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The study assessed the Global Quality Score (GQS) and informational engagement of users with YouTube videos on the Brazilian public health system (SUS). The YouTube video search tool was used with the Portuguese keywords ‘unified health system’ and ‘SUS’. The first 100 videos returned in the search were studied, using the GQS to measure their educational value, usefulness, and information quality. Users’ engagement with the videos was calculated based on their number of likes/reactions and comments. Other data collected were authorship, year of publication, topic approached, target audience, video length, and use of references. Two trained and calibrated researchers collected the data. Multiple analysis was performed with Logistic Regression, using a 95% confidence interval and significance of p

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify and describe the characteristics of coronavirus (COVID-19)-disease related dental research in Brazil presented at the 38th Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Division of the International Association for Dental Research (SBPqO). A search was carried out in the proceedings of the meeting to retrieve all abstracts. Those containing the term “COVID-19” in titles, abstracts, or keywords, and/or those of which the scope approached a COVID-19-related topic were included. The variables extracted from abstracts were: presenter category, field of study, design, data collection method, population, affiliation, and authors’ gender. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, with a significance level of α = 0.05. The search retrieved 185 abstracts, 5 did not meet study eligibility criteria and were excluded. COVID-19-related research was presented by either aspiring/associate members (67.8%) or beginner members (32.2%). Data collection methods were predominantly digitally mediated (65%), followed by secondary data use (25%), and in-person data collection (7.2%). Irrespective of the role of authorship, there were a ratio of two female authors to each male. Among the last authors, the ratio was three females to each male. Female lead authors more frequently came from the Southeast region (71.8%; p = 0.470). There was an association between presenter category and study design (p = 0.012), clinical and epidemiological studies were more concentrated among experienced presenters. In conclusion, female dental researchers affiliated to southeastern institutions approached the topic of pandemic more frequently than male colleagues. The use of digital technology for data collection may have long-lasting impacts on the teaching and publication of dental research.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of sleep bruxism activity with smartphone addiction and sleep quality among university students during COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey with 546 university students in social distancing was conducted (May 29th to June 2nd 2020). Participants should be undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in Brazilian public/private universities. A self-completed questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics, academic information, and severity of possible sleep bruxism (PSB) activities (grinding, bracing, and thrusting). Students answered the Brazilian version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-BR) and short form of the smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV). Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were performed (p=0.05). Results: Sample mean age was 24.9 (±5.5) years. Students with higher scores of PSQI-BR were more likely to present severe PSB-bracing (OR=1.154; 95%CI=1.057-1.260), severe PSB-grinding (OR=1.133; 95%CI=1.048-1.225) and severe PSB-thrusting (OR=1.197;95%CI=1.107-1.294). Students who had children presented 3 times more chance (OR=3.193; 95%CI=1.236-8.250) to report severe PSB-thrusting. Being female increased the chance of reporting moderate (OR=3.315; 95%CI=1.333-8.914) and severe (OR=2.940; 95%CI=1.116-7.747) PSB-thrusting. Students not enrolled in distance learning presented 2 times more chance (OR=2.638; 95%CI=1.233-5.649) of reporting moderate PSB-grinding. Students with higher scores in SAS-SV had a slight increase in the chance of presenting mild (OR=1.042; 95%CI=1.009-1.077) and moderate (OR=1.065; 95%CI=1.018-1.115) PSB-bracing, as well as mild (OR=1.044; 95%CI=1.011-1.078) and moderate (OR=1.041; 95%CI=1.005-1.077) PSB-thrusting. Conclusion: Smartphone addiction, worse sleep quality, having children, female sex and not being enrolled in distance learning were associated possible sleep bruxism during COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess whether mothers’ sense of coherence (SOC) was a predictor of decline in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschoolers. A 3-year cohort study was conducted in Diamantina, Brazil. At baseline, 162 preschoolers aged one to three years were randomly selected from among children registered in local Primary Healthcare Units. In the first stage, mothers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS), and the Brazilian short version of the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13). The total score obtained from the SOC-13 was used to select exposed and unexposed children. Clinical examinations were performed to detect the presence of dental caries, traumatic dental injury, and malocclusion. At follow-up, mothers completed the sociodemographic questionnaire and the B-ECOHIS again. The incidence of severe dental caries and adherence to the proposed treatment at baseline were evaluated. A decline in OHRQoL was considered if there was an increase in the B-ECOHIS score of at least one unit. The chi-square test and Poisson regression were performed. A total of 151 preschoolers participated in the study, among whom 37.7% showed a decline in OHRQoL. Mothers’ SOC was not associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL (RR = 1.24; 95%CI = 0.81–1.88), while the incidence of severe dental caries had a greater impact on the decline in OHRQoL (RR = 2.02; 95%CI = 1.29–3.16). Mothers’ low SOC was not a predictor of decline in the OHRQoL of preschoolers after a 3-year follow-up period.

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic factors, oral conditions and the impact of OHRQoL as possible risk indicators related to the incidence of untreated dental caries in preschool children two years after an initial examination. A prospective longitudinal study was performed with a sample of 288 preschool children allocated to two groups at baseline (T0): caries free (n = 144) and with untreated dental caries (n = 144). Untreated dental caries was determined through clinical examinations performed by a calibrated dentist at T0 (Kappa > 0,89) and T1 (two years after the baseline) (Kappa > 0,91) using the dmft criteria. Parents/caregivers answered a socioeconomic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) at T0 and T1. Mann-Whitney test and hierarchically adjusted Poisson regression models were used (95%CI, p < 0,05). The incidence of untreated dental caries was 41.3%. Low (RR = 1.63; 95%CI:1.18–2.26; p < 0.001) and high severity of untreated dental caries (RR = 1.92; 95%CI:1.36–2.72; p < 0.001), monthly household income less than two times the Brazilian minimum salary (RR = 1.79; 95%CI:1.04–3.25; p = 0.042) and overall B-ECOHIS score (RR = 1.03; 95%CI:1.02–1.05; p < 0.001) at T0 were risk indicators for the incidence of untreated dental caries among the preschool children. In conclusion, the incidence of untreated dental caries was high and the higher severity of untreated dental caries, the lower monthly income and the higher the B-ECOHIS score (indicating a negative impact on quality of life) were risk indicators to the developing of new lesions of untreated dental caries after 2 years.

Objective: To analyze the difference of socioeconomic factors among mothers of preterm and full-term infants. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was developed with 250 mothers of children aged three to five years. The sample was divided into two groups: 125 mothers of preterm infants from the referral center of a public hospital in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil and 125 mothers of children born full-term at a daycare center within the same city. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic data and type of breastfeeding. To verify if there was association between the dependent variable gestational age at birth and the independent variables, the chi-square test was used. A final model with multiple Poisson regression estimated prevalence ratio values for each independent variable was developed. Results: The final multiple regression model showed that mothers that have a low monthly income of up to USD 450.28 (PR = 1.979, 95% CI = 1.082–3.620), used drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol during their pregnancy (PR = 4.095, 95% CI = 2.422–6.921), and did not breastfeed (PR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.205– 4.369) were more likely to give birth to preterm infants. Conclusion: Low monthly family income, use of drugs, alcohol, or smoking during pregnancy and absence of breastfeeding were more frequent on mothers of preterm infants.

Objective: To assess the impact of wearing palatal expanders on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children aged 8 to 10 years. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 35 children aged 8 to 10 years treated at the orthodontics and pediatric dentistry outpatient clinics affiliated with the Dental School. Children were divided in two groups: 17 were submitted to palatal expansion treatment (Group 1), while 18 just received coronal polishing and topical fluoride application (Group 2). The Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) was used to assess children’s OHRQoL. The questionnaire was administered before the expander was placed, at the end of its activation, and before its removal. Intervals between the interviews were similar in the two groups. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used for data analyses. Results: The overall CPQ8-10 score was not significantly different between the groups. The results show statistically significant differences between the two groups only for the functional limitations domain after activation of the appliance (p=0.001). Conclusion: Palatal expanders may negatively affect children's functions only during the initial wearing period.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of oral health clinical and non-clinical indicators on adolescents’ academic performance. Material and Methods: A longitudinal design was performed with a random sample of 1,134 12-year-old Brazilian adolescents. In 2012, the adolescents were clinically assessed by calibrated dentists and investigated about demographics, socioeconomic factors, dental service use, toothache, and verbal bullying related to oral condition via structured questionnaires. The contextual variable was obtained from the city’s official database. After two years, 771 adolescents were reassessed. The outcome adolescent’s academic performance (good or poor) was collected through official school’s register. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associated factors for adolescents’ academic performance. Results: Adolescents with toothache (OR 1.74; CI 95%: 1.05-2.89), who have been a victim of bullying (OR 2.23; CI 95%: 1.21-4.09), and were male (OR 1.92; CI 95%: 1.19-3.09) had a lower academic performance. On the other hand, adolescents whose mothers had higher educational levels (OR 1.79; CI 95%: 1.08-2.97) and belonged to higher-income households (OR 1.95; CI 95%: 1.18-3.23) had higher academic performance when compared to their peers. Conclusion: Adverse oral conditions, as well as subjective and socioeconomic factors, impacted on adolescents’ academic performance.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between human development and dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren from the twenty-seven Brazilian states and to analyze the spatial distribution of these variables. Material and Methods: This was an ecological study using secondary data from the National Epidemiological Oral Health Survey 2010 and from the United Nations Development Program. Human development was measured by the Human Development Index (HDI) and dental caries by the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT). Dental caries prevalence and experience at the age of 12, and state HDI were entered into Google Sheets® and Google My Maps® for map creation. Data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation (HDI and DMFT, DMFT individual components, prevalence of dental caries and prevalence of dental pain) (p

Abstract: This study aimed to develop and validate the Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC), a malocclusion-specific measure of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children aged 3-5 years and their parents/caregivers. A pool of items was analysed to identify those relevant to the assessment of the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL. Dental professionals and mothers of children with and without malocclusion rated the importance of these items. The final version of the MIS-EC was evaluated in a cross-sectional study comprising 381 parents of children aged 3–5 years to assess construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Twenty-two items were identified from item pooling. After item reduction, eight items were chosen to constitute the MIS-EC, in addition to two general questions. The MIS-EC demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79 for the Child Impact section and 0.53 for the Family Impact section), and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94), floor effect was 55.7% and ceiling effect 0%. MIS-EC scores indicating worse OHRQoL were significantly associated with the presence of malocclusion (p < 0.05). The MIS-EC is reliable and valid for assessing the impact of malocclusion on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents/caregivers.

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of rare and inherited metabolic disorders caused by the accumulation of macromolecule glycosaminoglycans inside lysosomes. Affected individuals may have dental and craniofacial tissue alterations, facilitating the development of several oral diseases. Objectives To assess, with panoramic radiographic images, the frequency of dental and maxillomandibular incidental findings among MPS individuals and compare them with non-MPS individuals. Methodology A cross-sectional study evaluating a sample of 14 MPS individuals and 28 non-MPS individuals aged from 5 to 26 years was carried out. They were matched for sex and age on a 2:1 proportion. Panoramic radiographs were assessed for the presence/absence of the following dental and maxillomandibular alterations: dental anomalies of number (hypodontia/dental agenesis, supernumerary teeth); anomalies of form (microdontia, macrodontia, conoid teeth, taurodontism, and root dilaceration); anomalies of position (impacted tooth, inverted tooth, tooth migration, partially bony teeth, complete bony teeth); periapical alterations (furcation lesion, circumscribed bone rarefaction); other alterations (radiolucent bone lesions, radiopaque bone lesions, radiopacity in the maxillary sinus, condylar hypoplasia). Differences between groups were tested by the Fisher’s exact test and chi-square test (p

Objetivo: Verificar la interferencia del embarazo en las percepciones en salud bucal de adolescentes embarazadas de 12 a 18 años, con baja condición socio-económica, residentes en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con las adolescentes (n=60) divididas en dos grupos: embarazada (n=30) o no embarazada (n=30). Entre las gestantes, diez estaban en el primer trimestre de gestación, trece en el segundo, y siete en el último trimestre de gestación. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales. Se realizó el análisis del contenido. Resultados: Tres categorías de análisis surgieron a través del contenido manifestado en ambos grupos: consciencia de determinantes de la salud bucal (conocimientos y actitudes), reacciones emocionales relativas a la salud bucal (sentimientos positivos, pasividad y sentimientos negativos) y valores en salud bucal (apariencia, función social de los padres). Conclusión: Entre las jóvenes se observó que la experiencia del embarazo no interfirió en las percepciones en salud bucal.

Abstract Recently, there has been greater interest in adopting a more holistic approach to healthcare. However, this trend should not limit itself merely to the notion that a human being lies behind the mouth being treated. Rather, it should embrace the understanding that this human can actively participate in and contribute to the treatment process. Patient Report Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Patient Report Experience Measures (PREMs) provide means for measuring data from the patient’s perspective, and enable health-related feelings and functions to be evaluated. Accordingly, this critical review aims to provide definitions, rationales and applications of patient-centered approaches in dental clinical research. Some patient-centered constructs are especially relevant to dental clinical trials, such as oral health-related quality of life, pain/discomfort, aesthetics and satisfaction concerning treatment and services. The selection and application of patient-reported measures can vary according to condition (generic, disease-specific or treatment-specific) and to the specific population evaluated (age and cognitive impairment). These measures can help weigh risks and benefits, as well as assess the cost effectiveness of treatments, thus influencing treatment recommendations and health policies. The incorporation of these measures into a professional’s daily life not only represents an improvement in professional performance, but also addresses a humanitarian concern.

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to compare the perceptions of the parents/ caregivers of young people with and without Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) with regards to their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 29 individuals with MPS and 29 normotypic individuals aged three to 21 years and their parents/caregivers. All parents/caregivers of young people with MPS in follow-up at two reference hospitals in the city of Belo Horizonte, southeastern Brazil, were invited to participate in the study. Individuals without MPS were recruited from the pediatric clinics of both hospitals. Parents/caregivers answered a structured questionnaire addressing the sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral habits and medical and dental history of the children as well as the Brazilian short-form version of the Parental-Caregiver (P-CPQ). The individuals with and without MPS were examined for malocclusion, dental caries and oral hygiene by an examiner who had undergone training and calibration exercises. Mean age of the subjects was 12.1 years (± 4.2). Comparing total P-CPQ scores and scores on the oral symptoms, functional limitations and wellbeing domains, the parents/caregivers individuos with MPS reported a statistically significant greater negative impact on OS domain than their counterparts. Regarding the clinical variables, malocclusion was also associated a greater negative impact on OHRQoL of young people with MPS when compared to those of young people without MPS. Our findings show the great negative impact caused by the malocclusion of young people with MPS.

Abstract Recent new zoonotic respiratory viruses have infected humans and led to severe acute respiratory syndrome: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), influenza A H5N1, influenza A H1N1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The first SARS-CoV outbreak took place in 2003, in Guangdong, China. A decade later, another pathogenic coronavirus, MERS-CoV caused an endemic in Middle Eastern countries. The latest pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has been related to the newly isolated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For the first time since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s. Dentistry is facing a new turning point. This critical review aims to discuss the impact of COVID-19 infection on oral health care. In dental practice COVID-19 patients are the main source of infection and symptomatic patients are more contagious. Dentists can be first line of diagnosis of the disease, as they work in close contact with patients and are at the risk of being affected by COVID-19 and all respiratory infections. Several guidelines for dental practice environments have been published by dental associations and regulatory boards. It is already evident that biological, psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have present and future impacts on dental practice. Dental schools, regulatory boards, scientific associations, government authorities, and public and private health care services must join efforts to design enduring answers for severe and long-standing viral challenges.

Our study sought to evaluate the prevalence of binge drinking in adolescents and its association with density of alcohol outlets around schools. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with 436 high-school students aged between 17 and 19 and enrolled in 18 public and private schools. The students completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C), consisting of questions about alcohol consumption by parents and siblings, and socioeconomic status (type of school, mother’s education level). Data from geographic information systems were used to estimate the density of alcohol outlets around schools participating. The association between exploratory variables and binge drinking was investigated using multilevel logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) with random intercepts and fixed slopes. A three-step sequential modeling strategy was adopted. The prevalence of binge drinking was 39.9%. The alcohol consumption among adolescents was lower for those studying in areas with low density of alcohol outlets around schools (OR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.14; 0.73) and the consumption of alcohol by mothers was associated with binge drinking among adolescents (OR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.14; 3.30). Our study concluded that binge drinking among adolescents was associated with density of alcohol outlets around the schools and mother’s alcohol consumption.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell disease may have their quality of life affected by oral alterations. However, there is still little data on oral health-related quality of life in these children. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sickle cell disease, socioeconomic characteristics, and oral conditions on oral health-related quality of life of children and teens. METHOD: One hundred and six children and teens with sickle cell disease were compared to a similar sample of 385 healthy peers. Data were collected through oral examinations, interviews to assess quality of life (Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children aged 8-10 and 11-14) and questionnaires containing questions on socioeconomic status. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of the Child Perceptions Questionnaires or domain scores comparing sickle cell disease patients to control subjects. When sub-scales were compared, oral symptoms and functional limitations had a greater negative impact on the quality of life of adolescents with sickle cell disease (p-value

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and discriminate the associated factors between enamel fractures and other trauma/trauma sequelae in 8 to 10-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren. A representative sample of 1,201 children from public and private schools were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires about sociodemographic characteristics were answered by parents. The outcome variable (traumatic dental injury, TDI) was multi-categorized. Independent individual variables were sex, age, number of residents in household, parents/caregivers’ level of education, family income, dental caries, and overjet. Type of school was considered an independent contextual variable. Multilevel analysis, bivariate, and multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were performed. The prevalence of TDI was 14.0% (2.8% with other trauma/trauma sequelae). The multilevel analysis revealed no significant difference between the type of school and TDI. The multinomial logistic regression showed that boys (OR = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.1–4.8), older children (OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1–3.0) and individuals with an overjet > 3 mm (OR = 2.5; 95%CI: 1.0–6.2) were more likely to present other trauma/trauma sequelae. Enamel fracture was not significantly associated with any variables. The prevalence of TDI in 8 to 10-year-old schoolchildren was 14% but only 2.8% of other trauma/trauma sequelae. Differences regarding the associated factors of TDI involving enamel fracture or other trauma/trauma sequelae were detected, suggesting that the different TDI classification cannot be evaluated as a single category.

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. Individuals with ADHD may present limitations with regard to executive functions and performing activities that involve planning and/or attention/concentration. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between dental caries and signs of ADHD in a representative sample of schoolchildren. A representative sample of 851 schoolchildren aged seven to 12 years was randomly selected from public and private schools. Data acquisition involved a clinical dental examination for cavitated permanent and deciduous teeth using the DMFT/dmft indices. Neuropsychological evaluations, including the assessment of intelligence (Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrix Test) and executive functions (Corsi Tapping Blocks tests and Digit Span test) were also performed. Parents/caregivers and teachers answered the SNAP-IV Questionnaire for the investigation of signs of inattention and hyperactivity in the family and school environment. Parents/caregivers also answered questionnaires addressing socioeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive analysis of the variables and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. Parental reports of signs of inattention (PR: 1.28; p < 0.05) and hyperactivity (PR: 1.15; p < 0.05) were associated with a greater occurrence of caries. A better performance on the backward order of the Corsi Tapping Blocks tests (PR: 0.94; p < 0.05) and higher level of mother’s schooling were associated with a lower frequency of caries. A better performance on executive function tasks was a protective factor against dental caries, whereas children considered inattentive and/or hyperactive by their parents had a higher prevalence rate of dental caries.

O estudo teve como objetivo examinar o uso de drogas ilícitas e as associações com fatores socioeconômicos e influência do grupo de pares entre adolescentes brasileiros de 15 a 19 anos de idade. Foi adotada uma amostra de clusters em dois estágios, com a seleção aleatória de escolas públicas e privadas entre os nove distritos administrativos de uma capital de estado, e a seleção aleatória de turmas em cada escola. A variável de desfecho foi o uso de drogas ilícitas, medido pela seguinte pergunta: “Você já usou drogas ilícitas (maconha, inalantes, hipnóticos, cocaína/crack, alucinógenos, anfetaminas e/ou opióides) alguma vez na vida?”. Os grupos de pares foram classificados como: escola, família, atividades religiosas e esportes/cultura. O nível socioeconômico foi avaliado com o Índice de Vulnerabilidade em Saúde (IVS) baseado em área. Foram analisados os dados de 91 adolescentes com o teste do qui-quadrado e regressão logística. A proporção global de uso de drogas ilícitas foi 15,2%. A heterogeneidade por gênero dentro de grupos (OR = 3,14; IC95%: 1,63-6,06), amizades baseadas em religião (OR = 0,36; IC95%: 0,17-0,75) e amizades baseadas em esportes/cultura (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,22-0,87) permaneceram associadas significativamente com o uso de drogas ilícitas. Os adolescentes que residiam em áreas menos vulneráveis mostraram maior probabilidade de uso de drogas ilícitas, quando comparados aos jovens em áreas mais vulneráveis. As amizades baseadas em religião e esportes/cultura parecem ter um efeito protetor contra o uso de drogas ilícitas. A heterogeneidade de gênero dentro de grupos e a residência em áreas menos vulneráveis aumentaram as chances de uso de drogas ilícitas por adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence and the severity of malocclusions and to analyze factors associated with the need for orthodontic treatment of Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: This exploratory, cross-sectional study was carried out based on secondary data from the national epidemiological survey on oral health in Brazil (2002-2003). Socio-demographic conditions, self-perception, and the existence and degree of malocclusion, using the Dental Aesthetic Index, were evaluated in 16,833 adolescent Brazilians selected by probabilistic sample by conglomerates. The dependent variable need orthodontic treatment was estimated from the severity of malocclusion. The magnitude and direction of the association in bivariate and multivariate analyzes from a Robust Poisson regression was estimated. RESULTS: The majority of the adolescents needed orthodontic treatment (53.2%). In the multivariate analysis, the prevalence of the need for orthodontic treatment was larger among females, non-whites, those that perceived a need for treatment, and those that perceived their appearance as normal, bad, or very bad. The need for orthodontic treatment was smaller among those that lived in the Northeast and Central West macro-regions compared to those living in Southeast Brazil and it was also smaller among those that perceived their chewing to be normal or their oral health to be bad or very bad. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of orthodontic treatment need among adolescents in Brazil and this need was associated with demographic and subjective issues. The high prevalence of orthodontic needs in adolescents is a challenge to the goals of Brazil's universal public health system.

Estudo transversal conduzido entre trabalhadores da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Montes Claros. Objetivo: investigar o relato de vacinação contra Hepatite B, a verificação da imunização e os fatores associados às dosagens de anti-HBs. Método: coletaram-se amostras de sangue daqueles que relataram ter recebido uma ou mais doses da vacina. Avaliou-se a associação da dosagem de anti-HBs com condições sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e comportamentais. As associações foram verificadas pelos testes Mann Whitney e Kruskal Wallis e correlação de Spermann seguida pela regressão linear, utilizou-se o SPSS® 17.0. Resultados: dentre os 761 entrevistados, 504 (66,1%) foram vacinados, 52,5% tomaram três doses, 30,4% verificaram a imunização. Dos 397 avaliados quanto à dosagem de anti-HBs, 16,4% estavam imunes. Conclusão: constatou-se que o maior tempo de trabalho foi associado a níveis mais elevados de anti-HBs, enquanto os níveis de tabagismo foram inversamente associados ao anti-HBs. Há necessidade de campanhas de vacinação entre esses trabalhadores.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of dental caries and social determinants in the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of children in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1,204 children aged 8 to 10 years randomly selected from 19 public and private schools. The children were clinically examined at school by two trained and calibrated examiners (Kappa = 0.78 - 1.00). The Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth Index (DMF-T and dmf-t) was used for the diagnosis of dental caries. The social factors were determined by parents’/caregivers’ schooling, household income, number of people in the household, type of school, and by the Social Vulnerability Index. The Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire for ages 8 to 10 years was used to assess the impact on quality of life. A total of 278 (23.1%) out of 1,204 children had at least one cavitated carious lesion and 47.0% presented a negative impact on OHRQoL. In the final multivariate Poisson’s regression model, household income and presence of untreated dental caries were statistically associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL (p < 0.001).Children with dental caries and from low-income families had a higher negative impact on OHRQoL.

The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors associated with dental trauma in preschool children. This case-control study was nested in a population-based cross-sectional study involving a random sample of 301 children one to five years of age in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. The case group was made up of children with at least one fractured deciduous tooth, and the control group was made up of children with no deciduous tooth fracture. The two groups were matched for age in a proportion of one control for every case. The dependent variable was “dental trauma,” diagnosed according to the criteria proposed by Andreasen and Andreasen. The independent variables were overjet, measured and considered accentuated when surpassing 3 mm, and lip coverage, classified as adequate or inadequate. Clinical oral examinations were performed by calibrated dentists. The parents provided information on the socioeconomic indicators. Statistical analysis involved the McNemar test and logistic regression. Each group (case and control) was composed of 92 children. In the bivariate analysis, traumatic dental injury (TDI) was associated with overjet > 3 mm (p = 0.001), inadequate lip coverage (p < 0.001), mother's schooling (p = 0.028) and household income (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, only inadequate lip coverage was associated with TDI (OR: 5.35; 95% CI: 1.37-20.85). In conclusion, the case group children had a 5.3 - fold more likely chance of presenting inadequate lip coverage, compared with the control children.

This study aimed at identifying the prevalence of the negative evaluation of dental services among elderly Brazilians and at investigating whether the prevalence was higher among those using public or philanthropic provider services than among those paying privately or using private health plans. Additionally, factors associated with this negative assessment were identified. Interview and survey data were collected in the residences of participants by trained and calibrated examiners as part of a national epidemiological survey of oral health conditions of the Brazilian population in 2002/2003. The dependent variable was obtained in response to questions regarding whether the participant had ever used dental services, the frequency of use, and the quality of this service. Potential responses to the questions regarding the quality of service were very poor or poor, fair, and good or very good. The main independent variable was the system of health care used with potential responses being health plan or private, public, and philanthropic services. We conducted univariate (linear tendency χ2test) and multiple descriptive analyses, and the partial proportional Odds model for ordinal logistic regression. Among the elderly, 196 (3.7%) evaluated the provided services negatively (very poor or poor). Participants with the following responses were more likely to evaluate the services negatively: those who had used public or philanthropic services, men, those with higher education, the ones who had not received information about preventing dental problems, those who perceived pain in their teeth and gums in the last six months, and those who self-reported their oral health and speech was poor. In conclusion, elderly Brazilian users of public and philanthropic services were more likely than users of private or insurance-based plans to evaluate their dental services negatively, regardless of the other investigated variables.

Adolescence is characterized by heightened susceptibility to peer influence, which makes adolescents vulnerable to initiating or maintaining risky habits such as heavy drinking. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of social capital with longitudinal changes in the frequency of binge drinking among adolescents at public and private high schools in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. This longitudinal study used two waves of data collected when the adolescents were 12 and 13 years old. At the baseline assessment in 2013 a classroom survey was carried out with a representative sample of 588 students. In 2014, a follow-up survey was carried out with the same adolescents when they were aged 13 years. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-C (AUDIT C) was employed for the evaluation of alcohol intake. Our predictor variables included sociodemographic and economic characteristics (gender, type of school, mother's education, family income) and Social Capital. For evaluation of social capital, we used the Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students (SCQ-AS). Descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed (p

Background/Aim: Bruxism is the habitual, involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth that affects both children and adults. The aim of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge parents/guardians have about the bruxism of their children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was developed for 221 parents/guardians of patients of the pediatric dentist in the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A previously tested questionnaire, based on the criteria of the American Association of Sleep Medicine (AASM), was used to collect data from the participants in the waiting room of the clinics involved. Descriptive analysis was elaborated and the chi-squared test was applied (level of significance of 5%) using statistical software SPSS 17.0. Results: The majority of the participants were mothers of the patients (84.2%). The mean age of the parents/guardians was 36.6 years. The mean age of children was 7.6 years. In total, 76.6% of the mothers, 40.2% of the fathers, and 48% of the children reported having bruxism. The participants believed that bruxism was associated with emotional factors (63.8%) and/or mystical factors (20.4%). The majority reported having sought help from doctors (54.4%), followed by mystics (20.4%) and dentists (19.1%). A statistically significant association was found between bruxism and children with restless sleep (P < 0.001) and in cases where both the parents and children were affected by bruxism (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Families require greater clarification regarding the factors that trigger bruxism.

OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência da satisfação de idosos com o atendimento odontológico e os fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 495 idosos de 65 a 74 anos, sem déficit cognitivo, conforme miniexame do estado mental, que usaram serviços odontológicos de Montes Claros, MG, de 2008 a 2009. A amostra foi probabilística complexa por conglomerado em dois estágios. Profissionais e estudantes treinados/calibrados conduziram exames e entrevistas domiciliares usando computadores de mão com programa desenvolvido para esse fim. Nas análises estatísticas, com correção pelo efeito de desenho, empregou-se o PASW® Statistics 18.0. Regressão de Poisson foi conduzida para identificar as associações entre a satisfação e os fatores de interesse, estimando-se a razão de prevalência e o intervalo de 95% de confiança (RP/IC95%). RESULTADOS: No geral, 91,4% dos idosos estavam satisfeitos. Constatou-se maior satisfação entre usuários de serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (1,07/1,01;1,12); que tiveram acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais (1,09/1,02;1,16); que não faziam uso de medicamentos (1,05/1,00;1,10) e que classificaram a aparência de seus dentes e gengivas como ótimas ou boas (1,13/1,00;1,28). CONCLUSÕES: O idoso que acessa o serviço ofertado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde tem maior satisfação com o tratamento odontológico, assim como aqueles que não fazem o uso de medicamentos, os com melhor autopercepção da estética dos dentes e gengivas e aqueles que possuem mais acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais. Logo, as políticas de saúde no SUS apresentam resultados positivos.OBJETIVO: Analizar la prevalencia de la satisfacción de ancianos con la atención odontológica y los factores asociados. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con 495 ancianos de 65 a 74 años, sin déficit cognitivo, conforme mini-examen del estado mental, que usaron servicios odontológicos de Montes Claros, MG, Brasil, de 2008 a 2009. La muestra fue probabilística compleja por conglomerado en dos fases, estratificada por edades-índice o grupos etarios. Profesionales y estudiantes entrenados/calibrados condujeron exámenes y entrevistas domiciliares usando computadores de mano con programa desarrollado para ese fin. En los análisis estadísticos, con corrección por el efecto de diseño, se empleó el PASW® Statistics 18.0. Se realizó regresión de Poisson para identificar las asociaciones entre la satisfacción y los factores de interés, estimándose la tasa de prevalencia y el intervalo de 95% de confianza (RP/IC95%). RESULTADOS: En general, 91,4% de los ancianos estaban satisfechos. Se constató mayor satisfacción entre usuarios de servicios del Sistema Único de Salud Brasileño (1,07/1,01;1,12); que tuvieron acceso a informaciones sobre como evitar problemas bucales (1,09//1,02;1,16); que no hacían uso de medicamentos (1,05/1,00;1,10) y que clasificaron la apariencia de sus dientes y encías como óptimas o buenas (1,13/1,00;1,28). CONCLUSIONES: El anciano que tiene acceso al servicio ofertado por el Sistema Único de Salud Brasileño tienen mayor satisfacción con el tratamiento odontológico, así como aquellos que no hacen uso de los medicamentos, los que presentaron mejor autopercepción de la estética de los dientes y encías y aquellos que poseen más acceso a informaciones sobre como evitar problemas bucales. Luego, las políticas de salud en el SUS presentan resultados positivosOBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of elderly users' satisfaction with dental care and associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted with 495 elderly individuals aged 65-74 years, without cognitive impairment according to the Mini-Mental State Examination, who used dental services of the municipality of Montes Claros (Southeastern Brazil) from 2008 to 2009. A two-stage cluster, complex probability sample was used. Trained/ calibrated professionals and students conducted tests and household interviews using handheld computers with software developed for this purpose. In the statistical analysis, with correction by design effect, PASW® Statistics 18.0 was utilized. To identify associations between satisfaction and the factors of interest, Poisson regression was conducted, estimating the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval (PR / 95%CI). RESULTS: Overall, 91.4% of the elderly were satisfied. Greater satisfaction was found among users of services of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS - Brazil's National Health Service) (PR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.01;1.12); those who had access to information on how to avoid oral problems (PR = 1.09; 95%CI 1.02;1.16); those who did not use medicines (PR = 1.05; 95%CI 1.00;1.10); and those who rated the appearance of their teeth and gums as excellent or good (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.00;1.28). CONCLUSIONS: The elderly who access the service offered by SUS have greater satisfaction with dental treatment, as well as those who do not use medicines, those with better self-perception of the aesthetics of teeth and gums and those who have more access to information about how to prevent oral problems. Therefore, health care policies in the SUS have been presenting positive results.

The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement between reports by adolescents and their mothers regarding the impact of oral health on the adolescents' quality of life. The sample consisted of 960 pairs of adolescents aged 11 to 14 years and their mothers. The Brazilian version of the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) and the short form of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) were administered. Agreement on the total scale and the subscales was determined through a comparison of mean values. The means of the directional and absolute differences were also determined. Agreement on each item on the group level and in the individual pairs was analyzed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The difference between the means and the directional differences were significant for the total score as well as for the functional limitation and social well-being subscales (p < 0.001). The ICC for the total P-CPQ and CPQ11-14 scores was 0.43. The ICC indicated weak agreement on the subscales, ranging from 0.36 to 0.40. Agreement between reports by adolescents and their mothers regarding oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was moderate, indicating that both perspectives should be considered.

Objetivo: Verificar la interferencia del embarazo en las percepciones en salud bucal de adolescentes embarazadas de 12 a 18 años, con baja condición socio-económica, residentes en Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con las adolescentes (n=60) divididas en dos grupos: embarazada (n=30) o no embarazada (n=30). Entre las gestantes, diez estaban en el primer trimestre de gestación, trece en el segundo, y siete en el último trimestre de gestación. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales. Se realizó el análisis del contenido. Resultados: Tres categorías de análisis surgieron a través del contenido manifestado en ambos grupos: consciencia de determinantes de la salud bucal (conocimientos y actitudes), reacciones emocionales relativas a la salud bucal (sentimientos positivos, pasividad y sentimientos negativos) y valores en salud bucal (apariencia, función social de los padres). Conclusión: Entre las jóvenes se observó que la experiencia del embarazo no interfirió en las percepciones en salud bucal.

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence, severity and impact of toothache among schoolchildren associated with socio-demographic variables (gender, degree of maternal schooling, economic group, and oral health status). Six hundred and one 8- and 9-year-old children were randomly selected from schools in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. After formal authorization was obtained from their parents, the children were interviewed and clinically examined by a single examiner. The Chi squared test was applied and the odds ratio obtained. The prevalence of toothache was 45.9% (276/601), of which 15.6% (94/601) had occurred during the previous month. Among the children who had experienced pain, 39.4% (109/276) classified its severity as intense or very intense. Nearly 35% (96/276) were awoken by the pain, and 63.8% (176/276) were unable to carry out daily tasks as a result. The prevalence of pain was greater among children from less privileged economic groups, in which the mothers' level of schooling was lower (0-7 years of formal study) and who showed poorer conditions of oral health, determined by the presence of dental and periodontal pathology (p

The aim of this study was to assess agreement in the diagnosis of dental fluorosis performed by a standardized digital photographic method and a clinical examination (gold standard). 49 children (aged 7-9 years) were clinically evaluated by a trained examiner for the assessment of dental fluorosis. Central incisors were evaluated for the presence or absence of dental fluorosis and were photographed with a digital camera. Photographs were presented to three pediatric dentists, who examined the images. Data were analyzed using Cohen's kappa and validity values. Agreement in the diagnosis performed by the photographic method and clinical examination was good (0.67) and accuracy was 83.7%. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was reported to be higher in the clinical examination (49%) compared with the photographic method (36.7%). The photographic method presented higher specificity (96%) than sensitivity (70.8%), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.4% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.4%. The diagnosis of dental fluorosis performed using the photographic method presented high specificity and PPV, which indicates that the method is reproducible and reliable for recording dental fluorosis.O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o diagnóstico de fluorose dentária realizado por um método fotográfico com o exame clínico (padrão ouro). Quarenta e nove crianças, de 7 e 9 anos, foram clinicamente examinadas por um examinador calibrado para fluorose dentária. Os incisivos foram fotografados com câmera digital e as fotografias foram apresentadas a três odontopediatras, que examinaram as imagens. A concordância por kappa entre o método fotográfico e o padrão ouro foi boa (0,67) e a acurácia foi de 83,67%. A prevalência de fluorose dentária foi levemente maior pelo método clínico (49%) do que pelo fotográfico (36,7%). O método fotográfico apresentou maior especificidade (96%) que sensibilidade (70,83%), valor de predição positivo (VPP) de 94,44% e valor de predição negativo (VPN) de 77,42%, com poucos casos de falsos positivos (6%). O diagnóstico de fluorose dentária usando-se o método fotográfico apresentou alta especificidade e VPP, indicando que é adequado para registrar fluorose dentária, com poucos casos de falsos positivos. O método é reprodutível e confiável quando comparado com o diagnóstico clínico e pode ser usado para o diagnóstico da fluorose dentária.

Propôs-se investigar fatores associados à auto-avaliação negativa da saúde bucal. Idosos, participantes do inquérito de saúde bucal do Ministério da Saúde, 2002-2003, que auto-avaliaram sua saúde bucal como ruim/péssima foram comparados aos que a auto-avaliaram como ótima/boa/regular usando-se razões de prevalências (RP) com base na regressão de Poisson. A minoria (870 - 17%) auto-avaliou sua saúde bucal negativamente. A auto-avaliação negativa foi menor entre aqueles com 1-9 dentes e edentados, maior entre pardos/negros/índios, que nunca usaram serviços, que apresentavam alterações de tecidos moles, que relataram pouca e média/muita dor, que auto-avaliaram sua aparência e mastigação como regular ou ruim/péssima, entre os que relataram seus relacionamentos sociais pouco ou muito afetados pelas condições bucais e entre os que avaliavam necessitar de tratamento bucal. Apesar das precárias condições bucais, a maioria auto-avaliou positivamente sua saúde bucal. Condições subjetivas estiveram mais fortemente associadas do que as objetivas. Os resultados sugerem iniqüidade e permitem orientar políticas públicas que objetivem saúde bucal e qualidade de vida.The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with negative self-rated oral health. Elderly subjects from the Brazilian Ministry of Health's oral health survey (2002-2003) who rated their own oral health as bad or very bad were compared to those who rated their oral health as excellent, good, or fair, using prevalence ratios based on Poisson regression. The minority (870; 17%) gave their own oral health a negative rating. Negative self-rated oral health was less prevalent among those with 1-9 teeth and the edentulous, and more prevalent among blacks, mixed-race, and indigenous, those who had never used dental service, with soft tissue alterations, who reported little pain or medium to intense pain, rated their own appearance and chewing as fair or bad or very bad, reported that their oral health limited their social interaction a little or considerably, and reported needing dental treatment (PR = 1,47; 95%CI: 1.20-1.79). Despite their precarious oral conditions, the majority gave their oral health a positive rating. Subjective conditions were more heavily associated with self-rated oral health than were objective conditions. The findings suggest unequal oral health conditions and allow orienting public policies aimed at oral health and quality of life.

The aim of this paper is to present the trans-cultural adaptation and reliability of the Sense of Coherencescale (SOC-13 from Antonovsky) into Portuguese language using a sample of mothers of preschool children. The originally validated scale demonstrated a low return percentage and high number of extreme answers when applied to mothers of preschool children selected by convenience sampling in Brazil. Adaptations were made through cognitive interviews and involved rewording items, the usage of five rather than seven alternatives and the insertion of middle anchoring phrases. Three independent samples took part in the study for the psychometric tests. These samples consisted of one group of 36 and another of 38 mothers selected by convenience, as well as an additional group of 546 mothers randomly selected from the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Instrument reliability was accessed by internal consistency, testretest and item-to-total-score correlations with each of the three samples, respectively. Findings indicate that the adapted scale is comprehensible and obtained a greater response rate than the originally validated scale. Internal consistency increased from 0.67 for the original scale to 0.71 for the adapted scale. This value was extended to 0.80 in the test with the randomly selected sample. Medium weighted Kappa coefficients were 49.5%. The Spearman test demonstrated that the questions were correlated with total SOC scores. Results indicate that the adapted scale is valid and consistent for mothers of preschool children from different social classes.

OBJETIVO: Analisar fatores associados à autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico entre idosos. MÉTODOS: Foram pesquisados 5.326 indivíduos incluídos em amostra dos idosos (65-74 anos) brasileiros do inquérito domiciliar de saúde bucal realizado em 2002/2003 pelo Ministério da Saúde. A análise foi baseada no modelo de Gift, Atchison & Drury e foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson para análise de inquéritos com amostras complexas. RESULTADOS: Do total da amostra, 2.928 (55%) idosos relataram necessitar tratamento odontológico. A autopercepção dessa necessidade foi menor entre aqueles com 70 anos ou mais (RP=0,94; IC 95%: 0,89;0,99), que não receberam informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais (RP=0,89; IC 95%: 0,83;0,95) e que eram edentados (RP=0,68; IC 95%: 0,62;0,74). Foi maior entre aqueles que autoperceberam: saúde bucal regular (RP=1,31; IC 95%: 1,21;1,41) ou ruim/péssima (RP=1,29; IC 95%: 1,19;1,41); aparência como regular (RP=1,23; IC 95%: 1,15;1,32) ou ruim/péssima (RP=1,28; IC 95%:1,18;1,39); mastigação como regular (RP=1,08; IC 95%: 1,01;1,15) ou ruim péssima (RP=1,13; IC 95%:1,05;1,21); os que relataram dor nos dentes ou gengivas nos seis meses anteriores ao inquérito (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,18;1,36); os que necessitavam de prótese em uma arcada (RP=1,29; IC 95%: 1,19-1,39) ou em ambas (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,16;1,40). CONCLUSÕES: Informação, condições de saúde bucal e questões subjetivas estiveram associadas à autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento odontológico. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de capacitar os indivíduos para realizarem o auto-exame bucal e identificar precocemente os sinais e sintomas não dolorosos das lesões da mucosa, da cárie e da doença periodontal.OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with the self-perceived need for dental treatment among elderly people. METHODS: A total of 5,326 individuals who were included in a sample of Brazilian elderly people aged 65-74 years in a home survey on oral health conducted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2002/2003 were investigated. The analysis was based on the model of Gift, Atchison & Drury, and Poisson regression for analysis of surveys with complex samples was used. RESULTS: Out of the whole sample, 2,928 (55%) of the elderly people said they needed dental treatment. This need was perceived less frequently among those aged 70 years or over (PR=0.94; 95% CI: 0.89;0.99), those who had not received information on how to avoid oral problems (PR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.83;0.95) and those who were edentate (PR=0.68; 95% CI: 0.62;0.74). The perceived need was greater among those who self;rated their oral health as regular (PR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.21;1.41) or poor/very poor (PR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.19;1.41), their appearance as regular (PR=1.23; 95% CI: 1.15;1.32) or poor/very poor (PR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.18;1.39) and their chewing as regular (PR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.01;1.15) or poor/very poor (PR=1.13; 95% CI: 1.05;1.21). It was also greater among those who reported pain in their teeth or gums over the six months prior to the survey (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.18;1.36) and among those who needed a prosthesis in one arch (PR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.19;1.39) or both (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.16;1.40). CONCLUSIONS: Information, oral health conditions and subjective questions were associated with self-perceived need for dental treatment. The results reinforce the need to capacitate individuals to carry out oral self-examination and identify non-painful signs and symptoms of mucosal lesions, caries and periodontal disease at an early stage.

The objective of the study was to compare information collected through face-to-face interviews at first time and six years later in a city of Southeastern Brazil. In 1998, 32 mothers (N=32) of children aged 20 to 30 months answered a face-to-face interview with structured questions regarding their children's brushing habits. Six years later this same interview was repeated with the same mothers. Both interviews were compared for overall agreement, kappa and weighted kappa. Overall agreement between both interviews varied from 41 to 96%. Kappa values ranged from 0.00 to 0.65 (very bad to good) without any significant differences. The results showed lack of agreement when the same interview is conducted six years later, showing that the recall bias can be a methodological problem of interviews.O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a informação coletada em entrevista pessoal num primeiro momento e seis anos depois, em Minas Gerais. Em 1998, 32 mães (N=32) de crianças com idade entre 20 a 30 meses responderam à entrevista pessoal com questões estruturadas sobre os hábitos de escovação das crianças, sendo repetida seis anos depois. As duas entrevistas foram comparadas em concordância geral e em coeficientes kappa e kappa ponderado. A concordância geral entre as entrevistas variou de 41% a 96%. Os valores de kappa variaram de 0,00 a 0,65 (muito ruim a bom), sem diferença significativa. Os resultados mostraram que houve ausência de concordância quando a mesma entrevista foi conduzida seis anos depois, mostrando que o viés de memória pode ser um problema metodológico das entrevistas.

Investigou-se o uso de serviços odontológicos entre idosos dentados e edentados residentes na Região Sudeste do Brasil, participantes do inquérito saúde bucal realizado pelo Ministério da Saúde em 2002/2003. Os idosos que usaram serviço há menos de um ano foram comparados aos que usaram há mais de um ano. Do total, 345 eram dentados e 669 edentados, sendo a prevalência de uso, 32% e 11%, respectivamente. Na regressão logística multivariada entre dentados, o uso foi maior entre idosos que percebiam a fala influenciada pela saúde bucal e menor entre residentes rurais; com menor renda; que usaram por problema bucal; que tinham sextante excluído; que necessitavam de prótese e que percebiam a aparência como péssima. Entre edentados, o uso foi maior entre idosos com 5-8 anos de escolaridade; que relatavam sensibilidade dolorosa; que percebiam a aparência como péssima; e menor entre idosos que usaram por problema bucal e que percebiam o relacionamento afetado pela condição bucal. A análise mostrou diferenças entre dentados e edentados. O menor uso entre idosos que mais necessitam sugere iniqüidade no acesso aos serviços odontológicos.This study focused on the characteristics associated with use of dental services during the previous year by Brazilian elderly (with and without teeth) participating in the Brazilian oral health survey (Ministry of Health, 2002/2003). 345 were dentate and 669 edentulous. Prevalence of use was 32% and 11%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that for dentate elders, use of dental services was more frequent among those who perceived their voices as influenced by oral health. Less frequent use was associated with: residence in rural areas; low income; current oral problems; fewer than two teeth in at least one sextant of the arch; need for dentures; and worse self-perceived appearance. Among edentulous elders, more frequent use was associated with: 5 to 8 years of schooling; pain; and poor self-perceived appearance. Use was less frequent among elders with current oral problems and those who perceived that their personal relations were influenced by oral health. The analysis reviewed the differences between dentate and edentulous individuals. Use of dental services was less common among individuals who needed them the most, suggesting inequality in access to such services among the Brazilian elderly.

Abstract The objectives of this prospective, longitudinal, population-based study were to estimate the incidence of dental caries in the primary dentition, identify risk factors and determine the proportion of children receiving dental treatment, through a two-year follow up. The first dental exam was conducted with 381 children aged one to five years, at health centers during immunization campaigns; 184 of them had dental caries and 197 had no caries experience. The second exam was carried out two years later at a nursery or at home with the same individuals who participated in the first exam. The diagnosis of dental caries was performed using the dmft criteria. Parents were interviewed regarding socioeconomic indicators. Descriptive, bivariate and adjusted Poisson regression analyses were performed. Among the 381 children, 234 were reexamined after two years (non-exposed: 139; exposed: 95). The overall incidence of dental caries was 46.6%. The greatest incidence of dental caries was found in the group of children with previous caries experience (61.1%). Among the children without dental caries in the first exam, 36.7% exhibited caries in the second exam. The majority of children (72.6%) received no treatment for carious lesions in the two-year interval between examinations. Children with previous dental caries (RR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.12–2.05) had a greater risk of developing new lesions, compared with the children without previous dental caries. The incidence of dental caries was high and most of children’s caries were untreated. Previous caries experience is a risk factor for developing new carious lesions in children.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oral conditions of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) on their parents’ quality of life (QoL). A cross-sectional study was performed with parents of outpatients suffering from SCD at a hematology referral center in Belo Horizonte, MG. A qualified dentist performed an intraoral exam. The Family Impact Scale (FIS) was used to assess the parents’ perception of QoL. The parents answered some questions regarding sociodemographic and medical information about their children. The dmft/DMFT score, DAI, gum bleeding and SCD severity were evaluated in terms of their impacts on the overall mean FIS scores and subscale scores. The chance of more frequent impacts was greater in parents of adolescents (OR = 2.04; 95%CI = 1.2, 3.4) than of younger children. Dental caries (dmft/DMFT ≥ 1) had a negative impact on the QoL of parents of younger children and adolescents (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Among the parents of younger children, dental caries and SCD severity significantly affected the subscales for parental activities (PA) and parental emotions (PE) (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Among parents of adolescents, dental caries (DMFT) and severe malocclusion adversely affected the PE and PA subscales (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). SCD severity affected the overall FIS score among young children’s parents (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dental caries, age and SCD severity were associated with a negative impact on the QoL of parents of children with SCD

Abstract The aim of the present study was to search for scientific evidence concerning the association between breastfeeding and bottle feeding and risk of malocclusion in mixed and permanent dentitions. An electronic search was performed in eight databases up to February 2015. Additionally, a gray literature search and hand searches of the reference lists of the selected studies were also carried out. There were no restrictions on language or on year of publication. The methodology of the included articles was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Out of the 817 identified citations, six studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. One study showed that children with mixed and permanent dentitions breastfed for more than 6 months presented greater mean protrusion of mandibular incisors and inclination of maxillary incisors compared with those breastfed for less than 6 months or those who were bottle-fed (p < 0.05). One study revealed that breastfeeding and bruxism were associated with Class II [OR = 3.14 (1.28 - 7.66)] and Class III [OR = 2.78 (1.21 - 6.36)] malocclusion in children with permanent dentition, while another study showed that an increase in breastfeeding duration was associated with a lower risk of malocclusion in children with both mixed and permanent dentitions (p < 0.001). Three studies did not report any significant association. Risk of bias was high in most selected articles. These findings do not support an association between breastfeeding and bottle feeding and the occurrence of malocclusion in mixed and permanent dentitions.

With the aim of assessing the performance of Brazilian and imported glass ionomer cements (GIC) with regard to microleakage, 40 primary molars received two standard class II cavity preparations with margins in enamel. Twenty cavities were filled with Brazilian materials (Vidrion® R and Vidrion® R Caps) and the other 20 cavities were filled with imported materials (Fuji® IX and Fuji® IX GPFast capsule). All fillings were performed by a single operator according to the manufacturer's instructions. Teeth were immersed in 0.5% methylene blue and half-sectioned. Three independent calibrated examiners assessed microleakage using scores (0-3). Data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test and Wilcoxon analysis. High microleakage indexes were verified for all ionomer cements: 59.5% of the samples restored with Vidrion® R or Vidrion® R Caps and 83.4% of the samples restored with Fuji® IX or Fuji® IX GPFast capsule obtained the maximum score (3). The Brazilian ionomer cements presented less microleakage than imported cements, although this difference was only significant (p=0.003) among the encapsulated materials.Buscando comparar o desempenho de 2 cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIV) restauradores convencionais nacionais, mais acessíveis tanto financeiramente quanto por disponibilidade no mercado, ao desempenho de 2 CIV importados frente à microinfiltração, confeccionou-se preparos classe II com término cervical em esmalte em 40 molares decíduos hígidos. Vinte cavidades foram restauradas com os CIV nacionais (Vidrion® R e Vidrion® R Caps) e as demais com os importados (Fuji® IX e Fuji® IX GPFast), por um único operador. Os dentes foram impermeabilizados, imersos em azul de metileno 0,5% e seccionados mesio-distalmente. A microinfiltração foi avaliada por 3 examinadores calibrados, em microscópio estereoscópico, através de escores (0-3). Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos de Kruskall-Wallis e de Wilcoxon. Verificou-se altos índices de microinfiltração para todos os CIV: 59,5% das amostras restauradas com Vidrion® R ou Vidrion® R Caps e 83,4% das amostras restauradas com Fuji® IX ou Fuji® IX GPFast obtiveram o escore máximo (3). Os CIV nacionais apresentaram menos microinfiltração que os CIV importados, embora essa diferença só tenha sido significativa (p=0,003) entre os materiais encapsulados.

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) during childhood may negatively impact the quality of life of children.To describe the association of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and domains (oral symptons, functional limitation, emotional- and social-well-being) of children with individual and contextual variables.A cross-sectional study was performed using a representative sample of 1,201 schoolchildren, 8-10 years-old, from public and private schools of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The CPQ8-10 was used to assess OHRQoL, dichotomized in low and high impact. Sociodemographic information was collected through questionnaires to parents. Children were examined at schools, using the Andreasen criteria. Individual variables were gender, age, number of residents in home, parents/caregivers' level of education, family income, and TDI (dichotomized into without trauma/mild trauma and severe trauma). Dental caries and malocclusion were considered co-variables. Contextual variables were the Social Vulnerability Index and type of school. Ethical approval and consent forms were obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 19.0 and HLM 6.06, including frequency distribution, chi-squared test and multilevel approach (p < 0.05).The prevalence of a negative impact on OHRQoL in children with severe trauma was 55.9%. The TDI negatively impacted emotional and social domains of OHRQoL. A multilevel analysis revealed a significant difference in OHRQoL according to the type of school and showed that 16% of the total variance was due to contextual characteristics (p < 0.001; ICC = 0.16). The negative impact on OHRQoL was higher in girls (p = 0.009), younger children (p = 0.023), with severe TDI (p = 0.014), those from public schools (p = 0.017) and whose parents had a lower education level (p = 0.001).Severe trauma impacts OHRQoL on emotional and social domains. Contextual dimensions add information to individual variability to explain higher impact, emphasizing socioeconomic inequalities.

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) in the primary dentition and investigate associations with clinical and socioeconomic indicators. A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out with a randomly selected sample of 301 children aged one to five years. Data were collected through clinical oral examinations and interviews with parents/guardians during immunization campaigns. Statistical analysis involved Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Poisson regression with robust variance. The prevalence of TDI was 33.9%. TDI was more prevalent in children with overjet > 3 mm (p < 0.001) and those with inadequate lip coverage (p < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also found between TDI and household income (p = 0.024). According to the adjusted Poisson regression model, greater prevalence rates of TDI were found for children from families with a monthly income ≥ twice the Brazilian minimum monthly wage (PR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.10-2.12), those with accentuated overjet (PR: 1.53; 95%CI: 1.05-2.22) and those with inadequate lip coverage (PR: 2.00; 95%CI: 1.41-2.84). The prevalence of TDI was high in the present study and was associated with a higher family income, accentuated overjet and inadequate lip coverage.

Scientific evidence of susceptibility to dental caries in the population with Down Syndrome (DS) is limited and conflicting, making it difficult to establish firm conclusions. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to obtain scientific evidence of the possible association between dental caries and individuals with DS, compared to individuals without DS (control). An electronic search of five databases was performed, with no language or publication date restrictions. The studies were selected by two independent reviewers (Kappa = 0.83). The systematic review included 13 studies, while eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The studies are presumably all at risk of bias given their observational character. Two of these evaluated the presence or absence of caries in permanent and deciduous teeth, and six evaluated the mean DMFT index in permanent teeth. Combined odds ratios (OR), standard difference, standard error and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained. The vast majority of the studies found that individuals from control groups had more carious lesions or caries experience than those with DS. The results were statistically significant in seven studies (p

BACKGROUND:Tasks can be instruments of stress and may affect the health of children. Sleep bruxism is a multifactorial sleep-related movement disorder that affects children and adults. The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between children's tasks, personality traits and sleep bruxism. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A cross-sectional, population-based study of 652 randomly selected Brazilian schoolchildren (52% of whom were female), aged from 7 to 10 years was conducted in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. A questionnaire based on criteria proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) was completed by parents. In addition, the Neuroticism and Responsibility sub-scales of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C) were administered to the children. Psychological tests were administered and evaluated by psychologists. The Social Vulnerability Index from the city council database was used to determine the social classification of the families. Chi-square and Poisson regression statistical tests were used with a 95% confidence interval. The majority of families were classified as having low social vulnerability (61.3%), whereas, 38.7% were classified as having high social vulnerability. Regarding extracurricular activities, the majority of girls performed household work (56.4%) and some artistic activity (51.3%) while sporting activities were most common among boys (61%). The results of the Poisson regression model indicated that sleep bruxism was most prevalent in children who scored highly in the Neuroticism sub-scale, and who frequently performed household tasks. CONCLUSION:Children whose personality domain has a high level of Neuroticism and who perform household chores imposed by the family are more vulnerable to sleep bruxism.

Um estudo seccional foi conduzido entre cirurgiões-dentistas do Sistema Único de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com o objetivo de identificar fatores associados à disposição para o atendimento odontológico de portadores do HIV/AIDS. Questionários foram distribuídos aos participantes em seu local de trabalho. Um total de 140/345 (41,0%) dentistas selecionados participaram do estudo. A prevalência de disposição para o atendimento foi de 55,0%. Resultados ajustados pela regressão logística múltipla mostraram que a disposição para o atendimento foi significativamente associada a ter percepção correta sobre o risco ocupacional (OR = 4,8; IC95%: 1,32-18,04), conhecer protocolo pós-exposição ocupacional (OR = 4,5; IC95%: 1,61-13,07), ter atitudes positivas frente à epidemia (OR = 3,2; IC95%: 1,37-7,45), ter experiência profissional com paciente portador de HIV/AIDS (OR = 3,0; IC95%: 1,30-7,19) e ser contra o exame diagnóstico compulsório anti-HIV de pacientes (OR = 2,3; IC95%: 0,96-5,40). Dentistas que tiveram acidente perfurocortante apresentaram menor disposição para o atendimento (OR = 0,4; IC95%: 0,15-0,85). Estes resultados mostram que o medo do contágio é a principal fonte de ansiedade para os trabalhadores da saúde com relação ao atendimento de pacientes com HIV/AIDS.