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The Bacau region, known for the diversity of its agricultural landscapes, is essential for vegetable production in Romania. Among the many factors influencing vegetable cultivation, insects contribute significantly to crop health and yield, especially those in the Pentatomidae family. This study investigates the role of Pentatomidae insects in vegetable agroecosystems from the Bacau region. Through systematic field surveys and data analysis conducted during 2021, 2022 and 2023, we examine the population dynamics, species composition, and behavioral patterns of Pentatomidae insects. The study aims to elucidate their impact on vegetable crops, including potential damage, feeding habits, and ecological interactions. In addition, we explore the implications of these findings for sustainable pest management strategies in vegetable agriculture in Bacau. This study increases knowledge about Pentatomidae insects and provides practical guidance for local farmers and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the shift to forwardlooking biological methods of pest control to address environmental concerns arising from chemical use. Biological control relies on the balance of species interactions, which can be disrupted by agrotechnical practices or excess chemicals. Pheromones and hormones regulate insect behaviour without toxic effects, contributing to selectivity. Biological control research includes various strategies such as faunal composition studies and pheromone traps targeting specific pests. Pheromone traps, which use speciesspecific compounds, effectively reduce insect populations while maintaining ecological balance. Recognising pest flight patterns helps both biological and non-biological strategies for optimal interventions. This study evaluates the efficacy of pheromone traps for Cydia pomonella L. through mass male reception, revealing correlations between flight frequency and temperature. Inclement weather delayed pest flight in 2023, while pheromone control substantially reduced attacks, maintaining crop health. This research highlights the success of pheromone traps as a sustainable pest management tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salicylic acid is a stress-signal molecule that is involved in the modulation of growth and development of plants. There is evidence that this stress-signal molecule has a positive impact on the antioxidant defence system, but few studies have been done on determining the most effective concentration and its impact on the growth and development of cabbage plants cultivated in vitro. In the present experiment, we assessed the impact of three different concentrations of salicylic acid (1 mM, 0.5 mM and 0.1 mM) on seed germination indexes, shoot initiation and proliferation, root development, as well as physiologic traits (phenolic and chlorophyll content). It has been found that a concentration of 1mM SA inhibited both seed germination and shoot development, which is probably related with suppression of GA-mediated pathway. Instead, the addition of 0.1 mM SA stimulated shoot proliferation rate, shortened the time for shoot initiation and increased shoot and root elongation. Our results provide the foundation for further studies related to the plant's agronomic performances when cultivated in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is a prevalent vegetable crop cultivated for its nutritious leaves, which have a variety of culinary and medicinal use. As a consequence, vegetables such as cabbage are extremely popular among consumer demands. Constraints in the seed production chain highlight the significance of seed germination and crop's growth at the farm level. The production of high-quality seeds is a crucial step in this crop's cultivation since it impacts the success of germination and plant growth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of plant density and seedling planting dates on cabbage seed process performance. This research is a component of a larger project aimed to devise a comprehensive and new modernized strategy for cabbage seed production. The experiment was carried out on 'Silviana' autumn cabbage variety during two growing seasons, a field trial was undertaken to assess three plant densities (low, medium and high) and three seedling planting dates (early, mid-season and late). Cabbage seeds were also subjected to a range of seed viability and vigour tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cole crop vegetables (Brassica oleracea L.) are cool-season crops that include broccoli (B. oleracea Italica), cauliflower (B. oleracea Botrytis), and cabbage (B. oleracea Capitata). Brassica oleracea, convar. botrytis, var Italica, Fam. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), is grown for its dark green inflorescences. Its English name derives from the Italian “brocco” and the Latin “bracchium”, which means arm or branch (Boswell, cited by Singh et al., 2004). Biotechnology is part of the broader field of genetic mapping, analysis and research called genomics. In contrast to earlier methods of plant breeding, the new techniques allowed a much wider set of traits to be introduced into plants, in a much shorter period of time. These included resistance to herbicides, pest resistance, cold and drought tolerance, tolerance to salt in soils, enhanced nutrition and vitamin content and many other traits. Brassica biotechnology includes organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, microspore culture and doubled haploids, somatic cell fusion, molecular markers for genetic fidelity of in vitro-grown plants, marker-assisted selection, and transformation. In the present mini-review we outline the main achievements presented by the literature on the main and more often employed techniques used as tools for amplifying classic breeding results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this review, potential strategies for minimizing pest and disease challenges associated with Brassica crops are explored and discussed. Through a systematic literature review, we analyze the different methods and approaches used for pest and disease management. Key findings highlight promising approaches to sustainable pest management, including the use of biological control agents and environmentally friendly insecticides. We also discuss the importance of crop rotation, variety selection, and integrated pest management practices in reducing the impact of pests and diseases on Brassica. It was concluded that the future perspectives are critical to their long-term health and productivity. This review provides valuable insights for researchers, farmers, and government agencies seeking innovative approaches to improve pest and disease management in Brassica crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study was accomplished in lab conditions at Vegetables Research and Development Station Bacău, aiming to determine the impact of foliar treatment with salicylic acid (SA) over the ability of plants to overcame the water stress. The pot experiment used a randomized block design with four replications and ten plants per variant. Leaves from well-developed plants (30 days old seedlings) were sprayed with 1 mM SA solution until both sides were completely moistened. After treatment application, water regime followed as one set was used as a well-water treatment (WW) and the other set as a drought stress treatment (DS) where the plants were restricted watering for the next 10 days. Results showed that tomato plants treated with salicylic acid and exposed to water stress become more tolerant to drought stress induced oxidative damage than those not treated, the values were comparable to those recorded in WW plants. The extent of water stress injury was higher at non-treated DS plants. The results obtained showed that foliar application of SA stimulated the adaptation of plants, improving water-plant relation, allowing to alleviate the oxidative damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bean maize intercropping is an old cultivation scheme practiced at small scale by traditional farmers in Romania. Literature highlights the benefits of intercropping and the constrains related extension of this practice on largest areas. Studies on interspecific interactions have paramount importance in view of development of feasible approaches of environmentally friendly cultivation practices and for genetic improvement specific for performance in intercropping. Five climbing bean varieties were evaluated in sole cropping and in intercropping with one type of sweet maize cultivar. Sowing was successively caried out in an interval of 30 days, bean following maize. The performance of bean genotypes in each cropping system was assessed by phenotyping, of different traits. The results show a significant bean genotype x cropping system interaction for flowering and for seed yield. The most competitive bean varieties were taller, more vigorous, and late to maturity. Diversification of cultural systems by implementing bean maize intercropping seems to be an effective strategy in pest management, and further research will provide a basis for incorporating practical pest control schemes into intercropping systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouses are now one of the most effective industries in agricultural structure, used to preserve a monitored environment suitable for crop management throughout the year. The demand for tomato products is increasing year after year, providing ample opportunities for the tomato market to grow. The variety of tomato genotypes provides a gene pool for future breeding, because they may contain traits useful for the development of new varieties and hybrids with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of five indeterminate genotypes of tomato to determine their performance under greenhouse conditions. The research was conducted utilizing biological material from the Vegetable Research and Development Station in Bacau. The data collected were: number of days till appearance of the first flowers, number of days till first fruit development, date of first harvest, as well as the outer color of the immature and ripe fruit. The results of investigations on phenotype characteristics such as fruit weight, height, diameter, dry matter content, TSS, water, minerals, and titratable acidity are discussed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The avifauna of Roman has been relatively little studied, with most observations limited to the preparation of annual reports on the sedentary and passage birds on the hunting grounds managed by the Association of Hunters and Sport Fishermen (A.V.P.S.) Roman. Photographs that have been shared on various social media platforms by nature lovers, amateur and professional photographers also constitute other observations. During the early part of 2022, we made a survey of the avifauna in Roman park. Field observations took place every week for three months (January-March). During this time period, 19 bird species belonging to four orders and ten families were identified and recorded in the park. In Roman, the municipal park is especially important to sedentary birds, especially in the cold season when they are in search of food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

White cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is a biennial species. The culture intended for seed production is realized in the fall. Insect pest attack is a key factor contributing to low seed yield. Data show that, several arthropos were found to attack cabbage crops and have been identified as belonging to five orders. The most numerous order was represented by the order Coleoptera with 34% of the collected specimens followed by the orders Araneae and Hemiptera, each with 22% and the orders Hymenoptera and Trombidiformes with 11% each. This paper presents the arthropod fauna of the seed cabbage crop during the growing season in the climatic conditions of the Bacau area, focusing on the pest species of this crop. Pests affecting seed cabbages at Vegetable Research and Development Station from Bacau include: rape beetle - Meligethes aeneus (Fabricius, 1775), Cabbage stem weevil - Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham, 1802), Cabbage seed pod weevil - Ceutorhynchus assimilis (Paykull, 1800), Cabbage aphid - Brevicoryne brassicae (Linné, 1758). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a review of the literature in recent years that focuses on the the most relevant pest and disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Chickpea is a remarkable legume crop and has become an integral part of a sustainable production system. Chickpea cultivation plays a pivotal role in innovative sustainable models of agro-ecosystems inserted in crop rotation for soil improvement and the reduction of chemical inputs. Damage by insect pests and disease-causing pathogens are considered as the most significant factors leading to low yield in chickpea. Being rich in protein, chickpea plant is vulnerable to a number of insect pests, which attack on roots, foliage and pods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a review of the literature in recent years that focuses on the determination of the main pests in the cucurbitaceous cultures in the world and Romania. Following the investigation, the distribution of pests according to the frequency of appearance showed the presence of 63 world species belonging to eight orders (Acari, Choleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera. Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera and Thysanoptera). In Romania, there have been described in the literature, in recent years, 7 major pests of cucurbitaceous crops that are part of 5 orders (Acars, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Colestera and Diptera). The use of predators, parasites, pathogens in the biological control of cucumbers is a challenge, but there are also many successful examples of biological control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A species of fruit flies in the genus Euleia, family Tephritidae was found in lovage culture at the Vegetable Research and Development Station Bacau (VRDS Bacau). The species of fly was Euleia heraclei (Linnaeus, 1758). Called celery fly, this insect is considered harmful because the larvae are mining inside and destroying the leaves of celery, lovage, carrot, parsnip, etc. The attacks, usually, start in May, this is the first generation, but scientific studies report that the secondgeneration of larvae is more destructive. At VRDS Bacău, this insect was identified on the lovage leaves in the spring of 2021, the frequency (F%) was 96% and the degree of attack (GA%) was 3.92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to present the use of new fertilization technologies in agricultural crops in Romania. At the same time, the paper presents the results obtained after testing these new fertilizer products (ecological fertilizers based on bacterial cultures) in parallel with the fertilization of crops with chemical fertilizers. These researches were carried out in two prestigious research institutions, the first being the Suceava Research-Development Station for Agriculture and the second being the Buzau Research-Development Station for Vegetable Culture. Within the two research institutions were established the crops to which both chemical and biological fertilizers were applied, during the experiments analyzing a series of biological parameters of the plant, soil and agricultural production. Following the completion of the experiments, it was observed that the physiology and anatomy of the plants showed changes as well as the production of the crops themselves, the yields showing an increase of up to 57% (in lots fertilized with organic fertilizer, compared to lots that were fertilized with a chemical fertilizer). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that in every agrobiocenosis, there are a number of pest species, called key pests due to their considerable ability to multiply, making frequent chemical treatments necessary. In addition to these key pests, vegetable crops also have secondary pests (which can cause damage in certain years and in some areas), potential pests (which do not cause significant damage but can become significant due to improper application of control methods) and migratory species from other crops but which may cause damage to vegetables. In order to establish the most appropriate measures to prevent infections and combat diseases and pests from vegetable cultures a screening of plant pests and diseases in vegetable crops from VRDS Bacau was accomplished. A special importance was given to determine the causes that lead to diseases and the appearance of pests to cultivated plants. Pest identification and the establishment of the complex of harmful species in a given culture serve to make reconnaissance maps in any software, as well as to determine pest species, parasites and predators, with important implications for an innovative technical system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Solanaceae family comprises species present on all continents except Antarctica. They are species with different biological cycle durations and adapted to a wide range of environments. Vegetables of the Solanaceae family are not only important for human nutrition, some species are grown for ornamental purposes but also pharmaceutical purposes. Pest species cause significant losses, and many are vectors of disease. Today, many scientists focus on developing new tools to control pest populations, with promising results of use in plant protection. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative increase in the production of vegetables from the Solanaceae family is not only dependent on environmental factors, an important role is also played by pest prevention and control activities. This is why the objective of this paper was to identify, based on the publications available in the scientific databases of the last ten years, pests from solanaceous vegetable crops from Romania and to list the most important and effective methods of biological control that can be used by producers as more sustainable forms of pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve high horticultural productivity, it is known that an optimal supply of irrigation water is required. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) has been classified as an intermediate sensitive to water stress. Also, the development of plants under drought stress can have effects on quality and productivity, so it is necessary to use water efficiently when it comes to cabbage crops. Also, many studies show that the early effects of stress against plants can be compensated by an optimal supply of water in the growth stages. This review paper collected the latest information from the literature on cabbage water requirements, listing the most effective irrigation methods that lead to water efficiency in crops and irrigation programming to have the best cabbage production in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the experimental fieldon the autumn cabbage, Silviana variety of Vegetable Research and Development Station Bacău, four Lepidoptera species have been identified as major pests (Mamestra brassicae, Discestra trifolii, Pieris brassicae and Plutella xylostella) in 2019. Were collected biologic material represented by clutchs of eggs. In the laboratory, daily observations were made,to see the degree of parasitic attack. The highest density of parasitic Hymenopterawas recorded by T. evanescence at all M. brassicaeeggs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to highlight the value of laboratory investigations in various pleurisy by exploring the pleural fluid on the three levels (biochemical, bacteriological and cytological), correlating it with the clinical and imaging aspect to establish the etiology of pleurisy. The researches were performed in the Clinical Laboratory within the Bacău Pneumoftiziology Hospital between March and May 2020. To study the characteristics of pleural fluids, a number of 56 subjects diagnosed with pleurisy of different etiologies were analyzed. Laboratory tests were performed on pleural fluid obtained by pleural puncture. The patients investigated were grouped by sex, according to background and age groups. The investigation of pleural fluids on the three levels (biochemical, cytological and bacteriological), correlated with clinical manifestations and radiological aspects led to the diagnosis of patients with the following types of pleurisy: tuberculous pleurisy, parapneumonic, neoplastic, eosinophils and pleurisy due to other causes. In all types of pleurisy, male patients have the highest number of cases. All neoplastic pleurisy was recorded in age group III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiments were carried out at the Vegetable Research - Development Station Bacau in open field crops for seeds: bean, parsley, beetroot, celery, lovage, tomato, pepper, eggplant for control of aphids attack. The degree attack (DA%) of black bean aphid was high on the bean - 24.6 %, followed by seed plants of beetroot 11% , parsley - 7%, lovage - 4.2%, celery - 3.5%. Green peach aphid had the biggest attack on the pepper 14.2%, followed at the eggplant - 7.4%, tomato - 5.6% and bean 0.1%. Green potato aphid had a smaller DA% on: tomato - 2.5%, pepper - 1.4%, eggplant - 0.2%. Potato aphid had a smaller DA% in: tomato - 1.8 %, pepper - 0.9%, eggplant - 0.1%. Cabbage aphid attack only cabbage plant of seeds, DA% being 5.9 %. The efficiency of products studied for the control of black bean aphid attack had very good efficiency. So Teppeki - 0.14 kg/ha, had the best efficiency - 99.5%, followed by Mospilan - 0.15 kg/ha - 99.1%, Konflic - 0.3% - 98.4 and Neemes - 025 % - 94.3%. The efficiency of products studied for the control of green peach aphid attack was very good in all variant being over 90% All products had very good efficiency in control of green potato aphid, over 93%. In condition of low attack of potato aphid which did not exceeded 1.8% DA, all variants had over 93%. The efficiency of products in control of aphids at plant cabbage for seeds was very good: Konflic - 0.3% - 99.0 %, Neemes - 0.25 % - 94.2 %, Teppeki - 0.14 kg/ha - 99.6%, Mospilan - 0.15 kg/ha - 99.4% [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over a period of 2 years, between 2017-2019, a study of erythrocyte parameters was performed in 34 patients with megaloblastic anemia. The complete hemoleukogram accompanied by the peripheral blood smear was used as working methods for the study of erythrocyte parameters. Peripheral blood smear investigations Mean erythrocyte volume (VEM) and mean erythrocyte hemoglobin (HEM) are the most pathologically altered erythrocyte indices. The average erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (CHEM) is an index within relatively normal limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to implement and understand the mechanisms by which cervical lesions intervene in the pathogenesis of lesions precursor to neoplasia, as well as knowledge of their cytological investigation methods. The study is channeled towards a complete evaluation of the complex diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesions, based on classical methods of investigation that include the Babeș-Papanicolaou cytological examination. The cervix can be easily examined cytologically. The use of this method of investigation leads to the discovery of the disease in the early stages, 100% curable (Koss, 1989). The observations were made on cervicovaginal smears. The vaginal secretion product was collected from 282 patients examined in the obstetrics-gynecology office "Clinic Center Hera" Bacau, for one year, March 2019 - March 2020. The samples were processed and clinically examined in the Medlife laboratory, Bacau . The working method used was Papanicolau in liquid medium, May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining, Papanicolau classification. Following the study, 73.85% of patients were identified with PN I and II smears, 8.83% were patients with PN III smears and 6.36% were patients with PN IV. Most cytological changes in the cervix occur in sexually active women over the age of 35. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metal soil pollution is an important global environmental problem for many ecosystems. Romania is a country rich in mineral resources and has a long history in the field of mineral exploitation. Thus, the pollution with heavy metals of agricultural soils is a major environmental problem that can affect food quality and human health. Heavy metal contamination of vegetables is a problem that can lead to toxicity and disease in humans and animals due to their nutritional importance. The high level of soil contamination with heavy metals is dangerous because vegetables absorb and accumulate metallic elements in different tissues. In Romania, there are different sources of heavy metals contamination, especially from anthropogenic activities. The study's results from the last ten years show that both, the soil and the vegetables are affected by this type of pollution. Vegetables grown for consumption in Romania are sometimes contaminated with heavy metals, and this is associated with health problems that occur in the communities from those areas. This paper reviews the soil contents in heavy metals from three regions of Romania (Crişana, Transylvania, and Moldova). Therefore, the consumption of vegetables in areas affected by heavy metal pollution should be limited, and it is also necessary to regularly monitor areas where heavy metal pollution problems are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill) is an important member of the Solanaceaefamily due to its spread cultivation worldwide. The tomato is a diploid plant with 2n=2x=24 chromosomes. The tomato genome has been implemented to be used as a model for theSolanaceae family because of its short production period, simple diploid genetic structure, small genome size and the availability of both molecular breeding methodologiesand a wide diversity of genetic resources. Due to its high food value the consumers request and the producers interesates is continuously increasing. In the same time, tomatoes production is affected by different types of stresses by both biotic and abiotic stress. Among biotic stress tomatoes are affected by intensive diseases caused by viruses, fungi, bacteria and also nematodes. The abiotic stresses, namely environmental stresses pose a tremendous pressure on the growth and production of crops [9]. Among them, the most agressive one are salinity of soil, high temperature and draught. Its vulnerability to insect and pest attacks is one of the factor causing the expand of production costs. Nowa- days the climatic changes dramatically increase the impact of all these biotic and abiotic stresses over the effectiveness of tomatoes production, which led to an intensification of plant molecular and in vitro breeding focused on the improvement ofstress tolerance of crops. The objective of this study was to asses the impact of salt stress over the citogenetics of tomatoes plants cultivated in vitro on media suplimented with different concentration of NaCland KCl(100, 200, 300 mM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiments were carried out at the Vegetable Research - Development Station Bacau in protected and opeen field crops of pepper - Dariana Bac variety. The study of optical absorption in the 653 nm and 931 nm wavelengths (close to infrared) showed different values of chlorophyll content (CCI) indices, depending on climatic conditions and pepper coating materials. Pepper plants in laboratory conditions, in the sun or in the shade, require artificial lighting, because the chlorophyll content decrease at 9.6-9.7 CCI. The highest chlorophyll content had the pepper plants covered with green textiles (variants 5 and 6), 10.8 CCI, at the sun or in the shade. On the 2nd place was the variant 7 - Plants in shading conditions with black textiles, in the sun with 10.5 CCI. It followed by V8 Plants in shading conditions with black textiles, in the shade with 10.3 CCI. Plants in greenhouse conditions, in the sun and in the shade had the same chlorophyll content, 10.0 CCI. The study of the optical absorption in the 530 nm and 931 nm wavelengths revealed different values of the anthocyanin content indices (ACI), related to the climatic conditions and the cover materials of the pepper crops. The pepper plants in laboratory conditions, in the sun or in the shade, require artificial lighting, because the anthocyanin content being the lowest 3.7-3.8 ACI. The highest anthocyanin content was found in pepper plants covered with black textiles (variants 7 and 8), 4.4 ACI, both in the sun and in the shade. On the 2nd place were the variants 5 and 6 ith 4.1 - 4.5 ACI. Plants in shading conditions with green textiles, in the sun and in the shade had 4.3 ACI. Control variants 9 and 10 (Plants in field conditions, in sun and shade - control) had 10.1 anthocyanin content index. In greenhouse conditions, in the sun and in the shade, the pepper plants had a content of 4.0 ACI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae diseases represent an important limitative factor of crop varieties. The study include the following topics: study of genetic resources and breeding technologies for increasing disease resistance, protected crop experiments, Mycology, fruit quality study in the context of climate change, plant propagation, biostimulators and abiotic stress, different responses of the plant immune systems, possibilities for the practical application of valuable genes in increasing the tolerance or resistance to pathogens of solanaceous plants, rapid identification of genes for resistance and sensitivity, new methods for sustainable resistance to pathogens and pests, new methods of transmitting resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, with an extended intersection between pathways / pathways for resistance to pathogens and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress. This review highlights the latest research in the diseases and application of new methos in the management of the control of various pathogens, in protected areas and fields, at variety of Solanaceae and Cucurbitacea species grown in organical or conventional system, in the current context of climate change. The study are interdisciplinary area with genetics and physiology of plants, as well as the multiple interactions with the environment, including biotic and abiotic stress. Also the new technologies offer possibilities to modernize the methods and practices of cultivation in the field and protected areas, as well as obtaining valuable results in the implementation of a diverse range of techniques applied in the monitoring and control of the attack of the various pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finding solutions to cope with the decline and extinction of amphibians is one of the greatest global challenges nowadays. Frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and gimnophiona according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) estimate that at least one third of the known amphibian species are threatened with extinction, a higher rate than birds and mammals put in one place. Major threats to amphibians include habitat loss or degradation and chitridiomycosis, an infectious disease with devastating effect on the decline or mass extinction of amphibian populations worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to provide information for a good growth of Salamandra salamandra subspecies salamandra for the conservation of this species, if we are confronted in Romania with the fungal infection produced by Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, this is a pathogenic fungus what was described in 2013 on the basis of a strain collected from the skin of salamander's skin (S. salamandra). Through these observations we have obtained important data on larval aquarium behavior, larval development, aquarium larvae regeneration, metamorphosis, development of larval metamorphosis and adaptation to captive conditions. The study may contribute to the knowledge and conservation of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 2014-2017 study, 226 wild animals and 140 domestic animals suspected of rabies were investigated. Laboratory analyzes were performed on a number of 366 samples by three working methods, namely the direct fingerprint immunofluorescence (IFD) test, the bioprobe of white laboratory mice and the histological examination. 147 cases of wild rabbits were confirmed in wild and domestic animals, with the highest number of cases being recorded in foxes: 105 foxes, 14 dogs, 9 cattle, 5 cats, 4 sheep, 3 wolves, 3 deer, 2 wild cats, a boar and a ferret. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presented is based on data provided by Katimed Medical Center Piatra Neamt. The research was performed on a group of 150 patients aged between 9 and 85 years, both female and male in the urban environment. All patients were evaluated for thyroid function as part of the routine evaluation prescribed by the family doctor or specialist. Hormonal dosages were performed from venous blood harvested á - jun. For the dosing of TSH, FT4 and ATPO, the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) was used as an automatic ELISA method with final reading in the fluorescence method, with the MiniVIDAS analyzer, Biomerieux France manufacturer. Of the total thyroid dysfunction, the highest percentage (55%) is held by hypothyroidism, followed by hyperthyroidism (21%), the third place being occupied by those with thyroid hormone resistance (13%) and the last place by those with autoimmune thyroiditis (11%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

87 dialysis patients aged between 21 and 88 years who were admitted to the Nephrology and Hemodialysis Section of the Bacau Emergency County Hospital during the year 2016 with various severe kidney diagnoses were investigated, most of whom had chronic renal disease or chronic renal failure in various stages. The serum levels of parathormone, calcium and phosphorus were determined in these patients. From the data obtained, there is a very high correlation between the values of PTH and phosphorus values, between these two parameters there is a close interdependence. In chronic kidney disease, the more advanced the stage, the better the ability of the kidneys to properly excrete the phosphate, causing hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcaemia and PTH growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the study of the effect of caffeine (coffeinum natrium benzoicum) and nicotine (α-pyridine-β-N-methylpyrrolidine) on mitotic division and chromosomal aberrations in anaphase and telophase in wheat roots (Triticum aestivum L.) of the above mentioned substances. The study was supplemented with observations on seeds germination and plant growth. The study was supplemented with observations on seeds germination and plant growth. Both nicotine and caffeine had an inhibitory effect on cell division, which is also reflected in the growth of wheat plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soluble sugars that are present in the haploid plants of 10-12 cm length obtained by gynogenesis „in vitro" via the culture of nonfertilized ovaries and ovules have been identified and quantitatively measured in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by using the chromatographic method upon thin larger and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Diploid plants of the same length where used for control. They were obtained by germination of the donor plants seeds from where ovaries and ovules for cultivation in vitro were sampled. Thus, it is found that in the haploids obtained in vitro, for all studied species, the values of sugars are in general clearly low, as compared to the control diploid plants. The haploid plants chromatograms show also the lack of some sugars identified in the control diploid plants. It is interesting to note that in some haploids new sugars appear, but they are not identified in the 2n plants, or in almost equal quantitative values, or higher that the 2n donor plant value (case of sugar beet). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In January of this year, 3.263 urinal and sediment biochemistry analyzes were performed in the Emergency County Hospital of Bacau, in the Sysmex UX 2000TM urine analyzer, of which only 321 samples required microscopic examination of the urinary sediment. Of the 321 samples that required microscopic evaluation, samples with pathological values of the hematite, leukocyte, epithelial cells, cylinders, bacteria, crystals, yeasts, small round cells, pathological cylinders and mucus from the urinary sediment were selected summed up 100 samples. The 100 pathological samples were recorded in tables and statistically and graphically interpreted with the Office Excel 2016 program. All 100 investigated patients presented urinary sediment with modified elements that fall into the urinary tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated a number of 93 cases of acute nitrate poisoning in children of different sexes and ages, in urban and rural areas of Bacau County. The investigations were performed at the Public Health Department of Bacau, within the frame of the national prevention program for evaluating cases of acute infantile methemoglobinemia caused by water from well sources, over a period of nine years (2006-2014). For the determination of nitrates/nitrites in water was used the colorimetric method with indigo carmine and reading spectrophotometer. For patients, there was used the photometric dosage by means of the analyzer of urine strips - Labu Reader - strips with 10 parameters. The territorial distribution shows that, in some localities, during this period, there was only one case of acute poisoning. However, there were villages with more than 3 cases, respectively Horgeşti, Parincea, Corbasca with cases in these nine years, whereas the second risk group included Pancesti and Gura Vaii with 4 cases of poisoning. The dynamics of acute nitrate poisoning cases confirmed throughout the nine-year study indicates an annual decrease in the number of cases, which suggests efficient preventive measures by involving local government and health services in rural areas in achieving the objectives of the territorial health program called Disease prevention through the monitoring of causal factors in the living environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted in the period 2013-2016 on a staff of 70 patients from the Hematology Department of the "St. Pantelimon" Emergency Hospital in Focsani, Vrancea County, with a diagnosis of multiple types of leukemias. Laboratory determinations have been performed in the S.C. Medcenter, S.R.L. The samples examined were taken prior to the introduction of therapies or surgical interventions. In this study we aim to track the share of acute leukemia in relation to chronic lesions, the distribution of subjects by gender, age, urban / rural environment. Also, for a quantitative and qualitative assessment of haematological parameters, the following laboratory tests were performed: complete blood count, cytological blood smear test, medulogram and reticulocyte count. In our study, chronic leukemia (71%) has the highest weight, and chronic lymphoid leukemia (46%) predominates among leukemia types. Of the total leukemia cases investigated, 95.72% are diagnosed in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]