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1. RESEARCH ON STATISTICAL MECHANICS.

Author

LEIDEN RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT (NETHERLANDS) INSTITUUT-LORENTZ, Mazur,Peter, LEIDEN RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT (NETHERLANDS) INSTITUUT-LORENTZ, and Mazur,Peter

Abstract

The following research has been performed and completed: (1) Research on Brownian Motion in Systems of Finite Size; (2) Research on the Statistical-Mechanical Thoery of Brownian Motion, both classical and Quantum-Mechanical; (3) Research on the Statistical-Mechanical Derivation of Maxwell's Equations; (4) Research on the Relativistic Dynamics of Polarized Systems.

Published
1967

2. The DIRAC code for relativistic molecular calculations

Author

Joost N. P. van Stralen, Jon K. Laerdahl, Jógvan Magnus Haugaard Olsen, Hans Jørgen Aagaard Jensen, André Severo Pereira Gomes, Bruno Senjean, Ephraim Eliav, Marta L. Vidal, Stefan Knecht, Małgorzata Olejniczak, Erik D. Hedegård, Kenneth G. Dyall, Malaya K. Nayak, Radovan Bast, Miroslav Iliaš, Roberto Di Remigio, A. Sunaga, Ignacio Agustín Aucar, Elke Faßhauer, Benjamin Helmich-Paris, Trond Saue, Avijit Shee, Timo Fleig, Lucas Visscher, Markus Pernpointner, Christoph R. Jacob, Loïc Halbert, Groupe Méthodes et outils de la chimie quantique (LCPQ) (GMO), Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC), Department of Chemistry [Tromsø], University of Tromsø (UiT)-University of Tromsø (UiT), Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (CONICET), Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences (Hylleraas), Department of Chemistry [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Dirac Solutions, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung (Coal Research), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University (UMB), Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry [Braunschweig], Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie (ETH-LPC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Centre for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Government of India, Department of Atomic Energy, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw (UW), Kybeidos GmbH, Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Department of Chemistry [Michigan], Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, region Hauts de France council, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) project CPER CLIMIBIO, Slovak Research and Development Agency and the Scientific Grant Agency, APVV19-0164 and VEGA 1/0562/20, respectively., Financial support from the European Commission (MetEmbed, Project No. 745967) and the Villum Foundation (Young Investigator Program, Grant No. 29412), Financial support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant No. 17J02767, and JSPS Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers, Grant No. 201880193., Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)., Funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) through various programs, This research used resources of the High Performance Computing Center of the Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica using the HPC infrastructureacquired in Project Nos. ITMS 26230120002 and 26210120002 (Slovak Infrastructure for High Performance Computing) supported by the Research and Development Operational Programme funded by the ERDF, Support by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence scheme, Project No. 262695, and through its Mobility Grant scheme, Project No. 261873., Support of the Polish National Science Centre (Grant No. 2016/23/D/ST4/03217)., Support from CONICET by Grant No. PIP 112-20130100361 and FONCYT by Grant No. PICT 2016-2936, Financial support from the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence scheme(Project No. 262695)., ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Universiteit Leiden, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Matej Bel University, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Theoretical Chemistry, AIMMS, Groupe Méthodes et outils de la chimie quantique (LCPQ) [GMO], Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique [PCMT], and Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie [ETH-LPC]

Subjects
Física Atómica, Molecular y Química, MOLECULAR PROPERTIES, Field (physics), Ciencias Físicas, Implicit solvation, Dirac (software), ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Polarizable continuum model, QUANTUM CHEMISTRY SOFTWARE, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Theoretical physics, Physics - Chemical Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Physics::Chemical Physics, Physics, Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, 010304 chemical physics, RELATIVISTIC MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS, Multireference configuration interaction, Propagator, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Coupled cluster, Embedding, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

DIRAC is a freely distributed general-purpose program system for 1-, 2- and 4-component relativistic molecular calculations at the level of Hartree--Fock, Kohn--Sham (including range-separated theory), multiconfigurational self-consistent-field, multireference configuration interaction, coupled cluster and electron propagator theory. At the self-consistent-field level a highly original scheme, based on quaternion algebra, is implemented for the treatment of both spatial and time reversal symmetry. DIRAC features a very general module for the calculation of molecular properties that to a large extent may be defined by the user and further analyzed through a powerful visualization module. It allows the inclusion of environmental effects through three different classes of increasingly sophisticated embedding approaches: the implicit solvation polarizable continuum model, the explicit polarizable embedding, and frozen density embedding models. DIRAC was one of the earliest codes for relativistic molecular calculations and remains a reference in its field., The following article has been submitted to The Journal of Chemical Physics. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/toc/jcp/current

Published
2020

3. Histone mark recognition controls nucleosome translocation via a kinetic proofreading mechanism: Confronting theory and high-throughput experiments

Author

Helmut Schiessel, Ralf Blossey, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands, Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lille, CNRS, and Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF]

Subjects
Regulation of gene expression, biology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Biological Transport, Computational biology, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, Chromatin remodeling, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Chromatin, Nucleosomes, Histone Code, chemistry.chemical_compound, Kinetics, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), Histone, chemistry, Structural biology, 0103 physical sciences, biology.protein, Nucleosome, Kinetic proofreading, 010306 general physics, DNA
Abstract

International audience; Chromatin remodelers are multi-domain enzymatic motor complexes that displace nucleosomes along DNA and hence 'remodel chromatin structure', i.e., they dynamically reorganize nucleosome positions in both gene activation and gene repression. Recently, experimental insights from structural biology methods and remodeling assays have substantially advanced the understanding of these key chromatin components. Here we confront the kinetic proofreading scenario of chromatin remodeling, which proposes a mechanical link between histone residue modifications and the ATP-dependent action of remodelers, with recent experiments. We show that recent high-throughput data on nucleosome libraries assayed with remodelers from the ISWI family are in accord with our earlier predictions of the kinetic proofreading scenario. We make suggestions for new experimentally verifiable predictions of the kinetic proofreading scenarios for remodelers from other families.

Published
2019

4. Superconductor spintronics: modeling spin and charge accumulation in out-of-equilibrium NIS junctions subjected to Zeeman magnetic fields

Author

Chevallier, D., Trif, M., Dutreix, C., Guigou, M., Quay, C. H. L., Aprili, M., Bena, C., Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides ( LPS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 ( IPHT ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine ( LOMA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), De Laborderie, Emmanuelle, Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], and Universiteit Leiden

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], spintronics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, [ PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), out of equilibrium normal-superconductor tunnel junction subjected to Zeeman field, FOS: Physical sciences, spin accumulation in superconductors, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

20 pages, 11 figures, new sections added, title, abstract, and introduction fully rewritten, new author added to the collaboration; We study the spin and charge accumulation in junctions between a superconductor and a ferromagnet or a normal metal in the presence of a Zeeman magnetic field, when the junction is taken out of equilibrium by applying a voltage bias. We write down the most general form for the spin and charge current in such junctions, taking into account all spin-resolved possible tunneling processes. We make use of these forms to calculate the spin accumulation in NS junctions subjected to a DC bias, and to an AC bias, sinusoidal or rectangular. We observe that in the limit of negligeable changes on the superconducting gap, the NS dynamical conductance is insensitive to spin imbalance. Therefore to probe the spin accumulation in the superconductor, one needs to separate the injection and detection point, i. e. the electrical spin detection must be non-local. We address also the effect of the spin accumulation induced in the normal leads by driving a spin current and its effects on the detection of the spin accumulation in the superconductor. Finally, we investigate the out-of-equilibrium spin susceptibility of the SC, and we show that it deviates drastically from it's equilibrium value.

Published
2018

5. Time and temperature-dependent correlation function of an impurity in a one-dimensional Fermi gas as a Fredholm determinant

Author

Gamayun, O., Pronko, Andrei G., Zvonarev, Mikhail B., Le Vaou, Claudine, Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Steklov Institute of Mathematics at St. Petersburg, National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics [St. Petersburg] (ITMO), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

We investigate a free one-dimensional spinless Fermi gas, and the Tonks-Girardeau gas interacting with a single impurity particle of equal mass. We obtain a Fredholm determinant representation for the time-dependent correlation function of the impurity particle. This representation is valid for an arbitrary temperature and an arbitrary repulsive or attractive impurity-gas $\delta$-function interaction potential. It includes, as particular cases, the representations obtained for zero temperature and arbitrary repulsion in [Nucl. Phys. B 892, 83 (2015)], and for arbitrary temperature and infinite repulsion in [Nucl. Phys. B 520, 594 (1998)]., Comment: 33 pages, no figures

Published
2015
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6. Reconstructing the world trade multiplex: The role of intensive and extensive biases

Author

Diego Garlaschelli, Giorgio Fagiolo, Rossana Mastrandrea, Tiziano Squartini, CPT - E5 Physique statistique et systèmes complexes, Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Economics of Sant'Anna [Pisa], Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Istituto Sistemi Complessi [ROME] (ISC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Universiteit Leiden

Subjects
Complex systems, Physics - Physics and Society, Financial networks, Entropy, Econophysics, [PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], Complex system, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Supply and demand, FOS: Economics and business, Statistics, Econometrics, Entropy (information theory), Mathematics, Null model, Statistical Physics, Econophysics,Entropy,Complex systems,Networks,World Trade Web,Statistical Physics, Graph theory, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, World Trade Web, Networks, General Finance (q-fin.GN), Quantitative Finance - General Finance, Intensive and extensive properties, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-DATA-AN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability [physics.data-an], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract

International audience; In economic and financial networks, the strength of each node has always an important economic meaning, such as the size of supply and demand, import and export, or financial exposure. Constructing null models of networks matching the observed strengths of all nodes is crucial in order to either detect interesting deviations of an empirical network from economically meaningful benchmarks or reconstruct the most likely structure of an economic network when the latter is unknown. However, several studies have proved that real economic networks and multiplexes topologically differ from configurations inferred only from node strengths. Here we provide a detailed analysis of the world trade multiplex by comparing it to an enhanced null model that simultaneously reproduces the strength and the degree of each node. We study several temporal snapshots and almost 100 layers (commodity classes) of the multiplex and find that the observed properties are systematically well reproduced by our model. Our formalism allows us to introduce the (static) concept of extensive and intensive bias, defined as a measurable tendency of the network to prefer either the formation of extra links or the reinforcement of link weights, with respect to a reference case where only strengths are enforced. Our findings complement the existing economic literature on (dynamic) intensive and extensive trade margins. More generally, they show that real-world multiplexes can be strongly shaped by layer-specific local constraints.

Published
2014

7. Emergent Spatial Structures in Flocking Models: A Dynamical System Insight

Author

Vincenzo Vitelli, Alexandre Solon, Denis Bartolo, Anton Peshkov, Jean-Baptiste Caussin, Hugues Chaté, Julien Tailleur, Thierry Dauxois, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes Physiques Hors-équilibre, hYdrodynamique, éNergie et compleXes (SPHYNX), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems (MPI-PKS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands, Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, ANR-13-BS04-0008,MiTra,Trafic Microfluidique(2013), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Spatial Behavior, General Physics and Astronomy, Pattern formation, FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0103 physical sciences, Computer Simulation, Multiplicity (chemistry), 010306 general physics, Flocking (texture), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Computer simulation, Isotropy, Flocculation, Active matter, Solutions, Nonlinear system, Classical mechanics, Models, Chemical, Hydrodynamics, Polar, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Abstract

International audience; We show that hydrodynamic theories of polar active matter generically possess inhomogeneous traveling solutions. We introduce a unifying dynamical-system framework to establish the shape of these intrinsically nonlinear patterns, and show that they correspond to those hitherto observed in experiments and numerical simulation: periodic density waves, and solitonic bands, or polar-liquid droplets both cruising in isotropic phases. We elucidate their respective multiplicity and mutual relations, as well as their existence domain.

Published
2014

8. Bivalent defect configurations in inhomogeneous nematic shells

Author

Alberto Fernandez-Nieves, Teresa Lopez-Leon, Vincenzo Vitelli, Vinzenz Koning, Gulliver (UMR 7083), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands, and Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Double emulsion, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Liquid crystal, 0103 physical sciences, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phase diagram
Abstract

We present a theoretical study of the director fields and energetics of nematic liquid crystal shells with two pairs of surface defects. The pairs of defects can undergo abrupt transitions between a configuration of maximum separation to at state in which the defects are confined to the thinnest hemisphere. We construct a phase diagram that maps out the stability and coexistence of these two configurations as a function of shell thickness and thickness inhomogeneity. Our results compare favorably with the experimentally observed transitions in nematic double emulsion droplets and explain their hysteretic character., 12 pages, 16 figures

Published
2012

9. Polymer rheology simulations at the meso- and macroscopic scale

Author

W. van Saarloos, Alexander Morozov, Ellák Somfai, J. W. van de Meent, Eric Sultan, Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Centre for Complexity Science, University of Warwick [Coventry], School of Physics (JCMB), University of Edinburgh, and Universiteit Leiden [Leiden]

Subjects
Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Polymers and polymer solutions, Physics - Classical Physics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, 01 natural sciences, Viscoelasticity, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, Rheology, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010306 general physics, Couette flow, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Turbulence, Dissipative particle dynamics, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), Reynolds number, Classical Physics (physics.class-ph), Mechanics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Computational methods in fluid dynamics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Macroscopic scale, symbols, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Shear flow, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

We show that simulations of polymer rheology at a fluctuating mesoscopic scale and at the macroscopic scale where flow instabilities occur can be achieved at the same time with dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) technique.} We model the visco-elasticity of polymer liquids by introducing a finite fraction of dumbbells in the standard DPD fluid. The stretching and tumbling statistics of these dumbbells is in agreement with what is known for isolated polymers in shear flows. At the same time, the model exhibits behaviour reminiscent of drag reduction in the turbulent state: as the polymer fraction increases, the onset of turbulence in plane Couette flow is pushed to higher Reynolds numbers. The method opens up the possibility to model nontrivial rheological conditions with ensuing coarse grained polymer statistics.

Published
2010

10. Size-consistent variational approaches to nonlocal pseudopotentials: Standard and lattice regularized diffusion Monte Carlo methods revisted

Author

Michele Casula, Saverio Moroni, Sandro Sorella, Claudia Filippi, Computational Chemical Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNR-IOM-Democritos, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden]-Instituut Lorentz, and Universiteit Leiden-Instituut Lorentz

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, 010304 chemical physics, METIS-266191, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Non local, 01 natural sciences, IR-76316, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Pseudopotential, symbols.namesake, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, symbols, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Applied mathematics, Diffusion Monte Carlo, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We propose improved versions of the standard diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and the lattice regularized diffusion Monte Carlo (LRDMC) algorithms. For the DMC method, we refine a scheme recently devised to treat non-local pseudopotential in a variational way. We show that such scheme --when applied to large enough systems-- maintains its effectiveness only at correspondingly small enough time-steps, and we present two simple upgrades of the method which guarantee the variational property in a size-consistent manner. For the LRDMC method, which is size-consistent and variational by construction, we enhance the computational efficiency by introducing (i) an improved definition of the effective lattice Hamiltonian which remains size-consistent and entails a small lattice-space error with a known leading term, and (ii) a new randomization method for the positions of the lattice knots which requires a single lattice-space., 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the Journal of Chemical Physics

Published
2010

11. Dipolar particles trapped in a cylindrical pore

Author

Mourad, A., Mohrbach, H., Messina, R., Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SubLambda - IEMN (SubLambda - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, Laboratoire de physique moléculaire et des collisions (LPMC), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Nanophotonique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), and Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

A salient effect of strong confinement, especially when quasi one-dimensional, is to drastically alter the phase behavior and concomitantly the physico-chemical properties of a substance encountered in the bulk. The ground state phase diagram of dipolar hard spheres of diameter d as a function of the pore opening , with D being the cylinder diameter of the confining pore, is investigated theoretically. Whereas finding the densest configurations with hard spheres would be a purely geometrical problem, the situation becomes much more intricate with long-ranged anisotropic interactions. As a major finding, long pores prohibit chain undulation (helicity) and wall-contact–free (floating) linear chain bundles emerge. These results shed light on recent experimental observations with magnetic colloids in microtubes. Applications in other fields are discussed as well.

Published
2023

12. The Buckling of a Swollen Thin Gel Layer Bound to a Compliant Substrate

Author

Eric Sultan, Arezki Boudaoud, Instituut Lorentz (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire de Physique Statistique de l'ENS (LPS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, genetic structures, growth, Thin layer, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, 0203 mechanical engineering, Residual stress, elastic gels, medicine, buckling, Composite material, Mechanical Engineering, Foundation (engineering), Compliant substrate, [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph], 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Wavelength, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Buckling, instabilities, Mechanics of Materials, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), sense organs, Swelling, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology, singularities, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Layer (electronics)
Abstract

Gels are used to design bilayered structures with high residual stresses. The swelling of a thin layer on a compliant substrate leads to compressive stresses. The post-buckling of this layer is investigated experimentally; the wavelengths and amplitudes of the resulting modes are measured. A simplified model with a self-avoiding rod on a Winkler foundation is in semi-quantitative agreement with experiments and reproduces the observed cusp-like folds., Comment: submitted to Journal of Applied Mechanics

Published
2008

13. Semi-classical buckling of stiff polymers

Author

Emanuel, Marc, Mohrbach, Hervé, Sayar, Mehmet, Schiessel, Helmut, Kulić, Igor M., Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands, Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, Laboratoire de physique moléculaire et des collisions (LPMC), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM), Fédération de Chimie de Nancy (FCN), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Koc University, College of Engineering, Koc University, College of Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and Harvard University [Cambridge]

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

A quantitative theory of the buckling of a worm like chain based on a semi-classical approximation of the partition function is presented. The contribution of thermal fluctuations to the force-extension relation that allows to go beyond the classical Euler buckling is derived in the linear and non-linear regime as well. It is shown that the thermal fluctuations in the nonlinear buckling regime increase the end-to-end distance of the semiflexible rod if it is confined to 2 dimensions as opposed to the 3 dimensional case. Our approach allows a complete physical understanding of buckling in D=2 and in D=3 below and above the Euler transition., Comment: Revtex, 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2007

14. Alleviation of the Fermion-sign problem by optimization of many-body wave functions

Author

Claudia Filippi, Cyrus Umrigar, Sandro Sorella, Richard G. Hennig, Julien Toulouse, Cornell Theory Center, Cornell University [New York], Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics [Ithaca] (LASSP), Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden]-Instituut Lorentz, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and NSF (No. DMR-0205328, No. EAR-0530301), Sandia Natl. Lab., FOM (Netherlands), and MIUR-COFIN05

Subjects
Optimization, Quantum Monte Carlo, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Hybrid Monte Carlo, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Sign Problem, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO, 010306 general physics, Wave function, Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Hamiltonian matrix, 010304 chemical physics, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, quantum Monte Carlo, Dynamic Monte Carlo method, Monte Carlo method in statistical physics, Diffusion Monte Carlo, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Monte Carlo molecular modeling, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

International audience; We present a simple, robust, and highly efficient method for optimizing all parameters of many-body wave functions in quantum Monte Carlo calculations, applicable to continuum systems and lattice models. Based on a strong zero-variance principle, diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix in the space spanned by the wave function and its derivatives determines the optimal parameters. It systematically reduces the fixed-node error, as demonstrated by the calculation of the binding energy of the small but challenging C2 molecule to the experimental accuracy of 0.02 eV.

Published
2007

15. Unbiased sampling of network ensembles

Author

Tiziano Squartini, Diego Garlaschelli, Rossana Mastrandrea, Instituut Lorentz for Theoretical Physics (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi--CNR UOS Sapienza, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], CPT - E5 Physique statistique et systèmes complexes, Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Economics and LEM, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Dutch Econophysics Foundation (Stichting Econophysics, Leiden, the Netherlands), Duyfken Trading Knowledge BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO/OCW), CRISIS-Lab, European Project: 317532,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-8,MULTIPLEX(2012), Universiteit Leiden, and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Binary number, ensemble nonequivalence, Sample (statistics), Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Methodology (stat.ME), [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], RANDOM GRAPHS, sampling network ensembles, Statistics - Methodology, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Random graph, Physics, Principle of maximum entropy, Sampling (statistics), Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, complex networks, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], Complex network, Null (SQL), maximum entropy principle, Reciprocity (network science), null models of graphs, Algorithm, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-DATA-AN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability [physics.data-an]
Abstract

Sampling random graphs with given properties is a key step in the analysis of networks, as random ensembles represent basic null models required to identify patterns such as communities and motifs. An important requirement is that the sampling process is unbiased and efficient. The main approaches are microcanonical, i.e. they sample graphs that match the enforced constraints exactly. Unfortunately, when applied to strongly heterogeneous networks (like most real-world examples), the majority of these approaches become biased and/or time-consuming. Moreover, the algorithms defined in the simplest cases, such as binary graphs with given degrees, are not easily generalizable to more complicated ensembles. Here we propose a solution to the problem via the introduction of a "Maximize and Sample" ("Max & Sam" for short) method to correctly sample ensembles of networks where the constraints are `soft', i.e. realized as ensemble averages. Our method is based on exact maximum-entropy distributions and is therefore unbiased by construction, even for strongly heterogeneous networks. It is also more computationally efficient than most microcanonical alternatives. Finally, it works for both binary and weighted networks with a variety of constraints, including combined degree-strength sequences and full reciprocity structure, for which no alternative method exists. Our canonical approach can in principle be turned into an unbiased microcanonical one, via a restriction to the relevant subset. Importantly, the analysis of the fluctuations of the constraints suggests that the microcanonical and canonical versions of all the ensembles considered here are not equivalent. We show various real-world applications and provide a code implementing all our algorithms., MatLab code available at http://www.mathworks.it/matlabcentral/fileexchange/46912-max-sam-package-zip

Published
2015

16. Simple and efficient approach to the optimization of correlated wave functions

Author

Anthony Scemama, Claudia Filippi, Instituut-Lorentz, and Universiteit Leiden [Leiden]-Instituut Lorentz

Subjects
PACS: 02.70.Ss, 31.10.+z, 31.25.Qm, Quantum Monte Carlo, Monte Carlo method, wave functions, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Hybrid Monte Carlo, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Applied mathematics, Quasi-Monte Carlo method, 010306 general physics, perturbation theory, Physics, 010304 chemical physics, Monte Carlo methods, Condensed Matter Physics, ground states, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Dynamic Monte Carlo method, Monte Carlo integration, Diffusion Monte Carlo, organic compounds, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other), Monte Carlo molecular modeling
Abstract

We present a simple and efficient method to optimize within energy minimization the determinantal component of the many-body wave functions commonly used in quantum Monte Carlo calculations. The approach obtains the optimal wave function as an approximate perturbative solution of an effective Hamiltonian iteratively constructed via Monte Carlo sampling. The effectiveness of the method as well as its ability to substantially improve the accuracy of quantum Monte Carlo calculations is demonstrated by optimizing a large number of parameters for the ground state of acetone and the difficult case of the $1{}^1{B}_{1u}$ state of hexatriene., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

Published
2006

37. Fourth root prescription for dynamical staggered fermions

Author

Adams, David [Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden (Netherland) and National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan (China) and Physics Department, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199 (United States)]

Published
2005
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44. Chromatin remodelers as active Brownian dimers

Author

Helmut Schiessel, Ralf Blossey, Université de Lille, CNRS, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 [UGSF], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Leiden

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Statistics and Probability, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], General Physics and Astronomy, active Brownian dimer, 01 natural sciences, Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes, 03 medical and health sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Molecular motor, Nucleosome, Twist, 010306 general physics, chromatin remodeler, Mathematical Physics, Brownian motion, Physics, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, biology, nucleosome, helicase, Helicase, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Quantitative Biology::Genomics, Chromatin, 030104 developmental biology, Modeling and Simulation, biology.protein, Biophysics
Abstract

International audience; Chromatin remodelers are molecular motors which actively displace nucleosomes on chromatin. Recent results on the structural properties of these motors indicate that the displacement of nucleosomal DNA corresponds to an inchworm motion induced by the generation and propagation of twist defects. Here we show that this basic action mechanism can be described by a coarse-grained active Brownian dimer (ABD) model, thereby quantitatively rationalizing the notion of inchworm motion. The model allows for extensions to more microscopic as well towards more macroscopic descriptions of chromatin hydrodynamics.

Published
2019

50. Inflationary potentials from the exact renormalisation group

Author

Sašo Grozdanov, Eirik Eik Svanes, David Kraljic, Instituut Lorentz for Theoretical Physics (INSTITUUT LORENTZ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Rudolf Peierls Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, and University of Oxford

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Schrödinger equation, symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Mathematical physics, Physics, Coupling, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Renormalization group, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Mean field theory, symbols, lcsh:QC770-798, Quantum gravity, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), Scalar field, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We show that an inflationary slow-roll potential can be derived as an IR limit of the non-perturbative exact renormalisation group equation for a scalar field within the mean-field approximation. The result follows without having to specify a Lagrangian for the UV theory at the Planck scale. We assume that the theory contains a scalar mode with suppressed coupling to other UV fields, and that higher derivative couplings are suppressed. The resulting effective potential gives rise to slow-roll inflation, which is fully consistent with the recent observations. As an example of how the proposed renormalisation group procedure works, we perform an explicit calculation in the $\phi^4$ theory., Comment: V3: 11 pages, 4 figures. Text matches the published version

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