Search

We detect ionized gas characteristics indicative of winds in three disk-dominated galaxies that are members of a super-group at z=0.37 that will merge to form a Coma-mass cluster. All three galaxies are IR-luminous (L_IR > 4 x 10^{10} L_sun, SFR >8 M_sun per year) and lie outside the X-ray cores of the galaxy groups. We find that the most IR-luminous galaxy has strong blue and redshifted emission lines with velocities of ~ +/-200 km/s and a third, blueshifted (~ 900 km/s) component. This galaxy's line-widths (Hb, [OIII]5007, [NII], Ha) correspond to velocities of 100-1000 km/s. We detect extraplanar gas in two of three galaxies with SFR > 8 M_sun per year whose orientations are approximately edge-on and which have IFU spaxels off the stellar disk. IFU maps reveal that the extraplanar gas extends to r_h ~ 10 kpc; [NII] and Ha line-widths correspond to velocities of ~200-400 km/s in the disk and decrease to ~50-150 km/s above the disk. Multi-wavelength observations indicate that the emission is dominated by star formation. Including the most IR-luminous galaxy we find that 18% of supergroup members with SFR > 8 M_sun per year show ionized gas characteristics indicative of outflows. This is a lower limit as showing that gas is outflowing in the remaining, moderately inclined, galaxies requires a non-trivial decoupling of contributions to the emission lines from rotational and turbulent motion. Ionized gas mass loss in these winds is ~0.1 M_sun per year for each galaxy, although the winds are likely to entrain significantly larger amounts of mass in neutral and molecular gas., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures (slightly degraded in quality), accepted for publication in ApJL

We have carried out the largest search for stable particles with fractional electric charge, based on an oil drop method that incorporates a horizontal electric field and upward air flow. No evidence for such particles was found, giving a 95% C.L. upper limit of $1.17\times 10^{-22}$ particles per nucleon on the abundance of fractional charge particles in silicone oil for $0.18 e \le |Q_{residual}| \le 0.82 e$. Since this is the first use of this new method we describe the advantages and limitations of the method., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables

In this paper we review the experimental and observational searches for stable, massive, elementary particles other than the electron and proton. The particles may be neutral, may have unit charge or may have fractional charge. They may interact through the strong, electromagnetic, weak or gravitational forces or through some unknown force. The purpose of this review is to provide a guide for future searches - what is known, what is not known, and what appear to be the most fruitful areas for new searches. A variety of experimental and observational methods such as accelerator experiments, cosmic ray studies, searches for exotic particles in bulk matter and searches using astrophysical observations is included in this review., Comment: 34 pages, 8 eps figures

We describe our ongoing work on, and future plans for, searches in bulk matter for fractional charge elementary particles and very massive elementary particles. Our primary interest is in searching for such particles that may have been produced in the early universe and may be found in the more primeval matter available in the solar system: meteorites, material from the moon's surface, and certain types of ancient terrestrial rocks. In the future we are interested in examining material brought back by sample return probes from asteroids. We will describe our experimental methods that are based on new modifications of the Millikan liquid drop technique and modern technology: micromachining, CCD cameras, and desktop computers. Extensions of our experimental methods and technology allow searches for very massive charged particles in primeval matter; particles with masses greater than 10**13 GeV. In the first such searches carried out on earth there will be uncertainties in the mass search range. Therefore we will also discuss the advantages of eventually carrying out such searches directly on an asteroid., Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures in a single PDF file (created from WORD Doc.)

We present a new experimental method for searching for free fractional charge in bulk matter; this new method derives from the traditional Millikan liquid drop method, but allows the use of much larger drops, 20 to 100 mm in diameter, compared to the traditional method that uses drops less than 15 mm in diameter. These larger drops provide the substantial advantage that it is then much easier to consistently generate drops containing liquid suspensions of powdered meteorites and other special minerals. These materials are of great importance in bulk searches for fractional charge particles that may have been produced in the early universe., Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures in a singl PDF file (created from WORD Doc.). Submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments