Search

Let L be a distributive lattice and R[L] the associated Hibi ring. We show that if L is planar, then any bounded Hibi subring of R[L] has a quadratic Gröbner basis. We characterize all planar distributive lattices L for which any proper rank bounded Hibi subring of R[L] has a linear resolution. Moreover, if R[L] is linearly related for a lattice L, we find all rank bounded Hibi subrings of R[L] which are linearly related, too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we have employed three trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (TT2FNs) to deal with a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems. The introduced technique takes into consideration the left and right areas of the three types of membership memberships involved in TT2FNs and also considers the risk attitude of decision maker. The presented method is more generalized since we have used TT2FNs, which are more effective in capturing uncertainty than IT2FSs, just like triangular fuzzy numbers has a better representational power than simple interval numbers. We have considered the unknown attribute environment where maximizing deviation method has been employed to evaluate the attribute weights. Moreover, evaluation model for manufacturing plants with linguistic information has been provided as an illustrative example for the justification of the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems have been solved involving various types of fuzzy sets. We know that interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2FSs) are the most representative known fuzzy sets since they have the ability to capture both type of linguistic uncertainties associated with a word namely, the intra-personal and inter-personal uncertainties respectively. Here for MCDM problems, we will use the three trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (TT2FNs) which are more effective in capturing the uncertainty than IT2FSs, just like triangular fuzzy numbers has a better representational power than simple interval numbers. Moreover, Entropy method is employed for evaluating the values of unknown attribute weights. The ranking method employed here is the grey correlation projection method (GRPM), obtained by joining grey relational method (GRM) and projection method (PM) respectively. Lastly an example will be given to check the productivity of the suggested method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: What are the main findings? The problem of 2-D Prandtl nanofluid past a moving wedge is investigated in detail; Tri-hybrid nanoparticles are considered here; Heat and mass transmission evaluations are conducted in the presence of endothermic/exothermic chemical reactions; The moving wedge is considered; What is the implication of the main finding? LobattoIIIA scheme is implemented for the numerical solution of modeled PDEs. Heat transfer is a vital fact of daily life, engineering, and industrial mechanisms such as cryogenic systems, spaceborne thermal radiometers, electronic cooling, aircraft engine cooling, aircraft environmental control systems, etc. The addition of nanoparticles helps to stabilize the flowing of a nanofluid and keeps the symmetry of the flowing structure. Purpose: In this attempt, the effect of endothermic/exothermic chemical reactions accompanied by activation energy on a ternary hybrid nanofluid with the geometry of a wedge is taken into consideration. The mathematical form of PDEs is obtained by Navier–Stokes equations, the second law of thermodynamics, and Fick's second law of diffusion. The geometric model is therefore described using a symmetry technique. Formulation: The MATLAB built-in Lobatto III A structure is utilized to find the computational solution of the dimensionless ODEs. All computational outcomes are presented by graphs and statistical graphs in order to check the performance of various dimensionless quantities against drag force factor and Nusselt quantity. Finding: the addition of tri-hybridizing nanomolecules in the standard liquid improves the thermic performance of the liquid much better in comparison to simple hybrid nanofluids. Wedge angle parameter α brings about a decrement in fluid velocity and augmentation in thermal conductivity ϵ , thermal radiation R d , thermophoresis parameter N t and endothermic/exothermic reaction Ω , and fitted rate constant n accelerates the heat transmission rate. Novelty: The effect of tri-hybridizing nanomolecules along with endothermic/exothermic reactions on the fluid past a wedge have not been investigated before in the available literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topological indices (TIs) assign a numeric value to a graph or a molecular structure. Due to their ability to predict the physiochemical properties of a molecular graph, several TIs have been introduced and studied, mainly based on degree and distance. For a vertex v , the maximum distance of v from any other vertex in a graph G is called the eccentricity of v , which is denoted by σ v , in G. The eccentricity of vertices gained special attention among the distance-based or degree-distance based TIs. An important TI in the class of eccentricity-dependent TIs is an eccentricity-entropy index. Furthermore, other eccentricity-dependent TIs such as eccentric-connectivity index, total-eccentricity index, and the first Zagreb index have also been extensively studied. On the other hand, dendrimers came out as unique polymeric macromolecules because of extensively branched three-dimensional architectural characteristics. This structure design prepares for various unique properties of dendrimers, including monodispersity, multivalency, uniform size, globular shape, water solubility with hydrophobic internal cavities, and a high degree of branching. These properties make them attractive candidates for different applications. PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimers are promising polymers that can be successfully used in various biomedical applications. The PAMAM dendrimers having different structures such as a primary amine as the end group or porphyrin core have been studied through graph-theoretic parameters. This paper studies these two types of PAMAM dendrimers through eccentricity-dependent parameters. In particular, we establish formulae of eccentricity entropy for two types of PAMAM dendrimers. Moreover, we also derive analytic formulae of some other significant TIs from the class of eccentricity-dependent TIs. Furthermore, we apply graphical tools to demonstrate the trends of the values in the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We find a class of block graphs whose binomial edge ideals have minimal regularity. As a consequence, we characterize the trees whose binomial edge ideals have minimal regularity. Also, we show that the binomial edge ideal of a block graph has the same depth as its initial ideal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti L. and Anopheles gambiae G. are very important insect vectors for transmission of infectious diseases like dengue and malaria. Extensive use of insecticides provided rapid control of these insect vectors but gradually they have developed insecticide resistance. Target site insensitivity is one the main reasons for insecticide resistance development. Development of new insecticides targeting different target sites can be a useful approach for management of insecticide resistance in insect pests. Chorion peroxidase inhibitors have been predicted by using computer aided drug designing (CAAD) approach. 3D structure of chorion peroxidase of A. aegypti and A. gambiae was predicted by using I-TASSER and refined by 3Drefine and GalaxyWEB servers. Ligand binding sites were predicted by using 3DLigandSite, RaptorX and COACH servers. Ligands/Inhibitor compounds were obtained from literature and drug bank. Protein-ligand docking was performed by AutoDock Vina. The compounds with low binding energy and good interactions were selected for both species. Pharmacophore models were generated by using LigandScout. Screening of zinc library was performed against the features of designed pharmacophores. Top ten compounds with best pharmacophore fit score for each species were selected for docking with chorion peroxidase. Protein ligand interactions were determined through LIGPLOT. One lead compound showing lowest binding energy and best interactions was selected for each species, i.e., ZINC04581496 (A. aegypti) and ZINC15675298 (A. gambiae). Protein-Protein interaction was studied by STRING database to find the co-expressing proteins in network of chorion peroxidase. Ten interaction partners were found for A. aegypti while five for A. gambiae. These pharmacophore models may provide theoretical basis for designing effective insecticides for A. aegypti and A. gambiae control. The efficacy of computationally predicted lead molecules can be confirmed by testing in vitro and in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colchicine, extracted from the colchicum autumnale plant, used by the ancient Greeks more than 20 centuries ago, is one of the most ancient drugs still prescribed even today. The major mechanism of action is binding to microtubules thereby interfering with mitosis and subsequent modulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. Colchicine has long been of interest in the treatment of cardiovascular disease; however, its efficacy and safety profile for specific conditions have been variably established in the literature. In the subset of pericardial diseases, colchicine has been shown to be effective in recurrent pericarditis and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (PPS). The future course of treatment and management will therefore highly depend on the results of the ongoing large randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colchicine for the primary prevention of several postoperative complications and in the perioperative period. Also, given the positive preliminary outcomes of colchicine usage in pericardial effusions, the future therapeutical use of colchicine looks promising. Further study is needed to clarify its role in these disease states, as well as explore other its role in other cardiovascular conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]