Search

The piriform cortex (PC) occupies both banks of the endorhinal sulcus and has an important role in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). A recent study showed that resection of more than 50% of PC increased the odds of becoming seizure free by a factor of 16. We report the feasibility of manual segmentation of PC and application of the Geodesic Information Flows (GIF) algorithm to automated segmentation, to guide resection. Manual segmentation of PC was performed by two blinded independent examiners in 60 patients with TLE (55% Left TLE, 52% female) with a median age of 35 years (IQR, 29–47 years) and 20 controls (60% Women) with a median age of 39.5 years (IQR, 31–49). The GIF algorithm was used to create an automated pipeline for parcellating PC which was used to guide excision as part of temporal lobe resection for TLE. Right PC was larger in patients and controls. Parcellation of PC was used to guide anterior temporal lobe resection, with subsequent seizure freedom and no visual field or language deficit. Reliable segmentation of PC is feasible and can be applied prospectively to guide neurosurgical resection that increases the chances of a good outcome from temporal lobe resection for TLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper inquires the existence of military Keynesianism for Asian region by testing cointegration and causality between defence expenditure and economic growth for time period 1990-2010. Panel unit root tests affirm the stationarity and panel cointegration technique by Pedroni (1999) discovers long run relationship between defence expenditure and economic growth. Panel Granger causality test shows that defence expenditure does not Granger cause economic growth, but reverse causality holds. Military Keynesianism does not hold in this case. The possible reason is pre-dominant expenditure on basic services in these un-developed countries and lack of locally production of advanced military goods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]