98 results on '"Isabelle Imbert"'
Search Results
2. The Impact of PSR™ (Plant Small RNA Technology), Tea Extract, and Its Principal Components on Mitochondrial Function and Antioxidant Properties in Skin Cells
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Marielle Moreau, Tanesha Naiken, Gérard Bru, Clarisse Marteau, Laurence Canaple, Lorène Gourguillon, Emmanuelle Leblanc, Elodie Oger, Audrey Le Mestr, Joel Mantelin, Isabelle Imbert, Carine Nizard, and Anne-Laure Bulteau
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ROS scavenging ,plant small RNA technology (PSRTM) ,aconitase ,mitochondrial function ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Objective: This study explored the impact of a black tea extract obtained through (plant small RNA) PSRTM technology, characterized by its abundance of small molecules, particularly citric acid—an antioxidant and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle contributor—on mitochondrial health. The primary focus was to assess whether this extract could counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced mitochondrial alterations associated with aging, which lead to impaired mitochondrial function, reduced ATP production, and increased ROS generation. Methods: The PSRTM extraction method was employed to obtain a high content of polyphenols and small molecules, particularly citric acid. Results: In comparison with a conventional extract, the PSRTM extract demonstrated significant enhancements in aconitase activity, an ROS-sensitive enzyme in the TCA cycle, as well as basal respiration and ATP synthesis in fibroblast cells and skin biopsies. Moreover, the PSRTM extract effectively reduced ROS production by safeguarding this critical enzyme within the Krebs cycle and displayed superior capabilities in scavenging free radicals when exposed to UV-induced stress. When administered post-UV exposure, the PSRTM extract protected nuclear DNA by reducing the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and promoting DNA repair mechanisms. Furthermore, the extract exhibited beneficial effects on the extracellular matrix, characterized by a reduction in matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP1) and an increase in fibrillin 1 expression. Conclusions: These findings collectively suggest that the PSRTM extract holds promising antiaging potential, potentially functioning as a mitochondrial nutrient/protector due to its multifaceted benefits on mitochondrial function, nuclear DNA integrity, and the extracellular matrix.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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3. Structure Prediction and Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus Non-Structural Proteins from the Replication and Transcription Machinery by AlphaFold2
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Adeline Goulet, Christian Cambillau, Alain Roussel, and Isabelle Imbert
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Hepatitis E virus ,nonstructural proteins ,viral replication/transcription enzymes ,AlphaFold2 ,macro domain ,helicase ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in humans globally. Considered for a long while a public health issue only in developing countries, the HEV infection is now a global public health concern. Most human infections are caused by the HEV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 (HEV-1 to HEV-4). Although HEV-3 and HEV-4 can evolve to chronicity in immunocompromised patients, HEV-1 and HEV-2 lead to self-limited infections. HEV has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of ~7.2 kb that is translated into a large pORF1 replicative polyprotein, essential for the viral RNA genome replication and transcription. Unfortunately, the composition and structure of these replicases are still unknown. The recent release of the powerful machine-learning protein structure prediction software AlphaFold2 (AF2) allows us to accurately predict the structure of proteins and their complexes. Here, we used AF2 with the replicase encoded by the polyprotein pORF1 of the human-infecting HEV-3. The boundaries and structures reveal five domains or nonstructural proteins (nsPs): the methyltransferase, Zn-binding domain, macro, helicase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, reliably predicted. Their substrate-binding sites are similar to those observed experimentally for other related viral proteins. Precisely knowing enzyme boundaries and structures is highly valuable to recombinantly produce stable and active proteins and perform structural, functional and inhibition studies.
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- 2022
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4. Addressing Human Skin Ethnicity: Contribution of Tissue Engineering to the Development of Cosmetic Ingredients
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Christophe Capallere, Marianne Arcioni, Laura Restellini, and Isabelle Imbert
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ethnic skin ,reconstructed human pigmented epidermis ,acne ,pollution ,dry skin ,PIH ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Recent publications describe various skin disorders in relation to phototypes and aging. The highest phototypes (III to VI) are more sensitive to acne, with the appearance of dark spots due to the inflammation induced by Cutibacterium acnes (previously Propionibacterium acnes). Dryness with aging is due to a lower activity of specific enzymes involved in the maturation of lipids in the stratum corneum. To observe and understand these cutaneous issues, tissue engineering is a perfect tool. Since several years, pigmented epidermis with melanocytes derived from specific phototypes allow to develop in vitro models for biological investigations. In the present study, several models were developed to study various skin disorders associated with phototypes and aging. These models were also used to evaluate selected ingredients’ ability to decrease the negative effects of acne, inflammation, and cutaneous dryness. Hyperpigmentation was observed on our reconstructed pigmented epidermis after the application of C. acnes, and pollutant (PM10) application induced increased inflammatory cytokine release. Tissue engineering and molecular biology offer the capability to modify genetically cells to decrease the expression of targeted proteins. In our case, GCase was silenced to decrease the maturation of lipids and in turn modify the epidermal barrier function. These in vitro models assisted in the development of ethnic skin-focused cosmetic ingredients.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Crystal structure and functional analysis of the SARS-coronavirus RNA cap 2'-O-methyltransferase nsp10/nsp16 complex.
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Etienne Decroly, Claire Debarnot, François Ferron, Mickael Bouvet, Bruno Coutard, Isabelle Imbert, Laure Gluais, Nicolas Papageorgiou, Andrew Sharff, Gérard Bricogne, Miguel Ortiz-Lombardia, Julien Lescar, and Bruno Canard
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Cellular and viral S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases are involved in many regulated processes such as metabolism, detoxification, signal transduction, chromatin remodeling, nucleic acid processing, and mRNA capping. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus nsp16 protein is a S-adenosylmethionine-dependent (nucleoside-2'-O)-methyltransferase only active in the presence of its activating partner nsp10. We report the nsp10/nsp16 complex structure at 2.0 Å resolution, which shows nsp10 bound to nsp16 through a ∼930 Ų surface area in nsp10. Functional assays identify key residues involved in nsp10/nsp16 association, and in RNA binding or catalysis, the latter likely through a SN2-like mechanism. We present two other crystal structures, the inhibitor Sinefungin bound in the S-adenosylmethionine binding pocket and the tighter complex nsp10(Y96F)/nsp16, providing the first structural insight into the regulation of RNA capping enzymes in +RNA viruses.
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- 2011
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6. Correction: Reconstitution of SARS-Coronavirus mRNA Cap Methylation.
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Mickaël Bouvet, Claire Debarnot, Isabelle Imbert, Barbara Selisko, Eric J. Snijder, Bruno Canard, and Etienne Decroly
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Published
- 2010
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7. In vitro reconstitution of SARS-coronavirus mRNA cap methylation.
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Mickaël Bouvet, Claire Debarnot, Isabelle Imbert, Barbara Selisko, Eric J Snijder, Bruno Canard, and Etienne Decroly
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome expression depends on the synthesis of a set of mRNAs, which presumably are capped at their 5' end and direct the synthesis of all viral proteins in the infected cell. Sixteen viral non-structural proteins (nsp1 to nsp16) constitute an unusually large replicase complex, which includes two methyltransferases putatively involved in viral mRNA cap formation. The S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) activity was recently attributed to nsp14, whereas nsp16 has been predicted to be the AdoMet-dependent (nucleoside-2'O)-methyltransferase. Here, we have reconstituted complete SARS-CoV mRNA cap methylation in vitro. We show that mRNA cap methylation requires a third viral protein, nsp10, which acts as an essential trigger to complete RNA cap-1 formation. The obligate sequence of methylation events is initiated by nsp14, which first methylates capped RNA transcripts to generate cap-0 (7Me)GpppA-RNAs. The latter are then selectively 2'O-methylated by the 2'O-MTase nsp16 in complex with its activator nsp10 to give rise to cap-1 (7Me)GpppA(2'OMe)-RNAs. Furthermore, sensitive in vitro inhibition assays of both activities show that aurintricarboxylic acid, active in SARS-CoV infected cells, targets both MTases with IC(50) values in the micromolar range, providing a validated basis for anti-coronavirus drug design.
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- 2010
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8. Combining DEVS simulation and ontological modeling for hierarchical analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 replication.
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Ali Ayadi, Claudia S. Frydman, Wissame Laddada, Isabelle Imbert, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, and Lina Fatima Soualmia
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- 2023
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9. OntoRepliCov: an Ontology-Based Approach for Modeling the SARS-CoV-2 Replication Process.
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Wissame Laddada, Lina Fatima Soualmia, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, Ali Ayadi, Claudia S. Frydman, India L'Hote, and Isabelle Imbert
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- 2021
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10. Combining Devs and Semantic Technologies for Modeling the SARS-CoV-2 Replication Machinery.
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Ali Ayadi, Claudia S. Frydman, Wissame Laddada, Lina Fatima Soualmia, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, India L'Hote, Emeline Grellet, and Isabelle Imbert
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- 2021
- Full Text
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11. The impact of airborne ultrafine particulate matter on human keratinocyte stem cells
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Florian Labarrade, Céline Meyrignac, Christelle Plaza, Christophe Capallere, Jean‐Marie Botto, and Isabelle Imbert
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Aging ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Dermatology - Published
- 2023
12. ISID1369 - Terminalia chebula fruit extract from PSR™ technology demonstrates strong anti-aging and antioxidant properties
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert, Isabelle Imbert, and Marie Brulas
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- 2023
13. ISID1358 - Comparison of tea extracts processed from different sourcing using the PSR™ technology, an innovative eco-conscious extraction process
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert and Isabelle Imbert
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- 2023
14. Modulation of Piezo1 influences human skin architecture and oxytocin expression
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Florian Labarrade, Armelle Perrin, Yolène Ferreira, Jean‐Marie Botto, and Isabelle Imbert
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Aging ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Dermatology - Published
- 2023
15. ISID0957 - Sustainable saffron flower extract, the next generation of oral care ingredients for gum health and beauty
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Imane Garcia, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, and Christophe Capallere
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- 2023
16. ISID1371 - Impact of temperature on sprouted seeds in botanical extracts obtained with different extraction processes
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert and Laura Labourasse
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- 2023
17. ISID1151 - Skin hyperpigmentation induced by blue-light exposure: Characterization of a new 3D bioengineered model
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert and Alexia Lebleu
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- 2023
18. ISID1487 - Oral tissue engineering contributes to improve your oral health and smile
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Christelle Plaza, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, and Christophe Capallere
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- 2023
19. ISID0734 - Innovative reconstructed atopic dermatitis model: A state-of-the-art technology to study atopic dermatitis and develop specific dermocosmetic ingredients
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Serre Catherine, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, and Christophe Capallere
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- 2023
20. ISID0713 - Salvia sclarea derivative ingredient as an alternative solution to zinc pyrithione: Innovative scalp 3D model adapted to study anti-dandruff
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Arcioni Marianne, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, and Christophe Capallere
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- 2023
21. Co‐culture of <scp>iNeurons</scp> with primary human skin cells provides a reliable model to examine intercellular communication
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Florian Labarrade, Jean‐Marie Botto, and Isabelle Imbert
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Dermatology - Published
- 2023
22. ESDR161 - Botanical extract effectiveness on overall well-being and well-aging. An in-vivo study
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Nicolas Romain, Tristan Bouthors, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, Jean-Marie Botto, Justine Cotton, Audrey Le mestr, Armelle Perrin, and Yolene Ferreira
- Published
- 2022
23. ESDR258 - In silico prediction of the skin biological activity for botanical active ingredients based on their composition in phytocomponents
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert and Jean-Marie Botto
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- 2022
24. ESDR254 - Characterization of keratinocyte lipid composition of bioengineered human epidermis
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Jean-Marie Botto, Christelle Plaza, Yolene Ferreira, Corinne Morel, Dr. Isabelle Imbert, Christophe Capallere, Celine Meyrignac, and Laura Mouret
- Published
- 2022
25. ESDR248 - Effect of Myrciaria Dubia on in vitro Tattoo model
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert, Christophe Capallere, Celine Meyrignac, and Laura Restellini
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- 2022
26. ESDR251 - Impairment of ceramide biosynthesis pathway in bioengineered human skin models influences epidermal differentiation
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Dr. Isabelle Imbert, Jean-Marie Botto, Christelle Plaza, Laura Mouret, Christophe Capallere, and Celine Meyrignac
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- 2022
27. Patronage and Productions of Paintings and Albums in 18th-Century Awadh
- Author
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Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Painting ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art history ,Art ,media_common - Abstract
During the 18th century, Faizābād and Lucknow became strategic centres of painting production in Northern India. Encouraged by the patronage of European collectors, but most probably by unnamed Indian patrons as well, the region experienced an intense period marked by the large number of albums and paintings in circulation. Based on the in-depth analysis of a selection of albums, paintings, and manuscripts, this article aims to highlight the evolution of compilation practices and painting productions. Full-page flower paintings, in particular, became increasingly popular in muraqqaʿ, to the point where calligraphic panels were completely replaced by colourful plants. Floral designs also appear in the margins, and the repetition of motives and patterns on several pages of different dimensions revealed an extensive commercialization based on a standardized production. In addition, the collections of European collectors such as Antoine-Louis Polier and Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gentil bear the traces of commercial transactions between European and Indian collectors, as well as prices and possession marks. Together with their writings, correspondences, and memoirs, they bring new information on previously unknown Indian collectors, and more generally on the dynamism of the 18th-century book market.
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- 2021
28. OntoRepliCov: an Ontology-Based Approach for Modeling the SARS-CoV-2 Replication Process
- Author
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Isabelle Imbert, Wissame Laddada, India L'Hote, Lina Fatima Soualmia, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, Ali Ayadi, Claudia Frydman, Modèles et Formalismes à Evénements Discrets (MOFED), Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Normandie Université (NU), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Knowledge representation and reasoning ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Ontology (information science) ,computer.software_genre ,Article ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,biology domain ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,Function (engineering) ,SWRL ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Semantic Web Rule Language ,business.industry ,reasoning process ,SWRL Knowledge representation ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,Replication (computing) ,Knowledge representation ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Semantic technology ,Artificial intelligence ,[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM] ,business ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
Communication au congrès KES de 2021 qui s'est déroulé à Szczecin; International audience; Understanding the replication machinery of viruses contributes to suggest and try effective antiviral strategies. Exhaustive knowledge about the proteins structure, their function, or their interaction is one of the preconditions for successfully modeling it. In this context, modeling methods based on a formal representation with a high semantic expressiveness would be relevant to extract proteins and their nucleotide or amino acid sequences as an element from the replication process. Consequently, our approach relies on the use of semantic technologies to design the SARS-CoV-2 replication machinery. This provides the ability to infer new knowledge related to each step of the virus replication. More specifically, we developed an ontology-based approach enriched with reasoning process of a complete replication machinery process for SARS-CoV-2. We present in this paper a partial overview of our ontology OntoRepliCov to describe one step of this process, namely, the continuous translation or protein synthesis, through classes, properties, axioms, and SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) rules.
- Published
- 2021
29. Addressing Human Skin Ethnicity: Contribution of Tissue Engineering to the Development of Cosmetic Ingredients
- Author
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Isabelle Imbert, Laura Restellini, Marianne Arcioni, and Christophe Capallere
- Subjects
Aging ,reconstructed human pigmented epidermis ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Inflammation ,Human skin ,Dermatology ,Propionibacterium acnes ,Dry skin ,Stratum corneum ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Medicine ,ethnic skin ,pollution ,QD1-999 ,acne ,Acne ,PIH ,biology ,Epidermis (botany) ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Hyperpigmentation ,Chemistry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,dry skin ,business - Abstract
Recent publications describe various skin disorders in relation to phototypes and aging. The highest phototypes (III to VI) are more sensitive to acne, with the appearance of dark spots due to the inflammation induced by Cutibacterium acnes (previously Propionibacterium acnes). Dryness with aging is due to a lower activity of specific enzymes involved in the maturation of lipids in the stratum corneum. To observe and understand these cutaneous issues, tissue engineering is a perfect tool. Since several years, pigmented epidermis with melanocytes derived from specific phototypes allow to develop in vitro models for biological investigations. In the present study, several models were developed to study various skin disorders associated with phototypes and aging. These models were also used to evaluate selected ingredients’ ability to decrease the negative effects of acne, inflammation, and cutaneous dryness. Hyperpigmentation was observed on our reconstructed pigmented epidermis after the application of C. acnes, and pollutant (PM10) application induced increased inflammatory cytokine release. Tissue engineering and molecular biology offer the capability to modify genetically cells to decrease the expression of targeted proteins. In our case, GCase was silenced to decrease the maturation of lipids and in turn modify the epidermal barrier function. These in vitro models assisted in the development of ethnic skin-focused cosmetic ingredients.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Replication of the coronavirus genome: A paradox among positive-strand RNA viruses
- Author
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Emeline Grellet, India L'Hôte, Adeline Goulet, Isabelle Imbert, Laboratoire d'ingénierie des systèmes macromoléculaires (LISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-20-COVI-0006,PullCoVapart,Neutraliser le COVID-19 en s'attaquant à son cœur catalytique pour sa réplication(2020)
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SARS-CoV-2 ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,coronavirus ,COVID-19 ,Cell Biology ,Genome, Viral ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,Virus Replication ,Biochemistry ,Mutation ,RNA replication and proofreading ,Humans ,RNA, Viral ,+RNA virus ,macromolecular complexes ,[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM] ,Molecular Biology ,Positive-Strand RNA Viruses - Abstract
International audience; Coronavirus (CoV) genomes consist of positive-sense single-stranded RNA and are among the largest viral RNAs known todate (30 kb). As a result, CoVs deploy sophisticated mecha-nisms to replicate these extraordinarily large genomes as wellas to transcribe subgenomic messenger RNAs. Since 2003, withthe emergence of three highly pathogenic CoVs (SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2), significant progress has beenmade in the molecular characterization of the viral proteinsand key mechanisms involved in CoV RNA genome replication.For example, to allow for the maintenance and integrity of theirlarge RNA genomes, CoVs have acquired RNA proofreading 30-50 exoribonuclease activity (in nonstructural protein nsp14). Inorder to replicate the large genome, the viral-RNA–dependentRNA polymerase (RdRp; in nsp12) is supplemented by aprocessivity factor (made of the viral complex nsp7/nsp8),making it the fastest known RdRp. Lastly, a viral structuralprotein, the nucleocapsid (N) protein, which is primarilyinvolved in genome encapsidation, is required for efficient viralreplication and transcription. Therefore, CoVs are a paradoxamong positive-strand RNA viruses in the sense that they useboth a processivity factor and have proofreading activityreminiscent of DNA organisms in addition to structural pro-teins that mediate efficient RNA synthesis, commonly used bynegative-strand RNA viruses. In this review, we present a his-torical perspective of these unsuspected discoveries and detailthe current knowledge on the core replicative machinerydeployed by CoVs.
- Published
- 2021
31. Les enzymes de la réplication/transcription chez les coronavirus
- Author
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Lorenzo, Subissi, Étienne, Decroly, Mickaël, Bouvet, Laure, Gluais, Bruno, Canard, and Isabelle, Imbert
- Abstract
The discovery of a new coronavirus (CoV) as the causative agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic outbreak in 2003 has stimulated a number of studies on the molecular biology of SARS-CoV and related viruses. This research has provided significant new insight into functions and activities of the CoV replication-transcription complex, a multi-protein complex that directs coordinated processes of both continuous and discontinuous RNA synthesis to replicate and transcribe the large CoV genome, a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of ∼30 kilobases. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the expression and functions of key replicative enzymes, such as RNA polymerases, ribonucleases, methyltransferases and other replicase gene encoded proteins involved in genome expression, virus-host interactions and other processes. Collectively, these recent studies reveal fascinating details of a huge enzymatic machinery unique in the RNA virus world.
- Published
- 2020
32. Structures and exoribonuclease activity fonctions in arenavirus and coronavirus
- Author
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Mickaël, Bouvet, Isabelle, Imbert, François, Ferron, Bruno, Canard, and Etienne, Decroly
- Abstract
RNA viruses encode dedicated protein machinery required through the viral life cycle. Some enzymatic activities are generally associated with RNA viruses such as RNA- or DNA-dependent RNA polymerases, RNA helicases or proteases. Some viral enzyme activities are however unique to some viral families. This is the case of two 3'-5' exoribonuclease activities identified in arenavirus and coronavirus proteomes. Arenaviruses have a segmented ambisense single stranded RNA genome of negative polarity while coronaviruses have a positive single-stranded genomic RNA. Although both enzymes belong to the same exo(ribo)nuclease superfamily, available data indicate that they are involved in very different pathways. Indeed, the exoribonuclease activity carried by the arenavirus nucleoprotein seems to counteract the innate immunity antiviral response while the exoribonuclease activity carried by the coronavirus nsp14 protein is likely involved in a unique RNA repair mechanism. In this review, we present our current knowledge about these two viral enzymes and their functions in the viral life cycle.
- Published
- 2020
33. The C-Terminal Domain of the Sudan Ebolavirus L Protein Is Essential for RNA Binding and Methylation
- Author
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Etienne Decroly, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Bruno Coutard, Bruno Canard, Isabelle Imbert, Françoise Debart, Baptiste Martin, Coralie Valle, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Delegation Generale pour l'Armement (DGA))/Aix-Marseille Universite Ph.D. fellowship 2009.34.0038, and ANR-16-CE11-0031,RAB-CAP,Rabies virus RNA capping machinery as antiviral target(2016)
- Subjects
Models, Molecular ,Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical ,NS5 ,viruses ,Gene Expression ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,Virus Replication ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,CAPPING ENZYME ,Transcription (biology) ,RNA polymerase ,TRANSCRIPTION ,Cloning, Molecular ,0303 health sciences ,POLYMERASE ,Methylation ,VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS ,Ebolavirus ,CAP ,Recombinant Proteins ,Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression ,3. Good health ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,RNA, Viral ,Domain of unknown function ,MESSENGER-RNA ,METHYLTRANSFERASE DOMAIN ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction ,Immunology ,Biology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Protein Domains ,Virology ,Escherichia coli ,medicine ,Humans ,Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ,Amino Acid Sequence ,030304 developmental biology ,Ebola virus ,Base Sequence ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,IDENTIFICATION ,C-terminus ,RNA ,Methyltransferases ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Viral replication ,Insect Science ,REPLICATION ,Protein Conformation, beta-Strand ,Sequence Alignment ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
International audience; The large (L) protein of Ebola virus is a key protein for virus replication. Its N-terminal region harbors the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity, and its C terminus contains a cap assembling line composed of a capping domain and a methyltransferase domain (MTase) followed by a C-terminal domain (CTD) of unknown function. The L protein MTase catalyzes methylation at the 2'-O and N-7 positions of the cap structures. In addition, the MTase of Ebola virus can induce capin-dependent internal adenosine 2'-O-methylation. In this work, we investigated the CTD role in the regulation of the cap-dependent and cap-independent MTase activities of the L protein. We found that the CTD, which is enriched in basic amino acids, plays a key role in RNA binding and in turn regulates the different MTase activities. We demonstrated that the mutation of CTD residues modulates specifically the different MTase activities. Altogether, our results highlight the pivotal role of the L protein CTD in the control of viral RNA methylation, which is critical for Ebola virus replication and escape from the innate response in infected cells.IMPORTANCE Ebola virus infects human and nonhuman primates, causing severe infections that are often fatal. The epidemics, in West and Central Africa, emphasize the urgent need to develop antiviral therapies. The Ebola virus large protein (L), which is the central protein for viral RNA replication/transcription, harbors a methyltransferase domain followed by a C-terminal domain of unknown function. We show that the C-terminal domain regulates the L protein methyltransferase activities and consequently participates in viral replication and escape of the host innate immunity.
- Published
- 2020
34. Une polyarthrite associée à des lésions cutanées granulomateuses : évoquer la lèpre
- Author
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Camille Glanowski, Anne-Claire Fougerousse, Frédéric Banal, Dominique Lechevalier, Jean-Baptiste Souraud, Arnaud Philippe, Lisa Bialé, and Isabelle Imbert
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0301 basic medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,030106 microbiology ,030212 general & internal medicine - Abstract
Resume Dans les pays developpes, la lepre est une pathologie rare et meconnue qui se manifeste habituellement par des lesions cutanees et des neuropathies peripheriques sensitives. Sa revelation par une polyarthrite peut entrainer une errance diagnostique. Nous rapportons le cas d’une lepre borderline lepromateuse avec reaction de reversion chez un homme de 26 ans originaire de Mayotte chez qui le diagnostic de sarcoidose avait initialement ete retenu devant le tableau clinique articulaire et cutane ainsi que l’anatomopathologie.
- Published
- 2018
35. Characteristics and clinical outcomes after treatment of a national cohort of PCR-positive Lyme arthritis
- Author
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Marc Scherlinger, Didier Eyer, Aleth Perdriger, Amandine Blasquez, Frédéric Bastides, Laurence Zilliox, François Guérin, Jean-Marie Woehl, Antoine Grillon, Yves Maugars, Pierre-Hugues Boyer, Alain Cantagrel, Antoine Colombey, Paul Moreau, Jean Sibilia, François Cuchet, Anne-Sophie Korganow, Christian Bonnard, Julien Wipff, Joel Lechevallier, Isabelle Imbert, Irène Monteiro, Jean-Loup Pennaforte, Laurent Arnaud, Philippe Gicquel, Michel Brax, Benoît Jaulhac, Sylvie De Martino, Cathy Barthel, Virulence bactérienne précoce : fonctions cellulaires et contrôle de l'infection aiguë et subaiguë, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Virulence Bactérienne Précoce : fonctions cellulaires et contrôle de l'infection aigüe et subaigüe, Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Arthritis ,Lyme Arthritis ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Internal medicine ,Borrelia ,Synovitis ,Synovial Fluid ,Medicine ,Synovial fluid ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Aged ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Doxycycline ,Lyme Disease ,biology ,business.industry ,Amoxicillin ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,3. Good health ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Treatment Outcome ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Polyarthritis ,Female ,France ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes after antibiotic treatment of a national cohort of patients with Lyme arthritis confirmed by PCR testing on synovial fluid and by serology, when available. Objectives To describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes after antibiotic treatment of a national cohort of patients with Lyme arthritis confirmed by PCR testing on synovial fluid and by serology, when available. Methods Using the French National Reference Center for Borrelia database, patients with a positive PCR on synovial fluid for Borrelia were identified. Patient clinical and biological characteristics were reviewed from patient records. Long-term outcomes after treatment were studied through a questionnaire and with follow-up data. Results Among 357 synovial fluid testing by PCR between 2010 and 2016, 37 (10.4%) were positive for Borrelia. Patients’ median age was 36 years (range 6–78) with 61% of men and 28% patients under 18. The presentation was monoarticular in 92% and the knee was involved in 97%. Contrary to the Borrelia species repartition in European ticks, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto was the most prevalent species found in synovial fluid (54%) followed by B. azfelii (29%) and B. garinii (17%). Antibiotic treatments were mainly composed of doxycycline (n = 24), ceftriaxone (n = 10) and amoxicillin (n = 6), for a median duration of 4 weeks (range 3–12). Despite a properly conducted treatment, 34% of patients (n = 12) developed persistent synovitis for at least 2 months (median duration 3 months, range 2–16). Among those, 3 developed systemic inflammatory oligo- or polyarthritis in previously unaffected joints with no signs of persistent infection (repeated PCR testing negative), which mandated Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARD) introduction, leading to remission. Conclusion In France and contrary to ticks ecology, Lyme arthritis is mainly caused by B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. Despite proper antibiotic therapy, roughly one third of patients may present persistent inflammatory synovitis and a small proportion may develop systemic arthritis. In such cases, complete remission can be reached using DMARD. journal article 2019 06 2018 09 28 imported
- Published
- 2019
36. Les polyarthrites de l�'adulte en Afrique: hier, aujourd�hui, et demain
- Author
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Lisa Bialé, Francis Klotz, Isabelle Imbert, Souhaibou Ndongo, Dominique Lechevalier, Abdou Rajack Ndiaye, Frédéric Banal, and Ibrahima Diallo
- Subjects
business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
introduction : les affections rhumatismales en Afrique sont souvent chroniques parfois aigues, mais surtout leur prise en charge reste aleatoire sur le plan therapeutique. Malgre tout, dans la derniere decennie, l’interet porte a la rhumatologie observee en zone tropicale, specialement dans la race noire, est croissant. De plus il apparait du plus grand interet d’etablir des comparaisons entre ce qui est observe dans la race noire et ce qui est connu dans d’autres races: ainsi, peut-on preciser la place des facteurs genetiques dans la physiopathologie souvent plurifactorielle de ces affections. Dans le contexte d’un continent encore en developpement, la pathologie infectieuse est encore frequente en Afrique Sub-saharienne. Methodes : dans ce travail, les auteurs passent en revue les polyarthrites de l’adulte en Afrique a travers le temps d’hier a aujourd’hui avant de presenter les particularites liees aux therapeutiques et a leur application en Afrique. Resultats : sur le plan contextuel, l’Afrique est une terre d’ambivalence d’une chose et de son contraire: unicite et diversite; melange et separation entre autres. En effet l’Afrique repose sur une plaque tectonique, c’est aussi et surtout un continent. L’Afrique est aussi une terre de diversites representees principalement par: des climats contrastes (mediterraneen, aride, tropical sec, tropical humide et equatorial), des populations tres inegalement reparties a dominante jeune, une tres grande diversite genetique et ethnoculturelle avec plus de 2000 groupes ethniques. L’environnement est aussi caracterise par une urbanisation tres anarchique avec des disparites enormes: 80% des populations sont encore rurales. Les etudes consacrees aux affections rhumatismales en Afrique Noire ont permis d’etablir que le continent n’en n’est pas epargne. Lorsque l’on evoque les particularites de la rhumatologie dans la race noire, il apparait que certaines affections dont le caractere genetique est clairement etabli, ont une frequence tres differente chez le caucasien. Les autres particularites majeures de la rhumatologie en Afrique est representee par les complications osteoarticulaires des hemoglobinopathies, specialement de la drepanocytose, determinee genetiquement et propre a la race noire et la fluorose osseuse hydro tellurique encore frequente en Afrique de l’ouest. L’Afrique est un vaste continent aux contrastes environnementaux, sociaux, culturels et genetiques. Conclusion : les polyarthrites de l’adulte en Afrique sont polymorphes, d’etiologies diverses. Elles sont frequentes, souvent diagnostiquees avec retard et a des stades evolues. Aujourd’hui les rhumatismes parasitaires ont quasi disparu. La prevalence des rhumatismes lies aux VIH est devenue plus importante. Enfin une autre preoccupation actuelle ou a venir est representee par l’emergence des rhumatismes metaboliques dans un contexte de changement de mode avec une urbanisation anarchique, une sedentarite, la «montee en puissance» du Syndrome. Au meme moment les therapeutiques sont toujours limitees et concurrencees par la contrefacon et le non-respect des regles de conservation des medicaments.
- Published
- 2018
37. Insights into RNA synthesis, capping, and proofreading mechanisms of SARS-coronavirus
- Author
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Etienne Decroly, Bruno Canard, Isabelle Imbert, Lorenzo Subissi, Marion Sevajol, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-08-MIEN-0032,NidoRNAends,Nidovirus: protection et utilisation des extrémités des ARNs viraux(2008), ANR-12-BSV3-0013,BURULIGEN,Epidémiologie génétique de l'ulcère de Buruli(2012), and European Project: 260644,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,SILVER(2010)
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Transcription, Genetic ,SARS coronavirus ,Capping ,viruses ,Replication ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,RNA polymerase complex ,RNA Biochemistry ,Virus Replication ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Viral Proteins ,Multienzyme Complexes ,Transcription (biology) ,Virology ,medicine ,[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM] ,Coronavirus ,Genetics ,biology ,virus diseases ,RNA ,RNA virus ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,biology.organism_classification ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ,RNA editing ,RNA, Viral ,Proofreading - Abstract
Highlights • This review summarizes coronavirus RNA biochemistry mechanisms. • A processivity factor for the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. • RNA proofreading through a viral 3′–5′ exonuclease. • Viral capping regulator factors., The successive emergence of highly pathogenic coronaviruses (CoVs) such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) in 2003 and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 has stimulated a number of studies on the molecular biology. This research has provided significant new insight into functions and activities of the replication/transcription multi-protein complex. The latter directs both continuous and discontinuous RNA synthesis to replicate and transcribe the large coronavirus genome made of a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of ∼30 kb. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of SARS-CoV enzymes involved in RNA biochemistry, such as the in vitro characterization of a highly active and processive RNA polymerase complex which can associate with methyltransferase and 3′–5′ exoribonuclease activities involved in RNA capping, and RNA proofreading, respectively. The recent discoveries reveal fascinating RNA-synthesizing machinery, highlighting the unique position of coronaviruses in the RNA virus world.
- Published
- 2014
38. An uncommon triad†
- Author
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Olivier Aoun, Lisa Bialé, Dominique Lechevalier, Christophe Rapp, Frédéric Banal, and Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
Adult ,Giardiasis ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Knee Joint ,Traveler's diarrhea ,030231 tropical medicine ,Diagnosis, Differential ,03 medical and health sciences ,Triad (sociology) ,Giardia intestinalis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antibiotic therapy ,Osteoarthritis ,medicine ,Humans ,Reactive arthritis ,Traveler's diarrhoea ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Travel ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Conjunctivitis ,medicine.disease ,Military Personnel ,Heart murmur ,Giardia lamblia ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 2017
39. Understanding the Mechanism of the Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity of Favipiravir (T-705): Key Role of the F1 Motif of the Viral Polymerase
- Author
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Mathy Froeyen, Leen Delang, Stéphanie Beaucourt, Bruno Canard, Ana Theresa Silveira de Morais, Isabelle Imbert, Johan Neyts, Marco Vignuzzi, Hervé Blanc, Pieter Leyssen, Rana Abdelnabi, Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Populations virales et Pathogenèse - Viral Populations and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the BELVIR project from BELSPO (IUAP), the EU-FP7/2011-2014 Project SILVER (GA 260644), and the EU-H2020 Innovative Training Network ANTIVIRALS (GA 642434). A.T.S.D.M. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico—Brasil). L.D. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the FWO (Fund for Scientific Research of Flanders, Belgium)., European Project: 260644,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,SILVER(2010), European Project: 642434,H2020,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014,ANTIVIRALS(2015), Pfeiffer, Julie K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,RdRp ,viruses ,Amino Acid Motifs ,Virus Replication ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,MESH: Amino Acid Motifs ,Japan ,MESH: Chlorocebus aethiops ,RNA polymerase ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,MESH: Animals ,Polymerase ,MESH: Microbial Viability ,MESH: Mutagenesis ,MESH: Japan ,MESH: Drug Resistance, Viral ,biology ,MESH: Amides ,Enterovirus B, Human ,3. Good health ,Pyrazines ,MESH: Pyrazines ,MESH: RNA Replicase ,Chikungunya virus ,mutagenesis ,MESH: Antiviral Agents ,MESH: Mutation ,Immunology ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,MESH: Vero Cells ,Favipiravir ,favipiravir ,Antiviral Agents ,Microbiology ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Vaccines and Antiviral Agents ,Drug Resistance, Viral ,Animals ,MESH: Lysine ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,CVB3 ,Vero Cells ,MESH: Mice ,Microbial Viability ,Lysine ,MESH: Virus Replication ,RNA ,MESH: Chikungunya virus ,[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology ,Processivity ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,Amides ,030104 developmental biology ,fidelity ,chemistry ,Viral replication ,MESH: Enterovirus B, Human ,Insect Science ,Mutation ,biology.protein - Abstract
Favipiravir (T-705) is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent that has been approved in Japan for the treatment of influenza virus infections. T-705 also inhibits the replication of various RNA viruses, including chikungunya virus (CHIKV). We demonstrated earlier that the K291R mutation in the F1 motif of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of CHIKV is responsible for low-level resistance to T-705. Interestingly, this lysine is highly conserved in the RdRp of positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) viruses. To obtain insights into the unique broad-spectrum antiviral activity of T-705, we explored the role of this lysine using another +ssRNA virus, namely, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Introduction of the corresponding K-to-R substitution in the CVB3 RdRp (K159R) resulted in a nonviable virus. Replication competence of the K159R variant was restored by spontaneous acquisition of an A239G substitution in the RdRp. A mutagenesis analysis at position K159 identified the K159M variant as the only other viable variant which had also acquired the A239G substitution. The K159 substitutions markedly decreased the processivity of the purified viral RdRp, which was restored by the introduction of the A239G mutation. The K159R A239G and K159M A239G variants proved, surprisingly, more susceptible than the wild-type virus to T-705 and exhibited lower fidelity in polymerase assays. Furthermore, the K159R A239G variant was found to be highly attenuated in mice. We thus demonstrate that the conserved lysine in the F1 motif of the RdRp of +ssRNA viruses is involved in the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of T-705 and that it is a key amino acid for the proper functioning of the enzyme. IMPORTANCE In this study, we report the key role of a highly conserved lysine residue of the viral polymerase in the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of favipiravir (T-705) against positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Substitutions of this conserved lysine have a major negative impact on the functionality of the RdRp. Furthermore, we show that this lysine is involved in the fidelity of the RdRp and that the RdRp fidelity influences the sensitivity of the virus for the antiviral efficacy of T-705. Consequently, these results provide insights into the mechanism of the antiviral activity of T-705 and may lay the basis for the design of novel chemical scaffolds that may be endowed with a more potent broad-spectrum antiviral activity than that of T-705.
- Published
- 2017
40. A closed-handed affair: positive-strand RNA virus polymerases
- Author
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Barbara Selisko, Bruno Canard, Lorenzo Subissi, Isabelle Imbert, and Etienne Decroly
- Subjects
Genetics ,biology ,viruses ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,RNA ,RNA virus ,Non-coding RNA ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,RNA silencing ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,RNA editing ,Viral evolution ,RNA polymerase - Abstract
ABSTRACT RNA viruses are important emerging pathogens that cause human and animal infectious diseases. Antiviral therapies have to deal with the high mutational capacity of RNA viruses, which quickly adapt to new environments. A primary target for antiviral drug development is the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is the central enzyme of the viral RNA replication/transcription machinery. Here, we review the current mechanistic and structural knowledge on RdRps of positive-strand RNA viruses gained through crystallography and biochemistry. In addition, we review the growing body of information on RdRp-mediated strategies, such as proofreading and genome end repair, used by positive-strand RNA viruses to maintain their genome integrity.
- Published
- 2014
41. SARS-CoV ORF1b-encoded nonstructural proteins 12–16: Replicative enzymes as antiviral targets
- Author
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Bruno Coutard, Bruno Canard, Isabelle Imbert, Axelle Collet, François Ferron, Lorenzo Subissi, and Etienne Decroly
- Subjects
Methyltransferase ,viruses ,Replication ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus Replication ,Genome ,Antiviral Agents ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ribonucleases ,Transcription (biology) ,Virology ,RNA polymerase ,medicine ,Humans ,Nonstructural proteins ,030304 developmental biology ,Coronavirus ,Pharmacology ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,RNA ,Helicase ,RNA virus ,SARS-CoV ,Methyltransferases ,biology.organism_classification ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,3. Good health ,chemistry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ,biology.protein ,Transcription ,RNA Helicases - Abstract
Highlights • This paper presents an in-depth review of coronavirus Orf1b enzymes. • It is organized in sections on RNA synthesis, RNA degradation, and RNA capping. • It discusses integration of these functions into the coronavirus replication/transcription complex. • It reviews published inhibitors of any of these functions., The SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) pandemic caused ten years ago by the SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has stimulated a number of studies on the molecular biology of coronaviruses. This research has provided significant new insight into many mechanisms used by the coronavirus replication-transcription complex (RTC). The RTC directs and coordinates processes in order to replicate and transcribe the coronavirus genome, a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of outstanding length (∼27–32 kilobases). Here, we review the up-to-date knowledge on SARS-CoV replicative enzymes encoded in the ORF1b, i.e., the main RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12), the helicase/triphosphatase (nsp13), two unusual ribonucleases (nsp14, nsp15) and RNA-cap methyltransferases (nsp14, nsp16). We also review how these enzymes co-operate with other viral co-factors (nsp7, nsp8, and nsp10) to regulate their activity. These last ten years of research on SARS-CoV have considerably contributed to unravel structural and functional details of one of the most fascinating replication/transcription machineries of the RNA virus world. This paper forms part of a series of invited articles in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses”.
- Published
- 2013
42. Phaeohyphomycotic tenosynovitis after local steroid injection during methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: A case-report
- Author
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Lisa Bialé, Isabelle Imbert, Pierre Leroy, Christine Bigaillon, Frédéric Banal, Stéphanie Truffaut, Camille Glanowski, and Dominique Lechevalier
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Steroid injection ,Tenosynovitis ,business.industry ,030106 microbiology ,Joint bone ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,medicine ,Methotrexate ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Joint Bone Spine - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since jeudi 26 janvier 2017
- Published
- 2017
43. Amy Landau. From Poet to Painter: Allegory and Metaphor in a Seventeeth-Centurt Persian Paintings by Muhammad Zaman, Master of
- Author
-
Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
Literature ,Painting ,Metaphor ,business.industry ,Allegory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,language ,General Materials Science ,Art ,business ,language.human_language ,media_common ,Persian - Published
- 2016
44. Jeremiah Losty et Malini Roy. Mughal India, Art Culture and Empire
- Author
-
Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Art history ,Empire ,General Materials Science ,Art ,media_common - Abstract
Trente ans apres l’exposition organisee par Jeremiah Losty (The Art of the Book in India, Londres, 1982.), la British Library consacre une exposition aux productions de peinture durant le long regne la dynastie moghole. Le catalogue, richement illustre s’organise en quatre chapitres. Il s’ouvre sur une carte du sous-continent, une genealogie des souverains moghols et un glossaire. Le catalogue contient 167 entrees associees a une bibliographie exhaustive des publications. Le premier chapitre ...
- Published
- 2016
45. Amy Landau. Visibly foreign, visibly female: The eroticization of zan-e farangi
- Author
-
Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
General Materials Science - Published
- 2016
46. Modulation of telomere binding proteins: a future area of research for skin protection and anti-aging target
- Author
-
Claude Dal Farra, Isabelle Imbert, Nouha Domloge, and Jean-Marie Botto
- Subjects
Skin protection ,Telomere-binding protein ,Telomerase ,Cell division ,DNA damage ,Human skin ,Dermatology ,Biology ,Phenotype ,Cell biology ,Telomere - Abstract
Summary Telomere shortening is considered as one of the main characteristics of cellular aging by limiting cellular division. Besides the fundamental advances through the discoveries of telomere and telomerase, which were recognized by a Nobel Prize, telomere protection remains an essential area of research. Recently, it was evidenced that studying the cross-talks between the proteins associated with telomere should provide a better understanding of the mechanistic basis for telomere-associated aging phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on telomere shortening, telomerase activity, and the essential role of telomere binding proteins in telomere stabilization and telomere-end protection. This review highlights the capacity of telomere binding proteins to limit cellular senescence and to maintain skin tissue homeostasis, which is of key importance to reduce accelerated tissue aging. Future studies addressing telomere protection and limitation of DNA damage response in human skin should include investigations on telomere binding proteins. As little is known about the expression of telomere binding proteins in human skin and modulation of their expression with aging, it remains an interesting field of skin research and a key area for future skin protection and anti-aging developments.
- Published
- 2012
47. Stratégies de formation de la structure coiffe chez les virus à ARN
- Author
-
Barbara Selisko, Mickaël Bouvet, Bruno Coutard, Laure Gluais, François Ferron, Etienne Decroly, Bruno Canard, and Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Messenger RNA ,Innate immune system ,medicine.drug_class ,viruses ,RNA ,Translation (biology) ,General Medicine ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Cell biology ,Cap snatching ,Enzyme ,Protein structure ,chemistry ,medicine ,Antiviral drug - Abstract
Most viruses use the mRNA-cap dependent cellular translation machinery to translate their mRNAs into proteins. The addition of a cap structure at the 5' end of mRNA is therefore an essential step for the replication of many virus families. Additionally, the cap protects the viral RNA from degradation by cellular nucleases and prevents viral RNA recognition by innate immunity mechanisms. Viral RNAs acquire their cap structure either by using cellular capping enzymes, by stealing the cap of cellular mRNA in a process named "cap snatching", or using virus-encoded capping enzymes. Many viral enzymes involved in this process have recently been structurally and functionally characterized. These studies have revealed original cap synthesis mechanisms and pave the way towards the development of specific inhibitors bearing antiviral drug potential.
- Published
- 2012
48. RNA 3'-end mismatch excision by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural protein nsp10/nsp14 exoribonuclease complex
- Author
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Bruno Canard, Laure Gluais, Etienne Decroly, Mickaël Bouvet, Lorenzo Subissi, and Isabelle Imbert
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Base Pair Mismatch ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ,RNA ,Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,Molecular biology ,3. Good health ,03 medical and health sciences ,Exon ,RNA silencing ,Open Reading Frames ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ,Exoribonuclease ,Transcription preinitiation complex ,Exoribonucleases ,Exoribonuclease complex ,RNA, Viral ,DNA mismatch repair ,RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The replication/transcription complex of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is composed of at least 16 nonstructural proteins (nsp1–16) encoded by the ORF-1a/1b. This complex includes replication enzymes commonly found in positive-strand RNA viruses, but also a set of RNA-processing activities unique to some nidoviruses. The nsp14 protein carries both exoribonuclease (ExoN) and (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) activities. The nsp14 ExoN activity ensures a yet-uncharacterized function in the virus life cycle and must be regulated to avoid nonspecific RNA degradation. In this work, we show that the association of nsp10 with nsp14 stimulates >35-fold the ExoN activity of the latter while playing no effect on N7-MTase activity. Nsp10 mutants unable to interact with nsp14 are not proficient for ExoN activation. The nsp10/nsp14 complex hydrolyzes double-stranded RNA in a 3′ to 5′ direction as well as a single mismatched nucleotide at the 3′-end mimicking an erroneous replication product. In contrast, di-, tri-, and longer unpaired ribonucleotide stretches, as well as 3′-modified RNAs, resist nsp10/nsp14-mediated excision. In addition to the activation of nsp16-mediated 2′-O-MTase activity, nsp10 also activates nsp14 in an RNA processing function potentially connected to a replicative mismatch repair mechanism.
- Published
- 2012
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49. Baxter's syndrome
- Author
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Frédéric Banal, Camille Glanowski, Lisa Bialé, Isabelle Imbert, Dominique Lechevalier, and Evelyne Péroux
- Subjects
030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,S syndrome ,business.industry ,Foot ,Nerve Compression Syndromes ,Joint bone ,Syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Nerve compression syndrome ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Tibial Neuropathy ,Rheumatology ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Foot (unit) - Abstract
Joint Bone Spine - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since jeudi 31 mars 2016
- Published
- 2015
50. Ténosynovite à phaeohyphomycète après infiltration cortisonique, chez un patient sous méthotrexate pour polyarthrite rhumatoïde : un cas
- Author
-
Pierre Leroy, Christine Bigaillon, Isabelle Imbert, Stéphanie Truffaut, Frédéric Banal, Lisa Bialé, Camille Glanowski, and Dominique Lechevalier
- Subjects
030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,business.industry ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2017
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