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Saccular cyst is a rare lesion of larynx causing respiratory obstruction and stridor in neonates and infants. Herein we present a case of a 4 year old who presented to us with intermittent respiratory distress and stridor. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy showed the presence of saccular cyst overhanging the anterior part of right vocal cord. Endoscopic marsupialization of cyst is done using laryngeal microdebrider with stripping of cyst lining. Saccular cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with intermittent stridor.

We report two familial cases of 22q11.2 duplication detected using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In the first case, eight individuals from a three-generation family were found to carry a 3-Mb 22q11.2 duplication. The individuals carrying the duplication show phenotypic variation. This phenotypic variation includes heart defect (1 in 8 individuals, 1/8), submucous cleft palate (2/8), intellectual disability (2/8), speech delay (2/8), behaviour problems (3/8) and brachydactyly (3/8). In the second case, a 1.5-Mb 22q11.2 duplication was detected in a neonate and her normal mother. The neonate presented with severe laryngomalacia causing intermittent stridor. Cranial ultrasound showed small subependymal cysts bilaterally. There was no heart defect or cleft palate, her chest X ray and renal ultrasound were normal. Review at 2 months of age revealed normal growth and development. Our findings broaden the understanding of 22q11.2 duplication syndrome and demonstrate that MLPA is sensitive for detection and sizing of 22q11.2 microduplications.

We describe an adult patient who had stridor and dyspnea as initial symptoms of a thyroglossal duct cyst. Spirometry and noninvasive imaging techniques have been useful for diagnosis of this condition.

Spasmodic dysphonia is a focal laryngeal dystonia. Laryngeal dystonia presents as: adductor spasmodic dysphonia with the characteristic strain-strangle voice; abductor spasmodic dysphonia with hypophonia and breathy breaks in connected speech; and adductor respiratory dystonia with paradoxical vocal fold motion and intermittent stridor. Current treatment with periodic laryngeal intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A has allowed patients to function more normally. In this article, the authors' treatment paradigm and experience in treating over 900 patients with laryngeal dystonia are discussed.

Objective: The discovery of propanolol for treatment of hemangiomas is a breakthrough, as current modalities are hampered by unpredictable outcomes and complications. Currently, there is a lack of long-term data. We aim to contribute with our series of 3 patients with subglottic hemangiomas causing airway compromise, treated successfully with propanolol.Method: A detailed retrospective review of 3 patients who had received oral propanolol for the treatment of their subglottic hemangiomas was conducted based on the patients’ records. We documented their clinical history, degree of airway compromise, and duration of treatment and outcome with oral propanolol.Results: Patient 1 was a 23-day-old girl who had a 1-week history of stridor complicated by spontaneous rib fractures. Patient 2 was a 3-month-old girl who had a 1-month history of stridor associated with a beard distribution of cutaneous hemangiomas. Patient 3 was a 2-month-old girl who had intermittent stridor from third week of birth. All children re...

A 3-month-old boy with a history of intermittent stridor was found to have obstructive emphysema on chest x-ray. Further investigations found a mediastinal mass compressing the carina and left mainstem bronchus. The mass was excised and found to be of tuberculous origin.

Gastric choristoma (GC) is a relatively common congenital condition characterized by the presence of heterotopic gastric tissue outside the bounds of the gastric cavity. Although GCs may occur anywhere along the alimentary tract, they rarely occur in the hypopharynx. Hypopharyngeal GCs often declare themselves clinically during the neonatal period with life-threatening obstructive respiratory symptoms and/or feeding difficulty. We present a case of GC of the posterior pharyngeal wall manifesting as progressive dysphagia with failure to thrive and intermittent stridor.

We describe a patient considered to have intermittent stridor or wheezing, or both, which had been diagnosed as asthma. She received treatment, including corticosteroids, for almost 2 years. Endoscopic and spirometric studies permitted us to exclude potential organic causes and to comprehend better the mechanism involved in airway abnormalities of psychologic origin

We present a case of an 82-year-old lady with recurrent swelling and a history of intermittent stridor who subsequetly developed a contusion over her lower neck and upper chest. The patient collapsed on her way to have to have a CT scan and died 24 hours later of a leaking aortic aneurysen. At initial presentation the complete resolution of poorly localizing symptoms and signs almost allowed her discharge from hospital.

In this report we describe a 3-year-old patient who had hypocalcemia caused by pseudohypoparathyroidism and who had intermittent inspiratory stridor, retractions, and dyspnea. We propose that the symptoms were intermittent because he periodically hyperventilated. This hyperventilation induced transient drops of his already low serum calcium level and caused laryngismus. We review the mechanisms by which hypocalcemia causes laryngeal tetany

Results Case #1 E.M. was born with MMC, closed the day of birth. Discharged home from the NICU at 13 days of life with stable mild ventriculomegaly. Parents reported intermittent stridor starting at about 2-1/2 months of age and increasing in frequency and severity. After about 6 weeks, was evaluated by ENT and found to have vocal cord paresis. Referred to neurosurgery and had VP shunt placement followed one week later by Chiari decompression.