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The category of discursive dialogicality is considered, represented in a literary text that exists on the border of two social discourses – literature and law. The semantic domain of the interdiscourse, as a heterogeneous linguosociocultural space in which two different discourses interact, is open, mobile and dialogically conditioned. The aim of the paper is to reconstruct the cooperative model of dialogical interaction of the stated discourses, i.e. such a model that allows a recipient to bring together two worldviews in the recipient’s mind: legal and artistic. The subject of the research is the implementation of the category of discursive dialogicality in a literary text with a dominant legal storyline, as well as the peculiarity of linguistic means and speechmaking techniques relevant for a social novel – the genre type that allows to reveal the inner dialogicality of formally monological statements, to expose social positions and worldviews. The category in question unites hierarchically organized types: pragma-dialogue (first level), auto-dialogue and dialogue-game (second level) which find expression at the intra-textual, extra-textual and intertextual levels of meaning generation. The category of discursive dialogicality in the novel “Bleak House” by Ch. Dickens is a complex system of several types of dialogicality in which the reader’s personality is formed. The convergence of two conceptual areas in the recipient’s mind – artistic and legal – is carried out at the level of integration of linguistic markers of legal discourse and units of artistic text, cooperation of conventional and individual author’s techniques of artistic expression with elements of official business style. In fact, novel genre displays the category of dialogicality in all its diversity.

Based on research conducted by Croker (2019) and Herr (2020), in this article we present a proposed analysis of a discourse approach to the emergence and use of the term "cloud computing" and its derivative "saving in the cloud". The study is supported by three concepts covered by the epistemological field of French Discourse Analysis: 1) the will to truth (Foucault, 1999); 2) the interdiscourse (Maingueneau, 2008); and 3) the sociodiscursive imaginaries (Charaudeau, 2017). We proceeded to the discourse analysis of an advertising piece, a Brazilian TV news report about the emergence of cloud computing, and a cartoon focused on the same theme. The results show that the metaphor of the cloud as a place of lightness and superiority, referring to the idea of heaven and paradise, camouflages the reality of cloud computing as a private repository allocated in robust computer infrastructures that increasingly cause dependence and obtain information from users for use in various profitable actions for large technology companies in their virtual environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Fabula - LhT is the property of Fabula and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Methaodos: Social Science Journal / Methaodos: Revista de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Departamento de Ciencias de la Comunicacion y Sociologia, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article studies the interaction of business communication genre with other types of institutional discourse. Fragments of professional communication in mixed discourses where it is impossible to clarify the dominant genre by its parameters or its lexical and grammatical cliches selected from websites of various international and governmental organizations are the research material. Methods of descriptive, discourse and contextual analysis are implemented. The author identifies the reasons for the appearance of mixed genres in 20182023, these are traditional connection of economics and politics, COVID-19 and vital issues of environment and sustainable development on the international agenda. Depending on the revealed reasons the types of discourse which integrate in business communication most often are defined, these are political, ecological, medical and educational. Mixed forms of discourse are studied from the perspective of linguistic pragmatics. The author proves that in the course of modern tendencies to business communication deregulation the potential of discourse created as a result of integration is bigger because the speaker can use most efficient means of every included genre both from its core and its periphery. Pragmalinguistic effect of mixed discourses is formed either by common discourse markers that can give the necessary information at the same time serving as expressive means or by speech units and cliches that arrange discourse interaction.

The paper focuses on the interaction between two socially significant discourses – law discourse and literary discourse, forming a unique linguo-socio-cultural space – interdiscourse. This interdiscourse, the formation of which is associated with a specific historical-legal communicative situation – to transfer knowledge from a highly specialized, closed legal field to the public in order to solve some urgent social problems – is actualized in the artistic worldview in the novel on various levels of meaning generation. Unpredictable correlations in the text of a literary work emerging at the junction of two polar discourses, and requiring dynamic “switching” of the mindset – legal and creative, are suggested to be considered through the rhizome-model of event-driven narration. This structural matrix makes it possible to bring together two worldviews in the recipient’s mind, to trace discursive transformations and new meanings, to detect multiplicative effects arising during studying the series of events in the novel. The category of discursive eventfulness reflects significant changes in the historical-legal reality of England in the mid 19th century (in particular, in Chancery Court) and allows the researcher to evaluate the integrity of a literary work functioning on the borderline between two polar, but equally socially significant discourses. By combining separate fragments separated from one another in the textual space of the novel, the category of eventfulness facilitates the modeling of semantic connections of the “cause – effect” type. The identified types of the category of discursive eventfulness (event-emblem, event-node, event-retrospective, event-interference, event-accumulation) describe one macro-event – the crisis in the Chancery Court – from different points of view. Due to a wide range of literary descriptive means, Ch. Dickens manages not only to create a prototypical image of reality, but also to demonstrate his legal consciousness himself – to act as a “homo linguis”.

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Copyright of Aufklärung: Revista de Filosofia is the property of Aufklarung: Revista de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Theater is characterized by a plurimedial realization of the text via language, gestures, light, music, etc. and by its collective production and reception. The construction of reality and the generation of meaning are based on the co-presence of actors and spectators. In her play Estado vegetal, Manuela Infante engages with the thinking of the plant philosophers Michael Marder and Stefano Mancuso and uses theatrical means to explore plant intelligence and communication. The paper explores the questions of how theater communicates and transforms the plant-philosophical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In what way have recent literary texts responded to impulses that have emanated from the concept of "interdiscursivity"? Based on the thesis that impulses have emanated from this concept to literature itself, which have been reflected on a thematic as well as on a formal level, examples of a specific text form are presented: that of the alphabetic-lexicographic compendium of terms and keywords. Referring to the concept of literary interdiscursivity, the article shows how and from which motives knowledge-discursive forms of representation are unfolded in lexicographic-literary texts -- also and especially with a view to individual expressions of knowledge as well as to margins and boundaries of knowledge. Here, lexicography becomes an occasion to undermine the boundary between the factual and the imaginary (Jorge Luis Borges), to deal with theoretical discourses as with a pharmaceutical construction kit (Jochen Hörisch), to look at encyclopedic knowledge from its margins (Christine Blättler -- Erik Porath Margins of the Encyclopedia) and to sketch imaginary philosophical discourses (Andreas Urs Sommer). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tábano is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir alguns aspectos dialógicos e interdiscursivos percebidos em textos publicados como resposta ao discurso proferido pelo Ministro do Meio Ambiente Ricardo Salles, em 22 de abril de 2020. Para tanto, optamos pela abordagem qualitativa, à luz do paradigma de Análise do Discurso. Considerando o grande número de publicações de gêneros variados, resultantes da grande polêmica gerada pelo referido discurso, selecionamos três textos dos gêneros Nota de Posicionamento, Anúncio e Charge, visando exemplificar esta diversidade. Nossa discussão possui como base teórica os conceitos de Subjetividade, Dialogismo, Polifonia, Interdiscurso e Heterogeneidade (AUTHIER-REVUZ, 2004, 2011; BAKHTIN, 1990, 2003; BRANDÃO, 2015; ORLANDI, 2003). Uma vez que dois dos textos escolhidos para este corpus consistem em textos multimodais, também nos apoiamos nas noções de Multimodalidade e Retórica (Almeida, 2016, 2019; Tseronis; Forceville, 2017). Como resultado deste trabalho, foi possível, observar alguns aspectos do processo dialógico entre os textos selecionados e o discurso-fonte, assim como o papel do interdiscurso e da memória discursiva no processo interacional. Ademais, tendo em vista o caráter multimodal dos gêneros Charge e Anúncio, assim como a própria natureza metafórica, neste contexto, da expressão “passar a boiada”, recorremos ao debate de alguns mecanismos retóricos e argumentativos, a exemplo da heterogeneidade mostrada, do texto idiomático figurativo à luz da teoria da metáfora conceitual. Palavras-chave: dialogismo; interdiscurso; heterogeneidade; multimodalidade; metáfora multimodal. Abstract: This article aims to discuss some dialogical and interdiscursive aspects perceived in texts published in response to the speech given by The Minister of the Environment Ricardo Salles, on April 22, 2020. Therefore, we opted for the qualitative approach, in the light of the Discourse Analysis paradigm. Considering the large number of publications of various genres, resulting from the great controversy generated by the Minister’s discourse, we chose three texts of the genres Note of Positioning, Advertisement and Charge, with the objective of exemplifying this diversity. Our theoretical basis relies on the concepts of Subjectivity, Dialogism, Polyphony, Interdiscourse and Heterogeneity (AUTHIER-REVUZ, 2004, 2011; BAKHTIN, 1990, 2003; BRANDÃO, 2015; ORLANDI, 2003). Since two of the texts selected for this corpus consist of multimodal texts, we also take into considerations some issues concerning Multimodality and Rhetoric (ALMEIDA, 2016, 2019; Tseronis & Forceville, 2017). As a result of this work, it was possible to observe some aspects of the dialogical process among the selected texts and the source discourse, as well as the role of interdiscourse and discursive memory in the interactional process. Moreover, in view of the multimodal character of the genres Charge and Advertisement, as well as the metaphorical nature, in this context, of the expression “passar a boiada”, we resort to the debate of some rhetorical and argumentative mechanisms pertaining to heterogeneity, the figurative idiomatic text in the light of conceptual metaphor. Keywords: dialogism; interdiscourse; heterogeneity; multimodality; multimodal metaphor.

This article examines the way the Brazilian President J. Bolsonaro reinforces his legitimacy and builds his authority in a populist discourse of a polemical type, gratifying for himself while attacking his adversaries. To do so, he tries to justify his refusal of health measures and at the same time to reinforce his ethos as a strong leader and a Savior, in two major national speeches as well as in his reactions to the attacks. The argumentative analysis shows how his efforts collided with and responded to a counter-discourse that developed into a public controversy. The reception of his speech shows the attacks against his person and his discourse which he must confront to restore his legitimacy and rebuild his authority.

The article examines in their context the discursive strategies used by the Italian Prime Minister (PM) Giuseppe Conte in his first speeches on Covid-19 to discursively build his legitimacy and his authority, while shedding light on the interdependence of the two concepts. A study of media interdiscourse reveals the constitutive character of the dialogical relationship between the speeches of the PM and the reactions in the press. The analysis shows that Conte’s strategies for constructing legitimacy and authority evolve together in response to the counter-discourse of the media.

The article examines in their context the discursive strategies used by the Italian Prime Minister (PM) Giuseppe Conte in his first speeches on Covid-19 to discursively build his legitimacy and his authority, while shedding light on the interdependence of the two concepts. A study of media interdiscourse reveals the constitutive character of the dialogical relationship between the speeches of the PM and the reactions in the press. The analysis shows that Conte's strategies for constructing legitimacy and authority evolve together in response to the counter-discourse of the media.

This article examines the way the Brazilian President J. Bolsonaro reinforces his legitimacy and builds his authority in a populist discourse of a polemical type, gratifying for himself while attacking his adversaries. To do so, he tries to justify his refusal of health measures and at the same time to reinforce his ethos as a strong leader and a Savior, in two major national speeches as well as in his reactions to the attacks. The argumentative analysis shows how his efforts collided with and responded to a counter-discourse that developed into a public controversy. The reception of his speech shows the attacks against his person and his discourse, which he must confront to restore his legitimacy and rebuild his authority.

This study proposes the description and interpretation of the conflicting relationships between the discourses of traditional fishermen and government representatives in the social reorganization of fishing in the Brazilian Marine Extractive Reserves (RESEX) Caeté-Taperaçu (PA) and Araí-Peroba (PA). Based on the postulates of Michel Foucault (1996, 2012, 2013) and Dominique Maingueneau (2005, 2008, 2015), it reflects on governmentality strategies and tactics of the subjects who work in the traditional fishing activity in territories that are now governed population control devices, as well as forms of resistance to these devices. In analyzing the text of Law 9,985/2000 and fishermen's narratives, the intersections between knowledge and power related to the management of financial resources and the dispute for political representation around this management are discussed. It is understood that the forms of this management constitute a kind of exchange of contemporaneity, because the goods and promotions offered have in return the control of the population of the UC, based on the political economy of the State that exercises power in the triangle of discipline, sovereignty and government management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to discuss some dialogical and interdiscursive aspects perceived in texts published in response to the speech given by The Minister of the Environment Ricardo Salles, on April 22, 2020. Therefore, we opted for the qualitative approach, in the light of the Discourse Analysis paradigm. Considering the large number of publications of various genres, resulting from the great controversy generated by the Minister's discourse, we chose three texts of the genres Note of Positioning, Advertisement and Charge, with the objective of exemplifying this diversity. Our theoretical basis relies on the concepts of Subjectivity, Dialogism, Polyphony, Interdiscourse and Heterogeneity (AUTHIER-REVUZ, 2004, 2011; BAKHTIN, 1990, 2003; BRANDÃO, 2015; ORLANDI, 2003). Since two of the texts selected for this corpus consist of multimodal texts, we also take into considerations some issues concerning Multimodality and Rhetoric (ALMEIDA, 2016, 2019; Tseronis & Forceville, 2017). As a result of this work, it was possible to observe some aspects of the dialogical process among the selected texts and the source discourse, as well as the role of interdiscourse and discursive memory in the interactional process. Moreover, in view of the multimodal character of the genres Charge and Advertisement, as well as the metaphorical nature, in this context, of the expression "passar a boiada", we resort to the debate of some rhetorical and argumentative mechanisms pertaining to heterogeneity, the figurative idiomatic text in the light of conceptual metaphor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of MATRIZes is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Programa de Pos Graduacao em Ciencias da Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Рассматривается вопрос репрезентации категории интердискурсивности в научном медицинском дискурсе. Разграничены понятия «интертекстуальность» и «интердискурсивность», представлены параметры их разграничения. В случае интертекстуальности сигналами являются языковые единицы, определяющие связь между текстами, в случае интердискурсивности указанием служат элементы концептуального и языкового плана дискурса. Описано взаимодействие интертекстуальности и интердискурсивности в научном медицинском дискурсе. Интертекстуальность зависит от интердискурсивности и маркирует ее с помощью различных языковых средств. В научном медицинском дискурсе интердискурсивные связи представлены маркированной и немаркированной формами. Приведены примеры реализации интердискурсивных связей в медицинском дискурсе. Сделан вывод о том, что интердискурсивность в научном медицинском тексте – явление когнитивно-дискурсивное по своей природе. Когнитивная сторона интердискурсивности проявляется в возможности развития и организации медицинского знания, дискурсивная – связана с представлением информации в тексте, позволяющим учитывать ранее накопленные знания и опыт.

In this work, based on the theoretical assumptions of the Semantics of the Event (GUIMARÃES, 2005, 2017, 2018) and Discourse Analysis (ORLANDI, 1983, 2007, 2013; PÊCHEUX, 2014, 2015), an analytical gesture is presented about the discursive functioning of the word clown producing a pejorative meaning effect in the interlocution between one of the councilors and the mayor of Americana (SP), who discussed heatedly during a public hearing at the City Council. The role of interdiscursivity in the metaphorization of clown among diverse discursive formations is described and the designation of that word is analyzed using as a material the transcription of the dispute between the politicians. These gestures allow us to understand how the form clown is rewritten by other forms that are integrated into the analyzed text, guiding the argumentation of the statement “You are a clown, really” in the direction of its interpretation as an insult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Farol - Revista de Estudos Organizacionais e Sociedade is the property of Farol - Revista de Estudos Organizacionais e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mission of the UK Ministry of Justice is to assist citizens with “making sense of justice,” the law and their rights (http://open.justice.gov.uk/). Its website can thus be seen as a seat for asymmetric mediation of knowledge in the legal field (Engberg and Luttermann 2014), intended to deliver good value both to lay users and institution: fast and satisfactory online responses to citizens’ qdfgdfueries are handy for the citizens and reinforce their willingness to give credibility to Ministry and the government as the principal organization and institution behind the website (Petitat 1998; 2004; Marková, Linell and Gillespie 2008). In this context, we carry out a qualitative study into knowledge representation (Kastberg 2010; Ditlevsen 2011) on the Your rights and the law pages of the UK government (https://www.gov.uk/browse/justice/rights) in order to discuss whether and to what extent citizens have quick and easy access to the information they are looking for – or basic support with the knowledge and documentation that they need to behave prosocially and responsibly. To this purpose, we integrate notions from research on website usability, layout arrangements and visual organization of knowledge (Nielsen 1995, inter alios) with notions from research on interdiscursive and interlocutive dialogism (Bres 1985; Bres and Nowakowska 2005; Loffler-Laurian 1983; Jacobi 1987; Adam and Herman 2000).

This contribution examines the study of interdiscourses in visual discourse analysis. An expanded theory of interdiscursivity considers the integration, plausibility, and popularization of meanings, offering a perspective on ways of legitimating interventions and instructions or guidelines for action. Based on the reconstruction of meaning assignments, the expanded interdiscourse theory presented here opens up the possibility of tracing how power is exercised through the occupation of particular discourse positions, whether these are of a linguistic or of a pictorial/visual nature. With reference to poststructuralist theories, assignments of meaning are seen as inherently temporary and unstable. Whatever social reality is, it remains at least partially ambiguous and is determined anew in conflicts or tensions surrounding hegemonic negotiations. Visual discourse analysis thus focuses on the precarious nature of hegemony-building processes. How such adjustments of meaning through visualizations can be investigated within the framework of interdiscursive analysis is discussed using the example of the digitalization of body data via wearables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germany has become one of the countries that most hosted refugees from armed conflicts in the region of Syria. Chancellor Angela Merkel, with her policy of open borders, has been criticized, especially by the party Alternative For Germany (AFD) – represented by Frauke Petry, who made strong caveats to this practice and claimed that illegal immigrants should be stopped, with use of force if necessary. The analytical discursive corpus of this work consists of an announcement made by Merkel to the German people and an interview given by Petry. Its theoretical framework is based on the work sequence on discursive corpus proposed by Courtine (2009), which showed an overlap between law and politics in both speakers’ motivation for speech acts.

Resumo: Neste trabalho, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da Semântica do Acontecimento (GUIMARÃES, 2005, 2017, 2018) e da Análise de Discurso (ORLANDI, 1983, 2007, 2013; PÊCHEUX, 2014, 2015), apresenta-se um gesto de leitura sobre o funcionamento discursivo da palavra palhaço produzindo efeito de sentido pejorativo na interlocução entre um dos vereadores e o prefeito de Americana (SP), que discutiram de modo acalorado durante uma audiência pública na Câmara Municipal. Descreve-se o papel da interdiscursividade na metaforização de palhaço entre diversificadas formações discursivas e se analisa a designação dessa palavra tomando como material a transcrição da contenda entre os políticos. Esses gestos permitem compreender como a forma palhaço é reescriturada por outras integradas ao texto em questão, orientando a argumentação do enunciado “Você é um palhaço, mesmo” na direção de sua interpretação como insulto. Palavras-chave: palhaço; insulto; interdiscurso; memorável. Abstract: In this work, based on the theoretical assumptions of the Semantics of the Event (GUIMARÃES, 2005, 2017, 2018) and Discourse Analysis (ORLANDI, 1983, 2007, 2013; PÊCHEUX, 2014, 2015), an analytical gesture is presented about the discursive functioning of the word clown producing a pejorative meaning effect in the interlocution between one of the councilors and the mayor of Americana (SP), who discussed heatedly during a public hearing at the City Council. The role of interdiscursivity in the metaphorization of clown among diverse discursive formations is described and the designation of that word is analyzed using as a material the transcription of the dispute between the politicians. These gestures allow us to understand how the form clown is rewritten by other forms that are integrated into the analyzed text, guiding the argumentation of the statement “You are a clown, really” in the direction of its interpretation as an insult. Keywords: clown; insult; interdiscourse; memorable.

The article takes into consideration a novel integrated approach that combines cultural and psychological parts of human being with biological signs of the disease and health. The historical roots from GL Engel are sketched, and some thoughts provided on evaluation and scientific significance of the approach in research and clinical practice.

The relationship between the didactic-Scientific and the journalistic discourses in Recreio magazine - We start from the premise that interdiscourse builds Recreio’s magazine’s journalism for children. In a previous study we have identified six discursive genres present in Recreio: the promotional, the scientific, the didactic and the entertainment discourses, the one about the magazine itself, and the journalistic, considered as the primary discourse. By using notions from the French Discourse Analysis, we examine the scientific didactic discourse, particularly – in the union of these two notions – in its approximation with the journalistic discourse, with an analysis of a text as an example.

The paper analyzes, according to Sarfati’s (2011) proposals, various digital forms of writing of the contemporary socio-discursive space connected with the professional and participative journalism where the processing of news, objects of debates, giv es rise to original productions. On the same page, several inter-semiotic devices are explored based on polyphonic modalities which constitute a new opportunity to seize discourse properties. Any discourse is rooted in earlier, pre-constructed resources, but also in networks of memory developed through the inter-discursivity. The digital spaces could define a place of production of this inter-discursivity marked by particular characteristics which release, not in their linearity but the digital inter-textuality and the hypertextual interfaces, the textual clues for interpretation.

Our purpose is to analyse over three days how five French newspapers of different sensibilities handled the Strauss-Kahn affair, the arrest in New York of the director of the International Monetary Fund for sexual assault and rape. We observe the process of elaborating the media identity of Dominique Strauss-Kahn through the nomination strategies in the media discourse (considered as a discursive genre in the tradition of the French School of Discourse Analysis). We see how, in this accelerated moment of crisis, the written press mobilizes different strategies to change (or not) this identity of the politician into discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rhetor. Journal of the Canadian Society for the Study of Rhetoric is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Rhetoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subject of the analysis is the Russian Islamic discourse as a type of religious communication that takes place not only in mosques but also in modern mass media including the Internet. Websites, which content is somehow connected with Islam, have got some linguistic aspects to be described. One of them is interdiscoursivity determined by Islamic expansion in all aspects of life.

This paper deals with the way teachers of primary and secondary school take into account and reformulate the institutional concepts, principles and prescriptions of the didactic researches they had been in contact with during the time of their professional training. The research is based on two questionnaires and on semi-structured interviews of 19 teachers in three different school sectors (rural, urban and peri-urban) of the Loire Valley Region (France). The analysis of their declarations (Rastier 1987; Authier-Revuz 1995; Rabatel 2009) reveals that they massively appropriated the programs’ discourse through an agreement of points of view (accord de point de vue) presupposing a fusion of the enunciative instances. This leads to question the circulation of didactic discourses - the objectives of which, in opposition to the programs’ objectives – are neither unified, nor unifying.

The paper discusses concepts of ‘nature’ and ‘life’ as subjected to historical changes. The 21st century seems to be obsessed with ‘life’ and ‘nature’, which are reconfigured as objects of simulation practices and of a multitude of technoscientific enterprises as well as of political struggle. The historical influences and epistemological shifts of systems thinking are significant within two distinctive and interwoven fields: On the one hand the discourse of environmentalism with the paradigm of ecological crises, centered around ideas of resource management, sustainability, the general idea of an ‘endangered nature’ and the interconnectedness of global politics and individual actions. On the other hand the optimistic promises of artificial life, with synthetic biology and digital cyborg technologies as its avantgarde, which are very much driven by the idea of technoscientific mastery to surpass natures ‘weakness’ and by desires to improve ‘life’ and to even refashion ‘life itself’. On the field of historical ecology, concepts of systems thinking are traced back to the middle of the 19th century, where ecological thought emerged at the intersections of biology and geography. Meandering between vitalistic, holistic, and mechanistic concepts, between living and non-living elements, systems ecology finally substitutes ‘nature’, which in turn is re-established in its new ‘gestalt’ as computer simulated world model since the early 1970s. Resurrected as an interrelation of system variables at the level of global simulations ‘nature’ strikes as a zombie. As a second turning point of the rewriting of the matrix, of life we will discuss the advance of ‘games’ since the early 1970ies, with the example of ‘Game of life’ (‘Life’) as a significant landmark. When ‘life’ becomes ‘Life’, it is by computerized modeling in terms of dynamic processes. Computer games can be thought of as instances of the popularization of cybernetic system thinking, functioning as interdiscoursive fragments between the specialized discourse of system theories and the sphere of ‘common sense’ (Nohr 2008), where the specific “gaming situation” (Eskelinen 2001) foregrounds playful individual action and manipulation of system objects within a set of given rules or the manipulation of system rules itself on the level of the ‘code’. We will argue that both, the ecological discourse and the algorithmic model of self-reproduction of ‘Life’, are historically and systematically related manifestations and mediations of system theory. While they can be regarded as referring to different scales of application (macro-economic reasoning in the case of global eco-systems, modeling of bottom-up-complexity on a micro-level in the case of ‘Life’) and belonging to distinctive disciplines (economic and ecological research vs. mathematical theory of automata and artificial life studies), they share some common ground in being “algorithmic media” (Marks 2014) that are functional as “rhetorical software” (Doyle 1997) and as “allegorithms” (Galloway 2006) of the new compositions of the techno-biological and techno-ecological situation of the 21st century.

The attacks against Charlie Hebdo in Paris at the beginning of the year 2015 urged many cartoonists – most professionals but some laymen as well – to create cartoons as a reaction to this tragedy. The main goal of this article is to show how traumatic events like this one can converge in a rather limited set of metaphors, ranging from easily recognizable topoi to rather vague interdiscourses that circulate in contemporary societies. To do so, we analyzed 450 cartoons that were produced as a reaction to the Charlie Hebdo attacks, and took a quali-quantitative approach that draws both on discourse analysis and semiotics. In this paper, we identified eight main themes and we analyzed the five ones which are anchored in collective imagination (the pen against the sword, the journalist as a modern hero, etc.). Then, we studied the cartoons at figurative, narrative and thematic levels thanks to Greimas’ model of the semiotic square. This paper shows the ways in which these cartoons build upon a memory-based network of events from the recent past (particularly 9/11), and more generally on a collective imagination which can be linked to Western values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Although originally based on a homogeneous perspective of language and, consequently, of the utterance and subjects – the discursive studies have developed toward the recognition of a discourse founding heterogeneity, which is able to support concepts such as dialogism, polyphony and interdiscursivity. This article intends to present this evolution through a brief theoretical retrospective, that covers the Speech Acts by Austin, as well as the constitutive heterogeneity of Authier- Revuz, the dialogism of Bakhtin and also through the polyphony of Oswald Ducrot. Derived from this turning point of the discursive studies, these concepts are considered by means of a wider reflection, which understands the institution of the heterogeneous discourse as its foundation.