Search

The article considers art-therapeutic means for adults and children during the war. The relevance of the article is to help children and adults to use art therapy to develop vitality, psycho-emotional recovery, adaptation to new social conditions, the formation of emotional and volitional self-regulation of behavior. Objective of the article: to find out the essence of art therapy; to study the consequences of adults and children during wars; consider popular art-therapeutic techniques for the treatment of psychological disorders in victims. Methods: analysis of scientific literature, system analysis. Results: According to research on this issue, art therapies are extremely useful and necessary for the treatment of adults and children affected by war. The consequences of adults and children during wars have been studied. The advantages of using art therapy are highlighted. In addition, popular art-therapeutic techniques for the treatment of psychological disorders in victims are considered: sand therapy, music therapy, phototherapy, isotherapy, neurography, associative metaphorical maps. It has been found out what pictures are being drawn by the victims of the current war in Ukraine. It is proved that the art therapy combines a number of branches: art history, pedagogy, psychology, psychotherapy. Conclusion: therefore, the use of art therapy techniques improves the emotional state of adults and children: reduces fear and anxiety, anger and depression, and so on.

This theoretical article analyzes the positive and negative aspects of research activities of future social workers during their professional training in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine and quantify the subjective level of readiness of students for research work and against the background of generalizations of foreign experience to outline the range of methodological and organizational problems of research training of future social workers in Ukraine. We chose practical methods (sociological survey of a random demonstrative sample of students, teachers and social workers) and theoretical (thematic, structural, problem, critical types of analysis, generalization and comparison). The article proves: a) Ukrainian students show low readiness for research work, but a positive attitude to participate in it in terms of improving methodological, organizational and motivational conditions; b) global trends in the research activities of social workers are focused on current practice, constant exchange of interinstitutional experience, use multimodal methods of data collection and analysis (in microgroups, social networks, the use of big data), etc.; c) the main shortcomings of such work in Ukraine are excessive theoreticality, insufficient methodological training, attachment to specific disciplines, insufficient stimulation of students; d) among positive sides there is a gradual introduction of alternative forms of scientific work and scientific and practical activities outside the educational institution. The results of the study may be of interest to reformers of social worker training in the educational institutions of the developing countries; specialists in typological and comparative study of humanities education in different countries and their socio-economic regions.

Background: This brief report provides an overview of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA); an introduction to the Global Matrix 4.0; an explanation of the value and opportunities that the AHKGA efforts and assets provide to the physical activity research, policy, practice, and advocacy community; an outline of the series of papers related to the Global Matrix 4.0 in this issue of the Journal of Physical Activity and Health; and an invitation for future involvement. Methods: The AHKGA was formed to help power the global movement to get kids moving. In 2019–2021, we recruited countries to participate in the Global Matrix 4.0, a worldwide initiative to assess, compare, and contrast the physical activity of children and adolescents. Results: A total of 57 countries/jurisdictions (hereafter referred to as countries for simplicity) were recruited. The current activities of the AHKGA are summarized. The overall findings of the Global Matrix 4.0 are presented in a series of papers in this issue of the Journal of Physical Activity and Health. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 and other assets of the AHKGA are publicly available, and physical activity researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and advocates are encouraged to exploit these resources to further their efforts.

The article expands scientific ideas about methods and techniques of dealing with crisis situations in different approaches to psychological counseling of clients who are experiencing current crisis realities in a complex social space. Different psychological approaches to the problem of the impact of psychological counseling on the crisis states of clients at the integrative and systemic levels are analyzed. Significant features of the approaches most often used in the practice of crisis psychological counseling –gestalt-therapeutic, cognitive-behavioral, and existential– are highlighted. Based on the generalization of the theoretical and methodological foundations of crisis counseling, the important role of subject-activity, professionally competent, personality-oriented approaches is highlighted. The importance of maintaining a person’s mental health in a crisis and providing him/her with psychological assistance in counseling and therapeutic practice is emphasized. A theoretical and methodological approach to the requirements for the criteria of consulting practice effectiveness is indicated. The structurization, conditions for organization and providing crisis counseling at different stages (areas) of work is described. The use of a neuropsycho-corrective approach in the practice of crisis counseling is recommended. The significance of the integrative psychological approach to counseling mentioned by foreign and domestic researchers on the basis of a holistic vision of the relationship between the client’s psychological resources and the requirements of the crisis situation is noted. It is emphasized that the management of crisis education should be handled by the personnel services of organizations of extreme profile.

The article presents the authors’ course “Horticultural Therapy”, which includes various activities related to the interaction with flora and its images. Evidence suggests that Ukrainian discourse lacks methodical materials on horticultural therapy and, thus, requires methods that can contribute to developing the skills of conscious psychological separation from constant parental care, taking responsibility for their lives, setting real-life goals and destroying the position of helplessness in individuals with MSDs. The article aims to theoretically justify, methodically develop and present the results from implementing the authors’ course “Horticultural Therapy” in rehabilitation centres. The authors’ methodical complex is based on the use of the following methods: analysis of theoretical and methodical sources; modelling of educational conditions and programmes; methods of implementing the didactic content in the educational-rehabilitational process; expert evaluation; statistical methods. The verification quasi-experiment of the modelled conditions for corrective learning has shown a significant increase in social skills in individuals with MSDs. Besides, findings confirm the increased levels of their independence, social and personal incentives, household and self-care skills. The international relevance of the article lies in the further development of nature-centric methods of corrective pedagogy, conductive pedagogy and non-medical treatment of CNS diseases, which is an important area of neurorehabilitation today.

Today, with the existing trends of society's humanization and democratization, there is a need to find ways to improve the life quality of people with disabilities for their full and harmonious development. Furthermore, in the current conditions of a challenging economic, social, and political world situation, it is crucial to effectively organize the process of psycho-pedagogical support for the social and psychological development of people, including children, with disabilities. Nowadays, state and public authorities all over the world try to direct their social policy and public activity toward the creation of a complex of legal, economic, psychological, educational, medical, rehabilitation, and other measures aimed at improvement of the quality of services, social adaptation and return to a full-quality life of people with disabilities. The article aims to reveal the main tendencies of scientific works in psychological and pedagogical support for the life quality of people with disabilities. Also, we should clarify practical aspects and perspectives of psychological and pedagogical support for this category of people, including, during extreme situations, martial law. Methodology. To write the article, we analyzed the works of scientists carrying out theoretical and practical research on the effectiveness of work with disabled persons. Also, we studied the results of a questionnaire poll of specialists in social services and disabled persons. Results. According to the research results, the tendencies of modern teachers and scientists studying the psychological and pedagogical support of the life quality of people with disabilities, as well as the results of the questionnaire survey on the factors influencing the success of psychological and pedagogical work to improve the life quality of persons with disabilities are traced and outlined promising work directions with these people.

The article theoretically justifies, defines and experimentally verifies pedagogical conditions for developing a values-based attitude towards people in adolescents from rehabilitation centres, taking into account pedagogical, psychological and neurophysiological factors. According to the above-mentioned factors, such pedagogical conditions can be developed in the context of the following aspects: involving adolescents from rehabilitation centres in humane activity in terms of developing a values-based attitude towards people; making the “teacher-pupil” and “pupil-pupil” relationships more humanistic; increasing the readiness of rehabilitation centres teachers to develop a values-based attitude towards people in adolescents. Research methods are as follows: surveys, conversations, interviews; writing a mini-essay on the topic “Another Person in My Life”; the questionnaire on values-based orientations; the verbal associations method; discussions, tests, self-tests (assessing one’s behaviour in a conflict situation); the “eye to eye” adapted methodology; the story-role game “One Family”; pedagogical observations; an analysis of life and specially modelled situations. The international relevance of the article lies in the following: for the first time, pedagogical conditions for developing a values-based attitude towards other people in adolescents from rehabilitation institutions in Ukraine have been justified (elaborating and introducing the content, forms and methods; involving adolescents in humane activity; humanizing the relations in the teacher-pupil and pupil-pupil systems; enhancing the level of teachers’ readiness to develop a values-based attitude towards people in adolescents); relevant criteria with corresponding indicators have been determined. This can serve as an impetus to further research on the problem in question on the example of developing countries.

The article outlines some drawbacks of research training for social workers in Ukraine. To improve it, one should consider the main characteristics of such training in West European countries, given that they are exemplary in terms of social security. With the help of differential and comparative-typological analysis, the article singles out methodical aspects which social work training in Ukraine lacks and, therefore, suggests relevant recommendations for enhancing research activities of future social workers. Besides, it proves that the reforming of research training implies diversifying forms of research activities, as well as bringing them together with industrial placements and educational autonomy of students. At the same time, research activities should be a cross-cutting component in the context of applying interactive, information and project-based methods of teaching and learning. The international relevance of the article lies in identifying areas of research and related activities in the leading European countries. This can be a starting point for improving education systems in the post-Soviet countries in which there is a pronounced divergence between instructional, theoretical and research activities within social work training.

The article reviews the formation of professional self-determination of future teachers of non-language specialties when learning the English language. The aim of the study was the formation of motivation for the study of the English language by students of pedagogical universities of non-linguistic specialties. The hypothesis of the research was that the use of the English language of the professional direction increases the motivation for learning the language, provides an awareness of the practical and theoretical significance of the knowledge gained for future professional activities and is a factor professional self-determination. Based on this goal, the following tasks were solved: studies of the professional orientation of students and the level of motivation for studying the discipline "English language of a professional direction" were carried out, measures were developed to form the professional self-determination of students. At the stage of the formative experiment, the work programs of the discipline are drawn up in such a way that each content module takes into account the urgent problems of the corresponding specialty. The use of modern information and innovative technologies in project activities contributed to the formation of professional motives for learning English, skills and abilities of communication in English in the professional sphere, an increase in the number of special terminology, the intensive development of all language skills: speaking, reading, listening and writing.

The article scientifically argues and develops conceptual and methodological principles of formation of legal competence of specialists in the system of life long education. It is confirmed that their training acquires efficiency when implemented according to specific theoretical and methodological research principles. The essence and content of the formation of legal competence of future specialists (on the example of accounting and taxation specialists), components (cognitive, motivational, activity, reflective and information-logical), criteria, indicators and levels of its formation are revealed. The pedagogical conditions of formation of legal competence of future specialists in accounting and taxation in the system of lifelong education are substantiated; theoretically developed and experimentally tested a comprehensive structural and functional model of the formation of their legal competence. It is proved that the application of the author's concept of formation of legal competence of specialists in the system of life long education, first of all, updating of content, the realization of defined and substantiated pedagogical conditions and developed structural-functional model, promotes the effective formation of all components of legal competence of future specialists. Checking the level of formation of the components of legal competence of future specialists in accounting and taxation in the system of lifelong education was carried out taking into account the defined structure of legal competence using the criteria defined in the study of its formation.

According to the concept of developing inclusive education, the process of introducing inclusion in schools has been intensified. This is due to the training of physical education teachers to work with children with special educational needs during specially organized courses, whose fragmentation has not greatly increased the level of teachers’ qualifications. The research aims to scientifically justify theoretical and methodological foundations, develop and experimentally verify the methodology of training future physical education teachers for professional activities under the conditions of inclusive education, taking into account the specifics of their psychological, theoretical and practical readiness for it. Pedagogical conditions for training future physical education teachers for professional activities under the conditions of inclusive education are defined as follows: prioritizing the content of programmes and teaching methodology; improving the content, forms, methods and means required to master normative, psychological, pedagogical and correctional theoretical and practical and scientific foundations of inclusive education, as well as didactic and correctional and developmental technologies during the classes dedicated to professional teaching methodologies; consolidating professional knowledge and practical skills of students based on the simulation modelling and reflection on pedagogical experience of future physical education teachers under the conditions of inclusive education with the relevant update of the content of teaching placements. The experimental work involved 444 students majoring in physical education and sport (222 students in the experimental and the control groups). Given the summarized data of final tests, it becomes clear that the students in the EG tend to have a high level of such readiness (at the ascertaining stage – 28.6%, at the formative stage – 47.0%, the difference being 18.4%). The results of the experiment prove the effectiveness of introducing the developed methodology of training future physical education teachers for professional activities under the conditions of inclusive education.

The article justifies the idea that a child is at the heart of educational activity. Subsequently, an educational activity aims to increase the creative potential and social activity of humane personality and recognize the priority of the free development of personality, the value of human beings and preserve their environment. Accordingly, the article aims to develop and verify the conceptual and methodological principles of the scientific and methodical system for cultivating a values-based attitude towards personality in students and introduce the technologies that will enhance their social decency. The article analyzes theoretical foundations, defines the principles and pedagogical conditions for developing the system of values-based orientations in students from the post-Soviet space on the example of Ukraine and verifies the effectiveness of these conditions experimentally. The experimental stage of the research employs the following methods to obtain the initial data: brainstorming, questionnaires, the methodology of unfinished sentences, “Q-sorting”, diagnosing the socio-psychological adaptation, diagnosing indicators and forms of aggression, empathic abilities, revealing the ability of effective cooperation and constructive communication, assertive behaviour (Diagnosis of accepting others, Goodwill scale, Express trust diagnostics, Express diagnostics of the level of person’s social isolation); a methodology for identifying the attitude “altruism-egoism” of the personality, value orientations, the integral person’s self-esteem, the assessment of moral development. Through all the parts of the experiment, the positive moves in learning the basic humanistic values were done in the value structure of the personality. The analysis of the data gathered during the investigation gives reasons to state, that during the experiment systematic changes of the educational process were made, the level of fostering a values-based attitude to a person among students has increased.

Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.

The use of the newest pedagogical technologies (techniques) with the accentuated influence of the modern technical means of training during practical classes with the SPT and other forms of physical training with the cadets of the National Academy of National Guard of Ukraine during their professional development ensures that they acquire the necessary level of readiness to perform assigned tasks and is the priority of the scientific research. The article aims to formulate a model for forming future officers' readiness to perform assigned tasks using special physical training in higher military educational institutions and to analyze the results of the pedagogical experiment on its implementation. While conducting the pedagogical experiment, the modern technical means of training and functional complexes were used, which increases the level of special physical readiness among the representatives of the experimental group. Also, pedagogical conditions for forming future officers’ readiness to perform assigned tasks using special physical training at the Command faculty of the National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine were experimentally verified. To improve the “shock” technique of HHC (the technique of applying physical activity measures) and the explosive force, we used the hardware-software system of the martial arts technique “Katsumoto” impact registration (HSS “Katsumoto”), video monitoring of technical handicap operations, Human Reactions Complex (AECS – LAB). Experimental work was implemented in two groups: the control group (CG, n=62) and the experimental group (EG, n=61). It is experimentally confirmed that the high qualification level of special physical readiness ensures the high-quality performance of assigned tasks.

On the historical side, valeology consciously or, more often, unconsciously was a separate area of social activity and personal activity. Thus, unconscious valeological activity was characteristic of the prehistoric period in connection with the needs of survival, nurturance, protection, as well as a component of animistic ritual activity. Then the first valeological laws, traditions and rituals were born during the heyday of the first European and Asian civilizations, syncretism of medical and spiritual principles was observed (Antiquity, Eastern tradition). Subsequently, humanitarian activities separated from practical, which slowed down the development of protovaleology, especially in the Middle Ages. The beginning of the Renaissance marked the emergence of a holistic spiritual and natural paradigm of a man with the opportunity to comprehensively develop his spiritual and physical beginning, and the development of cities contributed to a significant increase in hygienic living conditions. The classical period of culture and philosophical thought gave rise to several approaches of moralizing, utopian, educational and idealistic nature. Man is the center of the world and his self-education at the end of the 19th century, with the advent of the positivist paradigm and the era of modernism in culture. However, on the territory of our state, as well as several others, at the beginning of the twentieth century, the socialist-realistic paradigm of human health reigned, attracting a citizen as an element of a totalitarian state of pre-mass ways of valeological activity - physical culture, mass sports, pre- conscription training, and labor activity. Valeology became a separate discipline and form of social consciousness only in the last decades of the twentieth century, after the final fall of colonial politics in the world.

The article considers the people with muscle-skeleton disorders (hereinafter “MSDs”) who suffer from the effects cerebral palsy, myopathy and spinal diseases. The article aims to determine, theoretically justify and experimentally verify the pedagogical conditions for the socialization of people with MSDs in rehabilitation centres. All the respondents had MSDs, namely: 76 respondents – pediatric cerebral palsy; 19 respondents – myopathy; 10 respondents – spinal diseases. It must be noted that 11 respondents, apart from MSDs, had intellectual disabilities (F 71). The experiment involved 59 males and 46 females. The age requirement was the following: 56 respondents aged between 14 and 17; 49 respondents aged between 18 and 19. The socialization programme, verified during the formative experiment, involved working with people with MSDs based on all socialization components; methodological work with the teaching staff of rehabilitation centres; parents. The programme included such specialized courses as Human Rights, Gardenotherapy; dance therapy; photography classes; a support group for parents of children with MSDs. Before the beginning of the experiment, only 11.55% of persons with MSDs had a high level of socialization. After the formative experiment, the number increased to 30.45%. Besides, 44.1% of people have a sufficient level of social skills. The implementation of the designed programme as a condition for the socialization of people with MSDs has made it possible to significantly increase the level of social skills in people with MSDs in the experimental group.

The main reason for the inefficiency of the system of valeological training of specialists in higher education institutions is that a set of its components isn‟t defined today (structure, content, form, term of study, blocks of disciplines, etc.), mutual relations aren‟t built between them, which ensure integrity, consistency and development. One of the greatest achievements of humanities and natural sciences of the end of the ХХ century and the beginning of the ХХІ century is the adoption of a humanitarian paradigm that includes a multidimensional definition of health as physical, social, economic and creative well-being. At the same time, a key role in its creation is assigned, firstly, to the person himself, secondly, near medical fields: professional activity, recreation, education, etc. Teachers should recognize: although educational activity is the main one in childhood and early youth, nevertheless other areas of life should be under the control of parents, teachers and, most importantly, young people themselves, not forcibly, but consciously and naturally.

The works of foreign teachers who formulated general pedagogical approaches, principles, forms, and methods that influenced the subsequent development of pedagogy and methods of teaching a foreign language in many countries are important for substantiating the pedagogical principles of the development of foreign-language education in Ukraine during the study period. The purpose of the article is to justify theoretically the scientific and pedagogical prerequisites for the development of foreign-language education in the context of the training of future physical education teachers. Historical analysis testified that the methodological principles of the problem of foreign-language education of future teachers of humanitarian specialties were formed during the study period under the influence of large-scale integration and socio-cultural processes and based on such approaches: personally oriented; communicative; communicative-active; cognitive; sociocultural approach; competent, culturological/axiological, level, productive; lingo-country studies approach; lingo- cultural approach; ethnographic approach; multifunctional approach; intercultural approach; reflexive approach; vocational approach in foreign language education; productive approach. The methodological basis of the language training of students is a personally oriented and communicative approach, which allows you to discover the personal significance in the educational material and practically master it in the conditions of the problematic communicative situations. These approaches are implemented in the complex methods of culture-centric and problem-oriented study, and also in media-communicative and consciously comparative methods.

Life activities of students from higher education institutions are largely influenced by certain adverse factors (social, psychological, environmental ones), which in turn negatively affect their physical and mental health and cause particular behavioural deviations such as aggression. The research aims to theoretically justify, develop and experimentally verify the programme on prevention of aggressive behaviours in athletes due to cultivating their humanistic values and capacity for self-actualization. The research sample of the formative experiment comprised 177 athletes (92 respondents in the experimental group and 85 respondents in the control group). The research assumes that, if well-developed, humanistic values of individual self-actualization (developing one’s positive attitude towards the surrounding people, ability to understand them, accept oneself and others and reality, striving for new knowledge, identifying oneself in this world, setting goals) can be considered as a means of prevention of aggressive behaviours in students; the process of developing athletes’ capacity for self-actualization as a means of psychological prevention of aggressive behaviours is determined by an appropriate organization of activities performed by students, their parents, psychologists, teachers based on personality-oriented and humanistic approaches. The level of self-actualization was based on E. Shostrom’s test and the self-actualization scale by A. Jones and R. Crandall; the level of aggression was identified based on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. The accuracy of changes in the groups was verified using the Mann-Whitney U Test. Results. A quantitative interpretation of the results obtained from the formative experiment proves that the arithmetic mean of self-actualization parameters in respondents in the experimental group has increased significantly (by 22%), whereas they have remained almost unchanged in the control group. Concerning the arithmetic mean of parameters of aggressive behaviours in athletes, they have decreased significantly (by 18%) in the experimental group. This is because athletes' capacity for self-actualization has been developed without direct influence on their aggressive behaviours. Conclusions. In comparison with their peers in the control group, athletes in the experimental group have significantly improved their conflict management skills as a result of developing a more positive attitude towards others, as well as behavioural flexibility, communication skills and capacity for self-development.

It is important to determine what opportunities exist in the processes of acquisition, preservation and realization of value constellations, relative to another person in the boarding school environment compared to other educational institutions regarding the use of the most important existential of practical life. Teachers pay attention to a number of factors that prevent the effective education of value attitude towards the person. There are crime, anger, sense of permissibility, low level of personal communication, irresponsible, life pessimism and etc. among them. Analysis of theoretical works and synthesis of scientific provisions suggest that value attitude towards another person is an integrated neoplasm, which is determined by humanistic ethics and morality and is based on moral values such as respect, dignity, equality, benevolence, balance, self-sufficiency, readiness for constructive dialogue. Therefore, the formation of the value of another person is a specially organized educational process, which defines the attitude towards another person, as the highest value of the subject of life, aimed at combining knowledge about such moral values as respect for dignity, equality, benevolence, balance, self-sufficiency, readiness for constructive dialogue, ideas about the ways of their manifestation and ability to guide them in their own activities. Thus, philosophical, psychological and pedagogical studies show that the value attitude towards another person is an important characteristic of the moral sphere of the individual and is most confirmed by humanistic ethics and morality and is the basis of domestic and international legislation, which needs the close attention and development of optimal pedagogical conditions for the formation of a value attitude towards another person in pupils of boarding schools, as the most impressionable category of children with a view to their socialization and full integration into society.

The analysis of the requirements which are made to a specialist in the professional code shows that, as a rule, they can be conditionally erected to two groups of standards: the first group is requirements to the quality, content and results of professional activity; the second group is the requirements for the personality of a professional. Among the requirements that belong to the requirements of the personality of a future teacher of physical culture, there is possession of his pedagogical skill. With a positive attitude towards people, towards themselves as a person, with a developed interest in communication and cooperation with people, the chances of developing this important personal characteristic increase significantly. The analysis of the curricula for physical education teachers’ training showed that value ideas about future profession of students begin to be formed only at the end of the second year. In order to find out the possibilities of developing pedagogical skills in the educational process, we clarified the content of normative and elective disciplines of the educational and professional program, which allow to form self-determination, self-identification of the personality at a future teacher of physical culture: understanding of yourself and others, adequate self-assessment and assessment of environmental reality, to make own attitude to professional pedagogical activity. After studying a discipline, students should be able to determine ways to form and implement pedagogical skills; self-evaluation of personality qualities, plan own self-improvement (keep a diary of professional formation); use individual features of mimics, pantomimics and other non-verbal means of communication to improve pedagogical technology, increase efficiency, educational process; to possess acting skills, to carry out the presentation and etc.

The important pre-experimental stage of the research is the difference among the concepts of “professional training”, “professional competence”, “professional preparedness”, “professional (personal) maturity” and “professional skill” in the projection on characteristics of the student's personality, and also the identification of psychological, sociometric and personal data of pupils who will later correct the course of the educational experiment in reference groups. The purpose is to provide theoretical and methodological prove of the current state of pedagogical skills development of future physical education teachers in the process of professional training. The sociological survey, conducted among students and teachers of Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University for the key question “Which teacher have pedagogical skills?”, made it possible to distinguish several dominants that are expressed by such concepts: knowledge, skills, abilities, experience, extraordinary, approach, personality, development and own example. However, the results of the recording stage of the experiment showed a low level of pedagogical skills development of a future physical education teacher. A number of shortcomings were identified that complicates the pedagogical skills development of a future physical education teacher, including a slight connection between theory and practice; theoretical training of students isn’t interactive; traditional methods of study at HEI; a limited number of manuals and methodological recommendations for highlighting the importance of developing the pedagogical skills of a future physical education teacher and its impact on professional activities; a small number of tasks aimed at developing this personal characteristic. This causes the need to determine and substantiate the pedagogical conditions for the pedagogical skills development of a future physical education teacher, the development of a model.

The concept of the New Ukrainian School is aimed at organizing effective inclusive education for students, in particular younger students with special educational needs, and their cooperation with healthy peers. The paper aims to theoretically justify and experimentally verify psycho-pedagogical conditions for teaching future primary school teachers how to interact with students’ parents in inclusive practice. The experimental group (EG) involved 203 respondents and the control group (CG) 215 respondents, as well as 12 university teachers, 36 primary school teachers and 115 students’ parents of students with/without special educational needs. The psycho-pedagogical conditions are determined as follows: developing future primary school teachers’ motivational, values-based and responsible attitude to acquiring knowledge, abilities and skills needed for the interaction with students’ parents in inclusive practice; using the opportunities of an educational environment in higher education institutions to develop future primary school teachers’ certain competencies by improving and integrating the content of professional and specialized academic courses, applying innovative and traditional technologies of teaching and learning; focusing academic training and teaching placement towards improving the experience of future primary school teachers in interacting with students’ parents in inclusive practice). The paper employs some author’s methodologies (adapted to Raven’s (1991) socio-pedagogical methodologies): surveys, interviews, student questionnaires, tests, assignments. The ratio between the levels of future primary school teachers’ readiness to interact with students’ parents in inclusive learning is the following: the experimental group – a high level 45.32%, an average level 41.87%, a low level 12.81%; the control group a high level 16.74%, an average level 36.75%, a low level 41.51%. The obtained results indicate some dynamic positive changes in the levels of EG respondents’ readiness under the influence of the proposed psycho-pedagogical conditions.

The progressive humanity understood: medicine has relative possibilities of eliminating the consequences of destructive processes in the human body and psyche, while prevention, propaedeutics and other forms of prevention are relevant not consequences, but causes. Doctors should abandon the monopoly on improving health and move to cooperate with humanitarian activities in achieving the hygienic, preventive, sinological, therapeutic and valeological aim (the last one can prevent the disease development in the initial stages of any dysfunction). The medical industry and pharmacology itself would have to be motivated to do this, because the supportive therapy, the nosological approach to most human pathologies, the rise of pharmacological business stimulate the medical approach. These trends should be taken into account in pedagogy as an initial activity in shaping a future human potential. However, there was an internal contradiction near these positive trends in their own valeology: if a person can be forced to be treated, not to violate the laws or rights of others, then valeology can only be involved. Because it is a worldview concept, even an ideological one, the bitter experience of totalitarian attraction to political or cultural ideas didn’t produce a positive result. Attraction to valeological worldview, and therefore behavior, is similar to attraction to art, religion, philosophy. The deep spiritual preparedness need here and need of a person who is difficult to present within microgroups, and only in individual conscious individuals. At the mass level, the only way out is fashion, style, hobby. “To be healthy is fashionable” - such a declarative slogan was heard in many countries, but it cannot be said that the involvement in mass physical culture, hygiene and sports, increased valeological consciousness and reduced the disease level among the population.

Expand and deepening of detailed researches into the problems of training future primary teachers in physical education is very necessary under modern conditions. Scientists pay special attention to the creation and introduction of active methods of study, the skilful use of which would contribute to increasing efficiency in the acquisition by students of professional knowledge, skills in the organization of physical education process of pupils. Physical culture lessons in their modern format are insufficient in themselves to maintain health of children, because they are often carried out unskilled, uninteresting, which creates an additional study load, negative attitude of pupils to school physical culture is produced as a kind of secondary educational subject. There is a hopeless situation under such conditions, at first sight. Therefore, the way out of the situation that now has developed is to review fundamentally tasks, essence, functions, forms and technological foundations of physical education at school. First of all, it is necessary to go beyond the traditional perception of physical culture as means of conducting only appropriate lessons. Physical culture should be considered a key component of human culture and not only as the development of individual physical qualities of the body, as universal means and prerequisite for the formation of all qualities of the individual - ethical, emotionally and strong-willed, intellectual and creative, permissive-entertainment, spiritual in general. The activity components of the organizer of sports and mass work at primary school, listed in the research, are interconnected, constitute the main content of the structure of his abilities, although they are constantly improved in the processes of their manifestation. Also our observations convince that each individual teacher is most often dominated by some one of the components just named. One teacher is well produced with organizational tasks, another with Gnostic, and another with communicative tasks. This is the individual style of activity and the development level of his pedagogical abilities.

Until now, higher educational institutions trained pedagogical personnel for work in the field of physical education and in the field of sports training, which was implemented in the systems of training of sports reserves and sports of the highest achievements. Drawing attention that many components of sports training are used to improve the quality of physical education, there is a need to adjust training programs for comprehensive schools. The solution of this task actually deserves much more attention than it did before. Sports and mass work at primary school is an important link in physical education of pupils. It is organized and carried out in accordance with the general purpose and tasks of physical education because of which and contributes to the systematic development of physical and mental properties of the personality of junior pupils. As well as lessons of physical culture and organized physical exercises in the mode of the day, sports and mass work has its own specific tasks, therefore, it is filled with concrete content, performs important functions in the system of physical education of junior pupils. With the help of different forms of sports and mass work, tasks are most unleashed to meet the needs of junior pupils for regular physical improvement classes in the desire to discover their physical potential in competitions. The shortcomings in the content of education are reflected in the method of vocational training in physical education of future primary school teachers: the educational material doesn’t fully reflect needs of a school; elements of pedagogical skills are formed outside the structure of pedagogical activity ("on their students"). Therefore, a future teacher is good at learning individual subjects, but it isn’t easy for him to use his knowledge in pedagogical work. For this reason, he loses interest in theoretical training, and his follow-up often leads to mechanical practice.

Fetal and child development are shaped by early life exposures, including maternal health states, nutrition and educational and home environments. We aimed to determine if suboptimal pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI; underweight, overweight, obese) would associate with poorer cognitive outcomes in children, and whether early life nutritional, educational and home environments modify these relationships. Self-reported data were obtained from mother-infant dyads from the pan-Canadian prospective Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals cohort. Relationships between potential risk factors (pre-pregnancy maternal BMI, breastfeeding practices and Home Observation Measurement of the Environment [HOME] score) and child cognitive development at age three (Weschler’s Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Third Edition scale and its subcategories) were each evaluated using analysis of variance, multivariable regression models and moderating analyses. Amongst the 528 mother−child dyads, increasing maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was negatively associated with scores for child full-scale IQ (β [95% CI]; −2.01 [−3.43, −0.59], p = 0.006), verbal composite (−1.93 [−3.33, −0.53], p = 0.007), and information scale (−0.41 [−0.70, −0.14], p = 0.003) scores. Higher maternal education level or HOME score attenuated the negative association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child cognitive outcome by 30%–41% and 7%–22%, respectively, and accounted for approximately 5%–10% greater variation in male children’s cognitive scores compared to females. Maternal education and higher quality home environment buffer the negative effect of elevated maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on child cognitive outcomes. Findings suggest that relationships between maternal, social and environmental factors must be considered to reveal pathways that shape risk for, and resiliency against, suboptimal cognitive outcomes in early life.

The need for R&D of social workers was due to the development of theoretical and methodological approaches and concepts of social work, the application of which involved the use of specific research tools. It is substantiated that the research subsystem of social work can be represented in the form of a model of the research environment, which reflects the relationship of three components: the social problem, methods of its research and tools for solving. The dialectical nature of social work, as well as the dynamic conditions in which it is carried out, determine a set of socio-economic, managerial and pedagogical factors that actualize the need for research in the social field. It is substantiated that R&D today is an integral element of professional social practice and is implemented both in the process of working with different categories of clients and in administrative and managerial activities. R&D provides adequate social order development of targeted comprehensive programs, projects and technologies of social protection, design and implementation of models of social institutions and services. As a result of a comprehensive study of the problem, the essential characteristics of R&D were clarified, which means the activity of obtaining new scientifically based knowledge aimed at purposeful change of social reality, which is realized in a logical sequence through the use of appropriate forms and methods of scientific knowledge. It is proved that R&D in the system of social work is realized at three levels (reflexive-theoretical, experimental-theoretical and research), each of which involves step-by-step actions (problem definition; hypothesis formulation, choice of research methods and tools; implementation of research plan; evaluation of results) and the use of appropriate research methods.

Modern tendencies of European integration and progressive development of the world community, recognition of a foreign language as a guarantor of the formation of human culture, expansion of intercultural interaction in the educational sphere, strengthening of the worldview, intellectual and communicative functions of a foreign language, review and accentuation of the sub- objective tasks of foreign language education to master the culture of another country through the language of its native speakers – all these have identified the urgent need to overcome methodology, content and technological support of foreign language education, theoretical reasoning of basic concepts and categories in this area. The solution of this problem poses special demands to the quality of pedagogical education, as it is the teacher of the humanitarian specialties who determines the effectiveness of the preparation of youth for intercultural communication in the educational field. One of the possible ways of solving this problem is critical over thinking and creative usage of the historical experience of developing foreign language education of future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine since the mid-XX till the beginning of the XXI century. The peculiarities and significance of this period in Ukraine are determined by the important transformation processes in the professional preparation of future teachers of humanitarian specialties and pedagogical education in general, as the European integration processes in education have intensified the reformation of foreign language education, the development of conceptually new approaches to its practical implementation. Historiographical analysis gives reasons to confirm that scientific and pedagogical sources have accumulated information on various aspects of the development of foreign language education for future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine in historical retrospective. However, the information which is provided in these studies does not systematically cover the dynamics, stages, and major trends of solving the problem of the development of foreign language education of future teachers of humanitarian specialties at pedagogical universities of Ukraine (mid-XX - early XXI century).

Considering the crisis phenomena in the Ukrainian society the need in forming the value attitude towards another person grows. This problem is particularly acute in boarding schools, where orphans who are deprived of parental care and social orphans study. Early negative life experience is the reason for negative attitude towards people, which in adulthood can be at different types of deviation: disregard of moral rules of behavior, difficulties of communication with other people, etc. European integration changes in Ukraine encourage the introduction of a humanist approach in boarding schools and the rejection of a decision-making (authoritarian) style of child-rearing, the creation of appropriate conditions for which each child would feel significant, unique not only for himself or herself, but also for others. The United Nations Declaration on the Promotion among Youth of the Ideals of Peace, Mutual Respect and Understanding between Peoples lays the foundations for the value-based attitude towards a human being, in particular young people, who suffer many trials, in the form of wars, migrations, etc. Based on the fact that it is young people who are the engine of progress, change and transformation in any society much attention is paid to its upbringing. The scientific research shows that the value attitude towards another person is an important characteristic of the moral sphere of the individual and is most confirmed by humanistic ethics and morality and is the basis of domestic and international legislation, which needs close attention and development of optimal pedagogical conditions for forming the value attitude towards another person at teenagers of boarding schools, as the most impressionable category of children with a view to their socialization and full integration into society.

The development of the Ukrainian democratic state requires the creation of a qualitatively new national education system in order to ensure revival of intellectual and spiritual potential of the Ukrainian people. Teacher’s personality formation in this aspect is a complex multifaceted process. Education is one of the main problems of theory and practice of pedagogical education. Pedagogical activity in the field of pupils’ physical education is a specific form of activity aimed at the realization by elementary school teacher as constructive, communicative, organizational and cognitive functions of his professional activity. Elementary school teacher’s pedagogical work is characterized by a variety of professional responsibilities, which every teacher must be able to perform in a qualified manner. It demands from a teacher of high focus on the qualitative solution of pedagogical tasks (improving, educational, and educative) in physical education of pupils and also ethical communication with pupils, colleagues on service, parents of pupils. Pedagogical work of physical culture teacher at elementary school in consists in ability to realize aims, to unleash tasks on physical education of pupils. General and aged tasks of physical education are highlighted. General tasks of physical education, such as "strengthening of pupils’ health", "versatile physical development" "hardening of pupils" pass through the whole process of physical education from the 1st to the 4th grade. Pedagogical technology of elementary school teacher reflects tactics of implementation for educational technologies, is based on knowledge of the regularities of functioning the system "teacher - environment - student" in certain conditions of study (individual, group, collective, mass, etc.). Common features and patterns of implementation for the educational process regardless of the specific educational discipline is inherent it. A teacher turns into a public figure responsible for each student during all years of his work at school, having realized the main directions of professional work - study, upbringing and development of pupils, ensuring diverse physical development of a child.

Pedagogical skill is a component both of general professional training of a teacher of any profession and a high degree of his sectoral competence (pedagogical skills of a verbal teacher, a teacher of fine arts, a teacher of physical culture, etc.). Purpose of the article is to theoretical foundation of the dynamics of pedagogical skill development and interaction of factors of its formation. Methods of the research: theoretical - analysis and synthesis of literary sources, comparisons, systematization, generalization, abstraction, hypothetical-deductive, individualization, classification, analogy. A qualitative triad "activity - skill - art is in cultural studies, theory of creativity and including pedagogy". Extrapolating to the didactic plane of IHE, it is possible to formulate it in such way "ability - skills - study - the planned realization (activity) – plan-situational (improvisational-regulated) activity or skill". That is, the main difference between straight - a student and a student who owns pedagogical skills is that the first in his production practice approaches the solution of pedagogical situations more instructively, standardized, while the other - situational, intuitive and more creative. The general conclusion regarding the subsoil for the highest level of pedagogical skill is as follows: if a future teacher of physical culture perfectly assimilates, reproduces and uses in practice pedagogical, sports, achievements, but doesn’t include his personality in the cognitive and creative process, he discovers a high level of pedagogical activity, while the student, adding to the above his own view, experience, interpretation, creativity in solving pedagogical problems, which increases the efficiency of the pedagogical process, fully embodies pedagogical skill.

Physical education is of paramount importance and one of the main links in the prevention of the diseases of the third millennium during the heyday of a post-industrial society, increasing volumes of information and decreased physical activity as a result of developming infrastructure, transport links and service networks. On the other hand, all of the above factors, and especially the informational ones, put new demands on physical education teachers, who can no longer be a mere transmitter of knowledge, must meet the today’s requirements and be knowledgeable in many fields related to pedagogy (computer science, psychology, sociology, ecology). Noawadays, an important issue of Ukrainian higher education institutions is the search for optimal ways to establish a system of values, professionally significant qualities of teachers who are proactive, independent, mobil and ready for constant professional development and self-improvement. Therefore, an inherent feature of a teacher’s professionalism is his or her pedagogical skills. The development of pedagogical skills becomes rather essential for training future physical education teachers, who are creative, open-minded and can interest pupil and motivate them towards learning. Pedagogical skills of future physical education teachers imply the ability to organize physical training based on the principles of humanism, dialogue and cooperation. Indeed, pedagogical skills of these specialists integrate socio-cultural, intellectual, moral potential of pupils and teachers. Modern scholars about the heightened requirements for physical education teachers, as well as the expansion of their professional activitie. In turn, it prioritizes thir professional efficiency, “The very practice of physical culture, sport, tourism, recreation and rehabilitation puts the requirements for graduates from physical education institutions. The role of culture, intellect, professionalism and erudition of specialists is increasing, given the competition between many small enterprises, associations, clubs and state institutions in the struggle for social and state order (O. Ihnatiev). The researcher believes that professional skills are the main criteria for overcoming these obstacles and requirements.

The disadvantage of a medical approach to health lies in some traditional factors. First, doctors clearly distinguish between healthy and ill people (patients) and are ordinarily reluctant to deal with transitory conditions. In Ukraine, health improvement is primarily related to medical intervention and rarely to psychological, sociological or physical education. In addition, doctors do not take into account the wide variety of factors affecting humans, especially internal ones, and focus mainly on physical, environmental and biological causes of pathologies. However, a valeological approach to health includes medical, biological, psychological and social factors. Most importantly, it elaborates a philosophy of health, which allows one to improve it at all levels of human activity. Thus, health is seen as a personal matter rather than the object of medical research. The ontological basis of valeology connects it with other social and even global aspects of humanity, including spiritual and creative development, prevention of violence, protection of rights and freedoms, which, taken together, imply developing humanism in the broad sense. The justification of valeology-oriented learning and life is somewhat complicated since health is acknowledged as a value in case of its loss or threat to it. The main task of the teacher is to overcome valeological factors which negatively affect the consciousness supporting health preservation and promotion. In addition, there is a new stereotype among the general population that doctors are “unprofitable” for the patient to heal: financially, medicine seems to be interested in maintaining long-term, process-oriented, rather than result-oriented therapy. The ontological basis of valeology connects it with other, social and even global aspects of humanity.

Statistical data obtained by doctors, valeologists and teachers, indicate a significant decrease in motor activity of pupils, especially adolescents and young people (high school pupils and students in Years 1-3). The main reason, oddly enough, is technology: most young people spend their free time using electronic gadgets, including activity boosters (computer games, social networks, electronic exchanges). At present, pre-therapeutic propaedeutic “diagnoses” include hypodynamia, hypokinesia, passivity, which lead to the atrophy of the body’s adaptive functions and, consequently, to poor socialization, immunity, physical fitness, reproductive power. So far as is known, hypokinesia or hypodynamia is the cause of weak body's functionality, including atrophy, underdevelopment or decline of physiological systems of the body (respiratory, circulatory, musculoskeletal and, as a result, mental, creative, self- determining). One should pay particular attention to the theoretical aspects of teacher training in the field of physical education to be able to solve the problems mentioned above. Although some of these aspects are entirely individual and even intimate, the student (future teacher) must be able to acknowledge the fact of observing / not observing daily routine. The vegetative needs of the body invariably influence the individual’s emotional and motivational sphere, given that professional competencies are rather well-developed. Integrated lessons and lectures on physical culture of global spiritual experience can contribute to forming an ideological component of valeology. According to Christian and many other religious philosophies, physical health is not the main factor in well- being. When caring about only physical fitness, the individual can negatively affect his or her spiritual health. At the level of pedagogical worldview, it is necessary to recognize and fully implement the idea of equivalence of spiritual and physical health. At the same time, the first component is more critical at the nosological stage and is the driving force in solving the first destructive physiological changes.

First, there is a problem with valeological education of teachers, rather than that of students. Indeed, even a primary school teacher deals with well-developed hygienic and valeological personalities of their pupils (it is a fact that children under three years old already acquire about 50% of essential life experience). The problem about the influence of higher education on future teachers’ valeological intentions is reduced to predicting and evaluating the effectiveness of such influence at each educational stage. Academician Amosov proved by his example that health is a phenomenon on the verge of medicine and personal activity. He indicated, “It takes one constant and great efforts to be healthy. They cannot be replaced”. He also demonstrated an optimal unity of therapeutic, valeological and personal physical activity. Being a doctor, Amosov did not attribute the concept of health to therapeutic practice. In his “Reflections on Health”, he stated, “Do not rely on medicine. It treats many diseases well, but it cannot make a person healthy. It cannot teach a person how to become healthy. Moreover, beware of doctors’ influence. Sometimes they tend to exaggerate human weaknesses and the power of their science. They also create imaginary diseases in people and prescribe medicines, which they, themselves, cannot afford to buy. “Life is motion”. Such a behavioural and ideological axiom has been recognized in all the history of humanity. Thus, the implementation of a valeological component in secondary school and, even more so, in teacher training during physical education lessons is impossible without the practical realization of this aspect. Its implementation, unfortunately, implies obtaining secondary education covering primary and high school: younger pupils do not mind some motor activity, whereas adolescents and young people are not very much interested in it. On the other hand, a wide range of educational subjects in middle and high school does not allow teachers to promote physical activity among pupils.

The article deals with the phenomenon of digital divide in the education in Canada. The domestic and foreign scientific and educational publications have been studied and analyzed. It has been found out that traditional means for training pedagogical specialists are gradually losing their relevance due to lack of educational dialogue between a teacher and a student. Information and communication technologies have entered today’s youth everyday life and become an essential means of communication, receiving and transmitting information. Based on the source study, the essence and reasons of digital divide have been revealed. Canadian researchers consider that it is possible to overcome this problem by revising the approach to teacher training which will focus on the forming of future teachers’ information and communication competence. Various definitions of the terms “information competence”, “ICT competence”, “digital literacy”, “e-literacy” have been described. The model of ICT competence, its structure and the process of its integration into education have been analyzed. The examples of forming future teachers’ ICT competence in universities of Canada have been given. It has been revealed that the problem of effective ICT implementation into educational activities is in the range of many Canadian studies, but in fact the phenomenon of digital divide in education is still topical due to insufficient activity of teachers of pedagogical faculties and students’ ignoring the problem. A number of studies have been examined, the authors of which give practical recommendations aimed at enhancing the role of new technologies in teacher training in Canada.

This article presents the research results of various types of violence against female providing sexual services for a fee, highlights the main source of this violence and vulnerabilities of women to HIV infection, and infections that are sexually transmitted.