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The annual production of medical waste from healthcare facilities in Pakistan is around 250,000 tons. An effective waste management system is essential for disposing of hazardous medical waste, and incineration is considered the most effective and accessible technology. Disposal of medical waste ash in landfills without proper treatment could lead to groundwater contamination due to leachate. This research paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of using hospital waste ash obtained from the National Cleaner Production Center (NCPC) in Rawalpindi as a partial replacement for cement. The primary variable in this study was the amount of hospital waste ash (0%, 3%, 7%, and 10% by weight of cement), while the amount of cementitious material, water-to-cement ratio, and fine and coarse aggregate content were kept constant. A total of 36 cubes were cast, with nine cubes for each replacement level for curing periods of 7, 14, and 28 days. The slump value and density of fresh concrete decreased with the increase in the proportion of hospital waste ash in the mix. The compressive strength of mixes with 3% hospital waste ash was higher than that of the control mix. The best results (20.13 MPa) were obtained from the 3% mix after 28 days of curing, while the result obtained with the 7% mix was nearly equal to that of the control mix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employing social exchange theory, we examined when and how servant leadership leads to megaproject success. Based on the data of 273 responses from project team members and project managers, our findings indicated that servant leadership improves project success in megaprojects by enhancing interpersonal trust. Additionally, when project governance is high, the effect of servant leadership on interpersonal trust is weaker. The study puts forth theoretical and practical implications for professionals working in mega construction projects. Keywords servant leadership, interpersonal trust, project governance, project success [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research discussed about the Islamic Banking Industry of Pakistan. As, in last decade banking sector has grown to new limits with the advancement in technology and new method of delivering message to the audience. It is observed that to maintain its growth, Islamic banking focus highly on advertising, as it's one of the best way to leverage the brand awareness, strengthen up the existence and to gain more customers. All these efforts reflect a healthy sign and helps banks to increase up the deposits level. Increasing assets and growing its deposits are the core business of any bank, but if the deposit level fails to change, then their previously made investment on advertising would not be worthy enough. In order to analysis this situation and conduct the study, data has been gathered by authorized documents, online libraries, annual reports of Islamic banks (officially provide online), interview from industry expert, and perspectives of customers and non-customers of Islamic banking from Karachi, Pakistan. It is also observed that deposits of Islamic banks are shifted with the change in level advertising they performed. Islamic bank place high effort to compete in market with their rivals by using advertising as a tool, which allows them to tab new opportunities in different area. It has been identified that Islamic bank keeps the consistent growth of advertising with the gain of similar leverage to the deposits level. Whereas, it is emphasized that the Islamic banking has some correlation with change in the deposits level. Providing them an extra mile to performed and improve their position in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]