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1. ПОИСК НЕЙТРИНО УЛЬТРАВЫСОКИХ ЭНЕРГИЙ ПО ДАННЫМ НАЗЕМНОЙ РЕШЕТКИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА TELESCOPE ARRAY

Author: Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Kenta Yashiro, Yasunori Saito, M. Abe, O. Kalashev, Jonathan Smith, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Federico R. Urban, Yuichiro Tameda, H. Oda, Akimichi Taketa, T. Suzawa, Naoaki Hayashida, Shingo Kawana, Yasuhiro H. Takahashi, John N. Matthews, Isaac Myers, Vladim Kuzmin, William Hanlon, Elliott Barcikowski, Seok Ho Jeong, K. Nagasawa, B. G. Cheon, Hidemi Ito, Fumiya Shibata, Zach Zundel, J. Yang, S. Kitamura, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, R. Sahara, John Belz, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Fumio Kakimoto, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Toshitsugu Fujii, Daisuke Ikeda, R. Ishimori, Yuta Tanoue, D. R. Bergman, S. R. Stratton, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Tiffany Wong, Hideki Tanaka, K. Kadota, Inkyu Park, Motoki Hayashi, Hisono Tokuno, T. K. Sako, J. P. Lundquist, D. C. Rodriguez, Ben Stokes, Toru Nakamura, K. Yamazaki, Hongsu Kim, S. B. Thomas, Masahiro Fukushima, S. Kawakami, K. Hibino, Pierre Sokolsky, Ryo Nakamura, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, T.-A. Shibata, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Keitaro Fujita, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Y. Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Kohei Yada, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Kazuo Saito, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Mayuko Minamino, Michiyuki Chikawa, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, Grigory Rubtsov, Masaaki Tanaka, Kalen Martens, M. Takita, H. Yoshii, Bokkyun Shin, Koichi Sekino, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Maxim Pshirkov, Jyunsei Chiba, P. Tinyakov, Dongsu Ryu, Y. Omura, Mai Takamura, Y. Takagi, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Priti Shah, Ryuji Takeishi, J. Ogura, M. Allen, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Masaomi Ono, K. Tsutsumi, Rasha Abbasi, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, L. M. Scott, Y. Hayashi, K. Kawata, M. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, A. Di Matteo, Ryota Fujiwara, R. Mayta, Heungsu Shin, Naoto Sakaki, Shigeharu Udo, R. Azuma, H. Kawai, T. Seki, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, and Sergey Troitsky
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Published: 2020

2. Study on the cosmic ray intensity variation using scintillation counters for air shower observation

Author: Ryuji Takeishi, Daiki Shinto, Priti Shah, Michiyuki Chikawa, Ryo Nakamura, Shingo Kawana, Rasha Abbasi, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Takashi Sako, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Kinya Hibino, William Hanlon, Sergey Troitsky, Fumiya Shibata, Saori Kasami, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Aoi Iwasaki, Taka Tomida, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Fugo Yoshida, J. Remington, Ben Stokes, Min Hyo Kim, Koki Sato, Zach Zundel, Matt Potts, Kenta Yashiro, Hirokazu Iwakura, Kengo Sano, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Y. Takagi, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Vladim Kuzmin, Hideki Tanaka, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Keitaro Fujita, Shigeharu Udo, Hisono Tokuno, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, Naoaki Hayashida, Tatsunobu Shibata, H. Oda, Ivan Kharuk, Ryuhei Arimura, S. Kawakami, Stanton Thomas, Akitoshi Oshima, Ryota Fujiwara, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ryo Higuchi, Shunsuke Ozawa, Yuta Tanoue, Ricardo Gonzalez, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Naoto Sakaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, Pierre Sokolsky, Yuya Oku, Arata Nakazawa, Katsumasa Kawata, Charlie Jui, Motoki Hayashi, Shigehiro Nagataki, Oleg Kalashev, Tiffany Wong, Samuel Blake, Hirotaka Ito, Shoichi Ogio, Yana Zhezher, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Kei Nakai, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Sang Woo Kim, Masaki Fukushima, Fumio Kakimoto, M. Yamamoto, Yuichiro Tameda, Heungsu Shin, Mayuko Minamino, K. Yamazaki, Kozo Fujisue, Jeremy Smith, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, John Matthews, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Koichi Tanaka, J. Yang, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yukio Uchihori, Toru Nakamura, Koichi Sekino, Jon Paul Lundquist, Kenichi Kadota, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Nishio, P. Tinyakov, Il Hung Park, Masato Takita, Ryota Fukushima, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Maxim Pshirkov, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Yuto Arai, Isaac Myers, Hideyuki Kawai, Yuma Shibasaki, R. Mayta, Douglas Bergman, Grigory Rubtsov, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, R. Sahara, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, Yasunori Saito, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Takafumi Uehama, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, Telescope Array, Shoichi Kishigami, Masaomi Ono, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, ByongGu Cheon, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Hideyuki Ohoka, Yusuke Kimura, Toshio Matsuyama, Manobu Tanaka, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Toshihiro Fujii, Yuto Kubota, Y. Nakamura, and Kohei Yada
Subjects: Physics, Air shower, Scintillation counter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Variation (astronomy), Intensity (heat transfer)
Published: 2021

3. Anisotropy search in the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Spectrum in the Northern Hemisphere using latest data obtained with Telescope Array surface detector

Author: Grigory Rubtsov, John Matthews, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, J. Yang, Fumiya Shibata, Shingo Kawana, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Matt Potts, William Hanlon, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Fugo Yoshida, Yuma Shibasaki, ByongGu Cheon, Ben Stokes, Douglas Bergman, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Toshihiro Fujii, Koki Sato, Yasunori Saito, M. Yamamoto, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Ryuhei Arimura, Hideyuki Ohoka, Yuto Kubota, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Kengo Sano, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Heungsu Shin, Ivan Kharuk, Yukio Uchihori, Keitaro Fujita, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Hirotaka Ito, Sergey Troitsky, Yuto Arai, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Maxim Pshirkov, Takeshi Okuda, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Igor Tkachev, R. Mayta, Hideki Tanaka, Naohiro Sone, Ryosuke Tsuda, Tiffany Wong, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Masaki Fukushima, Takafumi Uehama, Aoi Iwasaki, Daiki Shinto, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Shoichi Kishigami, Soomin Jeong, Shigeharu Udo, Eiji Kido, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Takashi Sako, Ryo Higuchi, Hisono Tokuno, H. Oda, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Priti Shah, Ryo Nakamura, Robert Cady, Kazuhiro Machida, Masahiro Takeda, Pierre Sokolsky, Naoaki Hayashida, Ken Honda, Tatsunobu Shibata, T. Seki, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, R. Sahara, Fumio Kakimoto, Naoya Inoue, Akitoshi Oshima, Vladim Kuzmin, Ryuji Takeishi, Ryota Fukushima, Shigehiro Nagataki, Shunsuke Ozawa, K. Yamazaki, Masaomi Ono, Elliott Barcikowski, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Saori Kasami, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Zach Zundel, Yana Zhezher, Kenta Yashiro, Dmitri Ivanov, D. C. Rodriguez, Ricardo Gonzalez, Samuel Blake, Sang Woo Kim, Kinya Hibino, Shoichi Ogio, Keijiro Mukai, HangBae Kim, Yusuke Kimura, Rasha Abbasi, Koichi Tanaka, Yuya Oku, Michiyuki Chikawa, Jon Paul Lundquist, Katsuaki Kasahara, Stanton Thomas, Katsumasa Kawata, Oleg Kalashev, Yuichiro Tameda, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Arata Nakazawa, Masato Takita, Toru Nakamura, Telescope Array, Min Hyo Kim, Toshio Matsuyama, Kei Nakai, Ryota Fujiwara, Kenichi Kadota, Manobu Tanaka, Il Hung Park, Naoto Sakaki, S. Kawakami, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Nishio, Hideyuki Kawai, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Jeremy Smith, Isaac Myers, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Koichi Sekino, P. Tinyakov, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, and Kozo Fujisue
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Telescope, Physics, law, Detector, Northern Hemisphere, Astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Anisotropy, law.invention
Published: 2021

4. The measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and the depth of maximum shower development of Telescope Array Hybrid trigger events

Author: Katsuaki Kasahara, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Katsumasa Kawata, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, Tsubasa Yoshioka, R. Sahara, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Ryo Higuchi, Norimichi Shibata, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Jeremy Smith, Y. Omura, Vladim Kuzmin, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Akimichi Taketa, Toshio Matsuyama, Eiji Nishio, ByongGu Cheon, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hideyuki Ohoka, D. C. Rodriguez, Fumiya Shibata, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Fugo Yoshida, HangBae Kim, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ricardo Gonzalez, Pierre Sokolsky, Tatsunobu Shibata, Hideyuki Kawai, Takafumi Uehama, Manobu Tanaka, Rasha Abbasi, Takeshi Okuda, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Yuma Shibasaki, Shigehiro Nagataki, Matt Potts, Yana Zhezher, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Akitoshi Oshima, Igor Tkachev, Sang Woo Kim, Eiji Kido, Koichi Tanaka, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Kazuhiro Machida, Isaac Myers, Naohiro Sone, Shunsuke Ozawa, Hideki Tanaka, Heungsu Shin, Douglas Bergman, Gordon Thomson, Ryo Nakamura, Jon Paul Lundquist, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Yuta Tanoue, Ben Stokes, H. Oda, Grigory Rubtsov, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yasunori Saito, Yuto Arai, Motoki Hayashi, Ryota Fujiwara, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryosuke Tsuda, Hirotaka Ito, Hisono Tokuno, Elliott Barcikowski, Charlie Jui, Soomin Jeong, Naoto Sakaki, Kozo Fujisue, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, Dmitri Ivanov, Fumio Kakimoto, Arata Nakazawa, Kenta Yashiro, Kei Nakai, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, Keijiro Mukai, Min Hyo Kim, Yusuke Kimura, S. Kawakami, Stanton Thomas, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Koki Sato, Sergey Troitsky, Kengo Sano, Aoi Iwasaki, Toshihiro Fujii, Michiyuki Chikawa, Toru Nakamura, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Kenichi Kadota, Yuto Kubota, Il Hung Park, Saori Kasami, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Koichi Sekino, Naoaki Hayashida, P. Tinyakov, Ryuji Takeishi, Ryuhei Arimura, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, Takashi Sako, Zach Zundel, John Matthews, J. Yang, Daiki Shinto, Priti Shah, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Shigeharu Udo, Keitaro Fujita, Ryota Fukushima, Ivan Kharuk, M. Yamamoto, Yukio Uchihori, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, R. Mayta, Kinya Hibino, Yuichiro Tameda, Masato Takita, Shoichi Kishigami, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Masaomi Ono, Telescope Array, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, and Maxim Pshirkov
Subjects: Telescope, Physics, Shower, law, Energy spectrum, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, law.invention
Published: 2021

5. Cosmic ray energy spectrum in the 2nd knee region measured by the TALE-SD array

Author: Taka Tomida, J. Remington, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, D. C. Rodriguez, Stanton Thomas, Hideki Tanaka, HangBae Kim, Fumiya Shibata, Naoaki Hayashida, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, ByongGu Cheon, Fugo Yoshida, Michiyuki Chikawa, Pierre Sokolsky, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Isaac Myers, Maxim Pshirkov, Sang Woo Kim, Matt Potts, Telescope Array, Hisono Tokuno, Ryuhei Arimura, Vladim Kuzmin, Daiki Shinto, Toru Nakamura, Takafumi Uehama, Koichi Sekino, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Takeshi Okuda, P. Tinyakov, Heungsu Shin, R. Sahara, Aoi Iwasaki, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Kenichi Kadota, Priti Shah, Daisuke Ikeda, Igor Tkachev, Il Hung Park, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hideyuki Ohoka, Shoichi Kishigami, Rasha Abbasi, Masahiro Takeda, Naohiro Sone, Arata Nakazawa, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Ricardo Gonzalez, Tiffany Wong, Eiji Kido, Kei Nakai, Ben Stokes, Kazuhiro Machida, Masaki Fukushima, Ken Honda, H. Oda, Katsuaki Kasahara, Masaomi Ono, Yuto Arai, Toshihiro Fujii, Jyunsei Chiba, Katsumasa Kawata, Takashi Sako, Charlie Jui, Yuta Tanoue, Dongsu Ryu, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Motoki Hayashi, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Kenta Yashiro, Yuto Kubota, Saori Kasami, Kozo Fujisue, Tsubasa Yoshioka, John Matthews, Hirokazu Iwakura, Shingo Kawana, Y. Takagi, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, Yasunori Saito, Zach Zundel, J. Yang, William Hanlon, Fumio Kakimoto, Grigory Rubtsov, Ryuji Takeishi, Tatsunobu Shibata, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, T. Seki, Akitoshi Oshima, Yuya Oku, M. Ohnishi, Ryota Fujiwara, Taichi Inadomi, Y. Nakamura, Oleg Kalashev, Kohei Yada, Keitaro Fujita, Shunsuke Ozawa, Koki Sato, Yuichiro Tameda, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Naoto Sakaki, Naoya Inoue, Kengo Sano, Ryota Fukushima, Hirotaka Ito, Youngjoon Kwon, Ivan Kharuk, Masato Takita, John Belz, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Yusuke Kimura, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Kinya Hibino, Ryo Higuchi, Toshio Matsuyama, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Manobu Tanaka, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Akimichi Taketa, Robert Cady, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Eiji Nishio, M. Yamamoto, Yukio Uchihori, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, R. Mayta, Shigeharu Udo, Hideyuki Kawai, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Ryo Nakamura, Jeremy Smith, Yuma Shibasaki, Min Hyo Kim, Douglas Bergman, S. Kawakami, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Koichi Tanaka, Jon Paul Lundquist, and Sergey Troitsky
Subjects: Physics, Energy spectrum, Cosmic ray, Knee region, Astrophysics
Published: 2021

6. Cosmic Ray Composition between 2 PeV and 2 EeV measured by the TALE Fluorescence Detector

Author: Shigeharu Udo, Daiki Shinto, Fumiya Shibata, Priti Shah, Stanton Thomas, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, Matt Potts, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Ryo Nakamura, Youngjoon Kwon, Vladim Kuzmin, John Belz, Telescope Array, Yasunori Saito, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, Tatsunobu Shibata, ByongGu Cheon, Saori Kasami, M. Yamamoto, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, Fumio Kakimoto, John N. Matthews, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yukio Uchihori, J. P. Lundquist, Akitoshi Oshima, Hideyuki Ohoka, Michiyuki Chikawa, Toru Nakamura, Fugo Yoshida, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Keitaro Fujita, Kozo Fujisue, Hideki Tanaka, Shunsuke Ozawa, Jeremy Smith, Kenichi Kadota, Il Hung Park, H. Oda, Takashi Sako, Charlie Jui, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, R. Mayta, Shoichi Kishigami, Akimichi Taketa, Gordon Thomson, Hisono Tokuno, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Takafumi Uehama, Ryota Fujiwara, Eiji Nishio, Sergey Troitsky, Kinya Hibino, Min Hyo Kim, Masaomi Ono, Maxim Pshirkov, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Pierre Sokolsky, Taka Tomida, Shingo Kawana, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, J. Remington, Naoto Sakaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Yuto Kubota, Zach Zundel, Ben Stokes, William Hanlon, Sang Woo Kim, Koki Sato, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Hideyuki Kawai, Yuma Shibasaki, Ryuhei Arimura, Katsumasa Kawata, J. Yang, Koichi Sekino, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Naoaki Hayashida, Kengo Sano, P. Tinyakov, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Y. Nakamura, Douglas Bergman, Kohei Yada, S. Kawakami, Kenta Yashiro, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Tiffany Wong, Heungsu Shin, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Masaki Fukushima, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ricardo Gonzalez, Yuichiro Tameda, Yuto Arai, Koichi Tanaka, Rasha Abbasi, T. Fujii, Masato Takita, Toshio Matsuyama, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Manobu Tanaka, Yusuke Kimura, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, Arata Nakazawa, Kei Nakai, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Isaac Myers, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Ryo Higuchi, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Grigory Rubtsov, Hirotaka Ito, Aoi Iwasaki, Ivan Kharuk, Ryuji Takeishi, R. Sahara, Ryota Fukushima, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Hirokazu Iwakura, and Y. Takagi
Subjects: Physics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Fluorescence spectroscopy
Published: 2021

7. The status of the TALE surface detector array and TALE infill project

Author: Takashi Sako, Zach Zundel, Shigeharu Udo, Kenta Yashiro, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, Il Hung Park, Min Hyo Kim, Ryo Nakamura, Tatsunobu Shibata, R. Sahara, Noemie Globus, Elliott Barcikowski, S. Kawakami, Akitoshi Oshima, Dmitri Ivanov, Grigory Rubtsov, Fugo Yoshida, Shunsuke Ozawa, Keijiro Mukai, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Yusuke Kimura, Fumio Kakimoto, Mayuko Minamino, Saori Kasami, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Norimichi Shibata, Fumiya Shibata, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Y. Omura, D. C. Rodriguez, Matt Potts, Aoi Iwasaki, HangBae Kim, Koichi Tanaka, Jon Paul Lundquist, Ryota Fukushima, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Yuya Oku, Ryuji Takeishi, Vladim Kuzmin, Oleg Kalashev, Telescope Array, M. Yamamoto, Youngjoon Kwon, Arata Nakazawa, John Belz, Kei Nakai, Yukio Uchihori, Stanton Thomas, Yasunori Saito, Maxim Pshirkov, Michiyuki Chikawa, Ben Stokes, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Hirotaka Ito, R. Mayta, Ryuhei Arimura, Shoichi Kishigami, Pierre Sokolsky, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Hideki Tanaka, Kinya Hibino, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Masaomi Ono, Sang Woo Kim, Sergey Troitsky, Hisono Tokuno, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Rasha Abbasi, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Naoaki Hayashida, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Isaac Myers, Koki Sato, Ryo Higuchi, Toshihiro Fujii, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Ryota Fujiwara, Takafumi Uehama, ByongGu Cheon, Yuto Kubota, Eiji Kido, Naoto Sakaki, Kazuhiro Machida, Kengo Sano, Katsuaki Kasahara, K. Yamazaki, Katsumasa Kawata, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Naohiro Sone, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Hideyuki Ohoka, H. Oda, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Nishio, Ivan Kharuk, Hideyuki Kawai, Yuma Shibasaki, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Douglas Bergman, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Jeremy Smith, Toshio Matsuyama, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Manobu Tanaka, Keitaro Fujita, Daiki Shinto, Priti Shah, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, John Matthews, J. Yang, Koichi Sekino, P. Tinyakov, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Daisuke Ikeda, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, Heungsu Shin, Kozo Fujisue, Yuto Arai, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Seki, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ricardo Gonzalez, Naoya Inoue, Yuichiro Tameda, Masato Takita, Samuel Blake, and Shoichi Ogio
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Optics, business.industry, Infill, Detector array, business, Geology
Published: 2021

8. Current status and prospects of surface detector of the TAx4 experiment

Author: Katsumasa Kawata, Grigory Rubtsov, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Tatsunobu Shibata, Yuichiro Tameda, Kenta Yashiro, Akitoshi Oshima, Fugo Yoshida, Jyunsei Chiba, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, M. Yamamoto, Ryo Nakamura, Shunsuke Ozawa, Dongsu Ryu, Takashi Sako, Shingo Kawana, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, ByongGu Cheon, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, Yukio Uchihori, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Hideki Tanaka, Aoi Iwasaki, John Matthews, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, William Hanlon, Ryo Higuchi, Fumiya Shibata, J. Yang, Hisono Tokuno, Masato Takita, Akimichi Taketa, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Hideyuki Ohoka, Ryota Fujiwara, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, R. Mayta, Yuta Tanoue, Koki Sato, Eiji Nishio, Motoki Hayashi, Naoto Sakaki, Ryota Fukushima, Matt Potts, Ivan Kharuk, K. Yamazaki, Ben Stokes, Sergey Troitsky, Min Hyo Kim, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Kengo Sano, Kozo Fujisue, Zach Zundel, Kinya Hibino, Saori Kasami, Toru Nakamura, R. Sahara, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Kenichi Kadota, Il Hung Park, Hideyuki Kawai, Rasha Abbasi, Keitaro Fujita, Koichi Sekino, H. Oda, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Heungsu Shin, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ricardo Gonzalez, P. Tinyakov, S. Kawakami, Charlie Jui, Fumio Kakimoto, Yuto Arai, Naoaki Hayashida, Shigeharu Udo, Yuya Oku, Michiyuki Chikawa, Oleg Kalashev, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Jeremy Smith, Ryuhei Arimura, Daiki Shinto, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Yuma Shibasaki, Priti Shah, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Masahiro Takeda, Vladim Kuzmin, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Ken Honda, Toshio Matsuyama, Douglas Bergman, Tiffany Wong, Koichi Tanaka, Masaki Fukushima, Jon Paul Lundquist, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Yusuke Kimura, Manobu Tanaka, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Maxim Pshirkov, Gordon Thomson, Toshihiro Fujii, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Yuto Kubota, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Pierre Sokolsky, Shigehiro Nagataki, Shoichi Kishigami, Yana Zhezher, Sang Woo Kim, Masaomi Ono, Telescope Array, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Stanton Thomas, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Takafumi Uehama, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, Yasunori Saito, Isaac Myers, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Arata Nakazawa, Kei Nakai, Hirotaka Ito, Ryuji Takeishi, and Katsuaki Kasahara
Subjects: Physics, Surface (mathematics), Optics, business.industry, Detector, Current (fluid), business
Published: 2021

9. Cosmic Ray Composition in the Second Knee Region as Measured by the TALE Hybrid Detector

Author: ByongGu Cheon, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Takashi Sako, Ivan Kharuk, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Takafumi Uehama, Hideyuki Ohoka, Daiki Shinto, Priti Shah, Isaac Myers, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Telescope Array, Naohiro Sone, Eiji Kido, Fugo Yoshida, Kazuhiro Machida, Aoi Iwasaki, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, H. Oda, Zach Zundel, Yuta Tanoue, Fumiya Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Shoichi Kishigami, Ryo Higuchi, Youngjoon Kwon, Sergey Troitsky, Motoki Hayashi, Masaomi Ono, John Belz, Kozo Fujisue, Stanton Thomas, Kinya Hibino, Elliott Barcikowski, Matt Potts, Taka Tomida, Dmitri Ivanov, John Matthews, Samuel Blake, Ryuhei Arimura, J. Remington, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Koichi Sekino, Shoichi Ogio, Keijiro Mukai, J. Yang, P. Tinyakov, K. Yamazaki, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Pierre Sokolsky, Norimichi Shibata, Yuichiro Tameda, Shingo Kawana, Yusuke Kimura, Y. Omura, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Ryuji Takeishi, Daisuke Ikeda, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Koki Sato, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, William Hanlon, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Shigeharu Udo, Sang Woo Kim, D. C. Rodriguez, Kengo Sano, Tatsunobu Shibata, Tiffany Wong, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, HangBae Kim, Toshihiro Fujii, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Masato Takita, Keitaro Fujita, Yasunori Saito, Masaki Fukushima, Akitoshi Oshima, Yuto Kubota, Vladim Kuzmin, Kenta Yashiro, Grigory Rubtsov, Shunsuke Ozawa, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Manobu Tanaka, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Koichi Tanaka, Ryosuke Tsuda, Fumio Kakimoto, Ben Stokes, Ryota Fukushima, Naoaki Hayashida, M. Yamamoto, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Soomin Jeong, Michiyuki Chikawa, R. Sahara, Jon Paul Lundquist, Federico R. Urban, Arata Nakazawa, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Yukio Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Ricardo Gonzalez, Maxim Pshirkov, Toshio Matsuyama, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, R. Mayta, Hirotaka Ito, Min Hyo Kim, S. Kawakami, Heungsu Shin, Yuto Arai, Saori Kasami, Ryo Nakamura, Hideki Tanaka, Hisono Tokuno, Yuma Shibasaki, Douglas Bergman, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Nishio, Yuya Oku, Hideyuki Kawai, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Oleg Kalashev, Jeremy Smith, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, Il Hung Park, Ryota Fujiwara, Naoto Sakaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, Katsumasa Kawata, Tsubasa Yoshioka, and Rasha Abbasi
Subjects: Physics, Detector, Cosmic ray, Knee region, Astrophysics, Composition (combinatorics)
Published: 2021

10. Effects of Galactic magnetic field on the UHECR anisotropy studies

Author: Tomoyuki Nakamura, Sergey Troitsky, Taka Tomida, M. Yamamoto, Fugo Yoshida, J. Remington, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Elliott Barcikowski, Stanton Thomas, Pierre Sokolsky, Yuichiro Tameda, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Dmitri Ivanov, R. Sahara, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Ryota Fujiwara, Sang Woo Kim, Yukio Uchihori, Manobu Tanaka, Ryo Higuchi, Ivan Kharuk, Keijiro Mukai, Koki Sato, ByongGu Cheon, Norimichi Shibata, Yuma Shibasaki, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Y. Omura, Keitaro Fujita, Naoto Sakaki, Aoi Iwasaki, Yusuke Kimura, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Hideyuki Ohoka, R. Mayta, Kengo Sano, Gordon Thomson, K. Yamazaki, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Kinya Hibino, Toru Nakamura, Yasunori Saito, Douglas Bergman, Naoaki Hayashida, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Min Hyo Kim, Kenichi Kadota, Michiyuki Chikawa, Rasha Abbasi, Ryosuke Tsuda, Yuta Tanoue, Naohiro Sone, Il Hung Park, Masato Takita, Soomin Jeong, John N. Matthews, Katsuaki Kasahara, H. Oda, Saori Kasami, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Motoki Hayashi, Takashi Sako, Katsumasa Kawata, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Ben Stokes, J. P. Lundquist, Arata Nakazawa, S. Kawakami, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, T. Seki, Yuto Kubota, Kozo Fujisue, Federico R. Urban, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Naoya Inoue, Vladim Kuzmin, J. Yang, Shigeharu Udo, Kei Nakai, Kenta Yashiro, T. Fujii, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Maxim Pshirkov, Takafumi Uehama, Shingo Kawana, Kazumasa Kawata, Toshio Matsuyama, Y. Nakamura, Jeremy Smith, Yuya Oku, Kohei Yada, Koichi Tanaka, Akimichi Taketa, Koichi Sekino, Hideki Tanaka, Oleg Kalashev, Eiji Kido, Tatsunobu Shibata, William Hanlon, Daiki Shinto, Eiji Nishio, Kazuhiro Machida, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Telescope Array, Zach Zundel, Akitoshi Oshima, Priti Shah, P. Tinyakov, Heungsu Shin, Fumio Kakimoto, Shunsuke Ozawa, Isaac Myers, Ryuhei Arimura, Hisono Tokuno, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Ryuji Takeishi, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Hideyuki Kawai, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Tiffany Wong, Samuel Blake, Masaki Fukushima, Shoichi Ogio, Yuto Arai, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Shoichi Kishigami, Ricardo Gonzalez, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Masaomi Ono, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Grigory Rubtsov, Ryota Fukushima, Hirotaka Ito, Ryo Nakamura, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, Fumiya Shibata, and Matt Potts
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics, Anisotropy, Magnetic field
Published: 2021

11. Mass composition of Telescope Array's surface detectors events using deep learning

Author: Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Fumiya Shibata, Ryuji Takeishi, Ryo Higuchi, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Hideyuki Ohoka, Ryo Nakamura, Rasha Abbasi, Daiki Shinto, Ryuhei Arimura, Koichi Tanaka, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Michiyuki Chikawa, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, Matt Potts, Yuma Shibasaki, Priti Shah, Jon Paul Lundquist, K. Yamazaki, Pierre Sokolsky, Katsuaki Kasahara, Katsumasa Kawata, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Fugo Yoshida, Masahiro Takeda, Takashi Sako, Ken Honda, Zach Zundel, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Ben Stokes, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Kenta Yashiro, Sergey Troitsky, R. Sahara, Douglas Bergman, Sang Woo Kim, Taka Tomida, Shingo Kawana, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, J. Remington, Mayuko Minamino, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Min Hyo Kim, Shinnosuke Kurisu, William Hanlon, Ryota Fujiwara, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Monica Allen, Naoto Sakaki, Tomoyuki Nakamura, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Saori Kasami, Keijiro Mukai, Bokkyun Shin, Toshio Matsuyama, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Gordon Thomson, Ryota Fukushima, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Hirotaka Ito, Yusuke Kimura, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Naoaki Hayashida, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, S. Kawakami, D. C. Rodriguez, Keitaro Fujita, Jeremy Smith, HangBae Kim, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Akimichi Taketa, Hideki Tanaka, Stanton Thomas, Naohiro Sone, Isaac Myers, Eiji Nishio, Yuya Oku, Aoi Iwasaki, Oleg Kalashev, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Toshihiro Fujii, Hisono Tokuno, H. Oda, Jyunsei Chiba, Grigory Rubtsov, Dongsu Ryu, Manobu Tanaka, Yuto Kubota, Koichi Sekino, Takafumi Uehama, Maxim Pshirkov, Hideyuki Kawai, P. Tinyakov, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, M. Ohnishi, Y. Nakamura, Il Hung Park, Kohei Yada, Hirokazu Iwakura, Taichi Inadomi, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, Arata Nakazawa, Koki Sato, John Matthews, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Kei Nakai, Ivan Kharuk, J. Yang, Ricardo Gonzalez, Kengo Sano, Yasunori Saito, Yuta Tanoue, Fumio Kakimoto, Motoki Hayashi, Yuichiro Tameda, Kozo Fujisue, Shoichi Kishigami, Masaomi Ono, Masato Takita, Telescope Array, Shigeharu Udo, Kinya Hibino, M. Yamamoto, Yukio Uchihori, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, R. Mayta, Vladim Kuzmin, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, Heungsu Shin, Yuto Arai, Tatsunobu Shibata, Akitoshi Oshima, Shunsuke Ozawa, and ByongGu Cheon
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Telescope, Physics, Optics, business.industry, law, Deep learning, Detector, Artificial intelligence, Mass composition, business, law.invention
Published: 2021

12. FOV direction and image size calibration of Fluorescence Detector using light source on UAV

Author: Telescope Array, Yasunori Saito, Shoichi Kishigami, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Masaomi Ono, Ryo Higuchi, Ryuhei Arimura, Fugo Yoshida, Ryo Nakamura, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Charlie Jui, Min Hyo Kim, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Hideki Tanaka, Hisono Tokuno, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, John Matthews, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Heungsu Shin, Manobu Tanaka, Koki Sato, Mayuko Minamino, J. Yang, Daisuke Ikeda, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, M. Yamamoto, S. Kawakami, Kengo Sano, Sergey Troitsky, Fumio Kakimoto, Yuto Arai, Tiffany Wong, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Koichi Sekino, Stanton Thomas, Kenta Yashiro, Ryosuke Tsuda, Saori Kasami, Monica Allen, Yukio Uchihori, Masaki Fukushima, Fumiya Shibata, Ben Stokes, Toshio Matsuyama, P. Tinyakov, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Soomin Jeong, Bokkyun Shin, Pierre Sokolsky, Norimichi Shibata, Hiroyuki Sagawa, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Y. Omura, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Gordon Thomson, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, ByongGu Cheon, Matt Potts, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Keitaro Fujita, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Koichi Tanaka, Naoaki Hayashida, T. Seki, Naoya Inoue, R. Mayta, Jon Paul Lundquist, Sang Woo Kim, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Yuta Tanoue, Yuichiro Tameda, Kinya Hibino, Motoki Hayashi, Takafumi Uehama, D. C. Rodriguez, Eiji Kido, Maxim Pshirkov, Kozo Fujisue, Takeshi Okuda, Kazuhiro Machida, HangBae Kim, Hideyuki Ohoka, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, Shigeharu Udo, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Grigory Rubtsov, Tatsunobu Shibata, H. Oda, Michiyuki Chikawa, Daiki Shinto, Arata Nakazawa, Kei Nakai, Akitoshi Oshima, Priti Shah, R. Sahara, Jeremy Smith, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Nishio, Masahiro Takeda, Takashi Sako, Vladim Kuzmin, Ken Honda, Masato Takita, Shunsuke Ozawa, Isaac Myers, Hideyuki Kawai, Yuma Shibasaki, Douglas Bergman, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Zach Zundel, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Ivan Kharuk, Toru Nakamura, Elliott Barcikowski, Kenichi Kadota, Dmitri Ivanov, Il Hung Park, Keijiro Mukai, Yusuke Kimura, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, Ryota Fukushima, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Toshihiro Fujii, Yuto Kubota, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Hirotaka Ito, Rasha Abbasi, Aoi Iwasaki, Ryota Fujiwara, Naoto Sakaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, Katsumasa Kawata, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Ryuji Takeishi, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, Toshiyuki Nonaka, and Ricardo Gonzalez
Subjects: Physics, Light source, Optics, business.industry, Calibration, business, Image resolution, Fluorescence spectroscopy
Published: 2021

13. UHECR mass composition from anisotropy of their arrival directions with the Telescope Array SD

Author: Katsuaki Kasahara, Ryota Fukushima, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Katsumasa Kawata, Daiki Shinto, Naohiro Sone, ByongGu Cheon, Shoichi Kishigami, Norimichi Shibata, Manobu Tanaka, Grigory Rubtsov, Ryuhei Arimura, M. Yamamoto, H. Oda, Masaomi Ono, Priti Shah, Y. Omura, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Daisuke Ikeda, Masahiro Takeda, Tiffany Wong, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Ken Honda, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Kenta Yashiro, Gordon Thomson, Hideyuki Ohoka, Yuichiro Tameda, Yukio Uchihori, Masaki Fukushima, Hiroyuki Sagawa, R. Sahara, Charlie Jui, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Tom Stroman, Fugo Yoshida, Robert Cady, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Shingo Kawana, Ryota Fujiwara, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, William Hanlon, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, R. Mayta, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Koichi Tanaka, Mayuko Minamino, Vladim Kuzmin, Hideaki Shimodaira, Ivan Kharuk, Jon Paul Lundquist, Naoto Sakaki, Youngjoon Kwon, Kinya Hibino, John Belz, Ryo Nakamura, Hyoming Jeong, Michiyuki Chikawa, Keitaro Fujita, Takafumi Uehama, Saori Kasami, Fumiya Shibata, Ryo Higuchi, Yuya Oku, M. Ohnishi, Takashi Sako, Masato Takita, Eiji Kido, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Taichi Inadomi, Oleg Kalashev, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, Ricardo Gonzalez, Rasha Abbasi, Kazuhiro Machida, Toshio Matsuyama, Min Hyo Kim, Matt Potts, Koki Sato, Kengo Sano, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Hideki Tanaka, Zach Zundel, S. Kawakami, Yasunori Saito, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Shigeharu Udo, T. Seki, Toru Nakamura, Naoya Inoue, Jeremy Smith, John Matthews, J. Yang, Monica Allen, Kenichi Kadota, Hisono Tokuno, Yuta Tanoue, Akimichi Taketa, Bokkyun Shin, Eiji Nishio, Il Hung Park, Motoki Hayashi, Ben Stokes, Kozo Fujisue, Heungsu Shin, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Hideyuki Kawai, Yuma Shibasaki, Koichi Sekino, Yuto Arai, Douglas Bergman, Tatsunobu Shibata, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Akitoshi Oshima, Shunsuke Ozawa, Maxim Pshirkov, Fumio Kakimoto, Sergey Troitsky, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Naoaki Hayashida, Toshihiro Fujii, Yuto Kubota, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Yusuke Kimura, Stanton Thomas, Aoi Iwasaki, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Ryuji Takeishi, Pierre Sokolsky, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Isaac Myers, Sang Woo Kim, Hirotaka Ito, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Arata Nakazawa, and Kei Nakai
Subjects: Telescope, Physics, law, Astrophysics, Mass composition, Anisotropy, law.invention
Published: 2021

14. Analysis of TAx4 hybrid trigger and events

Author: Ivan Kharuk, Yuma Shibasaki, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Aoi Iwasaki, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Ryota Fukushima, Ryuhei Arimura, Shigeharu Udo, Fumiya Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Hideki Tanaka, Fugo Yoshida, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Sergey Troitsky, Daisuke Ikeda, Douglas Bergman, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Tiffany Wong, John Matthews, ByongGu Cheon, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Ryo Nakamura, Ryuji Takeishi, Masaki Fukushima, Hisono Tokuno, Ryosuke Tsuda, Soomin Jeong, M. Yamamoto, J. Yang, Matt Potts, Pierre Sokolsky, Min Hyo Kim, Yukio Uchihori, Naoaki Hayashida, Takashi Sako, T. Seki, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Akimichi Taketa, Naoya Inoue, Tatsunobu Shibata, Daiki Shinto, Sang Woo Kim, Eiji Nishio, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Priti Shah, Takafumi Uehama, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Saori Kasami, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Masahiro Takeda, Charlie Jui, Ken Honda, R. Mayta, S. Kawakami, Heungsu Shin, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Ryo Higuchi, Toru Nakamura, Yuta Tanoue, Mayuko Minamino, Kenichi Kadota, Zach Zundel, Akitoshi Oshima, Eiji Kido, Elliott Barcikowski, Shingo Kawana, Shoichi Kishigami, Yuto Arai, Keitaro Fujita, Motoki Hayashi, Yuichiro Tameda, Hideyuki Ohoka, Il Hung Park, Kinya Hibino, Hirotaka Ito, Toshio Matsuyama, Kazuhiro Machida, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Hideyuki Kawai, D. C. Rodriguez, Dmitri Ivanov, Vladim Kuzmin, William Hanlon, Stanton Thomas, HangBae Kim, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Kozo Fujisue, Keijiro Mukai, K. Yamazaki, Masaomi Ono, Michiyuki Chikawa, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Yusuke Kimura, Yasunori Saito, Koichi Tanaka, Grigory Rubtsov, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Jon Paul Lundquist, Koichi Sekino, Shunsuke Ozawa, Yuya Oku, P. Tinyakov, Isaac Myers, Oleg Kalashev, Masato Takita, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, R. Sahara, Telescope Array, S. W. Kim, Manobu Tanaka, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Jeremy Smith, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Ricardo Gonzalez, Ben Stokes, Samuel Blake, Toshihiro Fujii, Monica Allen, Shoichi Ogio, Yuto Kubota, Bokkyun Shin, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Federico R. Urban, Arata Nakazawa, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Kei Nakai, Youngjoon Kwon, John Belz, Rasha Abbasi, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Koki Sato, Fumio Kakimoto, Ryota Fujiwara, Kengo Sano, Naoto Sakaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, Katsumasa Kawata, Kenta Yashiro, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Maxim Pshirkov, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, and H. Oda
Published: 2021

15. Reconstruction of air shower events measured by the surface detectors of the TAx4 experiment

Author: Fugo Yoshida, Fumio Kakimoto, Norimichi Shibata, Kinya Hibino, John Matthews, J. Yang, Y. Omura, Ivan Kharuk, Toshihiro Fujii, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Yuichiro Tameda, Hideki Tanaka, Yuma Shibasaki, Yuto Kubota, Hisono Tokuno, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Katsuaki Kasahara, Koichi Tanaka, Jon Paul Lundquist, M. Yamamoto, Katsumasa Kawata, Monica Allen, Bokkyun Shin, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Takafumi Uehama, Y. Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Yukio Uchihori, Hyomin Jeong, Tatsunobu Shibata, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Michiyuki Chikawa, ByongGu Cheon, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Eiji Kido, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Kazuhiro Machida, Ryo Higuchi, Charlie Jui, Akitoshi Oshima, R. Mayta, Douglas Bergman, Keitaro Fujita, Elliott Barcikowski, Maxim Pshirkov, Manobu Tanaka, Pierre Sokolsky, Vladim Kuzmin, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Shunsuke Ozawa, Min Hyo Kim, Dmitri Ivanov, Koki Sato, Mayuko Minamino, Saori Kasami, Shigehiro Nagataki, Hideyuki Ohoka, Takashi Sako, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Keijiro Mukai, Youngjoon Kwon, Yasunori Saito, John Belz, Yana Zhezher, Sang Woo Kim, S. Kawakami, Jyunsei Chiba, Ryo Nakamura, Masato Takita, Yusuke Kimura, Daiki Shinto, Dongsu Ryu, Yuta Tanoue, Fumiya Shibata, Yuya Oku, K. H. Lee, Jihee Kim, Kengo Sano, Priti Shah, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Motoki Hayashi, Oleg Kalashev, Kenta Yashiro, Zach Zundel, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Ben Stokes, Matt Potts, Kozo Fujisue, Stanton Thomas, Gordon Thomson, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ryuhei Arimura, Ryosuke Tsuda, Akimichi Taketa, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Soomin Jeong, Ricardo Gonzalez, Federico R. Urban, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Koichi Sekino, Yoshiki Tsunesada, P. Tinyakov, Daisuke Ikeda, Eiji Nishio, T. Seki, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Ryota Fukushima, Naoya Inoue, Tiffany Wong, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Masaki Fukushima, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Shingo Kawana, Naohiro Sone, Heungsu Shin, William Hanlon, H. Oda, Il Hung Park, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Hideyuki Kawai, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Yuto Arai, Toshio Matsuyama, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Jeremy Smith, D. C. Rodriguez, Aoi Iwasaki, HangBae Kim, Ryota Fujiwara, Naoto Sakaki, Grigory Rubtsov, Rasha Abbasi, R. Sahara, Arata Nakazawa, Kei Nakai, Telescope Array, Isaac Myers, Hirotaka Ito, Ryuji Takeishi, Shoichi Kishigami, Masaomi Ono, Sergey Troitsky, Taka Tomida, J. Remington, Naoaki Hayashida, and Shigeharu Udo
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Materials science, Optics, Air shower, business.industry, Detector, business
Published: 2021

16. Observations of the Origin of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes

Author: Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Hidemi Ito, N. Inoue, Takashi Sako, D. Ikeda, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Takayuki Tomida, Toru Nakamura, Federico R. Urban, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, Fumiya Shibata, Kenichi Kadota, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Pierre Sokolsky, M. Takeda, Zach Zundel, Shigehiro Nagataki, Sergey Troitsky, Toshiyuki Nonaka, M. Byrne, Kengo Sano, R. Sahara, Matt Potts, K. H. Lee, Yasunori Saito, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ben Stokes, T.-A. Shibata, Heungsu Shin, S. B. Thomas, H. Tokuno, H. Yamaoka, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Michiyuki Chikawa, J. Remington, Y. Hayashi, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, Y. Zhezher, Yoshihiko Nakamura, Akimichi Taketa, J. D. Smith, T. Fujii, Keitaro Fujita, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vladim Kuzmin, H. Oda, K. Kawata, D. C. Rodriguez, S. Ozawa, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, S. Jeong, B. K. Shin, D. Rodeheffer, Naoaki Hayashida, B. G. Cheon, T. Matuyama, Kenta Yashiro, Mayuko Minamino, M. Allen, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Yuichiro Tameda, Isaac Myers, K. Honda, Ryota Fujiwara, John N. Matthews, John Belz, Elliott Barcikowski, K. Kasahara, Masaki Fukushima, Akitoshi Oshima, Fumio Kakimoto, Dmitri Ivanov, Naoto Sakaki, Paul R. Krehbiel, M. Yamamoto, Y. Takahashi, Keijiro Mukai, Masaomi Ono, Masato Takita, M. Wallace, K. Yamazaki, H. Kawai, Masaaki Tanaka, Nobuyuki Sakurai, S. Kawakami, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Saori Kasami, A. Di Matteo, T. Seki, Takafumi Uehama, Y. Tsunesada, Maxim Pshirkov, R. Mayta, R. LeVon, Hongsu Kim, Y. Uchihori, Eiji Kido, Kei Nakai, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, K. Sekino, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, Inkyu Park, Grigory Rubtsov, William Rison, D. R. Bergman, R. U. Abbasi, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, J. H. Kim, Y. Omura, Dongsu Ryu, Mark A. Stanley, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Ryo Nakamura, Kazuo Saito, H. Yoshii, M. Yosei, and K. Hibino
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Conjunction (astronomy), Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Electron, Radio atmospheric, 01 natural sciences, Lightning, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Electric field, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph), Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric electricity, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic-ray observatory, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: In this paper we report the first close, high-resolution observations of downward-directed terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) detected by the large-area Telescope Array cosmic ray observatory, obtained in conjunction with broadband VHF interferometer and fast electric field change measurements of the parent discharge. The results show that the TGFs occur during strong initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) in the first few milliseconds of negative cloud-to-ground and low-altitude intracloud flashes, and that the IBPs are produced by a newly-identified streamer-based discharge process called fast negative breakdown. The observations indicate the relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs) responsible for producing the TGFs are initiated by embedded spark-like transient conducting events (TCEs) within the fast streamer system, and potentially also by individual fast streamers themselves. The TCEs are inferred to be the cause of impulsive sub-pulses that are characteristic features of classic IBP sferics. Additional development of the avalanches would be facilitated by the enhanced electric field ahead of the advancing front of the fast negative breakdown. In addition to showing the nature of IBPs and their enigmatic sub-pulses, the observations also provide a possible explanation for the unsolved question of how the streamer to leader transition occurs during the initial negative breakdown, namely as a result of strong currents flowing in the final stage of successive IBPs, extending backward through both the IBP itself and the negative streamer breakdown preceding the IBP., Comment: Typo fixed and reference added. Manuscript is 36 pages. Supplemental Information is 42 pages. This paper is to be published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Online data repository: Open Science Framework DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/Z3XDA
Published: 2020

17. Search for Large-scale Anisotropy on Arrival Directions of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays Observed with the Telescope Array Experiment

Author: Takashi Sako, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Ryo Higuchi, Inkyu Park, Kenta Yashiro, R. U. Abbasi, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Azuma, Fumiya Shibata, F. Kakimoto, R. Ishimori, Daisuke Ikeda, K. Yamazaki, H. Kawai, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Masaki Fukushima, Maxim Pshirkov, Hongsu Kim, B. K. Shin, Hideki Tanaka, Toshiyuki Fujii, B. G. Cheon, T. Seki, John Belz, K. Kawata, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Akimichi Taketa, Min Hyo Kim, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Takayuki Tomida, Seok Ho Jeong, K. H. Lee, Yuta Tanoue, Masaaki Tanaka, D. C. Rodriguez, T.-A. Shibata, S. Kawakami, Motoki Hayashi, Zach Zundel, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Gordon Thomson, Ben Stokes, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, J. P. Lundquist, Shoichi Ogio, Kozo Fujisue, Hiroyuki Sagawa, M. Yamamoto, M. Yosei, Hidemi Ito, Grigory Rubtsov, Koichi Sekino, Kiyoshi Tanaka, D. R. Bergman, T. Suzawa, Y. Zhezher, Heungsu Shin, Isaac Myers, Katsuaki Kasahara, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, K. Hibino, Shoichi Kishigami, M. Allen, Sergey Troitsky, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Masaomi Ono, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Y. Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Ryota Onogi, A. Di Matteo, J. Remington, Hideyuki Ohoka, R. Mayta, Vladim Kuzmin, Ryota Fujiwara, Keitaro Fujita, Saori Kasami, Shingo Kawana, Naoto Sakaki, Naoaki Hayashida, Yoshihiko Nakamura, William Hanlon, Priti Shah, T. Okuda, J. Yang, Masato Takita, R. Sahara, Pierre Sokolsky, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, M. Abe, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, H. Tokuno, Younghoon Kwon, J. D. Smith, J. H. Kim, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Kohei Yada, Y. Omura, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, H. Oda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Taichi Inadomi, Federico R. Urban, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Kengo Sano, S. B. Thomas, Yasunori Saito, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, S. W. Kim, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, M. Chikawa, Takafumi Uehama, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, and Ryo Nakamura
Subjects: Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Auger, Computational physics, law.invention, Telescope, Dipole, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Motivated by the detection of a significant dipole structure in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays above 8 EeV reported by the Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger), we search for a large-scale anisotropy using data collected with the surface detector array of the Telescope Array Experiment (TA). With 11 years of TA data, a dipole structure in a projection of the right ascension is fitted with an amplitude of 3.3+- 1.9% and a phase of 131 +- 33 degrees. The corresponding 99% confidence-level upper limit on the amplitude is 7.3%. At the current level of statistics, the fitted result is compatible with both an isotropic distribution and the dipole structure reported by Auger., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Proofed title. Added journal reference and DOI
Published: 2020
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18. Gamma Ray Showers Observed at Ground Level in Coincidence With Downward Lightning Leaders

Author: Fumiya Shibata, R. W. Springer, Maxim Pshirkov, John Belz, Akitoshi Oshima, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Fumio Kakimoto, D. R. Bergman, Zach Zundel, K. Hibino, Koichi Sekino, K. Kasahara, Y. Tsunesada, Hideaki Shimodaira, Ryo Nakamura, R. LeVon, Hongsu Kim, Kazuo Saito, Shoichi Kishigami, Heungsu Shin, Shunsuke Ozawa, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Hidemi Ito, K. Martens, Toshitsugu Fujii, M. Yamamoto, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, G. Vasiloff, Ryuji Takeishi, Masato Takita, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Masaomi Ono, Priti Shah, Hideki Tanaka, Grigory Rubtsov, M. Ohnishi, H. Yoshii, Ryota Onogi, Ben Stokes, Daisuke Ikeda, Elliott Barcikowski, Sergey Troitsky, Masaaki Tanaka, T. Matuyama, Vladim Kuzmin, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, M. Allen, Helio Takai, Takayuki Tomida, Dmitri Ivanov, Tiffany Wong, B. G. Cheon, Keijiro Mukai, S. Jeong, Masaki Fukushima, B. K. Shin, K. Oki, Federico R. Urban, J. Remington, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Rasha Abbasi, William Rison, H. Kawai, Michiyuki Chikawa, M. Byrne, Naoaki Hayashida, S. Kawakami, Kiyoshi Tanaka, S. B. Thomas, Akimichi Taketa, Y. Hayashi, Toru Nakamura, K. Kawata, T. Seki, Kenichi Kadota, J. Lan, Igor Tkachev, R. Cady, J. P. Lundquist, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, D. Rodeheffer, Toshiyuki Nonaka, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, S. Yoshida, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Tom Stroman, Naoto Sakaki, Kenta Yashiro, D. C. Rodriguez, Isaac Myers, Inkyu Park, Y. Uchihori, H. Tokuno, K. Yamazaki, J. D. Smith, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, J. H. Kim, J. Yang, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Paul R. Krehbiel, T. Goto, Eiji Kido, Pierre Sokolsky, Kazuhiro Machida, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, R. J. Thomas, and O. Kalashev
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Radiation, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, law.invention, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Electron avalanche, law, 0103 physical sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Cosmic-ray observatory, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Lightning detection, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Lightning, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph), Satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Bursts of gamma ray showers have been observed in coincidence with downward propagating negative leaders in lightning flashes by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD). The TASD is a 700~square kilometer cosmic ray observatory located in southwestern Utah, U.S.A. In data collected between 2014 and 2016, correlated observations showing the structure and temporal development of three shower-producing flashes were obtained with a 3D lightning mapping array, and electric field change measurements were obtained for an additional seven flashes, in both cases co-located with the TASD. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) information was also used throughout. The showers arrived in a sequence of 2--5 short-duration ($\le$10~$\mu$s) bursts over time intervals of several hundred microseconds, and originated at an altitude of $\simeq$3--5 kilometers above ground level during the first 1--2 ms of downward negative leader breakdown at the beginning of cloud-to-ground lightning flashes. The shower footprints, associated waveforms and the effect of atmospheric propagation indicate that the showers consist primarily of downward-beamed gamma radiation. This has been supported by GEANT simulation studies, which indicate primary source fluxes of $\simeq$$10^{12}$--$10^{14}$ photons for $16^{\circ}$ half-angle beams. We conclude that the showers are terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), similar to those observed by satellites, but that the ground-based observations are more representative of the temporal source activity and are also more sensitive than satellite observations, which detect only the most powerful TGFs.
Published: 2018

19. The bursts of high energy events observed by the telescope array surface detector

Author: Hiroshi Yamaoka, T. Suzawa, Robert M. Anderson, Hideaki Shimodaira, Isaac Myers, M. Abe, Kenta Yashiro, T. Goto, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Maxim Pshirkov, Sergey Troitsky, A. L. Sampson, Takaaki Ishii, Kanako Yamazaki, Priti Shah, K. Tsutsumi, S. Kitamura, Fumiya Shibata, D. C. Rodriguez, Hidemi Ito, S. Kawakami, J. P. Lundquist, Keiji Saito, Igor Tkachev, R. Ishimori, John Belz, R. W. Springer, Pierre Sokolsky, Naoaki Hayashida, Akimichi Taketa, Ben Stokes, K. Oki, Koichi Sekino, H. Yoshii, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Federico R. Urban, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Michiyuki Chikawa, Hiroyuki Sagawa, R. Zollinger, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Heungsu Shin, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Ryuji Takeishi, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Uchihori, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, K. Nagasawa, S. B. Thomas, Tomohiro Matsuda, H. Kawai, Mai Takamura, T.-A. Shibata, Fumio Kakimoto, Peter Tinyakov, Gordon Thomson, K. Hibino, Samuel Blake, Byung Gu Cheon, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Shoichi Ogio, Zach Zundel, Hang Bae Kim, G. Vasiloff, L. M. Scott, J. Ogura, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, B. K. Shin, Takayuki Tomida, Masato Takita, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, Rasha Abbasi, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, M. Allen, Inkyu Park, S. R. Stratton, K. Kawata, Masaaki Tanaka, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, Douglas Bergman, Takahiro Fujii, V. Kuzmin, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, S. Yoshida, Naoto Sakaki, O. Kalashev, Toru Nakamura, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, Kenichi Kadota, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Yasunori Saito, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, R. Azuma, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Masaomi Ono, G. Rubtsov, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, J. Yang, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, J. Lan, and Toshiyuki Nonaka
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Lightning, Particle detector, law.invention, Telescope, Air shower, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, 010306 general physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Terrestrial gamma-ray flash
Abstract: The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is designed to detect air showers induced by ultra high energy cosmic rays. The TA ground Surface particle Detector (TASD) observed several short-time bursts of air shower like events. These bursts are not likely due to chance coincidence between single shower events. The expectation of chance coincidence is less than 10 − 4 for five-year's observation. We checked the correlation between these bursts of events and lightning data, and found evidence for correlations in timing and position. Some features of the burst events are similar to those of a normal cosmic ray air shower, and some are not. On this paper, we report the observed bursts of air shower like events and their correlation with lightning.
Published: 2017

20. First upper limits on the radar cross section of cosmic-ray induced extensive air showers

Author: John Belz, Eiji Kido, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Fumiya Shibata, Kazuhiro Machida, R. Ishimori, Takahiro Fujii, Helio Takai, M. Abou Bakr Othman, Maxim Pshirkov, J. H. Kim, W. R. Cho, C. Jayanthmurthy, O. Kalashev, R. W. Springer, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Charlie Jui, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, Masaaki Tanaka, G. Vasiloff, J. P. Lundquist, Toru Nakamura, Jyunsei Chiba, Kenichi Kadota, Akitoshi Oshima, Dongsu Ryu, Ryuji Takeishi, M. J. Chae, S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, K. Nagasawa, Y. Uchihori, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Fumio Kakimoto, T. Matsuyama, D. Z. Besson, M. Allen, Y. J. Kwon, Michiyuki Chikawa, Priti Shah, T. Suzawa, Hideyuki Ohoka, Isaac Myers, K. Oki, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, M. Ohnishi, Tomohiro Matsuda, S. Prohira, Masato Takita, Suresh Venkatesh, K. Yamazaki, J. Ogura, Mai Takamura, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Ahmad RezazadehReyhani, Toshiyuki Nonaka, T. Goto, S. Udo, R. Azuma, Rasha Abbasi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Pierre Sokolsky, Yuichiro Tameda, B. G. Cheon, John N. Matthews, L. M. Scott, Zach Zundel, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, Takaaki Ishii, Bokkyun Shin, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, Sergey Troitsky, Hongsu Kim, A. L. Sampson, K. Kawata, D. C. Rodriguez, V. Kuzmin, S. Kawakami, Akimichi Taketa, K. Martens, H. Kawai, S. Yoshida, Hideki Tanaka, M. Takeda, Daisuke Ikeda, M. Byrne, S. B. Thomas, S. R. Stratton, Shigehiro Nagataki, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, J. Lan, Douglas Bergman, Ross Anderson, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Kenta Yashiro, K. Tsutsumi, R. Zollinger, Naoaki Hayashida, M. Abe, S. Kunwar, Igor Tkachev, R. Cady, David Schurig, K. Hibino, H. Yoshii, Y. Tsunesada, Shunsuke Ozawa, Ben Stokes, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Federico R. Urban, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Inkyu Park, K. Kasahara, Masaomi Ono, G. Rubtsov, Takayuki Tomida, W.H. Gillman, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, J. Yang, and J. C. Hanson
Subjects: Physics, Radar cross-section, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Pulse-Doppler radar, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Continuous-wave radar, Radar engineering details, Optics, Radar astronomy, law, Radar imaging, 0103 physical sciences, Radar, Radar display, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing
Abstract: TARA (Telescope Array Radar) is a cosmic ray radar detection experiment colocated with Telescope Array, the conventional surface scintillation detector (SD) and fluorescence telescope detector (FD) near Delta, Utah, U.S.A. The TARA detector combines a 40 kW, 54.1 MHz VHF transmitter and high-gain transmitting antenna which broadcasts the radar carrier over the SD array and within the FD field of view, towards a 250 MS/s DAQ receiver. TARA has been collecting data since 2013 with the primary goal of observing the radar signatures of extensive air showers (EAS). Simulations indicate that echoes are expected to be short in duration (~10 microseconds) and exhibit rapidly changing frequency, with rates on the order of 1 MHz/microsecond. The EAS radar cross-section (RCS) is currently unknown although it is the subject of over 70 years of speculation. A novel signal search technique is described in which the expected radar echo of a particular air shower is used as a matched filter template and compared to waveforms obtained by triggering the radar DAQ using the Telescope Array fluorescence detector. No evidence for the scattering of radio frequency radiation by EAS is obtained to date. We report the first quantitative RCS upper limits using EAS that triggered the Telescope Array Fluorescence Detector., Comment: 21 pages, 30 figures
Published: 2017

21. Search for EeV protons of galactic origin

Author: R. Ishimori, R. Zollinger, Kenta Yashiro, Yasunori Saito, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, K. Nagasawa, J. Yang, Y. J. Kwon, Eiji Kido, Hideyuki Ohoka, Kazuhiro Machida, J. Lan, S. Kitamura, Masato Takita, M. Abe, Byung Gu Cheon, Hidemi Ito, John Belz, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Elliott Barcikowski, Takayuki Tomida, Igor Tkachev, R. Cady, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Ryuji Takeishi, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, K. Hibino, Ben Stokes, Inkyu Park, T. Matsuyama, L. M. Scott, S. Ozawa, Dmitri Ivanov, Keijiro Mukai, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Tomohiro Matsuda, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, Federico R. Urban, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, K. Oki, M. Ohnishi, Yasunori Kitamura, T. Goto, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kawata, M. Allen, Douglas Bergman, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Masaaki Tanaka, Sergey Troitsky, Daisuke Ikeda, Hideaki Shimodaira, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, S. R. Stratton, H. Kawai, K. Kasahara, Akitoshi Oshima, S. B. Thomas, O. Kalashev, Shoichi Kishigami, Koichi Sekino, Kanako Yamazaki, Takahiro Fujii, Tiffany Wong, Priti Shah, K. Saito, Masaki Fukushima, Masaomi Ono, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, B. K. Shin, Grigory Rubtsov, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, S. Yoshida, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, Vladim Kuzmin, H. Yoshii, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, A. H. Tirone, R. Yamane, Kiyoshi Tanaka, J. Ogura, Naoto Sakaki, Naoaki Hayashida, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Maxim Pshirkov, Shoichi Ogio, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Zach Zundel, Pierre Sokolsky, Hang Bae Kim, Akimichi Taketa, Heungsu Shin, Rasha Abbasi, M. Takeda, Fumio Kakimoto, Shigehiro Nagataki, Michiyuki Chikawa, K. Tsutsumi, R. Azuma, S. Kawakami, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Y. Uchihori, T. Suzawa, Isaac Myers, Takaaki Ishii, D. C. Rodriguez, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, and Fumiya Shibata
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Galactic anticenter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galactic plane, 01 natural sciences, Galactic tide, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Galactic corona, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Anisotropy, Longitude, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Cosmic rays in the energy range $10^{18.0}$ - $10^{18.5}$ eV are thought to have a light, probably protonic, composition. To study their origin one can search for anisotropy in their arrival directions. Extragalactic cosmic rays should be isotropic, but galactic cosmic rays of this type should be seen mostly along the galactic plane, and there should be a shortage of events coming from directions near the galactic anticenter. This is due to the fact that, under the influence of the galactic magnetic field, the transition from ballistic to diffusive behavior is well advanced, and this qualitative picture persists over the whole energy range. Guided by models of the galactic magnetic field that indicate that the enhancement along the galactic plane should have a standard deviation of about 20$^\circ$ in galactic latitude, and the deficit in the galactic anticenter direction should have a standard deviation of about 50$^\circ$ in galactic longitude, we use the data of the Telescope Array surface detector in $10^{18.0}$ to $10^{18.5}$ eV energy range to search for these effects. The data are isotropic. Neither an enhancement along the galactic plane nor a deficit in the galactic anticenter direction is found. Using these data we place an upper limit on the fraction of EeV cosmic rays of galactic origin at 1.3% at 95% confidence level.
Published: 2017

22. Search for Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos with the Telescope Array Surface Detector

Author: Koichi Sekino, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, K. Martens, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, K. Tsutsumi, John Belz, Heungsu Shin, Vladim Kuzmin, Takashi Sako, Toru Nakamura, Inkyu Park, Kenichi Kadota, Yana Zhezher, Hiroyuki Sagawa, D. R. Bergman, Maxim Pshirkov, Charlie Jui, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, K. Yamazaki, M. Abe, K. H. Lee, K. Honda, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, Yasunori Kitamura, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Toshiyuki Fujii, Ryo Nakamura, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Masaaki Tanaka, Fumiya Shibata, M. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, L. M. Scott, Hongsu Kim, Y. Hayashi, R. Ishimori, Masaki Fukushima, Kazuo Saito, Ben Stokes, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Y. J. Kwon, Akimichi Taketa, Eiji Kido, B. G. Cheon, H. Kawai, K. Kawata, Federico R. Urban, M. V. Kuznetsov, Ryota Onogi, Hideyuki Ohoka, Pierre Sokolsky, A. Di Matteo, H. Yoshii, S. Udo, Kazuhiro Machida, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, R. Mayta, T. Seki, Seok Ho Jeong, S. B. Thomas, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Oleg Kalashev, Shoichi Ogio, Priti Shah, Igor Tkachev, Zach Zundel, S. Kawakami, Fumio Kakimoto, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, K. Nagasawa, H. Oda, H. Tokuno, R. Azuma, Toshiyuki Nonaka, K. Hibino, Kenta Yashiro, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Keitaro Fujita, B. K. Shin, H. Yamaoka, Michiyuki Chikawa, Masato Takita, J. D. Smith, Sergey Troitsky, Y. Omura, J. Remington, J. H. Kim, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, Jyunsei Chiba, Keijiro Mukai, Naoaki Hayashida, Shingo Kawana, Dongsu Ryu, Y. Takagi, Yasunori Saito, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, J. Yang, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Kohei Yada, Hideki Tanaka, Takayuki Tomida, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Grigory Rubtsov, M. Allen, Masaomi Ono, R. Sahara, Ryota Fujiwara, Naoto Sakaki, Y. Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Rasha Abbasi, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, T. Suzawa, J. Ogura, Isaac Myers, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, and D. C. Rodriguez
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Observable, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Distribution function, law, 0103 physical sciences, Alternating decision tree, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, business, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present an upper limit on the flux of ultra-high-energy down-going neutrinos for $E > 10^{18}\ \mbox{eV}$ derived with the nine years of data collected by the Telescope Array surface detector (05-11-2008 -- 05-10-2017). The method is based on the multivariate analysis technique, so-called Boosted Decision Trees (BDT). Proton-neutrino classifier is built upon 16 observables related to both the properties of the shower front and the lateral distribution function., 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted to JETP
Published: 2019

23. Search for point sources of ultra-high energy photons with the Telescope Array surface detector

Author: Yasunori Saito, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Takayuki Tomida, Heungsu Shin, D. C. Rodriguez, Fumio Kakimoto, Hideki Tanaka, Hideyuki Ohoka, Pierre Sokolsky, Elliott Barcikowski, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, K. Hibino, Dmitri Ivanov, Douglas Bergman, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Keijiro Mukai, Younghoon Kwon, T. Suzawa, K. Martens, Eiji Kido, Kenta Yashiro, M. V. Kuznetsov, K. Tsutsumi, Kazuhiro Machida, K. Yamazaki, Isaac Myers, Sergey Troitsky, K. H. Lee, Grigory Rubtsov, T.-A. Shibata, Hidemi Ito, J. Remington, Gordon Thomson, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, K. Kasahara, Tom Stroman, Shoichi Kishigami, Robert Cady, Mayuko Minamino, John Belz, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Kuzmin, Maxim Pshirkov, K. Honda, J. H. Kim, Toshio Seki, Y. Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Masaaki Tanaka, Naoaki Hayashida, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Omura, Fumiya Shibata, Masaomi Ono, Toshiyuki Nonaka, R. Sahara, M. Allen, Takashi Sako, R. Ishimori, Hongsu Kim, Toru Nakamura, Kohei Yada, Igor Tkachev, Kenichi Kadota, Inkyu Park, Shingo Kawana, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, H. Oda, T. Fujii, Keitaro Fujita, Y. Takagi, Akimichi Taketa, Ben Stokes, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, N. Inoue, B. G. Cheon, H. Kawai, B. K. Shin, M. Ohnishi, Federico R. Urban, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Oleg Kalashev, William Hanlon, S. B. Thomas, S. Kawakami, T. Okuda, Rasha Abbasi, Seok Ho Jeong, J. Yang, L. M. Scott, Y. Hayashi, M. Yamamoto, Priti Shah, K. Kawata, Zach Zundel, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryota Onogi, A. Di Matteo, Daisuke Ikeda, Ryota Fujiwara, R. Mayta, S. R. Stratton, Tiffany Wong, Naoto Sakaki, R. Takeishi, Ryo Nakamura, Kazuo Saito, Masaki Fukushima, H. Yoshii, R. Azuma, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Masato Takita, H. Yamaoka, Michiyuki Chikawa, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Yuta Tanoue, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Koichi Sekino, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, and M. Abe
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Photon flux, Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Joint research, High energy photon, Science research, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Research policy, Science policy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Vice president
Abstract: The surface detector (SD) of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment allows one to indirectly detect photons with energies of order $10^{18}$ eV and higher and to separate photons from the cosmic-ray background. In this paper we present the results of a blind search for point sources of ultra-high energy (UHE) photons in the Northern sky using the TA SD data. The photon-induced extensive air showers (EAS) are separated from the hadron-induced EAS background by means of a multivariate classifier based upon 16 parameters that characterize the air shower events. No significant evidence for the photon point sources is found. The upper limits are set on the flux of photons from each particular direction in the sky within the TA field of view, according to the experiment's angular resolution for photons. Average 95% C.L. upper limits for the point-source flux of photons with energies greater than $10^{18}$, $10^{18.5}$, $10^{19}$, $10^{19.5}$ and $10^{20}$ eV are $0.094$, $0.029$, $0.010$, $0.0073$ and $0.0058$ km$^{-2}$yr$^{-1}$ respectively. For the energies higher than $10^{18.5}$ eV, the photon point-source limits are set for the first time. Numerical results for each given direction in each energy range are provided as a supplement to this paper., Comment: accepted to MNRAS, 11 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; results in text-file format are supplemented to paper source
Published: 2019
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24. The Cosmic-Ray Composition between 2 PeV and 2 EeV Observed with the TALE Detector in Monocular Mode

Author: BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Masaaki Tanaka, Ryuji Takeishi, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Yasunori Saito, Pierre Sokolsky, B. K. Shin, M. Takeda, M. Yamamoto, Shigehiro Nagataki, R. Sahara, Toshiyuki Fujii, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, J. Yang, M. Allen, Seok Ho Jeong, Nobuyuki Sakurai, K. H. Lee, T.-A. Shibata, Shoichi Kishigami, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Zach Zundel, T. Suzawa, Fugo Yoshida, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Fumiya Shibata, Ryota Onogi, Saori Kasami, D. Ikeda, Robert Cady, S. W. Kim, Ryosuke Tsuda, Isaac Myers, Hidemi Ito, R. Mayta, Masaomi Ono, H. Kawai, K. Kawata, N. Inoue, B. G. Cheon, Katsuaki Kasahara, J. H. Kim, Takashi Sako, T. Seki, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Koichi Sekino, M. Ohnishi, Min Hyo Kim, Takayuki Tomida, Grigory Rubtsov, Hideki Tanaka, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Taichi Inadomi, Norimichi Shibata, Y. Omura, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Shoichi Ogio, Younghoon Kwon, Inkyu Park, John Belz, T. Matsuyama, Ryo Higuchi, Ryota Fukushima, S. Ozawa, Katsuya Yamazaki, Y. Nakamura, Federico R. Urban, Heungsu Shin, Kohei Yada, S. Kawakami, Keitaro Fujita, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Elliott Barcikowski, R. U. Abbasi, Y. Uchihori, Kei Nakai, Maxim Pshirkov, Dmitri Ivanov, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Koki Sato, Tiffany Wong, Yuto Arai, Keijiro Mukai, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Masaki Fukushima, Yusuke Kimura, Akimichi Taketa, Yuta Tanoue, Ryota Fujiwara, M. Chikawa, Takafumi Uehama, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Motoki Hayashi, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, J. P. Lundquist, Jyunsei Chiba, Naoto Sakaki, Daiki Shinto, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, D. C. Rodriguez, Kozo Fujisue, Kengo Sano, Priti Shah, Dongsu Ryu, S. B. Thomas, Hirokazu Iwakura, Y. Takagi, Igor Tkachev, Naohiro Sone, H. Oda, Kenta Yashiro, Masato Takita, F. Kakimoto, Hongsu Kim, Sergey Troitsky, J. Remington, Naoaki Hayashida, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Ben Stokes, Y. Zhezher, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vladim Kuzmin, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, M. Abe, Yuya Oku, Oleg Kalashev, Ryo Nakamura, D. R. Bergman, K. Hibino, H. Tokuno, and J. D. Smith
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, Monocular, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Mode (statistics), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray composition by the Telescope Array Low-Energy Extension (TALE) air fluorescence detector (FD). By making use of the Cherenkov light signal in addition to air fluorescence light from cosmic ray (CR) induced extensive air showers, the TALE FD can measure the properties of the cosmic rays with energies as low as $\sim 2$ PeV and exceeding 1 EeV. In this paper, we present results on the measurement of $X_{\rm max}$ distributions of showers observed over this energy range. Data collected over a period of $\sim 4$ years was analyzed for this study. The resulting $X_{\rm max}$ distributions are compared to the Monte Carlo (MC) simulated data distributions for primary cosmic rays with varying composition and a 4-component fit is performed. The comparison and fit are performed for energy bins, of width 0.1 or 0.2 in $\log_{10} (E/{\rm eV})$, spanning the full range of the measured energies. We also examine the mean $X_{\rm max}$ value as a function of energy for cosmic rays with energies greater than $10^{15.8}$ eV. Below $10^{17.3}$ eV, the slope of the mean $X_{\rm max}$ as a function of energy (the elongation rate) for the data is significantly smaller than that of all elements in the models, indicating that the composition is becoming heavier with energy in this energy range. This is consistent with a rigidity-dependent cutoff of events from galactic sources. Finally, an increase in the $X_{\rm max}$ elongation rate is observed at energies just above $10^{17}$ eV indicating another change in the cosmic rays composition., 20 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2021

25. Testing a reported correlation between arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and a flux pattern from nearby starburst galaxies using Telescope Array data

Author: H. Kawai, Grigory Rubtsov, T. Seki, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Toshitsugu Fujii, Shingo Kawana, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Oleg Kalashev, William Hanlon, T. Goto, K. Martens, T. Okuda, J. Yang, D. C. Rodriguez, K. Tsutsumi, M. Abe, Y. Uchihori, Elliott Barcikowski, S. Kitamura, Dmitri Ivanov, Hidemi Ito, T. Suzawa, Keijiro Mukai, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Maxim Pshirkov, Kenta Yashiro, Yasunori Saito, Toru Nakamura, Isaac Myers, Kenichi Kadota, R. Yamane, R. Sahara, K. Nagasawa, Heungsu Shin, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Ben Stokes, Fumio Kakimoto, M. Allen, L. M. Scott, Y. Hayashi, K. Yamazaki, Vladim Kuzmin, Y. J. Kwon, M. Yamamoto, K. Hibino, K. Kawata, S. Jeong, B. G. Cheon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Charlie Jui, Ryo Nakamura, K. H. Lee, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Sergey Troitsky, Tom Stroman, Akimichi Taketa, Robert Cady, Kazuo Saito, J. H. Kim, Igor Tkachev, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, J. Remington, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, John Belz, Yasunori Kitamura, Y. Omura, S. Kawakami, H. Oda, D. R. Bergman, H. Yoshii, Masaaki Tanaka, A. Di Matteo, Inkyu Park, Fumiya Shibata, Ryota Onogi, R. Ishimori, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Naoaki Hayashida, Takayuki Tomida, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Federico R. Urban, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Pierre Sokolsky, S. Udo, Hongsu Kim, R. Mayta, M. Takeda, S. B. Thomas, J. Ogura, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yana Zhezher, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, Hideki Tanaka, Zach Zundel, Daisuke Ikeda, R. Azuma, S. R. Stratton, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Masaki Fukushima, H. Yamaoka, Michiyuki Chikawa, Masaomi Ono, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Keitaro Fujita, B. K. Shin, Priti Shah, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Masato Takita, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Koichi Sekino, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Y. Takagi, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Rasha Abbasi, S. Yoshida, Naoto Sakaki, H. Tokuno, and J. D. Smith
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Sigma, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Auger, law.invention, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Anisotropy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The Pierre Auger Collaboration (Auger) recently reported a correlation between the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energies above 39 EeV and the flux pattern of 23 nearby starburst galaxies (SBGs). In this Letter, we tested the same hypothesis using cosmic rays detected by the Telescope Array experiment (TA) in the 9-year period from May 2008 to May 2017. Unlike the Auger analysis, we did not optimize the parameter values but kept them fixed to the best-fit values found by Auger, namely 9.7% for the anisotropic fraction of cosmic rays assumed to originate from the SBGs in the list and 12.9{\deg} for the angular scale of the correlations. The energy threshold we adopted is 43 EeV, corresponding to 39 EeV in Auger when taking into account the energy-scale difference between two experiments. We find that the TA data is compatible with isotropy to within 1.1{\sigma} and with the Auger result to within 1.4{\sigma}, meaning that it is not capable to discriminate between these two hypotheses., Comment: More accurate title, fixed an inconsistency in the declination range used, with a few figures slightly changing as a result, other minor revisions
Published: 2018

26. Study of muons from ultrahigh energy cosmic ray air showers measured with the Telescope Array experiment

Author: S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, Kenta Yashiro, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Y. Takagi, Douglas Bergman, Toshiyuki Nonaka, K. Nagasawa, Hideki Tanaka, Elliott Barcikowski, J. H. Kim, T. Goto, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Y. Omura, Keitaro Fujita, Dmitri Ivanov, Pierre Sokolsky, J. Ogura, Yasunori Saito, B. K. Shin, Igor Tkachev, D. C. Rodriguez, R. Sahara, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Keijiro Mukai, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Akimichi Taketa, Rasha Abbasi, H. Oda, K. Yamazaki, M. Yamamoto, L. M. Scott, Nobuyuki Sakurai, T. Suzawa, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Sergey Troitsky, J. Remington, Y. Hayashi, Inkyu Park, Federico R. Urban, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Isaac Myers, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, K. Kawata, Ryota Onogi, Koichi Sekino, A. Di Matteo, K. H. Lee, S. B. Thomas, T.-A. Shibata, Naoaki Hayashida, Takayuki Tomida, Gordon Thomson, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, R. Mayta, Hongsu Kim, Priti Shah, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Y. Zhezher, Grigory Rubtsov, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, K. Kasahara, Y. Uchihori, Shoichi Kishigami, S. Yoshida, Naoto Sakaki, R. Azuma, Masaomi Ono, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, M. Allen, H. Kawai, T. Okuda, J. Yang, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, T. Seki, Masaki Fukushima, Masato Takita, K. Martens, K. Tsutsumi, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Zach Zundel, Fumiya Shibata, R. Ishimori, Toshitsugu Fujii, Oleg Kalashev, H. Yamaoka, Michiyuki Chikawa, Ryo Nakamura, Kazuo Saito, H. Yoshii, Heungsu Shin, Toru Nakamura, K. Hibino, Kenichi Kadota, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, Masaaki Tanaka, John Belz, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ben Stokes, B. G. Cheon, S. Kawakami, Maxim Pshirkov, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, M. Abe, Fumio Kakimoto, Vladim Kuzmin, and S. Jeong
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, COSMIC cancer database, Particle number, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Nuclear physics, Air shower, 13. Climate action, law, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics
Abstract: One of the uncertainties in interpretation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) data comes from the hadronic interaction models used for air shower Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The number of muons observed at the ground from UHECR-induced air showers is expected to depend upon the hadronic interaction model. One may therefore test the hadronic interaction models by comparing the measured number of muons with the MC prediction. In this paper, we present the results of studies of muon densities in UHE extensive air showers obtained by analyzing the signal of surface detector stations which should have high $\it{muon \, purity}$. The muon purity of a station will depend on both the inclination of the shower and the relative position of the station. In 7 years' data from the Telescope Array experiment, we find that the number of particles observed for signals with an expected muon purity of $\sim$65% at a lateral distance of 2000 m from the shower core is $1.72 \pm 0.10{\rm (stat.)} \pm 0.37 {\rm (syst.)}$ times larger than the MC prediction value using the QGSJET II-03 model for proton-induced showers. A similar effect is also seen in comparisons with other hadronic models such as QGSJET II-04, which shows a $1.67 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.36$ excess. We also studied the dependence of these excesses on lateral distances and found a slower decrease of the lateral distribution of muons in the data as compared to the MC, causing larger discrepancy at larger lateral distances.
Published: 2018

27. Depth of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Induced Air Shower Maxima Measured by the Telescope Array Black Rock and Long Ridge FADC Fluorescence Detectors and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

Author: R. Azuma, M. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryota Onogi, A. Di Matteo, R. Mayta, B. G. Cheon, Fumiya Shibata, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, R. Ishimori, K. H. Lee, M. Abe, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, H. Tokuno, S. Kitamura, Priti Shah, T. Goto, K. Tsutsumi, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Rasha Abbasi, S. Kawakami, Akimichi Taketa, Hidemi Ito, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, J. D. Smith, J. Ogura, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Takagi, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Shunsuke Ozawa, O. Kalashev, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Y. Zhezher, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Keitaro Fujita, Yasunori Kitamura, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, D. C. Rodriguez, Shoichi Ogio, Ben Stokes, Toshitsugu Fujii, T. Matsuyama, Elliott Barcikowski, B. K. Shin, K. Yamazaki, Dmitri Ivanov, T. Suzawa, M. Allen, Masaaki Tanaka, K. Hibino, R. Sahara, Heungsu Shin, Zach Zundel, Ryo Nakamura, Keijiro Mukai, Isaac Myers, Kazuo Saito, Inkyu Park, Hongsu Kim, Pierre Sokolsky, S. Yoshida, Eiji Kido, Naoto Sakaki, Grigory Rubtsov, M. V. Kuznetsov, M. Takeda, John Belz, Vladim Kuzmin, H. Yoshii, Kazuhiro Machida, Shigehiro Nagataki, S. Jeong, Michiyuki Chikawa, H. Kawai, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, K. Nagasawa, Douglas Bergman, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Yasunori Saito, T. Seki, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, Y. Uchihori, L. M. Scott, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Masaki Fukushima, Toru Nakamura, Y. Hayashi, Yuichiro Tameda, K. Kawata, John N. Matthews, Masato Takita, Kenichi Kadota, Sergey Troitsky, J. H. Kim, Y. Omura, Shingo Kawana, Naoaki Hayashida, William Hanlon, Igor Tkachev, T. Okuda, J. Yang, H. Oda, Kenta Yashiro, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Federico R. Urban, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, S. B. Thomas, Takayuki Tomida, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, Masaomi Ono, Maxim Pshirkov, Motoki Hayashi, J. P. Lundquist, Koichi Sekino, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, and Fumio Kakimoto
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Helium, Astroparticle physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Air shower, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Ridge (meteorology), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, business
Abstract: The Telescope Array observatory utilizes fluorescence detectors and surface detectors to observe air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere. Cosmic ray events observed in this way are termed hybrid data. The depth of air shower maximum is related to the mass of the primary particle that generates the shower. This paper reports on shower maxima data collected over 8.5 years using the Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors in conjunction with the array of surface detectors. We compare the means and standard deviations of the observed $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ distributions with Monte Carlo $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ distributions of unmixed protons, helium, nitrogen, and iron, all generated using the QGSJet~II-04 hadronic model. We also perform an unbinned maximum likelihood test of the observed data, which is subjected to variable systematic shifting of the data $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ distributions to allow us to test the full distributions, and compare them to the Monte Carlo to see which elements are not compatible with the observed data. For all energy bins, QGSJet~II-04 protons are found to be compatible with Telescope Array hybrid data at the 95% confidence level after some systematic $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ shifting of the data. Three other QGSJet~II-04 elements are found to be compatible using the same test procedure in an energy range limited to the highest energies where data statistics are sparse., Comment: 39 pages, 18 figures, 5 tables, published in The Astrophysical Journal. This is a peer-reviewed, un-copyedited version of an article published in The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabad7
Published: 2018
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28. Evidence of Intermediate-Scale Energy Spectrum Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays E$\geq$10$^{19.2}$ eV with the Telescope Array Surface Detector

Author: N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, R. Sahara, Toru Nakamura, S. Udo, Kenichi Kadota, Maxim Pshirkov, K. Kasahara, M. Abe, Shoichi Kishigami, T. Goto, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Zach Zundel, S. B. Thomas, Fumio Kakimoto, Masaomi Ono, Jyunsei Chiba, Charlie Jui, Dongsu Ryu, B. K. Shin, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, Kenta Yashiro, Keitaro Fujita, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Ben Stokes, S. R. Stratton, Y. Takagi, Tiffany Wong, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Masaki Fukushima, H. Tokuno, Yasunori Kitamura, K. Martens, Masato Takita, Hideki Tanaka, Takayuki Tomida, Masaaki Tanaka, J. D. Smith, Fumiya Shibata, Sergey Troitsky, S. Kitamura, R. Ishimori, Keiji Saito, Igor Tkachev, Michiyuki Chikawa, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, D. R. Bergman, H. Oda, Kazuhiro Machida, Hidemi Ito, Pierre Sokolsky, Y. Uchihori, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, R. Takeishi, Yasunori Saito, Shigehiro Nagataki, Akitoshi Oshima, T. Matsuyama, Yana Zhezher, T. Suzawa, Shunsuke Ozawa, Shingo Kawana, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Priti Shah, O. Kalashev, Vladim Kuzmin, William Hanlon, J. Ogura, F. Urban, S. Jeong, Isaac Myers, Motoki Hayashi, Peter Tinyakov, J. P. Lundquist, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, T. Okuda, J. Yang, M. Allen, Y. Omura, Naoaki Hayashida, Koichi Sekino, Elliott Barcikowski, K. Nagasawa, Dmitri Ivanov, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Keijiro Mukai, D. C. Rodriguez, S. Yoshida, Naoto Sakaki, Rasha Abbasi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, John Belz, R. Azuma, Inkyu Park, L. M. Scott, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, K. Kawata, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, K. H. Lee, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Hiroyuki Sagawa, T.-A. Shibata, R. Yamane, Gordon Thomson, Ryo Nakamura, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Hongsu Kim, Akimichi Taketa, Grigory Rubtsov, M. Yamamoto, H. Yoshii, Nobuyuki Sakurai, K. Yamazaki, Takahiro Fujii, Ryota Onogi, J. H. Kim, A. Di Matteo, B. G. Cheon, R. Mayta, K. Hibino, S. Kawakami, Heungsu Shin, K. Tsutsumi, H. Kawai, T. Seki, and Y. Yoneda
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Monte Carlo method, Isotropy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Poisson distribution, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, symbols.namesake, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Anisotropy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: An intermediate-scale energy spectrum anisotropy has been found in the arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays of energies above $10^{19.2}$ eV in the northern hemisphere, using 7 years of data from the Telescope Array surface detector. A relative energy distribution test is done comparing events inside oversampled spherical caps of equal exposure, to those outside, using the Poisson likelihood ratio. The center of maximum significance is at $9^h$$16^m$, $45^{\circ}$. and has a deficit of events with energies $10^{19.2}$$\leq$$E$$
Published: 2018
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29. Constraints on the diffuse photon flux with energies above $10^{18}$ eV using the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment

Author: Rasha Abbasi, Fumiya Shibata, S. Yoshida, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Naoto Sakaki, Yasunori Saito, John Belz, K. Nagasawa, R. Ishimori, S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, Ryo Nakamura, Motoki Hayashi, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hideki Tanaka, Kazuo Saito, J. P. Lundquist, M. Yamamoto, Ben Stokes, B. G. Cheon, Heungsu Shin, T. Suzawa, Yuichiro Tameda, Isaac Myers, Inkyu Park, John N. Matthews, Douglas Bergman, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryota Onogi, A. Di Matteo, Koichi Sekino, M. Allen, R. Mayta, Y. Zhezher, Grigory Rubtsov, Kenta Yashiro, K. Martens, K. Tsutsumi, Keitaro Fujita, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, L. M. Scott, H. Yoshii, Daisuke Ikeda, Eiji Kido, M. V. Kuznetsov, S. Kawakami, Y. Uchihori, R. Azuma, Toshitsugu Fujii, Kazuhiro Machida, S. R. Stratton, Y. Hayashi, Sergey Troitsky, B. K. Shin, Oleg Kalashev, Hongsu Kim, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Charlie Jui, J. Remington, Pierre Sokolsky, K. Kawata, Masaki Fukushima, Akimichi Taketa, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, J. H. Kim, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Mayuko Minamino, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, D. C. Rodriguez, H. Kawai, Y. Omura, Kiyoshi Tanaka, K. Kasahara, K. Honda, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Shoichi Kishigami, Yasunori Kitamura, Naoaki Hayashida, Masaaki Tanaka, T. Seki, Masato Takita, J. Ogura, H. Yamaoka, Masaomi Ono, R. Sahara, Michiyuki Chikawa, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, Jyunsei Chiba, K. Hibino, Shingo Kawana, Fumio Kakimoto, Dongsu Ryu, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Maksim Piskunov, William Hanlon, M. Ohnishi, Takayuki Tomida, Y. Takagi, T. Okuda, J. Yang, Federico R. Urban, Toru Nakamura, S. Udo, K. H. Lee, Kenichi Kadota, T.-A. Shibata, H. Tokuno, Zach Zundel, J. D. Smith, Priti Shah, Gordon Thomson, S. B. Thomas, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Igor Tkachev, Maxim Pshirkov, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Oda, Keijiro Mukai, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Vladim Kuzmin, T. Goto, S. Jeong, M. Abe, Y. J. Kwon, and Hideyuki Ohoka
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Muon, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, Computational physics, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Air shower, Distribution function, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), law, 0103 physical sciences, Waveform, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results of the search for ultra-high-energy photons with nine years of data from the Telescope Array surface detector. A multivariate classifier is built upon 16 reconstructed parameters of the extensive air shower. These parameters are related to the curvature and the width of the shower front, the steepness of the lateral distribution function, and the timing parameters of the waveforms sensitive to the shower muon content. A total number of two photon candidates found in the search is fully compatible with the expected background. The $95\%\,$CL limits on the diffuse flux of the photons with energies greater than $10^{18.0}$, $10^{18.5}$, $10^{19.0}$, $10^{19.5}$ and $10^{20.0}$ eV are set at the level of $0.067$, $0.012$, $0.0036$, $0.0013$, $0.0013~\mbox{km}^{-2}\mbox{yr}^{-1}\mbox{sr}^{-1}$ correspondingly., Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2018
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30. Mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with the Telescope Array Surface Detector Data

Author: J. Remington, Koichi Sekino, S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, M. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Ryota Onogi, A. Di Matteo, R. Mayta, Naoaki Hayashida, J. H. Kim, H. Tokuno, B. G. Cheon, Y. Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Pierre Sokolsky, Y. Omura, T. Suzawa, J. D. Smith, S. Yoshida, Naoto Sakaki, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, T. Goto, Douglas Bergman, K. Nagasawa, Toshitsugu Fujii, K. Hibino, R. Azuma, Takayuki Tomida, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Kenta Yashiro, Yasunori Saito, Ryo Nakamura, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Isaac Myers, Yasunori Kitamura, S. Kawakami, Kazuo Saito, O. Kalashev, K. Tsutsumi, Fumio Kakimoto, John Belz, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, K. Martens, Toru Nakamura, Grigory Rubtsov, Maxim S. Piskunov, H. Yoshii, Masaaki Tanaka, Priti Shah, Fumiya Shibata, R. Ishimori, Kenichi Kadota, Hideki Tanaka, T. Matsuyama, L. M. Scott, Michiyuki Chikawa, K. Yamazaki, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Kohei Yada, Y. Hayashi, Shingo Kawana, R. Sahara, K. H. Lee, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Elliott Barcikowski, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Dmitri Ivanov, Motoki Hayashi, M. Allen, K. Kawata, S. Ozawa, William Hanlon, J. P. Lundquist, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, K. Kasahara, Shoichi Kishigami, Daisuke Ikeda, Keijiro Mukai, S. R. Stratton, G. Furlich, Takaaki Ishii, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Keitaro Fujita, Masato Takita, T. Okuda, J. Yang, Hongsu Kim, Masaomi Ono, B. K. Shin, Hideaki Shimodaira, Hyoming Jeong, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Heungsu Shin, Inkyu Park, Masaki Fukushima, Maxim Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, Akimichi Taketa, Y. Takagi, Eiji Kido, Rasha Abbasi, M. V. Kuznetsov, Kazuhiro Machida, Kiyoshi Tanaka, H. Kawai, Igor Tkachev, J. Ogura, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Vladim Kuzmin, T. Seki, S. Jeong, Zach Zundel, Yana Zhezher, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Y. Uchihori, H. Oda, Ben Stokes, M. Abe, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Federico R. Urban, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, S. B. Thomas, and Sergey Troitsky
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, Mass composition, 01 natural sciences, Promotion (rank), State (polity), Work (electrical), George (robot), 0103 physical sciences, Science policy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Ultrahigh energy, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Administration (government), media_common
Abstract: The results on ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) mass composition obtained with the Telescope Array surface detector are presented. The analysis employs the boosted decision tree (BDT) multivariate analysis built upon 14 observables related to both the properties of the shower front and the lateral distribution function. The multivariate classifier is trained with Monte-Carlo sets of events induced by the primary protons and iron. An average atomic mass of UHECR is presented for energies $10^{18.0}-10^{20.0}\ \mbox{eV}$. The average atomic mass of primary particles shows no significant energy dependence and corresponds to $\langle \ln A \rangle = 2.0 \pm 0.1 (stat.) \pm 0.44 (syst.)$. The result is compared to the mass composition obtained by the Telescope Array with $\mbox{X}_{\mbox{max}}$ technique along with the results of other experiments. Possible systematic errors of the method are discussed., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2018
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31. Design, construction and operation of a low-power, autonomous radio-frequency data-acquisition station for the TARA experiment

Author: A. Novikov, D. Z. Besson, M Smirnova, V. Sanivarapu, William Hanlon, J. C. Hanson, John Belz, Helio Takai, W.H. Gillman, M. Byrne, A. Rezazadeh, David Schurig, A. Shustov, Rasha Abbasi, Christopher Allen, R. Young, S. Kunwar, Gordon Thomson, Isaac Myers, S. Prohira, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, and Kenneth L. Ratzlaff
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Transmitter, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Communications system, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, 13. Climate action, law, Chirp, Radio frequency, Radar, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Remote sensing
Abstract: Employing a 40-kW radio-frequency transmitter just west of Delta, UT, and operating at 54.1 MHz, the TARA (Telescope Array RAdar) experiment seeks radar detection of extensive air showers (EAS) initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). For UHECR with energies in excess of $10^{19}$ eV, the Doppler-shifted "chirps" resulting from EAS shower core radar reflections should be observable above background (dominantly galactic) at distances of tens of km from the TARA transmitter. In order to stereoscopically reconstruct cosmic ray chirps, two remote, autonomous self-powered receiver stations have been deployed. Each remote station (RS) combines both low power consumption as well as low cost. Triggering logic, the powering and communication systems, and some specific details of hardware components are discussed., version accepted for publication in Nucl. Instr. Meth. A
Published: 2015

32. A NORTHERN SKY SURVEY FOR POINT-LIKE SOURCES OF EeV NEUTRAL PARTICLES WITH THE TELESCOPE ARRAY EXPERIMENT

Author: R. Ishimori, R. W. Springer, John Belz, Gordon Thomson, Federico R. Urban, K. Hibino, W. R. Cho, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Tomohiro Matsuda, Pierre Sokolsky, Sergey Troitsky, Masayuki Tanaka, ByongGu Cheon, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Younghoon Kwon, M. J. Chae, K. Martens, Y. Yoneda, S. I. Lim, Thomas Stroman, M. Ohnishi, S. Kawana, Kenichi Kadota, M. Abe, Il Hung Park, Douglas Bergman, H. Yoshii, S. Kitamura, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Fumio Kakimoto, H. Kawai, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Mayuko Minamino, S. Nagataki, S. Kawakami, A. L. Sampson, K. Oki, Yasunori Kitamura, A. Oshima, Takaaki Ishii, S. B. Thomas, Elliott Barcikowski, Hirotaka Ito, Maxim Pshirkov, Masaomi Ono, K. Nagasawa, Dmitri Ivanov, Tatsunobu Shibata, Toshio Matsuyama, H. Shimodaira, HangBae Kim, Kenta Yashiro, Kenichi Tanaka, T. Suzawa, H. Tanaka, Isaac Myers, T. Goto, M. Takamura, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Shunsuke Ozawa, Naoya Inoue, K. Tsutsumi, J. Ogura, Priti Shah, B. T. Stokes, Igor Tkachev, Jon Paul Lundquist, Grigory Rubtsov, Akimichi Taketa, Oleg Kalashev, Takayuki Tomida, Masahiro Takeda, Naoaki Hayashida, L. M. Scott, H. Yamaoka, Ken Honda, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, V.A. Kuzmin, Zach Zundel, K. Machida, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, K. Mukai, H. Ohoka, J. Yang, J. Lan, R. Zollinger, B. K. Shin, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, S. Yoshida, Katsuaki Kasahara, Tiffany Wong, R. Takeishi, Masaki Fukushima, Mark Allen, Masato Takita, Michiyuki Chikawa, Yukio Uchihori, Takahiro Fujii, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, J. H. Kim, Kazumasa Kawata, R. Azuma, J. D. Smith, D. Rodriguez, H. Tokuno, Eiji Kido, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Ruth A. Anderson, William Hanlon, Rasha Abbasi, Robert Cady, T. Okuda, G. Vasiloff, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, and Fumiya Shibata
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Scintillator, Coincidence, law.invention, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Neutron flux, Sky, law, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Order of magnitude, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, media_common
Abstract: We report on the search for steady point-like sources of neutral particles around 10$^{18}$ eV between 2008 May and 2013 May with the scintillator surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We found overall no significant point-like excess above 0.5 EeV in the northern sky. Subsequently, we also searched for coincidence with the Fermi bright Galactic sources. No significant coincidence was found within the statistical uncertainty. Hence, we set an upper limit on the neutron flux that corresponds to an averaged flux of 0.07 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>1$ EeV in the northern sky at the 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent flux upper limit in a northern sky survey assuming point-like sources. The upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the neutron flux from Cygnus X-3 is also set to 0.2 km$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for $E>0.5$ EeV. This is an order of magnitude lower than previous flux measurements., 27 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2015

33. Energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays observed with the Telescope Array using a hybrid technique

Author: S. Y. Roh, S. Yoshida, T. Kanbe, John Belz, Y. Murano, Thomas Stroman, Akitoshi Oshima, R. Zollinger, S. Kitamura, K. Nagasawa, Takayuki Tomida, Michiyuki Chikawa, Isaac Myers, H. Tokuno, K. Kitamoto, R. W. Springer, Igor Tkachev, R. Cady, Elliott Barcikowski, R. Aida, Eiji Kido, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, H. Tanaka, Byung Gu Cheon, Yukio Uchihori, J. H. Kim, Pierre Sokolsky, Naoya Inoue, T. Fujii, Mayuko Minamino, Tatsunobu Shibata, Tomohiro Matsuda, Ross Anderson, Peter Tinyakov, Yasunori Kitamura, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Toshio Matsuyama, K. Kobayashi, X. Zhou, Y. Yoneda, K. Tsutsumi, S. I. Lim, Zach Zundel, Sergey Troitsky, S. Machida, K. Martens, Hirotaka Ito, Younghoon Kwon, Shunsuke Ozawa, Mark Allen, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Hiroyuki Sagawa, S. Kawana, H. Kawai, E. J. Cho, H. Shimodaira, M. Tanaka, S. Iwamoto, Y. Kondo, K. Oki, Tomoyuki Nakamura, S. Kawakami, Masaomi Ono, S. B. Thomas, S. Nagataki, Naoaki Hayashida, K. Miyata, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Fumiya Shibata, Y. Tsuyuguchi, Jon Paul Lundquist, Yoji Kobayashi, Kiyoshi Kuramoto, T. Shirahama, Takaaki Ishii, Gordon Thomson, B. T. Stokes, Yoshiki Tsunesada, K. Hibino, R. Ishimori, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, H. Yamaoka, Grigory Rubtsov, K. Hayashi, Hang Bae Kim, Katsuaki Kasahara, Akimichi Taketa, Tiffany Wong, T. Fukuda, Kenichi Tanaka, Masaki Fukushima, A. L. Sampson, S. Suzuki, Hyun-Il Kim, Douglas Bergman, Federico R. Urban, Masato Takita, Nobuyuki Sakurai, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, H. Yoshii, William Hanlon, Yukio Takahashi, G. Vasiloff, K. Ikuta, J. I. Shin, T. Okuda, Jyunsei Chiba, Maxim Pshirkov, Dongsu Ryu, Fumio Kakimoto, Y. Yamakawa, S. W. Nam, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, T. Iguchi, J. D. Smith, D. Rodriguez, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, M. Ohnishi, L. M. Scott, Y. Hayashi, V.A. Kuzmin, B. K. Shin, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, H. Ohoka, J. Yang, J. Lan, W. R. Cho, Kenichi Kadota, Il Hung Park, Y. Wada, and Oleg Kalashev
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, Computational physics, law.invention, Telescope, Air shower, law, Energy spectrum, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray
Abstract: We measure the spectrum of cosmic rays with energies greater than 10 18.2 eV with the fluorescence detectors (FDs) and the surface detectors (SDs) of the Telescope Array Experiment using the data taken in our first 2.3-year observation from May 27, 2008 to September 7, 2010. A hybrid air shower reconstruction technique is employed to improve accuracies in determination of arrival directions and primary energies of cosmic rays using both FD and SD data. The energy spectrum presented here is in agreement with our previously published spectra and the HiRes results.
Published: 2015

34. Telescope Array Radar (TARA) observatory for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

Author: S. Kunwar, C. Jayanthmurthy, William Hanlon, Rasha Abbasi, Helio Takai, Shane L. Larson, W.H. Gillman, J. C. Hanson, D. Z. Besson, John Belz, Gordon Thomson, Isaac Myers, Avery Tye Gardner, M. Abou Bakr Othman, S. Prohira, D. Von Maluski, Pierre Sokolsky, M. Byrne, Christopher Allen, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, L. Beard, and Kenneth L. Ratzlaff
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Effective radiated power, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Radar, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Remote sensing, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Depth sounding, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Construction was completed during summer 2013 on the Telescope Array RAdar (TARA) bi-static radar observatory for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR). TARA is co-located with the Telescope Array, the largest "conventional" cosmic ray detector in the Northern Hemisphere, in radio-quiet Western Utah. TARA employs an 8 MW Effective Radiated Power (ERP) VHF transmitter and smart receiver system based on a 250 MS/s data acquisition system in an effort to detect the scatter of sounding radiation by UHECR-induced atmospheric ionization. TARA seeks to demonstrate bi-static radar as a useful new remote sensing technique for UHECRs, extending their detection aperture far beyond what is accessible by conventional means. In this report, we describe the design and performance of the TARA transmitter and receiver systems.
Published: 2014

35. Gain monitoring of telescope array photomultiplier cameras for the first 4 years of operation

Author: Y. Uchihori, X. Zhou, B. G. Cheon, Takaaki Ishii, T. Kanbe, Robert M. Anderson, J. Martineau, D. C. Rodriguez, Grigory Rubtsov, Isaac Myers, Y. Kobayashi, A. L. Sampson, S. Kawakami, H. Yoshii, K. Tsutsumi, H. Tokuno, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, L. M. Scott, Y. Hayashi, Hiroyuki Sagawa, J. D. Smith, Takayuki Tomida, K. Kitamoto, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, S. Yoshida, Vladim Kuzmin, R. Zollinger, R. Aida, Masaaki Tanaka, Hideaki Shimodaira, K. Hibino, Yoshiki Tsunesada, K. Yamazaki, Daisuke Ikeda, Fumiya Shibata, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, R. Ishimori, S. R. Stratton, Ben Stokes, Tiffany Wong, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, T. Fukuda, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Masaki Fukushima, T. Shirahama, S. Y. Roh, Hyun-Il Kim, S. Kitamura, M. Allen, T. Matsuyama, Samuel Blake, E. J. Cho, Y. Kondo, Shoichi Ogio, K. Oki, Michiyuki Chikawa, Inkyu Park, K. Nagasawa, Shingo Kawana, T. Fujii, Eiji Kido, William Hanlon, Sergey Troitsky, S. Machida, R. W. Springer, J. I. Shin, Naoaki Hayashida, Y. Tsuyuguchi, Maxim Pshirkov, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, K. Hayashi, H. Kawai, K. Kasahara, Fumio Kakimoto, Tomohiro Matsuda, K. Ikuta, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Akitoshi Oshima, K. Kobayashi, Shunsuke Ozawa, John Belz, Y. Murano, Pierre Sokolsky, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, K. Kuramoto, Yasuhiro H. Takahashi, Masato Takita, Zach Zundel, O. Kalashev, T. Iguchi, M. Wood, P. Tinyakov, Y. Yamakawa, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, Y. J. Kwon, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Hideyuki Ohoka, J. Yang, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, K. Miyata, Hongsu Kim, Bokkyun Shin, Akimichi Taketa, S. Suzuki, Douglas Bergman, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, M. Ohnishi, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, S. B. Thomas, S. W. Nam, W. R. Cho, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, Y. Wada, T. J. Sonley, S. Iwamoto, G. Vasiloff, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, and J. H. Kim
Subjects: Physics, Telescope, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Optics, business.industry, law, Night sky, Optoelectronics, Scintillator, business, Instrumentation, law.invention
Abstract: The stability of the gain of the photomultiplier (PMT) camera for the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Telescope Array experiment was monitored using an 241 Am loaded scintillator pulsers (YAP) and a diffused xenon flasher (TXF) for a selected set of 35 PMT-readout channels. From the monitoring of YAP pulses over four years of FD operation, we found slow monotonic drifts of PMT gains at a rate of −1.7~+1.7%/year. An average of the PMT gains over the 35 channels stayed nearly constant with a rate of change measured at −0.01±0.31(stat)±0.21(sys)%/year. No systematic decrease of the PMT gain caused by the night sky background was observed. Monitoring by the TXF also tracked the PMT gain drift of the YAP at 0.88±0.14(stat)%/year.
Published: 2014

36. The energy spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured by the Telescope Array FADC fluorescence detectors in monocular mode

Author: T. Kanbe, Y. Kobayashi, Fumiya Shibata, S. Kitamura, Robert M. Anderson, R. Ishimori, Hidemi Ito, Sergey Troitsky, Grigory Rubtsov, Isaac Myers, T. Matsuyama, Y. Yamakawa, S. Yoshida, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, Yuichiro Tameda, S. Suzuki, Taka Tomida, T. Shirahama, John N. Matthews, Douglas Bergman, Pierre Sokolsky, R. Zollinger, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, Y. J. Kwon, Hiroyuki Sagawa, K. Ikuta, Hideyuki Ohoka, Hideaki Shimodaira, M. Takeda, J. H. Kim, M. Allen, T. J. Sonley, Shigehiro Nagataki, K. Oki, Charlie Jui, J. Ogura, Y. Kondo, Akimichi Taketa, Naoaki Hayashida, Y. Tsuyuguchi, K. Kasahara, K. Kitamoto, J. P. Lundquist, Takaaki Ishii, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, S. Y. Roh, B. G. Cheon, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, T. Iguchi, A. L. Sampson, D. C. Rodriguez, S. Iwamoto, John Belz, Inkyu Park, K. Miyata, Masaomi Ono, J. I. Shin, Yasunori Kitamura, K. Yamazaki, Bokkyun Shin, S. Kawakami, Y. Murano, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Vladim Kuzmin, R. Yamane, T. Fujii, K. Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, R. Aida, Masaaki Tanaka, G. Vasiloff, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Elliott Barcikowski, T.-A. Shibata, L. M. Scott, K. Hibino, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Y. Hayashi, Hongsu Kim, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, Y. Uchihori, O. Kalashev, W. R. Cho, H. Kawai, Hyun-Il Kim, Kiyoshi Tanaka, H. Yoshii, Eiji Kido, Yoshiki Tsunesada, K. Kuramoto, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, Daisuke Ikeda, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, S. R. Stratton, M. Ohnishi, S. Machida, S. Udo, J. Yang, Y. Wada, Tiffany Wong, J. Lan, S. B. Thomas, Nobuyuki Sakurai, S. W. Nam, T. Fukuda, Masaki Fukushima, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, E. J. Cho, Michiyuki Chikawa, Yasuhiro H. Takahashi, Zach Zundel, Masato Takita, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, R. W. Springer, Tomohiro Matsuda, K. Kobayashi, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, Maxim Pshirkov, K. Hayashi, Fumio Kakimoto, Akitoshi Oshima, Shunsuke Ozawa, and Ben Stokes
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, business.industry, Aperture, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, business, Event reconstruction
Abstract: We present a measurement of the energy spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays performed by the Telescope Array experiment using monocular observations from its two new FADC-based fluorescence detectors. After a short description of the experiment, we describe the data analysis and event reconstruction procedures. Since the aperture of the experiment must be calculated by Monte Carlo simulation, we describe this calculation and the comparisons of simulated and real data used to verify the validity of the aperture calculation. Finally, we present the energy spectrum calculated from the merged monocular data sets of the two FADC-based detectors, and also the combination of this merged spectrum with an independent, previously published monocular spectrum measurement performed by Telescope Array’s third fluorescence detector [T. Abu-Zayyad et al., The energy spectrum of Telescope Array’s middle drum detector and the direct comparison to the high resolution fly’s eye experiment, Astroparticle Physics 39 (2012) 109-119, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.05.012 , Available from: ]. This combined spectrum corroborates the recently published Telescope Array surface detector spectrum [T. Abu-Zayyad, et al., The cosmic-ray energy spectrum observed with the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment, ApJ 768 (2013) L1, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/768/1/L1 , Available from: ] with independent systematic uncertainties.
Published: 2013

37. Telescope Array Radar (TARA): First Measurement of EAS Radar Cross-section Upper Limit

Author: John Belz and Isaac Myers
Subjects: Physics, Telescope, Radar cross-section, law, Limit (mathematics), Radar, Remote sensing, law.invention
Published: 2016

38. How can postoperative delirium be predicted in advance? A secondary analysis comparing three methods of early assessment in elderly patients

Author: Sebastian, Stukenberg, Martin, Franck, Claudia D, Spies, Bruno, Neuner, Isaac, Myers, and Finn M, Radtke
Subjects: Early Diagnosis, Postoperative Complications, Elective Surgical Procedures, Multivariate Analysis, Delirium, Humans, Anesthesia, General, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Aged, Recovery Room
Abstract: Postoperative impairment of the cerebral function can appear immediately after general anesthesia and may be predictive for a postoperative delirium. We compared three tools assessing patients on recovery room admission in order to detect early signs of postoperative brain dysfunction: the Postanesthetic Recovery Score (PARS), the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC).Inclusion criteria of this secondary analysis of the randomized SuDoCo trial were: age ≥60 years, schedule for elective non-cardiac surgery with an anticipated duration of ≥60 minutes, general anesthesia, ability to communicate in German language. A total of 996 patients were analyzed. Investigated scores were assessed 10 minutes after recovery room admission and analyzed in terms of association with postoperative delirium, mortality and length of stay in the recovery room. Multivariate analysis: linear or logistic regression.Abnormal scores in patients: RASS (values ≤-2 and ≥1) 36.8%, Nu-DESC (≥2 points) 54.2%, PARS (≤7 points) 20.3%. Abnormal RASS values were associated with postoperative delirium (RASS values ≥1: odds ratio (OR) 3.1, 95% CI: 1.7-5.6, P0.001; RASS values ≤-2: OR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.3-3.3, P=0.001). Abnormal Nu-DESC values were also associated with postoperative delirium (OR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.9, P0.001). Abnormal PARS values were associated with a longer recovery room stay (in minutes, OR=16.6, 95% CI: 1.7-31.4, P=0.029).The RASS and Nu-DESC were independent predictors for a delirium within seven postoperative days. Very early assessment of the cerebral function may help to advance detection, prevention and treatment of postoperative delirium in elderly patients.
Published: 2016

39. The Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays above 10$^{17.2}$ eV Measured by the Fluorescence Detectors of the Telescope Array Experiment in Seven Years

Author: K. Hibino, T. Goto, Grigory Rubtsov, H. Yoshii, Akitoshi Oshima, Ben Stokes, Kazumasa Kawata, R. Azuma, H. Kawai, K. Nagasawa, Kenta Yashiro, M. Abe, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, K. Martens, Federico R. Urban, Mayuko Minamino, T. Suzawa, John Belz, K. Honda, S. Kitamura, Hang Bae Kim, Priti Shah, Hideki Tanaka, Yasunori Kitamura, Mai Takamura, Hidemi Ito, Isaac Myers, K. Tsutsumi, Byung Gu Cheon, Masaaki Tanaka, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Bokkyun Shin, Eiji Kido, Fumiya Shibata, Igor Tkachev, Pierre Sokolsky, J. H. Kim, Kazuhiro Machida, Y. Tsunesada, Zach Zundel, S. Kawakami, Douglas Bergman, Fumio Kakimoto, R. Ishimori, K. Kasahara, Kanako Yamazaki, K. Oki, Toshiyuki Nonaka, J. P. Lundquist, M. Takeda, Sergey Troitsky, Inkyu Park, R. W. Springer, Shigehiro Nagataki, G. Vasiloff, Heungsu Shin, Y. Mukai, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Jyunsei Chiba, Y. Yoneda, Akimichi Taketa, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Dongsu Ryu, Hiroshi Yamaoka, N. Inoue, M. Ohnishi, Masaomi Ono, Ryuji Takeishi, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Tomohiro Matsuda, S. B. Thomas, Toshihiro Fujii, Naoaki Hayashida, M. Allen, Shingo Kawana, O. Kalashev, W. R. Cho, Y. Uchihori, William Hanlon, Toru Nakamura, T. Okuda, J. Ogura, Kenichi Kadota, Takayuki Tomida, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Tokuno, Takaaki Ishii, J. D. Smith, D. C. Rodriguez, J. Yang, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, J. Lan, Masato Takita, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, L. M. Scott, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, Hideaki Shimodaira, Vladim Kuzmin, T. Matsuyama, S. Ozawa, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Maxim Pshirkov, Michiyuki Chikawa, S. Yoshida, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, Rasha Abbasi, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, and R. Zollinger
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, law.invention, Telescope, Orders of magnitude (time), law, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is the largest detector to observe ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the northern hemisphere. The fluorescence detectors at southern two stations of TA are newly constructed and have now completed seven years of steady operation. One advantage of monocular analysis of the fluorescence detectors is a lower energy threshold for cosmic rays than that of other techniques like stereoscopic observations or coincidences with the surface detector array, allowing the measurement of an energy spectrum covering three orders of magnitude in energy. Analyzing data collected during those seven years, we report the energy spectrum of cosmic rays covering a broad range of energies above 10$^{17.2}$ eV measured by the fluorescence detectors and a comparison with previously published results., Submitted to Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2015

40. Publisher’s Note: Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array’s Middle Drum detector and surface array in hybrid mode [Phys. Rev. D92, 032007 (2015)]

Author: Hideki Tanaka, K. Nagasawa, R. Zollinger, Hisono Tokuno, L. M. Scott, Pierre Sokolsky, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, K. Kawata, K. Hibino, Hidemi Ito, P. Tinyakov, Mai Takamura, Dmitri Ivanov, Rasha Abbasi, M. Takita, Inkyu Park, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, O. Kalashev, B. G. Cheon, Akitoshi Oshima, Y. Tsunesada, Kalen Martens, R. W. Springer, Hideaki Shimodaira, Tiffany Wong, T. Goto, Charlie Jui, Ryuji Takeishi, Maxim Pshirkov, Sergey Troitsky, Mayuko Minamino, Yuichiro Tameda, K. Oki, K. Honda, Masaki Fukushima, Shunsuke Ozawa, Grigory Rubtsov, K. Yamazaki, T.-A. Shibata, Yasunori Kitamura, J. D. Smith, Takeshi Okuda, Vladim Kuzmin, Gordon Thomson, Igor Tkachev, Tom Stroman, H. Yoshii, Masaaki Tanaka, Robert Cady, Fumiya Shibata, Tomohiro Matsuda, Taka Tomida, Akimichi Taketa, R. Ishimori, M. Allen, S. B. Thomas, S. Kawakami, T. Matsuyama, Bokkyun Shin, John Belz, G. Vasiloff, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, J. Ogura, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, Elliott Barcikowski, M. J. Chae, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Shingo Kawana, K. Kadota, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, D. R. Bergman, Naoaki Hayashida, Heungsu Shin, Y. Uchihori, William Hanlon, S. Yoshida, Y. J. Kwon, Toshitsugu Fujii, J. Yang, K. Kasahara, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Hideyuki Ohoka, John N. Matthews, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Fumio Kakimoto, Zach Zundel, M. Abe, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, Masaomi Ono, W. R. Cho, J. H. Kim, M. Ohnishi, Takaaki Ishii, Ben Stokes, Hongsu Kim, Federico R. Urban, D. C. Rodriguez, T. Suzawa, Toru Nakamura, H. Kawai, Isaac Myers, S. Kitamura, Kenta Yashiro, K. Tsutsumi, Priti Shah, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Michiyuki Chikawa, Y. Mukai, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Shigeharu Udo, R. Azuma, J. P. Lundquist, and J. Lan
Subjects: Physics, Surface (mathematics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, business.industry, Detector, Drum, Astrophysics, Cosmology, law.invention, Gravitation, Telescope, Cross section (physics), Optics, law, business
Published: 2015

41. Searches for Large-Scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays Detected above Energy of $10^{19}$ eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

Author: Telescope, Array, Pierre Auger Collaborations (Alexander Aab, Pedro, Abreu, Marco, Aglietta, Eun Joo Ahn, Imen Al Samarai, Ivone, Albuquerque, Ingomar, Allekotte, Jeff, Allen, Patrick, Allison, Alejandro, Almela, Jesus Alvarez Castillo, Jaime Alvarez Muñiz, Rafael Alves Batista, Michelangelo, Ambrosio, Amin, Aminaei, Luis, Anchordoqui, Sofia, Andringa, Carla, Aramo, Victor Manuel Aranda, Fernando, Arqueros, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, Pedro, Assis, Julien, Aublin, Maximo, Ave, Michel, Avenier, Gualberto, Avila, Nafiun, Awal, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Barber, Kerri B., Julia, Bäuml, Colin, Baus, Jim, Beatty, Karl Heinz Becker, Bellido, Jose A., Corinne, Berat, Mario Edoardo Bertania, Xavier, Bertou, Peter, Biermann, Pierre, Billoir, Blaess, Simon G., Miguel, Blanco, Carla, Bleve, Hans, Blümer, Martina, Boháčová, Denise, Boncioli, Carla, Bonifazi, Raffaella, Bonino, Nataliia, Borodai, Jeffrey, Brack, Iliana, Brancus, Ariel, Bridgeman, Pedro, Brogueira, Brown, William C., Peter, Buchholz, Antonio, Bueno, Stijn, Buitink, Buscemi, Mario, Caballero Mora, Karen S., Barbara, Caccianiga, Lorenzo, Caccianiga, Marina, Candusso, Laurentiu, Caramete, Caruso, Rossella, Antonella, Castellina, Gabriella, Cataldi, Lorenzo, Cazon, Rosanna, Cester, Chavez, Alan G., Andrea, Chiavassa, Jose Augusto Chinellato, Jiri, Chudoba, Marco, Cilmo, Clay, Roger W., Giuseppe, Cocciolo, Roberta, Colalillo, Alan, Coleman, Laura, Collica, Maria Rita Coluccia, Ruben, Conceição, Fernando, Contreras, Cooper, Mathew J., Alain, Cordier, Stephane, Coutu, Corbin, Covault, James, Cronin, Alex, Curutiu, Richard, Dallier, Bruno, Daniel, Sergio, Dasso, Kai, Daumiller, Dawson, Bruce R., de Almeida, Rogerio M., Manlio De Domenico, de Jong, Sijbrand J., Joao de Mello Neto, Ivan De Mitri, Jaime de Oliveira, Vitor de Souza, Luis del Peral, Olivier, Deligny, Hans, Dembinski, Niraj, Dhital, Claudio Di Giulio, Armando Di Matteo, Johana Chirinos Diaz, Mary Lucia Díaz Castro, Francisco, Diogo, Carola, Dobrigkeit, Wendy, Docters, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Alexei, Dorofeev, Qader Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Maria Teresa Dova, Jan, Ebr, Ralph, Engel, Martin, Erdmann, Mona, Erfani, Escobar, Carlos O., Joao, Espadanal, Alberto, Etchegoyen, Pedro Facal San Luis, Heino, Falcke, Fang, Ke, Glennys, Farrar, Anderson, Fauth, Norberto, Fazzini, Ferguson, Andrew P., Mateus, Fernandes, Brian, Fick, Juan Manuel Figueira, Alberto, Filevich, Andrej, Filipčič, Brendan, Fox, Octavian, Fratu, Uwe, Fröhlich, Benjamin, Fuchs, Toshihiro, Fujii, Romain, Gaior, Beatriz, García, Sayri Tupac Garcia Roca, Diego Garcia Gamez, Diego Garcia Pinto, Gianpaolo, Garilli, Alberto Gascon Bravo, Florian, Gate, Hartmut, Gemmeke, Piera Luisa Ghia, Ugo, Giaccari, Marco, Giammarchi, Maria, Giller, Christian, Glaser, Henry, Glass, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Gómez Vitale, Primo F., Patrícia, Gonçalves, Gonzalez, Javier G., Nicolás, González, Ben, Gookin, Jacob, Gordon, Alessio, Gorgi, Peter, Gorham, Philippe, Gouffon, Stefan, Grebe, Nathan, Griffith, Aurelio, Grillo, Grubb, Trent D., Fausto, Guarino, Germano, Guedes, Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia, Hansen, Diego, Harari, Harrison, Thomas A., Sebastian, Hartmann, John, Harton, Andreas, Haungs, Thomas, Hebbeker, Dieter, Heck, Philipp, Heimann, Herve, Alexander E., Hill, Gary C., Carlos, Hojvat, Nicholas, Hollon, Ewa, Holt, Piotr, Homola, Jörg, Hörandel, Pavel, Horvath, Miroslav, Hrabovský, Daniel, Huber, Tim, Huege, Antonio, Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, Ingolf, Jandt, Stefan, Jansen, Cecilia, Jarne, Mariela, Josebachuili, Alex, Kääpä, Olga, Kambeitz, Karl Heinz Kampert, Peter, Kasper, Igor, Katkov, Balazs, Kégl, Bianca, Keilhauer, Azadeh, Keivani, Ernesto, Kemp, Roger, Kieckhafer, Hans, Klages, Matthias, Kleifges, Jonny, Kleinfeller, Raphael, Krause, Nicole, Krohm, Oliver, Krömer, Daniel Kruppke Hansen, Daniel, Kuempel, Norbert, Kunka, Danielle, Lahurd, Luca, Latronico, Robert, Lauer, Markus, Lauscher, Pascal, Lautridou, Sandra Le Coz, Milton, Leão, Didier, Lebrun, Paul, Lebrun, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Antoine Letessier Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry Yvon, Katrin, Link, Rebeca, López, Angeles Lopez Agüera, Karim, Louedec, Julio Lozano Bahilo, Lu, Lu, Agustin, Lucero, Marianne, Ludwig, Max, Malacari, Simone, Maldera, Manuela, Mallamaci, Jennifer, Maller, Dusan, Mandat, Paul, Mantsch, Analisa, Mariazzi, Vincent, Marin, Ioana, Mariş, Giovanni, Marsella, Daniele, Martello, Lilian, Martin, Humberto, Martinez, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Diane, Martraire, Jimmy Masías Meza, Hermann Josef Mathes, Sebastian, Mathys, James, Matthews, John, Matthews, Giorgio, Matthiae, Detlef, Maurel, Daniela, Maurizio, Eric, Mayotte, Peter, Mazur, Carlos, Medina, Gustavo Medina Tanco, Rebecca, Meissner, Maximilien, Melissas, Diego, Melo, Alexander, Menshikov, Stefano, Messina, Rishi, Meyhandan, Saša, Mićanović, Maria Isabel Micheletti, Lukas, Middendorf, Minaya, Ignacio A., Lino, Miramonti, Bogdan, Mitrica, Laura Molina Bueno, Silvia, Mollerach, Maria, Monasor, Delphine Monnier Ragaigne, François, Montanet, Carlo, Morello, Miguel, Mostafá, Moura, Celio A., Marcio Aparecido Muller, Gero, Müller, Sarah, Müller, Moritz, Münchmeyer, Roberto, Mussa, Gianni, Navarra, Sergio, Navas, Petr, Necesal, Lukas, Nellen, Anna, Nelles, Jens, Neuser, Nguyen, Phong H., Marcus, Niechciol, Lukas, Niemietz, Tim, Niggemann, Dave, Nitz, Dalibor, Nosek, Vladimir, Novotny, Lyberis, Nožka, Livingstone, Ochilo, Angela, Olinto, Micael, Oliveira, Noelia, Pacheco, Daniel Pakk Selmi Dei, Miroslav, Palatka, Juan, Pallotta, Nunzia, Palmieri, Philipp, Papenbreer, Gonzalo, Parente, Alejandra, Parra, Thomas, Paul, Miroslav, Pech, Jan, Pękala, Rodrigo, Pelayo, Iuri, Pepe, Lorenzo, Perrone, Emily, Petermann, Christine, Peters, Sergio, Petrera, Yevgeniy, Petrov, Jamyang, Phuntsok, Ricardo, Piegaia, Tanguy, Pierog, Pablo, Pieroni, Mário, Pimenta, Valerio, Pirronello, Manuel, Platino, Matthias, Plum, Alessio, Porcelli, Czeslaw, Porowski, Raul Ribeiro Prado, Paolo, Privitera, Michael, Prouza, Victor, Purrello, Quel, Eduardo J., Sven, Querchfeld, Sean, Quinn, Julian, Rautenberg, Olivier, Ravel, Diego, Ravignani, Benoît, Revenu, Jan, Ridky, Simone, Riggi, Markus, Risse, Pablo, Ristori, Vincenzo, Rizi, Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho, Iago Rodriguez Cabo, Gonzalo Rodriguez Fernandez, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Maria Dolores Rodríguez Frías, Dmytro, Rogozin, Germán, Ros, Jaime, Rosado, Tomas, Rossler, Markus, Roth, Esteban, Roulet, Adrian, Rovero, Saffi, Steven J., Alexandra, Saftoiu, Francesco, Salamida, Humberto, Salazar, Ahmed, Saleh, Francisco Salesa Greus, Gaetano, Salina, Federico, Sánchez, Patricia Sanchez Lucas, Santo, Catarina E., Edivaldo Moura Santos, Eva, Santos, Fred, Sarazin, Biswaijt, Sarkar, Raul, Sarmento, Ricardo, Sato, Nils, Scharf, Viviana, Scherini, Harald, Schieler, Peter, Schiffer, David, Schmidt, Olaf, Scholten, Harm, Schoorlemmer, Petr, Schovánek, Alexander, Schulz, Johannes, Schulz, Johannes, Schumacher, Sergio, Sciutto, Alberto, Segreto, Mariangela, Settimo, Amir, Shadkam, Shellard, Ronald C., Iván, Sidelnik, Guenter, Sigl, Octavian, Sima, Andrzej, Śmiałkowski, Radomir, Šmída, Gregory, Snow, Paul, Sommers, Sorokin, J., Ruben, Squartini, Srivastava, Yogendra N., Samo, Stanič, James, Stapleton, Jaroslaw, Stasielak, Maurice, Stephan, Anne, Stutz, Federico, Suarez, Tiina, Suomijärvi, Daniel Supanitsky, A., Michael, Sutherland, John, Swain, Zbigniew, Szadkowski, Marek, Szuba, Oscar Alejandro Taborda, Alex, Tapia, Mathieu, Tartare, Andreas, Tepe, Vanessa Menezes Theodoro, Charles, Timmermans, Todero Peixoto, Carlos J., Gabriel, Toma, Lenka, Tomankova, Bernardo, Tomé, Aurelio, Tonachini, Guillermo Torralba Elipe, Diego Torres Machado, Petr, Travnicek, Enrica, Trovato, Matias, Tueros, Ralf, Ulrich, Michael, Unger, Martin, Urban, Valdés Galicia, Jose F., Ines, Valiño, Laura, Valore, Guus van Aar, Patrick van Bodegom, van den Berg, Ad M., Sjoert van Velzen, Arjen van Vliet, Enrique, Varela, Bernardo Vargas Cárdenas, Gary, Varner, Vázquez, Jose R., Ricardo, Vázquez, Darko, Veberič, Valerio, Verzi, Jakub, Vicha, Mariela, Videla, Luis, Villaseñor, Brian, Vlcek, Serguei, Vorobiov, Hernan, Wahlberg, Oscar, Wainberg, David, Walz, Alan, Watson, Marc, Weber, Klaus, Weidenhaupt, Andreas, Weindl, Felix, Werner, Allan, Widom, Lawrence, Wiencke, Barbara, Wilczyńska, Henryk, Wilczyński, Martin, Will, Christopher, Williams, Tobias, Winchen, David, Wittkowski, Brian, Wundheiler, Sarka, Wykes, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Tolga, Yapici, Guofeng, Yuan, Alexey, Yushkov, Bruno, Zamorano, Enrique, Zas, Danilo, Zavrtanik, Marko, Zavrtanik, Ingyin, Zaw, Arnulfo, Zepeda, Jing, Zhou, Yue, Zhu, Marcelo Zimbres Silva, Michael, Ziolkowski, Francesca, Zuccarello, Rasha, Abbasi, Michihiko, Abe, Tareq Abu Zayyad, Monica, Allen, Robyn, Anderson, Ryuji, Azuma, Elliott, Barcikowski, Belz, John W., Bergman, Douglas R., Samuel Adam Blake, Robert, Cady, Min Jung Chae, Byung Gu Cheon, Junsei, Chiba, Michiyuki, Chikawa, Woo Ram Cho, Masaki, Fukushima, Takashi, Goto, William, Hanlon, Yoshio, Hayashi, Naoaki, Hayashida, Kinya, Hibino, Ken, Honda, Daisuke, Ikeda, Naoya, Inoue, Takaaki, Ishii, Rie, Ishimori, Hideo Ito (Utah, U., Riken, Dmitri, Ivanov, Jui, Charles C. H., Kenichi, Kadota, Fumio, Kakimoto, Oleg, Kalashev, Katsuaki, Kasahara, Hideyuki, Kawai, Saburo, Kawakami, Shingo, Kawana, Kazumasa, Kawata, Eiji, Kido, Hang Bae Kim, Ji Hee Kim, Ji Hyun Kim, Seiji, Kitamura, Yuki, Kitamura, Vadim, Kuzmin, Young Joon Kwon, Jian, Lan, Sun In Lim, Jon Paul Lundquist, Kazuhiro, Machida, Kai, Martens, Takeshi, Matsuda, Toshio, Matsuyama, Matthews, John N., Mayuko, Minamino, Keijiro, Mukai, Isaac, Myers, Keisuke, Nagasawa, Shigehiro, Nagataki, Toru, Nakamura, Toshiyuki, Nonaka, Asuka, Nozato, Shoichi, Ogio, Jun, Ogura, Munehiro, Ohnishi, Hideyuki, Ohoka, Kaoru, Oki, Takeshi, Okuda, Masaomi, Ono, Akitoshi, Oshima, Shunsuke, Ozawa, Park, Il H., Pshirkov, Maxim S., Douglas Chase Rodriguez, Grigory, Rubtsov, Dongsu, Ryu, Hiroyuki, Sagawa, Nobuyuki, Sakurai, Sampson, Amanda L., Scott, Lauren M., Priti Dhanesh Shah, Fumiya, Shibata, Tatsunobu, Shibata, Hideaki, Shimodaira, Bok Kyun Shin, Smith, Jeremy D., Pierre, Sokolsky, Wayne Springer, R., Benjamin Taylor Stokes, Stratton, Sean R., Thomas, Stroman, Takumi, Suzawa, Mai, Takamura, Masahiro, Takeda, Ryuji, Takeishi, Akimichi, Taketa, Masato, Takita, Yuichiro, Tameda, Hideki, Tanaka, Koichi, Tanaka, Manobu, Tanaka, Thomas, Stanton B., Thomson, Gordon B., Peter, Tinyakov, Igor, Tkachev, Hisao, Tokuno, Takayuki, Tomida, Sergey, Troitsky, Yoshiki, Tsunesada, Kazuki, Tsutsumi, Yukio, Uchihori, Shigeharu, Udo, Federico, Urban, Gina, Vasiloff, Tiffany, Wong, Hiroshi, Yamaoka, Katsuya, Yamazaki, Jongmann, Yang, Kenta, Yashiro, Shigeru, Yoshida, Hisashi, Yoshii, Rhett, Zollinger, Zachary, Zundel, Shogo, Konishi, Shingo, Wachi, Yoshiki, Nishimoto, Heungsu, Shin, Mai, Tsujimoto, Tomoya, Matsuhira, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), PIERRE AUGER, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), A., Aab, P., Abreu, M., Aglietta, E. J., Ahn, I., Al Samarai, I. F. M., Albuquerque, I., Allekotte, J., Allen, P., Allison, A., Almela, J., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez Mu?iz, R., Alves Batista, M., Ambrosio, A., Aminaei, L., Anchordoqui, S., Andringa, Aramo, Carla, F., Arquero, H., Asorey, P., Assi, J., Aublin, M., Ave, M., Avenier, G., Avila, A. M., Badescu, K. B., Barber, J., B?uml, C., Bau, J. J., Beatty, K. H., Becker, J. A., Bellido, C., Berat, M. E., Bertaina, X., Bertou, P. L., Biermann, P., Billoir, M., Blanco, C., Bleve, H., Bl?mer, M., Boh??ov?, D., Boncioli, C., Bonifazi, R., Bonino, N., Borodai, J., Brack, I., Brancu, P., Brogueira, W. C., Brown, P., Buchholz, A., Bueno, S., Buitink, Buscemi, Mario, K. S., Caballero Mora, B., Caccianiga, L., Caccianiga, M., Candusso, L., Caramete, R., Caruso, A., Castellina, G., Cataldi, L., Cazon, R., Cester, A. G., Chavez, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, J., Chudoba, Cilmo, Marco, R. W., Clay, G., Cocciolo, Colalillo, Roberta, A., Coleman, L., Collica, M. R., Coluccia, R., Concei??o, F., Contrera, M. J., Cooper, A., Cordier, S., Coutu, C. E., Covault, J., Cronin, A., Curutiu, R., Dallier, B., Daniel, S., Dasso, K., Daumiller, B. R., Dawson, R. M., de Almeida, M., De Domenico, S. J., de Jong, J. R. T., de Mello Neto, I., De Mitri, J., de Oliveira, V., de Souza, L., del Peral, O., Deligny, H., Dembinski, N., Dhital, C., Di Giulio, A., Di Matteo, J. C., Diaz, M. L., D?az Castro, F., Diogo, C., Dobrigkeit, W., Docter, J. C., D'Olivo, A., Dorofeev, Q., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, M. T., Dova, J., Ebr, R., Engel, M., Erdmann, M., Erfani, C. O., Escobar, J., Espadanal, A., Etchegoyen, P., Facal San Lui, H., Falcke, K., Fang, G., Farrar, A. C., Fauth, N., Fazzini, A. P., Ferguson, M., Fernande, B., Fick, J. M., Figueira, A., Filevich, A., Filip?i?, B. D., Fox, O., Fratu, U., Fr?hlich, B., Fuch, T., Fuji, R., Gaior, B., Garc?a, S. T., Garcia Roca, D., Garcia Gamez, D., Garcia Pinto, G., Garilli, A., Gascon Bravo, F., Gate, H., Gemmeke, P. L., Ghia, U., Giaccari, M., Giammarchi, M., Giller, C., Glaser, H., Gla, M., G?mez Berisso, P. F., G?mez Vitale, P., Gon?alve, J. G., Gonzalez, N., Gonz?lez, B., Gookin, A., Gorgi, P., Gorham, P., Gouffon, S., Grebe, N., Griffith, A. F., Grillo, T. D., Grubb, Y., Guardincerri, Guarino, Fausto, G. P., Guede, M. R., Hampel, P., Hansen, D., Harari, T. A., Harrison, S., Hartmann, J. L., Harton, A., Haung, T., Hebbeker, D., Heck, P., Heimann, A. E., Herve, G. C., Hill, C., Hojvat, N., Hollon, E., Holt, P., Homola, J. R., H?randel, P., Horvath, M., Hrabovsk?, D., Huber, T., Huege, A., Insolia, P. G., Isar, K., Islo, I., Jandt, S., Jansen, C., Jarne, M., Josebachuili, A., K??p?, O., Kambeitz, K. H., Kampert, P., Kasper, I., Katkov, B., K?gl, B., Keilhauer, A., Keivani, E., Kemp, R. M., Kieckhafer, H. O., Klage, M., Kleifge, J., Kleinfeller, R., Krause, N., Krohm, O., Kr?mer, D., Kruppke Hansen, D., Kuempel, N., Kunka, G., La Rosa, D., Lahurd, L., Latronico, R., Lauer, M., Lauscher, P., Lautridou, S., Le Coz, M. S. A. B., Le?o, D., Lebrun, P., Lebrun, M. A., Leigui de Oliveira, A., Letessier Selvon, I., Lhenry Yvon, K., Link, R., L?pez, A., Lopez Ag?era, K., Louedec, J., Lozano Bahilo, L., Lu, A., Lucero, M., Ludwig, M. C., Maccarone, M., Malacari, S., Maldera, M., Mallamaci, J., Maller, D., Mandat, P., Mantsch, A. G., Mariazzi, V., Marin, I. C., Mari?, G., Marsella, D., Martello, L., Martin, H., Martinez, O., Mart?nez Bravo, D., Martraire, J. J., Mas?as Meza, H. J., Mathe, S., Mathy, J. A. J., Matthew, J., Matthew, G., Matthiae, D., Maurel, D., Maurizio, E., Mayotte, P. O., Mazur, C., Medina, G., Medina Tanco, M., Melissa, D., Melo, E., Menichetti, A., Menshikov, S., Messina, R., Meyhandan, S., Mi?anovi?, M. I., Micheletti, L., Middendorf, I. A., Minaya, L., Miramonti, B., Mitrica, L., Molina Bueno, S., Mollerach, M., Monasor, D., Monnier Ragaigne, F., Montanet, C., Morello, M., Mostaf?, C. A., Moura, M. A., Muller, G., M?ller, M., M?nchmeyer, R., Mussa, G., Navarra, S., Nava, P., Necesal, L., Nellen, A., Nelle, J., Neuser, M., Niechciol, L., Niemietz, T., Niggemann, D., Nitz, D., Nosek, V., Novotny, L., No?ka, L., Ochilo, A., Olinto, M., Oliveira, N., Pacheco, D., Pakk Selmi Dei, M., Palatka, J., Pallotta, N., Palmieri, P., Papenbreer, G., Parente, A., Parra, T., Paul, M., Pech, J., P?kala, R., Pelayo, I. M., Pepe, L., Perrone, R., Pesce, E., Petermann, C., Peter, S., Petrera, A., Petrolini, Y., Petrov, J., Phuntsok, R., Piegaia, T., Pierog, P., Pieroni, M., Pimenta, V., Pirronello, M., Platino, M., Plum, A., Porcelli, C., Porowski, R. R., Prado, P., Privitera, M., Prouza, V., Purrello, E. J., Quel, S., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, J., Rautenberg, O., Ravel, D., Ravignani, B., Revenu, J., Ridky, S., Riggi, M., Risse, P., Ristori, V., Rizi, J., Robert, W., Rodrigues de Carvalho, I., Rodriguez Cabo, G., Rodriguez Fernandez, J., Rodriguez Rojo, M. D., Rodr?guez Fr?a, G., Ro, J., Rosado, T., Rossler, M., Roth, E., Roulet, A. C., Rovero, S. J., Saffi, A., Saftoiu, F., Salamida, H., Salazar, A., Saleh, F., Salesa Greu, G., Salina, F., S?nchez, P., Sanchez Luca, C. E., Santo, E., Santo, E. M., Santo, F., Sarazin, B., Sarkar, R., Sarmento, R., Sato, N., Scharf, V., Scherini, H., Schieler, P., Schiffer, O., Scholten, H., Schoorlemmer, P., Schov?nek, A., Schulz, J., Schulz, J., Schumacher, S. J., Sciutto, A., Segreto, M., Settimo, A., Shadkam, R. C., Shellard, I., Sidelnik, G., Sigl, O., Sima, A., ?mia?kowski, R., ?m?da, G. R., Snow, P., Sommer, J., Sorokin, R., Squartini, Y. N., Srivastava, S., Stani?, J., Stapleton, J., Stasielak, M., Stephan, A., Stutz, F., Suarez, T., Suomij?rvi, A. D., Supanitsky, M. S., Sutherland, J., Swain, Z., Szadkowski, M., Szuba, O. A., Taborda, A., Tapia, M., Tartare, V. M., Theodoro, C., Timmerman, C. J., Todero Peixoto, G., Toma, L., Tomankova, B., Tom?, A., Tonachini, G., Torralba Elipe, D., Torres Machado, P., Travnicek, E., Trovato, M., Tuero, R., Ulrich, M., Unger, M., Urban, Galicia, J. F. Vald?s., I., Vali?o, Valore, Laura, G., van Aar, A. M., van den Berg, S., van Velzen, A., van Vliet, E., Varela, B., Vargas C?rdena, G., Varner, J. R., V?zquez, R. A., V?zquez, D., Veberi?, V., Verzi, J., Vicha, M., Videla, L., Villase?or, B., Vlcek, S., Vorobiov, H., Wahlberg, O., Wainberg, D., Walz, A. A., Watson, M., Weber, K., Weidenhaupt, A., Weindl, F., Werner, A., Widom, L., Wiencke, B., Wilczy?ska, H., Wilczy?ski, M., Will, C., William, T., Winchen, D., Wittkowski, B., Wundheiler, S., Wyke, T., Yamamoto, T., Yapici, P., Younk, G., Yuan, A., Yushkov, B., Zamorano, E., Za, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, I., Zaw, A., Zepeda, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, M., Zimbres Silva, M., Ziolkowski, R. U., Abbasi, M., Abe, T., Abu Zayyad, M., Allen, R., Anderson, R., Azuma, E., Barcikowski, J. W., Belz, D. R., Bergman, S. A., Blake, R., Cady, M. J., Chae, B. G., Cheon, J., Chiba, M., Chikawa, W. R., Cho, T., Fujii, M., Fukushima, T., Goto, W., Hanlon, Y., Hayashi, N., Hayashida, K., Hibino, K., Honda, D., Ikeda, N., Inoue, T., Ishii, R., Ishimori, H., Ito, D., Ivanov, C. C. H., Jui, K., Kadota, F., Kakimoto, O., Kalashev, K., Kasahara, H., Kawai, S., Kawakami, S., Kawana, K., Kawata, E., Kido, H. B., Kim, J. H., Kim, S., Kitamura, Y., Kitamura, V., Kuzmin, Y. J., Kwon, J., Lan, S. I., Lim, J. P., Lundquist, K., Machida, K., Marten, T., Matsuda, T., Matsuyama, J. N., Matthew, M., Minamino, K., Mukai, I., Myer, K., Nagasawa, S., Nagataki, T., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, A., Nozato, S., Ogio, J., Ogura, M., Ohnishi, H., Ohoka, K., Oki, T., Okuda, M., Ono, A., Oshima, S., Ozawa, I. H., Park, M. S., Pshirkov, D. C., Rodriguez, G., Rubtsov, D., Ryu, H., Sagawa, N., Sakurai, A. L., Sampson, L. M., Scott, P. D., Shah, F., Shibata, T., Shibata, H., Shimodaira, B. K., Shin, J. D., Smith, P., Sokolsky, R. W., Springer, B. T., Stoke, S. R., Stratton, T. A., Stroman, T., Suzawa, M., Takamura, M., Takeda, R., Takeishi, A., Taketa, M., Takita, Y., Tameda, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, S. B., Thoma, G. B., Thomson, P., Tinyakov, I., Tkachev, H., Tokuno, T., Tomida, S., Troitsky, Y., Tsunesada, K., Tsutsumi, Y., Uchihori, S., Udo, F., Urban, G., Vasiloff, T., Wong, R., Yamane, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamazaki, J., Yang, K., Yashiro, Y., Yoneda, S., Yoshida, H., Yoshii, R., Zollinger, Z., Zundel, I. A., Samarai, I. F., M., J. A., Castillo, J., Alvarez Muñiz, R. A., Batista, C., Aramo, J., Bäuml, Bleve, Carla, H., Blümer, M., Boháčová, M., Buscemi, M., Cilmo, Cocciolo, Giuseppe, R., Colalillo, Coluccia, MARIA RITA, R., Conceição, R. M., De, M. D., Domenico, S. J., De, J. R., T., DE MITRI, Ivan, J. d., Oliveira, V. d., Souza, L. d., Peral, C. D., Giulio, A. D., Matteo, M. L., Díaz, Q. D., Hasankiadeh, P. F., San, A., Filipčič, U., Fröhlich, B., García, S. T., Garcia, A. G., Bravo, M. G., Berisso, P. F., Gómez, P., Gonçalve, N., González, F., Guarino, J. R., Hörandel, M., Hrabovský, A., Kääpä, B., Kégl, O., Krömer, G. L., Rosa, S. L., Coz, M. S., A., M. A., Leigui, R., López, A. L., Agüera, J. 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Horvath, M. Hrabovský, D. Huber, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, K. Islo, I. Jandt, S. Jansen, C. Jarne, M. Josebachuili, A. Kääpä, O. Kambeitz, K. H. Kampert, P. Kasper, I. Katkov, B. Kégl, B. Keilhauer, A. Keivani, E. Kemp, R. M. Kieckhafer, H. O. Klage, M. Kleifge, J. Kleinfeller, R. Krause, N. Krohm, O. Krömer, D. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Kuempel, N. Kunka, G. L. Rosa, D. LaHurd, L. Latronico, R. Lauer, M. Lauscher, P. Lautridou, S. L. Coz, M. S. A., D. Lebrun, P. Lebrun, M. A. Leigui, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, K. Link, R. López, A. L. Agüera, K. Louedec, J. L. Bahilo, L. Lu, A. Lucero, M. Ludwig, M. C. Maccarone, M. Malacari, S. Maldera, M. Mallamaci, J. Maller, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, V. Marin, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, L. Martin, H. Martinez, O. M. Bravo, D. Martraire, J. J. Masía, H. J. Mathe, S. Mathy, J. A. J., J. Matthew, G. Matthiae, D. Maurel, D. Maurizio, E. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, C. Medina, G. Medina-Tanco, M. Melissa, D. Melo, E. Menichetti, A. Menshikov, S. Messina, R. Meyhandan, S. Mićanović, M. I. Micheletti, L. Middendorf, I. A. Minaya, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, L. Molina-Bueno, S. Mollerach, M. Monasor, D. M. Ragaigne, F. Montanet, C. Morello, M. Mostafá, C. A. Moura, M. A. Muller, G. Müller, M. Münchmeyer, R. Mussa, G. Navarra, S. Nava, P. Necesal, L. Nellen, A. Nelle, J. Neuser, M. Niechciol, L. Niemietz, T. Niggemann, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, L. Ochilo, A. Olinto, M. Oliveira, N. Pacheco, D. P. Selmi-Dei, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, N. Palmieri, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, T. Paul, M. Pech, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, I. M. Pepe, L. Perrone, R. Pesce, E. Petermann, C. Peter, S. Petrera, A. Petrolini, Y. Petrov, J. Phuntsok, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, M. Plum, A. Porcelli, C. Porowski, R. R. Prado, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, V. Purrello, E. J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, J. Rautenberg, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, B. Revenu, J. Ridky, S. Riggi, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, J. Robert, W. R. de, I. R. Cabo, G. R. Fernandez, J. R. Rojo, M. D. Rodríguez-Fría, G. Ro, J. Rosado, T. Rossler, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, S. J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, A. Saleh, F. S. Greu, G. Salina, F. Sánchez, P. Sanchez-Luca, C. E. Santo, E. Santo, E. M. Santo, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, N. Scharf, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, P. Schiffer, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, A. Schulz, J. Schulz, J. Schumacher, S. J. Sciutto, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, R. C. Shellard, I. Sidelnik, G. Sigl, O. Sima, A. Śmiałkowski, R. Šmída, G. R. Snow, P. Sommer, J. Sorokin, R. Squartini, Y. N. Srivastava, S. Stanič, J. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, M. Stephan, A. Stutz, F. Suarez, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, M. S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Z. Szadkowski, M. Szuba, O. A. Taborda, A. Tapia, M. Tartare, V. M. Theodoro, C. Timmerman, C. J. Todero, G. Toma, L. Tomankova, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, G. T. Elipe, D. T. Machado, P. Travnicek, E. Trovato, M. Tuero, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, J. F. Valdé, I. Valiño, L. Valore, G. v. Aar, A. M. van, S. v. Velzen, A. v. Vliet, E. Varela, B. V. Cárdena, G. Varner, J. R. Vázquez, R. A. Vázquez, D. Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, M. Videla, L. Villaseñor, B. Vlcek, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, O. Wainberg, D. Walz, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, K. Weidenhaupt, A. Weindl, F. Werner, A. Widom, L. Wiencke, B. Wilczyńska, H. Wilczyński, M. Will, C. William, T. Winchen, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, S. Wyke, T. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, P. Younk, G. Yuan, A. Yushkov, B. Zamorano, E. Za, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Zaw, A. Zepeda, J. Zhou, Y. Zhu, M. Z. Silva, M. Ziolkowski, T. P. Auger, R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Anderson, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, M. J. Chae, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, W. R. Cho, T. Fujii, M. Fukushima, T. Goto, W. Hanlon, Y. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, C. C. H., K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. Kitamura, Y. Kitamura, V. Kuzmin, Y. J. Kwon, J. Lan, S. I. Lim, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, K. Marten, T. Matsuda, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthew, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myer, K. Nagasawa, S. Nagataki, T. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, A. Nozato, S. Ogio, J. Ogura, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, K. Oki, T. Okuda, M. Ono, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakurai, A. L. Sampson, L. M. Scott, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, R. W. Springer, B. T. Stoke, S. R. Stratton, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, S. B. Thoma, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, K. Tsutsumi, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, F. Urban, G. Vasiloff, T. Wong, R. Yamane, H. Yamaoka, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, Y. Yoneda, S. Yoshida, H. Yoshii, R. Zollinger, Z. Zundel, T. T. Array, and Research unit Astroparticle Physics
Subjects: Ciencias Físicas, Astronomy, Rays, Astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, Cosmic rays, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Pierre, law, Anisotropy, Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Energy, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astroparticle physic, Radiación cósmica, Auger, Cosmic, Arrival, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, High, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, SURFACE DETECTOR, ICECUBE, AIR-SHOWER ARRAY, Directions, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Ciencias Exactas, Pierre Auger Observatory, SPECTRUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Array, Spectral density, Spherical harmonics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Ultra, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Dipole, RESOLUTION, Space and Planetary Science, Experimental High Energy Physics, Quadrupole, Observatory, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above 1019 eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above 1019 eV. No significant deviation from isotropic expectations is found throughout the analyses performed. Upper limits on the amplitudes of the dipole and quadrupole moments are derived as a function of the direction in the sky, varying between 7% and 13% for the dipole and between 7% and 10% for a symmetric quadrupole., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
Published: 2014

42. Study of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Composition Using Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode

Author: J. D. Smith, Michiyuki Chikawa, Hideaki Shimodaira, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Mayuko Minamino, Inkyu Park, K. Honda, Yasunori Kitamura, Igor Tkachev, Douglas Bergman, Kazumasa Kawata, R. Azuma, Masaaki Tanaka, S. Kitamura, Hidemi Ito, Rasha Abbasi, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Vladim Kuzmin, K. Martens, K. Oki, T. Goto, M. J. Chae, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, M. Ohnishi, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Takahiro Fujii, J. H. Kim, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Elliott Barcikowski, Grigory Rubtsov, F. Kakimoto, L. M. Scott, S. B. Thomas, Kenta Yashiro, Dmitri Ivanov, A. Nozato, Y. Hayashi, Sergey Troitsky, H. Yoshii, Masato Takita, Akimichi Taketa, Bokkyun Shin, Mai Takamura, Fumiya Shibata, R. W. Springer, M. Abe, Takayuki Tomida, B. G. Cheon, R. Ishimori, R. Zollinger, A. L. Sampson, S. Yoshida, Tomohiro Matsuda, S. Kawakami, Zach Zundel, J. P. Lundquist, J. Yang, Hideki Tanaka, G. Vasiloff, Yoshiki Tsunesada, T. Matsuyama, Daisuke Ikeda, Hongsu Kim, J. Lan, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, S. R. Stratton, K. Hibino, Tiffany Wong, Masaki Fukushima, Federico R. Urban, Takaaki Ishii, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Maxim Pshirkov, K. Kasahara, Priti Shah, D. C. Rodriguez, Akitoshi Oshima, Masaomi Ono, Shunsuke Ozawa, Naoaki Hayashida, Toshiyuki Nonaka, T. Suzawa, Robert M. Anderson, Oleg Kalashev, W. R. Cho, K. Nagasawa, Y. Mukai, Hiroshi Yamaoka, Toru Nakamura, Isaac Myers, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Kenichi Kadota, Shingo Kawana, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, Y. Uchihori, H. Tokuno, Heungsu Shin, Ryuji Takeishi, M. Allen, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, H. Kawai, John Belz, Eiji Kido, Kazuhiro Machida, K. Tsutsumi, Pierre Sokolsky, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, J. Ogura, and B. T. Stokes
Subjects: Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Resolution (electron density), Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Auger, law.invention, Computational physics, Telescope, Observatory, law, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays(UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly's Eye(HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory(PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array(TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of Xmax are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique., Comment: 23 pages, 30 figures
Published: 2014
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43. Upper limit on the flux of photons with energies above1019 eVusing the Telescope Array surface detector

Author: S. Kitamura, K. Kasahara, B. G. Cheon, John Belz, T. Shirahama, Y. Murano, T. Iguchi, X. Zhou, H. Kawai, Maxim Pshirkov, W. R. Cho, Fumiya Shibata, M. Tanaka, K. Nagasawa, Y. Yoneda, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, M. Ohnishi, R. Ishimori, Y. Kondo, K. Martens, Hideki Tanaka, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, A. L. Sampson, S. Udo, K. Oki, Yasuhiro H. Takahashi, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, Ben Stokes, K. Kuramoto, Grigory Rubtsov, Zach Zundel, M. Wood, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, L. M. Scott, H. Yoshii, S. B. Thomas, S. W. Nam, Shoichi Ogio, Toru Nakamura, Y. Uchihori, E. J. Cho, Y. Hayashi, S. Y. Roh, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Naoaki Hayashida, R. Zollinger, Kenichi Kadota, T. Kanbe, Michiyuki Chikawa, S. Iwamoto, S. Kawakami, Robert M. Anderson, J. H. Kim, S. Machida, Isaac Myers, S. Suzuki, Tomohiro Matsuda, Charlie Jui, J. Yang, K. Kitamoto, Inkyu Park, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Daisuke Ikeda, J. Lan, Hideaki Shimodaira, K. Kobayashi, Mayuko Minamino, K. Hayashi, S. R. Stratton, Douglas Bergman, Hiroyuki Sagawa, K. Honda, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Tiffany Wong, T. Fukuda, Masaki Fukushima, Yasunori Kitamura, T. Fujii, Vladim Kuzmin, R. Aida, Hiroshi Yamaoka, S. Yoshida, Fumio Kakimoto, Y. Wada, K. Hibino, D. Oku, Sergey Troitsky, K. Tsutsumi, J. I. Shin, K. Hiyama, K. Yamazaki, Takaaki Ishii, Taka Tomida, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, T.-A. Shibata, Y. Yamakawa, Gordon Thomson, Elliott Barcikowski, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, D. C. Rodriguez, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, G. Vasiloff, Akitoshi Oshima, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, Masato Takita, Y. Tsuyuguchi, Igor Tkachev, Shunsuke Ozawa, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Hyun-Il Kim, T. Matsuyama, Hongsu Kim, Akimichi Taketa, M. Allen, Eiji Kido, Y. Kobayashi, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, H. Tokuno, J. D. Smith, K. Miyata, Bokkyun Shin, Pierre Sokolsky, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Shingo Kawana, K. Ikuta, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, Dmitry Gorbunov, William Hanlon, T. Okuda, and O. Kalashev
Subjects: Physics, Surface (mathematics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Limit (mathematics), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We search for ultra-high energy photons by analyzing geometrical properties of shower fronts of events registered by the Telescope Array surface detector. By making use of an event-by-event statistical method, we derive upper limits on the absolute flux of primary photons with energies above ${10}^{19}$, ${10}^{19.5}$, and ${10}^{20}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$ based on the first three years of data taken.
Published: 2013

44. On radar detection of chirp signals with nondeterministic parameters in challenging noise background

Author: John Belz, Mohamed Abou Bakr Othman, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, and Isaac Myers
Subjects: Continuous-wave radar, Physics, Bistatic radar, Space-time adaptive processing, Radar engineering details, law, Pulse-Doppler radar, Electronic engineering, Chirp, Radar, law.invention, Passive radar
Abstract: Chirp signals arise in many applications of signal processing. In this paper, we address the problem of detecting chirp signals that are encountered in a bistatic radar which we are developing for remote sensing of cosmic ray induced air showers. The received echoes from the air showers are wideband (several megahertz) and characterized by very short sweep periods (few microseconds). Furthermore, their corresponding parameters are variable within some expected ranges, which makes our detection problem a challenging one. The primary focus of this research is to address these challenges and find an optimized detection approach under the existing receiver environment which contains different spurious noises and non-stationary sources. We propose a detection algorithm based on Hough transform for detecting our radar received echoes and we compare the resulting performance to the conventional likelihood-ratio test (LRT) detector. In this context, detection performance is evaluated based on real experimental data.
Published: 2013

45. The Energy Spectrum of Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and the Direct Comparison to the High Resolution Fly's Eye Experiment

Author: Fumiya Shibata, R. Ishimori, Y. J. Kwon, Hideyuki Ohoka, Y. Wada, O. Kalashev, R. W. Springer, Sergey Troitsky, Y. Uchihori, S. Suzuki, Jihee Kim, Tomohiro Matsuda, Hideaki Shimodaira, N. Sakurai, T.-A. Shibata, Douglas Bergman, Gordon Thomson, K. Miyata, Y. Yoneda, W. R. Cho, Tom Stroman, R. Zollinger, Robert Cady, Toru Nakamura, Kenichi Kadota, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, Pierre Sokolsky, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, Kiyoshi Kuramoto, K. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kitamoto, Bokkyun Shin, John Belz, Naoaki Hayashida, Y. Tsuyuguchi, M. Takeda, Shigehiro Nagataki, S. Kitamura, Y. Murano, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ben Stokes, Mayuko Minamino, K. Honda, M. Ohnishi, T. Matsuyama, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, K. Martens, Takaaki Ishii, T. Shirahama, H. Kawai, S. Y. Roh, Yasunori Kitamura, Masaaki Tanaka, C. C. H. Jui, Hideki Tanaka, D. C. Rodriguez, K. Oki, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Inkyu Park, HangBae Kim, T. Kanbe, T. Fujii, K. Tsutsumi, Dmitry Gorbunov, L. M. Scott, K. Hibino, S. B. Thomas, Robert M. Anderson, S. Yoshida, Y. Hayashi, Isaac Myers, Maxim Pshirkov, Shingo Kawana, Akimichi Taketa, William Hanlon, Akitoshi Oshima, B. G. Cheon, J. Martineau, S. Machida, Shunsuke Ozawa, Y. Kondo, Vladim Kuzmin, Eiji Kido, S. Udo, K. Ikuta, R. Aida, A. L. Sampson, Kiyoshi Tanaka, H. Yoshii, Grigory Rubtsov, K. Hayashi, Yoshiki Tsunesada, S. Kawakami, H. Tokuno, Fumio Kakimoto, J. D. Smith, Daisuke Ikeda, M. Allen, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, S. R. Stratton, H. Fujii, Tiffany Wong, Yukio Takahashi, T. Fukuda, Masaki Fukushima, J. I. Shin, E. J. Cho, Michiyuki Chikawa, J. Yang, Zach Zundel, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hiroshi Yamaoka, G. Vasiloff, Jyunsei Chiba, Dongsu Ryu, T. J. Sonley, S. W. Nam, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, S. Iwamoto, H. K. Kim, Masato Takita, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, K. Kasahara, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Takayuki Tomida, T. Iguchi, M. Wood, P. Tinyakov, and Y. Yamakawa
Subjects: Physics, Monocular, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Drum, Scintillator, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Scintillation counter, Calibration, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The Telescope Array's Middle Drum fluorescence detector was instrumented with telescopes refurbished from the High Resolution Fly's Eye's HiRes-1 site. The data observed by Middle Drum in monocular mode was analyzed via the HiRes-1 profile-constrained geometry reconstruction technique and utilized the same calibration techniques enabling a direct comparison of the energy spectra and energy scales between the two experiments. The spectrum measured using the Middle Drum telescopes is based on a three-year exposure collected between December 16, 2007 and December 16, 2010. The calculated difference between the spectrum of the Middle Drum observations and the published spectrum obtained by the data collected by the HiRes-1 site allows the HiRes-1 energy scale to be transferred to Middle Drum. The HiRes energy scale is applied to the entire Telescope Array by making a comparison between Middle Drum monocular events and hybrid events that triggered both Middle Drum and the Telescope Array's scintillator Ground Array., Comment: 27 pages, 21 figures
Published: 2012
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46. The surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment

Author: Taka Tomida, Hideaki Shimodaira, Naoaki Hayashida, Y. Tsuyuguchi, T. Matsuyama, G. Vasiloff, Jyunsei Chiba, R. Zollinger, Dongsu Ryu, H. Tokuno, B. T. Stokes, K. Oki, Grigory Rubtsov, K. Yamazaki, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, John Belz, H. Kawai, Y. Murano, Y. Wada, Yoji Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Sagawa, J. H. Kim, T. J. Sonley, M. Allen, T. Kanbe, Y. J. Kwon, Robert M. Anderson, S. Yoshida, Hideyuki Ohoka, S. Iwamoto, L. M. Scott, K. Kuramoto, Akimichi Taketa, Dmitry Gorbunov, H. Miyauchi, Hideki Tanaka, Y. Hayashi, Isaac Myers, N. Inoue, S. I. Lim, K. Tsutsumi, Akitoshi Oshima, Zach Zundel, Shingo Kawana, T. Shirahama, M. Ohnishi, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, S. Machida, B. G. Cheon, K. Hibino, Toshiyuki Nonaka, William Hanlon, Shunsuke Ozawa, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Vladim Kuzmin, Oleg Kalashev, A. L. Sampson, Daisuke Ikeda, K. Miyata, K. Ikuta, R. Aida, W. R. Cho, R. W. Springer, S. R. Stratton, Bokkyun Shin, Tiffany Wong, S. Kawakami, T. Fukuda, Toru Nakamura, Masaki Fukushima, Kenichi Kadota, Y. Uchihori, Tomohiro Matsuda, J. Martineau, Eiji Kido, K. Kobayashi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, S. B. Thomas, H. Yoshii, E. J. Cho, S. Suzuki, S. W. Nam, Douglas Bergman, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, Takaaki Ishii, Michiyuki Chikawa, D. C. Rodriguez, HangBae Kim, Takeshi Okuda, Igor Tkachev, Yukio Takahashi, J. I. Shin, Elliott Barcikowski, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, J. Yang, K. Kitamoto, Kenichi Tanaka, Peter Tinyakov, Samuel Blake, Shoichi Ogio, Mayuko Minamino, H. Ukai, Priti Shah, K. Honda, Fumiya Shibata, Pierre Sokolsky, R. Ishimori, M. Takeda, Masato Takita, M. Tanaka, K. Martens, Y. Kondo, T.-A. Shibata, Gordon Thomson, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Tom Stroman, Robert Cady, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Hyun-Il Kim, S. Y. Roh, Inkyu Park, T. Fujii, K. Hayashi, Fumio Kakimoto, Maxim Pshirkov, T. Iguchi, J. D. Smith, M. Wood, Y. Yamakawa, Katsuaki Kasahara, and Sergey Troitsky
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Telescope Array experiment, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Detector array, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Physique, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Track (disk drive), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Ground level, Extensive air shower array, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, located in the western desert of Utah, USA, is designed for the observation of extensive air showers from extremely high energy cosmic rays. The experiment has a surface detector array surrounded by three fluorescence detectors to enable simultaneous detection of shower particles at ground level and fluorescence photons along the shower track. The TA surface detectors and fluorescence detectors started full hybrid observation in March, 2008. In this article we describe the design and technical features of the TA surface detector. © 2012 Elsevier B.V., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2012
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47. THE COSMIC-RAY ENERGY SPECTRUM OBSERVED WITH THE SURFACE DETECTOR OF THE TELESCOPE ARRAY EXPERIMENT

Author: Elliott Barcikowski, John Belz, Dmitri Ivanov, H. Fujii, Thomas Stroman, Y. Murano, K. Kitamoto, K. Yamazaki, A. L. Sampson, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, R. Yamane, Zach Zundel, Mayuko Minamino, E. J. Cho, Younghoon Kwon, Yasunori Kitamura, Takayuki Tomida, K. Ikuta, Y. Yoneda, Akitoshi Oshima, S. Kawana, T. Shirahama, S. I. Lim, Michiyuki Chikawa, Inkyu Park, Nobuyuki Sakurai, ByongGu Cheon, L. M. Scott, Tomoyuki Nakamura, S. Kitamura, Y. Hayashi, T. Fujii, V.A. Kuzmin, William Hanlon, Fumiya Shibata, Fumio Kakimoto, H. Kawai, Yoshiki Tsunesada, S. Kawakami, T. Okuda, Hiroyuki Sagawa, K. Nagasawa, H. Shimodaira, S. W. Nam, S. Y. Roh, S. Yoshida, Naoya Inoue, Ross Anderson, H. Tanaka, H. Yoshii, H. Ukai, Daisuke Ikeda, S. R. Stratton, Yukio Uchihori, Katsuaki Kasahara, Tiffany Wong, R. Ishimori, Toshio Matsuyama, K. Oki, Priti Shah, Yukio Takahashi, K. Tsutsumi, T. Fukuda, Masaki Fukushima, J. H. Kim, Yuichiro Tameda, John N. Matthews, Maxim Pshirkov, M. Tanaka, Y. Kondo, K. Hibino, S. Udo, C. C. H. Jui, T. Kanbe, J. I. Shin, H. Tokuno, Eiji Kido, S. Machida, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Yoji Kobayashi, Tatsunobu Shibata, Kenichi Tanaka, S. Nagataki, Masahiro Takeda, Ken Honda, T. Iguchi, J. D. Smith, Peter Tinyakov, S. B. Thomas, Samuel Blake, B. T. Stokes, Grigory Rubtsov, Isaac Myers, Gordon Thomson, M. Ohnishi, K. Miyata, Shoichi Ogio, Sergey Troitsky, Kiyoshi Kuramoto, Shunsuke Ozawa, Akimichi Taketa, Igor Tkachev, Pierre Sokolsky, R. Cady, K. Hayashi, R. Azuma, T. Matsuura, Oleg Kalashev, D. Rodriguez, G. Vasiloff, R. Aida, W. R. Cho, Hyun-Il Kim, Jyunsei Chiba, Takaaki Ishii, Y. Tsuyuguchi, Dongsu Ryu, K. Martens, HangBae Kim, Naoaki Hayashida, Masato Takita, Tomohiro Matsuda, M. Wood, Kenichi Kadota, B. K. Shin, S. Iwamoto, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamaoka, Y. Wada, S. Suzuki, Y. Yamakawa, Douglas Bergman, H. Ohoka, D. Oku, K. Hiyama, J. Yang, J. Lan, X. Zhou, Mark Allen, and R. Zollinger
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Surface (mathematics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Computational physics, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, Cutoff, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The Telescope Array (TA) collaboration has measured the energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays with primary energies above 1.6 x 10^(18) eV. This measurement is based upon four years of observation by the surface detector component of TA. The spectrum shows a dip at an energy of 4.6 x 10^(18) eV and a steepening at 5.4 x 10^(19) eV which is consistent with the expectation from the GZK cutoff. We present the results of a technique, new to the analysis of ultra-high energy cosmic ray surface detector data, that involves generating a complete simulation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays striking the TA surface detector. The procedure starts with shower simulations using the CORSIKA Monte Carlo program where we have solved the problems caused by use of the "thinning" approximation. This simulation method allows us to make an accurate calculation of the acceptance of the detector for the energies concerned., Comment: Accepted for publication by Astrophysical Journal Letters
Published: 2013

48. TARA: Forward-scattered radar detection of UHECR at the telescope array

Author: Pierre Sokolsky, Elliott Barcikowski, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Isaac Myers, D. Z. Besson, J. P. Lundquist, Toshio Terasawa, S. Kunwar, Daisuke Ikeda, M. Abu Bakr Othman, Gordon Thomson, Shane L. Larson, Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny, Christopher Allen, Takuji Nakamura, J. S. Rankin, William Hanlon, Helio Takai, Ilya Kravchenko, and John Belz
Subjects: Physics, Radar cross-section, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, Transmitter, Cosmic ray, Effective radiated power, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Bistatic radar, Air shower, 13. Climate action, law, 0103 physical sciences, Radar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing
Abstract: Increased event statistics will be required to definitively answer the question of the origin(s) of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR). Using current technologies however, achieving the necessary statistics may be financially and practically impossible. We describe the status and plans of the TARA project, an effort to detect Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays by their forward scattered or “bistatic” radar signature. Bistatic radar holds promise as a new remote sensing technique for UHECR, without the duty cycle limitations of nitrogen fluorescence detectors. Such a technique could prove key in advancing the study of UHECR beyond the constraints of the current generation of cosmic ray observatories. TARA consists of a low-VHF television transmitter illuminating the air above the Telescope Array (TA), and a set of radio receivers on the far side of TA approximately 50 km distant from the transmitter. We have collected radar data since April 2011 using a 2 kW transmitter at 54.1 MHz. Recently, we received permission to increase our broadcast power to 40 kW and our effective radiated power (ERP) to 6 MW. On the receiver end, we are employing software-defined radio receivers and developing real-time trigger algorithms based on the expected air shower radar echo. In addition to presenting an overview of the project status and future plans, we will present the most recent results of searches for coincidences between radar echoes and Telescope Array air shower events.
Published: 2013

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