT), Institut de Géologie, CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: Materials science, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Fission, Nuclear engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, chemistry.chemical_element, Combustion, Reflector (antenna), 02 engineering and technology, Blanket, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Heating, law, Dosimetry, 0103 physical sciences, 021108 energy, Eranos, Burnup, Platinum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Nuclear reactor, Plutonium, Fast reactors, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Steel, Fission reactions
Abstract: International audience; A new calculational scheme has been developed for the accurate assessment of gamma heatingin fast reactors, its special feature being the determination of the gamma source distribution that isformulated in a near-to-exact manner. The improved methodology, which has been implemented into theERANOS (European Reactor Analysis Optimized System) code package, is currently validated for Puburningconfigurations, for which gamma-heating target accuracies are particularly high. This has beenaccomplished through comparisons with new integral measurements conducted at the MASURCA facility,as well as with reevaluated earlier experiments. In the new measurements, absolute gamma-heating rateswere determined in PuO2/UO2–fueled cores surrounded by a steel/sodium reflector, mainly using TLD-700 thermoluminescent dosimeters. Thereby, a considerable effort was undertaken to minimize systematicerrors. The calculation/experiment values determined from the analysis of the critical experiments are0.90 for the PuO2/UO2 core region, 0.84 for the steel/sodium reflector, and 0.89 for an internal steel/sodium diluent zone. The most plausible causes for the observed discrepancies have been identified to bedata related, i.e., too low fission gamma energies and too low capture cross sections for the structuralelements. The transferability of the current validation findings to a modified Superphénix configuration, inwhich the radial fertile blanket is replaced by a steel/sodium reflector, and to the 1500 MW(electric)Pu-burning CAPRA 4/94 reference design has been demonstrated.
Published: 2017

25. 5-year chemico-physical evolution of concrete–claystone interfaces, Mont Terri rock laboratory (Switzerland)

Author: Urs Mäder, Babara Lothenbach, Masahito Shibata, Veerle Cloet, Stéphane Gaboreau, Catherine Lerouge, Andreas Jenni, Francis Claret, Tsubasa Otake, Yukinobu Kimura, Masaaki Fukaya, Satoru Miyoshi, Université de Bern (INSTITUT DE GéOLOGIE), Université de Bern, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), NAGRA (NAGRA), NAGRA, Institute of Geological Sciences [Bern], and University of Bern
Subjects: Cement, Aggregate (composite), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Mineralogy, Radioactive waste, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Matrix (geology), Types of concrete, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 021105 building & construction, 550 Earth sciences & geology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Carbonate, Cementitious, Porosity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The Cement–Opalinus Clay Interaction (CI) Experiment at the Mont Terri rock laboratory is a long-term passive diffusion–reaction experiment between contrasting materials of relevance to engineered barrier systems/near-field for deep disposal of radioactive waste in claystone (Opalinus Clay). Reaction zones at interfaces of Opalinus Clay with two different types of concrete (OPC and “low-pH”/ESDRED) were examined by sampling after 2.2 and 4.9 years. Analytical methods included element mapping (SEM, EPMA), select spot analysis (EDAX), 14C-MMA impregnation for radiography, and powder methods (IR, XRD, clay-exchanger characterisation) on carefully extracted miniature samples (mm). The presence of aggregate grains in concrete made the application of all methods difficult. Common features are a very limited extent of reaction within claystone, and a distinct and regularly zoned reaction zone within the cement matrix that is more extensive in the low-alkali cement (ESDRED). Both interfaces feature a de-calcification zone and overprinted a carbonate alteration zone thought to be mainly responsible for the observed porosity reduction. While OPC shows a distinct sulphate enrichment zone (indicative of ingress from Opalinus Clay), ESDRED displays a wide Mg-enriched zone, also with claystone pore-water as a source. A conclusion is that substitution of OPC by low-alkali cementitious products is not advantageous or necessary solely for the purpose of minimizing the extent of reaction between claystone and cementitious materials. Implications for reactive transport modelling are discussed.
Published: 2017

26. Elastic wave velocity evolution of shales deformed under uppermost crustal conditions

Author: Claude Gout, Yves Guglielmi, Christian David, Anne-Laure Fauchille, Alexandre Schubnel, Audrey Bonnelye, Pierre Dick, Pierre Henry, CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Total E&P, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LETIS, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche sur les transferts et les interactions dans les sous-sols (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LETIS), Service des déchets radioactifs et des transferts dans la géosphère (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole Natl Super Ingn Poitiers, Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, and Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bedding, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Compressive strength, Brittleness, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, S-wave, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Perpendicular, P-wave, Deformation (engineering), Anisotropy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: ©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Conventional triaxial tests were performed on a series of samples of Tournemire shale along different orientations relative to bedding (0°, 90°). Experiments were carried out up to failure at increasing confining pressures ranging from 2.5 to 80 MPa, and at strain rates ranging between 3 × 10−7 s−1and 3 × 10−5 s−1. During each experiment, P and S wave elastic velocities were continuously measured along many raypaths with different orientations with respect to bedding and maximum compressive stress. This extensive velocity measurement setup allowed us to highlight the presence of plastic mechanisms such as mineral reorientation during deformation. The evolution of elastic anisotropy was quantified using Thomsen's parameters which were directly inverted from measurement of elastic wave velocity. Brittle failure was preceded by a change in P wave anisotropy, due to both crack growth and mineral reorientation. Anisotropy variations were largest for samples deformed perpendicular to bedding, at the onset of rupture. Anisotropy reversal was observed at the highest confining pressures. For samples deformed parallel to bedding, the P wave anisotropy change is weaker.
Published: 2017

27. Mission Archéologique Franco-Indienne au Ladakh: activity report 2017

Author: Bruneau, Laurianne, Vernier, Martin, Sadozaï, Chamsia, Epard, Jean Luc, Centre de recherche sur les civilisations de l'Asie Orientale (CRCAO), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), CRAterre (CRAterre), École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Grenoble (ENSAG)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut de Géologie et de Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Ministère des affaires étrangères et européennes, CRCAO - UMR 8155, Institut Français New Dehli, and EPHE-PSL Research University.
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Published: 2017

28. Strength anisotropy of shales deformed under uppermost crustal conditions

Author: Anne-Laure Fauchille, Pierre Henry, Christian David, Audrey Bonnelye, Alexandre Schubnel, Claude Gout, Pierre Dick, Yves Guglielmi, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement Cergy (GEC), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Total E&P, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche sur les transferts et les interactions dans les sous-sols (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LETIS), Service des déchets radioactifs et des transferts dans la géosphère (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Ecole Natl Super Ingn Poitiers, Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Slip (materials science), Aseismic creep, Plasticity, Strain rate, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Overburden pressure, 01 natural sciences, Brittleness, Fracture toughness, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Acoustic emission, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Geotechnical engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Conventional triaxial tests were performed on three sets of samples of Tournemire shale along different orientations relative to bedding (0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees). Experiments were carried out up to failure at increasing confining pressures ranging from 2.5 to 160MPa, at strain rates ranging between 3 x 10(-7)s(-1) and 3 x 10(-5)s(-1). This allowed us to determine the entire anisotropic elastic compliance matrix as a function of confining pressure. Results show that the orientation of principal stress relative to bedding plays an important role on the brittle strength, with 45 degrees orientation being the weakest. We fit our results with a wing crack micromechanical model and an anisotropic fracture toughness. We found low values of internal friction coefficient and apparent friction coefficient in agreement with friction coefficient of clay minerals (between 0.2 and 0.3) and values of K-Ic comparable to that already published in the literature. We also showed that strain rate has a strong impact on peak stress and that dilatancy appears right before failure and hence highlighting the importance of plasticity mechanisms. Although brittle failure was systematically observed, stress drops and associated slips were slow and deformation always remained aseismic (no acoustic emission were detected). This confirms that shales are good lithological candidates for shallow crust aseismic creep and slow slip events.
Published: 2017

29. Dynamics of soil organic matter based on new Rock-Eval indices

Author: Michaël Aubert, Fabrice Bureau, Luca Trombino, T. Nyilas, Eric P. Verrecchia, Yoann Copard, Guillaume Cailleau, Lauric Cécillon, Remy Albrecht, Thibaud Decaëns, Jean-Robert Disnar, M. Hetényi, Thierry Adatte, David Sebag, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Géopolis Lausanne, DSA/CPTEC, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs (UMR MOISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), University of Szeged [Szeged], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Milano], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), European Project: 226306,EC:FP7:ENERGY,FP7-ENERGY-2008-FET,CO2SOLSTOCK(2009), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Department of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Petrology, University of Szeged, department of mineralogy, geochemistry and petrology, university of Szeged, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil Science, Mineralogy, Soil science, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary organic matter, Charcoal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Soil organic matter, Decomposition, Pedogenesis, Chemistry, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Stabilization, Geochemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], visual_art, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Soil horizon, Pyrolysis
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SEDYVIN; International audience; This paper aims to develop a new approach to interpret soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics from Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Rock-Eval standard parameters (TpS2, HI, OI) are limited when applied to SOM, as they were defined for tracking the origin of sedimentary organic matter (i.e. terrestrial vs aquatic and lacustrine vs marine). This study proposes new Rock Eval based indices, projected on a new diagram plotting > 1300 samples, including litter and soil horizons, pure compounds and organic material. These new parameters reflect the thermal stability of SOM rather than its bulk chemistry. Their calculations are based on the contribution of four different areas (A1 to A4) integrated below the S2 pyrogram (amounts of released hydrocarbon compounds during the pyrolysis step). Results demonstrate that the relative values of A1 to A4 parameters can be used to survey the evolution of SOM during pedogenesis. These Rock-Eval parameters revealed a consistent thermal differentiation of SOM with depth, from thermally labile biogenic SOM in soil organic horizons to thermally stable mineral-associated SOM compounds in organo-mineral and mineral soil horizons, indicating a pedogenetic stabilization of SOM. Finally, newly defined I- and R-indices integrate the respective parts of A1 to A4 parameters into SOM dynamics, the I-index emphasizing the degree of transformation of the immature organic fraction (related to SOM stabilization), the R-index highlighting the contribution of the most refractory fraction or persistent SOM (related to pedogenic and inherited contributions). Analyses of a wide range of soils and reference samples (cellulose, lignin, humic substances, lignite, charcoal, coal, etc.) allow end-members as well as particular trends (humic, spodic, inherited) to be drawn. Specific examples are provided in order to illustrate some applications and uses for this new Rock-Eval based I/R diagram, from the study of grain size fractions to the evolution of SOM in soil chronosequences.
Published: 2016

30. Chemical labelling of oyster shells used for time-calibrated high-resolution Mg/Ca ratios: A tool for estimation of past seasonal temperature variations

Author: Marc de Rafélis, Michel Fialin, Vincent Mouchi, Franck Lartaud, Eric P. Verrecchia, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme Camparis - Plateforme analytique MEN (Microanalyses en sciences de l’Environnement) [Paris], Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (ECCE TERRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (OSU ECCE TERRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de Microanalyse Camparis-CNRS, Université Paris 6, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: In situ, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, δ18O, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Paleontology, High resolution, Mineralogy, Electron microprobe, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Oyster shells, Salinity, Crassostrea, 14. Life underwater, Ostrea edulis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; The geochemical compositions of biogenic carbonates are increasingly used for palaeoenvironmental recon- structions. The skeletal δ18O temperature relationship is dependent on water salinity, so many recent studies have focused on the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios because those ratios in water do not change significantly on short time scales. Thus, those elemental ratios are considered to be good palaeotemperature proxies in many bio- minerals, although their use remains ambiguous in bivalve shells. Here, we present the high-resolution Mg/ Ca ratios of two modern species of juvenile and adult oyster shells, Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis. These specimens were grown in controlled conditions for over one year in two different locations. In situ monthly Mn-marking of the shells has been used for day calibration. The daily Mg/Ca ratios in the shell have been measured with an electron microprobe. The high frequency Mg/Ca variation of all specimens displays good synchronism with lunar cycles, suggesting that tides strongly influence the incorporation of Mg/Ca into the shells. Highly significant correlation coefficients (0.70bRb0.83, pb0.0001) between the Mg/Ca ratios and the seawater temperature are obtained only for juvenile C. gigas samples, while metabolic control of Mg/Ca incorporation and lower shell growth rates preclude the use of the Mg/Ca ratio in adult shells as a pal- aeothermometer. Data from three juvenile C. gigas shells from the two study sites are selected to establish a relationship: T=3.77Mg/Ca+1.88, where T is in °C and Mg/Ca in mmol/mol.
Published: 2013

31. Paleohydrological Reconstruction from Late Holocene Records in Interdune Lakes (N’Guigmi, Northern Bank of the Lake Chad, Niger)

Author: David Sebag, Eric P. Verrecchia, Alain Durand, Zibo Garba, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Abdou Moumouni [Niamey], Institut de Géologie et Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)
Subjects: δ18O, Climate Change, MINERALISATION, Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, ANALYSE MINERALOGIQUE, 01 natural sciences, Geochemical cycle, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, Sahel, HOLOCENE, CARBONATE, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, Lake Chad, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, LAC, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, δ13C, Landform, DIATOMEE, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, PALEOLIMNOLOGIE, 15. Life on land, Mineralogy, ARIDITESEDIMENTATION LACUSTRE, PALEOCLIMAT, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Aridification, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Sedimentary rock, Depositional Environments, Geology, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; An old erg covers the northern part of the Lake Chad basin. This dune landform allowed the formation of many inter- dune ponds of various sizes. Still present in certain zones where the groundwater level is high (e.g. Kanem, southern Manga), these ponds formed in the past a vast network of lacustrine microsystems, as shown by the nature and the dis- tribution of their deposits. In the Manga, these interdune deposits represent the main sedimentary records of the Holo- cene environmental succession. Their paleobiological (pollens, diatoms, ostracods) and geochemical (δ18O, δ13C, Sr/ Ca) contents are often the basis for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. On the other hand, their sedimentological char- acters are rarely exploited. This study of palustro-lacustrine deposits of the Holocene N'Guigmi lake (northern bank of the Lake Chad; Niger) is based on the relationships between the sedimentological features and the climato-hydrological fluctuations. The mineralogical parameters (e.g. calcium carbonate content, clay mineralogy) and the nature of autoch- thonous mineralization (i.e. amorphous silica, clays, calcium carbonates) can be interpreted using a straightforward hy- dro-sedimentary model. Established to explain the geochemical dynamics of Lake Chad, this model is based on a bio- geochemical cycle of the main elements (i.e. silicium, calcium) directly controlled by the local hydrological balance (i.e. rainfall/evaporation ratio). All these results show that a detailed study of sedimentological features can provide impor- tant paleohydrological informations about the regional aridification since ca 6500 14C BP.
Published: 2013

32. Palaeoenvironment and dating of the Early Acheulean localities from the Somme River basin (Northern France): New discoveries from the High Terrace at Abbeville-Carrière Carpentier

Author: Silvia M. Bello, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Pierre Voinchet, Jean‑luc Locht, Patrick Auguste, Olivier Tombret, Simon A. Parfitt, Bruce Hardy, Julie Dabkowski, Emmanuelle Stoetzel, Pierre Antoine, Davinia Moreno, Marie-Hélène Moncel, Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-BLAN-2006,PremAcheuSept,Apparition de l'Acheuléen en Europe du Nord-Ouest : une étude interdisciplinaire(2010), Institut Dolomieu (géologie), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fondation I.P.H
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Early Pleistocene, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Palaeoenvironment, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Somme River terraces, Marl, Homo heidelbergensis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ESR dating, Global and Planetary Change, biology, North France, Acheulean bifaces, Palaeontology, Quaternary science, Cromerian, Geology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Carrière Carpentier, Quaternary, Acheulean, Chronology
Abstract: International audience; Dating the earliest human occupations in Western Europe and reconstructing links with climatic and environmental constraints is a central issue in Quaternary studies. Amongst the discovery of Palaeolithic artefacts ascribed to the Early Pleistocene in southeast Britain and central France the Somme Basin, where the Acheulean type-site Amiens Saint-Acheul is located, is a key area for addressing this topic. Research undertaken over the past 20 years on both Quaternary fluvial and loess sequences of this area has provided a unique dataset for the study of the relations between human occupations and environmental variations. Studies based on an interdisciplinary approach combining sedimentology, palaeontology and geochronology have highlighted the impact of the 100 kyrs cycles on terrace formation during the last million years. In this terrace system, the earliest in situ Acheulean settlements known in the 1990s were dated to early MIS 12 (±450 ka), but new field discoveries, at Amiens “Rue du Manège”, dated to ± 550 ka, significantly increase the age of the oldest human occupation in the area. In this context, new fieldwork has been undertaken in Abbeville at the Carrière Carpentier site, famous for its White Marl deposit attributed to the Cromerian and in the same terrace level where the former discoveries of “Abbevillian bifaces” were made by d'Ault du Mesnil. This research is based on an interdisciplinary approach, combining sedimentology, paleontology, dating (ESR on quartz and ESR/U-series on teeth) and archaeology. According to the various bio-proxies (molluscs, large vertebrates, small mammals), the White Marl was deposited during the early part of an interglacial phase in an aquatic slow-flowing environment, as emphasized by the development of oncoliths and the presence of fish and aquatic molluscs. The landscape was composed of a mosaic of open bush and forest areas, in which wet and grassy vegetation developed on riverbanks. On the basis of terrace stratigraphy, ESR and ESR/U-series dating results, and biostratigraphic data, the fluvial deposits of the White Marl can be securely attributed to MIS 15. In addition, some Acheulean bifaces were discovered at the base of the slope deposits, directly overlying the fluvial sequence. These artefacts are most likely coeval with the end of MIS 15 or an early stage of MIS 14, between 550 and 500 ka, and represent, together with the artefacts from Amiens “Rue du Manège”, the oldest in situ evidence of Acheulean occupation in Northern France. However, no unquestionable artefacts have been discovered in the White Marl or in the underlying gravel layer. These discoveries contribute to the chronology of the earliest evidence of hominin occupations in north-western Europe which may be related to Homo heidelbergensis.
Published: 2016

33. Cost estimation of intimate partner violence and its consequences on children in France in 2012: a summary of the third French cost study

Author: Albagly, Maïté, Cavalin, Catherine, Mugnier, Claude, Nectoux, Marc, Bernède-Bauduin, Claire, Centre d'études européennes et de politique comparée (CEE), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pharmacoepidemiologie et évaluation de l'impact des produits de santé sur les populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre d'études européennes et de politique comparée (Sciences Po, CNRS) (CEE), Institut Dolomieu (géologie), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Abstract: Objectifs – Le coût des violences au sein du couple et de leurs conséquences sur les enfants (VSCE) a été calculé pour l’année 2012 en France. Comme dans d’autres études, ce type de calcul contribue depuis quelque vingt ans à faire des violences interpersonnelles une question de santé publique. Nous en discutons la méthode, les résultats et l’apport possible à des politiques sanitaires.Matériel-méthodes – L’étude s’appuie sur 1) des données administratives ; 2) des enquêtes en population générale (prévalence et incidence des phénomènes, étayage des causalités entre violences subies et santé) ; 3) des études spécifiques (données en population générale ou à vocation clinique) ; 4) des compléments qualitatifs recueillis auprès d’experts pour les données les plus lacunaires. Pour la valorisation monétaire des VSCE, c’est la « valeur de la vie statistique » qui est utilisée, selon l’estimation réalisée en France en 2013.Résultats – Le coût total des VSCE est estimé à 3,6 milliards d’euros en 2012, dont 21,5% de coûts directs (médicaux ou non), 66,8% de coûts indirects et 11,7% de coûts pesant sur les enfants. Tant pour les dépenses imputables aux VSCE (coût d’opportunité) que pour les manques à gagner qu’elles engendrent, leurs coûts sont massivement déterminés par la victimation des femmes dans le couple.Discussion – L’augmentation du coût des VSCE depuis la première étude française s’explique par la possibilité de nouveaux chiffrages et ouvre des discussions sur certaines hypothèses émises, dans chacune des études menées, sur des postes spécifiques de coût. Elle s’explique surtout par un accroissement du consentement à payer : renchérie, la « valeur de la vie statistique » vient alourdir le volume et la part des coûts indirects. Des données quantitatives manquent, particulièrement pour les enfants. Des données qualitatives nouvelles permettraient aussi de mieux interpréter la rare et statistiquement atypique victimation des hommes.Conclusion – Le calcul du coût confirme le fardeau considérable des VSCE dans une logique « burden of disease ». Les données restent à compléter et l’opérationnalisation de l’instrument « coût » dans les politiques sanitaires demeure encore inachevée.
Published: 2016

34. Calcite veins as an indicator of fracture dilatancy and connectivity during strike-slip faulting in Toarcian shale (Tournemire tunnel, Southern France)

Author: Pierre Dick, Mélody Lefèvre, Yves Guglielmi, Pierre Henry, Claude Gout, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Total E&P, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche sur les transferts et les interactions dans les sous-sols (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LETIS), Service des déchets radioactifs et des transferts dans la géosphère (IRSN/PSE-ENV/SEDRE), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LETIS, and Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)
Subjects: Dilatant, Calcite, Geochemistry & Geophysics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bedding, Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Strike-slip tectonics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Petrology, Anisotropy, Slipping, Oil shale, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The reactivation of faults induced by natural/human induced fluid pressure increases is a major concern to explain subsurface fluid migration and to estimate the risk of losing the integrity of reservoir/seal systems. This study focusses on paleo-fluid migration in a strike slip fault with >100 m long, affecting a Toarcian shale (Causses Basin, France). A high calcite concentration is observed in a 5 cm thick zone at the boundary between the fault core and damage zone. Cumulated displacements in this zone are of millimeter-to-centimeter-scale offsets and different dilatant deformation textures are observed. The zone is affected by thin slip planes containing gouge. Cathodo-luminescence observations indicate that two phases of vein formation occurred. The first phase coincides with the fluid migration along this centimeter thick dilatant zone. The second one is associated to re-shear along the millimeter thick slip planes that results in more localized mineralization, but also in a better hydrologic connection through the shale formation. These results show that in shales fluids may migrate off a slipping surface in centimeter scale dilatant volumes, at first controlled by the intact shale anisotropy related to bedding and then favored by brecciating, structures re-orientation and strengthening processes induced by calcite sealing effects. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

35. Domme : la grotte ornée de Saint-Front dite du Mammouth

Author: Robert, Eric, Petrognani, Stephane, Cretin, Catherine, Le Fillâtre, Virginie, Lesvignes, Émilie, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie de la Préhistoire (IPGQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2016

36. III-5. Infrastructures et compétences humaines disponibles en Polynésie française ou dont celle-ci doit se doter pour accueillir une filièred’exploitation minière sous-marine

Author: Bambridge, Tamatoa, Cochonat, Pierre, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie, Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble, and Savoyat, Olivier
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, océan, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Polynésie française, ressources minérales
Abstract: International audience; La Polynésie française se caractérise par une immense zone économique exclusive, constituant la moitié de la zone maritime française, elle-même deuxième mondiale. Les enjeux de conservation et d'exploitation durable des océans et des ressources marines (objectif 14 de l'agenda onusien du développement durable) y sont considérables. Dans un contexte international marqué par une hausse de la demande en matières premières minérales et une "course à la mer", nouvelle frontière d'expansion territoriale, la question des ressources minérales profondes en Polynésie française suscite aujourd'hui un intérêt accru. L'État et la Polynésie française ont commandé à l'Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD) cette expertise collégiale sur les ressources minérales marines profondes en Polynésie française. Cette expertise, réalisée par un collège d'experts pluridisciplinaire (anthropologie, biologie, droit, économie, géographie, géologie, technologie), recense les connaissances actuelles et construit un diagnostic nuancé. Elle aboutit à une série de recommandations utiles aux décideurs politiques en matière de production de connaissances, de développement de technologies et de gouvernance, contribuant ainsi à la définition d'une stratégie de développement d'une filière minière sous-marine respectueuse des enjeux sociaux et environnementaux spécifiques à la Polynésie française. Contribution des auteurs
Published: 2016

37. Late Triassic–early Jurassic block tilting along E–W faults, in southern Tunisia: New interpretation of the Tebaga of Medenine

Author: Sami Khomsi, Camille Raulin, François Guillocheau, Nicolas Mouchot, Dominique Frizon de Lamotte, Samir Bouaziz, Geoffrey Ruiz, Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement Cergy (GEC), Fédération INSTITUT DES MATÉRIAUX DE CERGY-PONTOISE (I-MAT), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine, Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de Géologie et Paléontologie, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: East Mediterranean, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Paleozoic, Permian, Rifting, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Unconformity, Sequence (geology), Tectonics, Paleontology, Southern Tunisia, Upper Triassic, Tebaga of Medenine, Mesozoic, Lower-Middle Jurassic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: The Tebaga of Medenine is a puzzling structure situated at the northern edge of the Jeffara plain in southern Tunisia. It presents the unique outcropping marine Permian sequence in Africa as well as spectacular angular unconformities related to Mesozoic tectono-sedimentary events. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain this structure but some questions still remain. We present the result of an integrated study of the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the region, based on new field work and a reassessment of some subsurface data. We propose a new structural hypothesis in which the Tebaga of Medenine is interpreted as resulting from large scale block tilting, mainly controlled by inherited E–W major faults, the Azizia fault system. These E–W faults running along the Jeffara plain may represent inherited structural features in relation with deep faulting in the Paleozoic substratum. This rifting occurring during late Triassic up to the end of early Jurassic, is finally integrated in the general frame of the East Mediterranean. Highlights ► The Tebaga of Medenine is a E–W structure in southern Tunisia, which constitutes the unique outcrop of marine permian rocks in Africa. ► It resulted from a large scale block tilting, controlled by E–W faults running along the Jeffara plain. ► This rifting occurred during late Triassic up to the end of early Jurassic.
Published: 2011
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38. Late Glacial-Holocene sequence of Lake Saint-Point (Jura Mountains, France): Detrital inputs as records of climate change and anthropic impact

Author: Thierry Adatte, Emilie Gauthier, Hervé Richard, Agnès Baltzer, Michel Magny, Anne-Véronique Walter-Simonnet, Vincent Bichet, Aurélie Leroux, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Université de Neuchâtel, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière ( M2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Pleistocene, Climate, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Carbonates, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Lake, Paleontology, Paleoclimatology, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Glacial period, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, Global and Planetary Change, Detristism, Last Glacial Maximum, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Anthropic, Physical geography, Quaternary, Cenozoic, Geology
Abstract: International audience; A sediment sequence (SP05, 12.5 m long) was taken from the deep zone of Lake Saint-Point (850 m a.s.l.). Sedimentological analyses highlight two main contrasted periods of sedimentation: the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)/Late Glacial characterized by high silicates and quartz contents the Holocene dominated by the carbonated fraction. At the beginning of the Holocene (11 400 years cal. BP), silicates fraction flux abruptly decreased. The shift between the Late Glacial and the Holocene periods may be explained by forest development in the catchment. From 10 200 to 6800 years cal. BP, silicates and detrital carbonate fractions remained stable before they progressively increased steady till 5000 years cal. BP. Both increases cannot be totally attributed to an anthropic impact since pollen data indicate continuous anthropic activities only dated back from 3000 years cal. BP. They thus resulted from a dominant climatic control. From 5000 years cal. BP, silicates content still increased while detrital carbonates input became steady due to a change in pedogenetic processes affecting the catchment. During the last millennium, silicates and detrital carbonate decreased, probably due to pastureland development
Published: 2008

39. Extensional neotectonics around the bend of the Western/Central Alps: an overview

Author: Cécile Allanic, Martin Burkhard, Christian Sue, Pierre Tricart, Jean-Daniel Champagnac, Bastien Delacou, Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Neotectonics, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Alps, Faulting, Seismotectonics, Morphotectonics, Geodynamics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Strike-slip tectonics, 01 natural sciences, Strike-slip, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Compression (geology), Late orogenic extension, Structural geology, Foreland basin, Seismology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Western Alps' active tectonics is characterized by ongoing widespread extension in the highest parts of the belt and transpressive/compressive tectonics along its borders. We examine these contrasting tectonic regimes using a multidisciplinary approach including seismotectonics, numerical modeling, GPS, morphotectonics, fieldwork, and brittle deformation analysis. Extension appears to be the dominant process in the present-day tectonic activity in the Western Alps, affecting its internal areas all along the arc. Shortening, in contrast, is limited to small areas located along at the outer borders of the chain. Strike-slip is observed throughout the Alpine realm and in the foreland. The stress-orientation pattern is radial for σ3 in the inner, extensional zones, and for σ1 in the outer, transcurrent/tranpressional ones. Extensional areas can be correlated with the parts of the belt with the thickest crust. Quantification of seismic strain in tectonically homogeneous areas shows that only 10–20% of the geodesy-documented deformation can be explained by the Alpine seismicity. We propose that, Alpine active tectonics are ruled by isostasy/buoyancy forces rather than the ongoing shortening along the Alpine Europe/Adria collision zone. This interpretation is corroborated by numerical modeling. The Neogene extensional structures in the Alps formed under increasingly brittle conditions. A synthesis of paleostress tensors for the internal parts of the West-Alpine Arc documents major orogen-parallel extension with a continuous change in σ3 directions from ENE–WSW in the Simplon area, to N–S in the Vanoise area and to NNW–SSE in the Briançon area. Minor orogen-perpendicular extension increases from N to S. This second signal correlates with the present-day geodynamics as revealed by focal-plane mechanisms analysis. The orogen-parallel extension could be related to the opening of the Ligurian Sea during the Early-Middle Miocene and to compression/rotation of the Adriatic indenter inducing lateral extrusion.
Published: 2007

40. Cadmium accumulation in six common plant species associated with soils containing high geogenic cadmium concentrations at Le Gurnigel, Swiss Jura Mountains

Author: Virginie Matera, Raul P. Quezada-Hinojosa, François Gillet, Karl B. Föllmi, Institut de Géologie et d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Géopolis Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (Vandoeuvre lès Nancy) ( INRS ( Vandoeuvre lès Nancy) ), Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (Vandoeuvre lès Nancy) (INRS ( Vandoeuvre lès Nancy))
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, Rhizosphere, Cadmium, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, Bioavailability, Cynosurus cristatus, Bulk soil, chemistry.chemical_element, 15. Life on land, Plants, biology.organism_classification, Ranunculus, Soil, Dactylis glomerata, chemistry, Botany, Jura, Hypericum maculatum, Sequential extraction, Poaceae, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: The uptake of cadmium (Cd) was analyzed for six different perennial plant species growing in a wooded pasture of the Swiss Jura Mountains, where the soils are geogenically enriched in Cd (4.58 mg.kg(-1) on average (n = 36); maximal value: 16.3 mg.kg(-1)). The six selected plants - Hypericum maculatum (Hypericaceae), Alchemilla xanthochlora (Rosaceae), Cynosurus cristatus (Poaceae), Ranunculus acris (Ranunculaceae), Dactylis glomerata (Poaceae) and Acer pseudoplatanus (Sapindaceae) - show variable Cd contents among the species and among individuals from the same family (Poaceae). Average Cd concentrations in the selected plants are in the 2-6 mg.kg(-1) range and exceed the maximal Cd concentration tolerated in vegetal feed for animals, which is established at 1 mg.kg(-1). High Cd concentrations in the soil result in a reduction of Cd accumulation in the shoots and a corresponding increase in the roots. This implies that Cd transfer coefficients from the soil/rhizosphere to the plant are inversely proportional to the total Cd concentrations in soils and do not depend on plant species but instead on soil type. Sequential chemical extractions reveal that variations in Cd distribution between the bulk soil and the corresponding rhizospheric soil occur mainly in the Cd-bearing phases, which are exchangeable, bound to carbonates, and associated with organic matter. This is principally due to the incorporation of root exudates, which modify pH and redox conditions of the rhizosphere. Elevated Cd concentrations in the shoots of A. xanthochlora (up to 8 mg.kg(-1)), C. cristatus (9 mg.kg(-1)) and H. maculatum (3 mg.kg(-1)) may represent a long-term hazard for livestock and human health since these plants are used either by grazing cattle or for medicinal purposes. On the contrary, R. acris, A. pseudoplatanus, and especially D. glomerata show lower Cd concentrations and are of minor concern with regards to their environmental impact. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015

41. Les changements dans la végétation à l'Holocène au Lac du Ledro (Trentino, Italy)

Author: Sebastien Joannin, Boris Vannière, Didier Galop, Michel Magny, Adrian Gilli, Emmanuel Chapron, Stefanie Wirth, Flavio Anselmetti, Marc Desmet, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Paléoenvironnement et paléobiosphère ( PP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Géographie de l'environnement ( GEODE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ), Geological Institute ETH Zürich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule [Zürich] ( ETH Zürich ) -Institut de Géologie, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans ( ISTO ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Géologie, ACCES-INRP, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geological Institute [ETH Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Université de Tours-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [ SHS.ENVIR ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies
Abstract: Présentation orale; Dans le cadre du projet ANR LAMA coordonné par M. Magny et N. Combourieu-Nebout, nous présentons les analyses palynologiques de la carotte profonde prélevée au Lac du Ledro (Trentino, Italie). Ce lac, avec un bassin versant de 48 km2, se trouve au sud des Alpes à 650 m d'altitude. La carotte a été repérée dans un secteur non perturbé par sismique-réflexion. Le modèle d'âge établi à partir des 13 dates 14C valide l'enregistrement pollinique à une résolution temporelle inférieure au siècle (63 ans). Les données palynologiques disponibles couvrent maintenant tout l'Holocène. Elles montrent l'apparition successive du cortège de végétation connu sur le versant sud des Alpes. Au cours de la première moitié de l'Holocène, des changements climatiques brutaux sont enregistrés par la végétation, la géophysique et la chimie élémentaire et correspondent à des fluctuations du 18O dans la calotte de glace groenlandaise (GISP2). Les refroidissements de l'Oscillation « Préboréal » (PBO) et de l'évènement 8200 cal BP sont respectivement marqués par l'arrêt de l'expansion forestière du début de l'Holocène et l'intégration du sapin dans les écosystèmes locaux. Dans la seconde moitié de l'Holocène, deux phases de recul marquées dans le taux de pollen arboréen conjointement aux occurrences continues de pollen issu de l'activité humaine (céréales et taxons indicateurs d'anthropisation) sont observées et confirmées par l'accroissement de l'érosion des sols (susceptibilité magnétique). Elles enregistrent l'installation, en deux étapes successives, d'occupations humaines à l'âge du Bronze moyen puis à l'âge du Fer. Ces deux phases sont séparées par une phase de déprise agricole et de recolonisation forestière qui n'est pas expliquée par une oscillation climatique (GISP2). Des évènements de crue sont révélés par les figures sédimentaires et les fortes valeurs en Zirconium. Le modèle d'âge et les données polliniques sont rediscutés après avoir enlevé ces évènements instantanés de la séquence sédimentaire.

42. The advanced Moon micro-imager experiment (AMIE) on SMART-1: Scientific goals and expected results

Author: Karri Muinonen, Jean-Luc Josset, Yves Langevin, Pascale Ehrenfreund, Bernard Foing, P. Plancke, Stephane Beauvivre, M. C. De Sanctis, Beda A. Hofmann, Miguel Almeida, Zoran Sodnik, S. Chevrel, Patrick Pinet, M. Josset, Detlef Koschny, V. V. Shevchenko, Priscilla Cerroni, M. A. Barucci, Yu. G. Shkuratov, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], SPACE-X, Space Exploration Institute, Helsinki Observatory, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Astronomical Institute of Kharkov National University, Shternberg State Institute of Astronomy (SSIA), Power and Control Data division, ESA-ESTEC, Natural History Museum, Institut de Géologie de l'université de Neuchatel (IGUN), Leiden Observatory, and Space Science Department, European Space Agency
Subjects: geography, medicine.medical_specialty, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pixel, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, South Pole–Aitken basin, Regolith, Spectral imaging, Volcano, Impact crater, Space and Planetary Science, medicine, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Geology, Remote sensing, Radio Science
Abstract: International audience; The advanced Moon micro-imager experiment (AMIE) is the imaging system on board ESA mission to the Moon SMART-1; it makes use of a miniaturised detector and micro-processor electronics developed by SPACE X in the frame of the ESA technical programme. The AMIE micro-imager will provide high resolution CCD images of selected lunar areas and it will perform colour imaging through three filters at 750, 915 and 960 nm with a maximum resolution of 46 m/pixel at the perilune of 500 km. Specific scientific objectives will include (1) imaging of high latitude regions in the southern hemisphere, in particular the South Pole Aitken basin (SPA) and the permanently shadowed regions close to the South Pole, (2) determination of the photometric properties of the lunar surface from observations at different phase angles (physical properties of the regolith), (3) multi-band imaging for constraining the chemical and mineral composition of the surface, (4) detection and characterisation of lunar non-mare volcanic units, (5) study of lithological variations from impact craters and implications for crustal heterogeneity. The AMIE micro-imager will also support a Laser-link experiment to Earth, an On Board Autonomous Navigation investigation and a Lunar libration experiment coordinated with radio science measurements.
Published: 2005

43. Unambiguous Büchi automata

Author: Max Michel, Olivier Carton, Laboratoire d'informatique Algorithmique : Fondements et Applications (LIAFA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Dolomieu (géologie)
Subjects: Discrete mathematics, TheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICES, General Computer Science, 010102 general mathematics, Rational set, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Timed automaton, Büchi automaton, 0102 computer and information sciences, ω-automaton, Nonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases, 01 natural sciences, Mobile automaton, Theoretical Computer Science, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Deterministic automaton, Continuous spatial automaton, Two-way deterministic finite automaton, 0101 mathematics, Computer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Computer Science(all)
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a special class of Büchi automata called unambiguous. In these automata, any infinite word labels exactly one path going infinitely often through final states. The word is recognized by the automaton if this path starts in an initial state. The main result of the paper is that any rational set of infinite words is recognized by such an automaton. We give two proofs of this result. We also provide several related results.
Published: 2003
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44. Ethique et contrôle de gestion

Author: Desmaison, Gérard, Baron, Philippe, Ribiollet, François-Xavier, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations (ISEOR), Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations, Institut de géologie, and Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble
Subjects: contrôle de gestion, éthique, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

45. Gérer le changement

Author: Desmaison, Gérard, Baron, Philippe, Ribiollet, François-Xavier, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations (ISEOR), Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations, Institut de géologie, and Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, conduite du changement, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

46. Le contrôle de gestion et les méthodes de management

Author: Desmaison, Gérard, Baron, Philippe, Ribiollet, François-Xavier, Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations (ISEOR), Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Institut de géologie, and Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble
Subjects: contrôle de gestion, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, management
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

47. Faire accepter le contrôle de gestion et gérer ses opposants

Author: Desmaison, Gérard, Baron, Philippe, Ribiollet, François-Xavier, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations (ISEOR), Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations, Institut de géologie, and Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble
Subjects: adhésion, contrôle de gestion, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, opposants
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

48. High multiplicity processes with BlackHat and Sherpa

Author: D. Maitre, Fernando Febres Cordero, Harald Ita, David A. Kosower, Kemal J. Ozeren, Stephanie Bartle, Jeppe R. Andersen, Zvi Bern, Stefan Höche, Nicola Adriano Lo Presti, Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ERC-AdG-228301, MM-PGT, Institut Dolomieu (géologie), and De Laborderie, Emmanuelle
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (mathematics), High multiplicity, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Intermediate storage
Abstract: In this contribution, we present an intermediate storage format for next-to-leading order (NLO) events and explain the advantages of presenting a NLO calculation in this format. We also present some recent applications, including the calculation of PDF uncertainties and the combination of different multiplicity samples for the prediction of gap fractions in inclusive dijet events., Comment: 9 pages, proceedings for Loops and Legs 2014
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Contrôle à distance et dans les organisation complexes

Author: Desmaison, Gérard, Baron, Philippe, Ribiollet, François-Xavier, Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon, Institut de Socio-économie des Entreprises et des ORganisations (ISEOR), Institut de socio-économie des entreprises et des organisations, Institut de géologie, and Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble
Subjects: contrôle à distance, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, organisations complexes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

50. Une carte et une base de données pour les formations à silex du sud de la France : un outil pour la pétroarchéologie

Author: Fernandes, Paul, Raynal, Jean-Paul, Tallet, Pascal, Tuffery, Christophe, Piboule, Michel, Séronie-Vivien, Marie-Roger, Turq, Alain, Morala, André, Affolter, Jehanne, Millet, Dominique, Millet, Françoise, Delvigne, Vincent, Paléotime, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Institut de géologie Dolomieu, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Mécaniques et des MAtériaux (LISMMA), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-SUPMECA - Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris (SUPMECA), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-SUPMECA - Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris
Subjects: préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

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