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14. Investigation of Campylobacter fetus in breeding bulls of private farms in Bangladesh.

Author

Hoque, Nazmul, Islam, Sk Shaheenur, Saddam, Md. Jahidul Islam, Rafikuzzaman, Md., Sikder, Mahmudul Hasan, Castellan, David M., and Kabir, S. M. Lutful

Subjects
*CAMPYLOBACTER, *FETUS, *BULLS, *SEXUALLY transmitted diseases, *ANIMAL reproduction, *ABORTION
Abstract

Background: Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC) is a venereal disease caused by Campylobacter fetus that has a negative impact on animal reproduction. The bull is considered to be a symptomless carrier that spreads the disease agent to breeding cows, causing infertility and sporadic abortion. Aim: The study aims to estimate the prevalence, identify risk factors of Campylobacter fetus (C. fetus) infection and antimicrobial resistance pattern of the C. fetus isolates. Method: A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Bull smegma samples (single sample from each bull) were collected from 300 bulls from four farms and tested via culture, biochemical identification and finally 16S rRNA and cdtA gene‐based molecular assays (PCR) for herd and animal‐level prevalence estimation. Herd‐ and animal‐level data on risk factors were collected from the farmers using a pretested questionnaire and analysed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression models with a p value of <0.05 was taken statistically significant for both analyses. Results: Among the surveyed farms, 75% (95% CI: 19.4%–99.4%) were confirmed to have bulls infected with Campylobacter fetus at herd level. However, animal‐level occurrence of C. fetus was estimated to be 8.7% (26/300) (95% CI: 5.7%–12.4%). Natural service increases the odds of campylobacteriosis 38.18 times (95% CI: 13.89–104.94) in comparison to artificial insemination for C. fetus infection in bulls. Significantly, half of the isolates (50%, n = 13) were identified to be multidrug resistant (MDR) for three to five antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: This study highlights the need to develop official guidelines for C. fetus control and prevention in Bangladesh including mandatory artificial insemination in reproductive cows and heifers, routine screening of breeding bulls for C. fetus free status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Additional file 5 of Occurrence and multidrug resistance of Campylobacter spp. at duck farms and associated environmental and anthropogenic risk factors in Bangladesh

Author

Uddin, Md. Nasir, Neogi, Sucharit Basu, Islam, Sk Shaheenur, Ferdous, Jannatul, Khan, Md. Shahidur Rahman, Yamasaki, Shinji, and Kabir, S. M. Lutful

Abstract

Additional file 5. Status of farm management operations, hygiene and sanitation practices at selected duck farms (n = 20) in Bangladesh.

Published
2021
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19. Additional file 2 of Occurrence and multidrug resistance of Campylobacter spp. at duck farms and associated environmental and anthropogenic risk factors in Bangladesh

Author

Uddin, Md. Nasir, Neogi, Sucharit Basu, Islam, Sk Shaheenur, Ferdous, Jannatul, Khan, Md. Shahidur Rahman, Yamasaki, Shinji, and Kabir, S. M. Lutful

Abstract

Additional file 2. Representative gel images with PCR-amplicons detecting Campylobacter genus by 16S rRNA gene-based PCR, and the predominant species, C. jejuni and C. coli, by hipO gene-, and cdtC gene-based PCR assays.

Published
2021
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21. Additional file 3 of Occurrence and multidrug resistance of Campylobacter spp. at duck farms and associated environmental and anthropogenic risk factors in Bangladesh

Author

Uddin, Md. Nasir, Neogi, Sucharit Basu, Islam, Sk Shaheenur, Ferdous, Jannatul, Khan, Md. Shahidur Rahman, Yamasaki, Shinji, and Kabir, S. M. Lutful

Subjects
animal diseases
Abstract

Additional file 3. Variation in monthly isolation rate of Campylobacter spp. in different samples collected from the selected duck farms.

Published
2021
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23. Additional file 1 of Occurrence and multidrug resistance of Campylobacter spp. at duck farms and associated environmental and anthropogenic risk factors in Bangladesh

Author

Uddin, Md. Nasir, Neogi, Sucharit Basu, Islam, Sk Shaheenur, Ferdous, Jannatul, Khan, Md. Shahidur Rahman, Yamasaki, Shinji, and Kabir, S. M. Lutful

Subjects
animal diseases
Abstract

Additional file 1. Questionnaire for assessment of sociodemographic information, farm management and hygienic practices in semi-scavenging duck farms at Mymensingh district of Bangladesh.

Published
2021
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31. Qualitative risk assessment of transmission pathways of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus at live poultry markets in Dhaka city, Bangladesh

Author

Islam, SK Shaheenur, primary, Akwar, Holy, additional, Hossain, Md. Mehedi, additional, Sufian, Md. Abu, additional, Hasan, Md. Zakiul, additional, Chakma, Shovon, additional, Meeyam, Tongkorn, additional, Chaisowwong, Warangkhana, additional, Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak, additional, Debnath, Nitish C., additional, Brum, Eric, additional, and Pichpol, Duangporn, additional

Published
2020
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37. A further outbreak of classical swine fever in indigenous pigs in Kurigram district, Bangladesh.

Author

Chowdhuary, Md Golam Azam, Islam, SK Shaheenur, Khair, Abul, Hossain, Md Mehedi, Ahmed, Garba, Brum, Eric, Debnath, Nitish Chandra, Badhy, Shukes Chandra, Habib, Mohammed Ahasan, Rumi, Tanzida Begum, Rahman, AKM Anisur, and Ward, Michael P.

Subjects
*CLASSICAL swine fever, *REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, *AFRICAN swine fever, *BASIC reproduction number, *AUTOPSY, *ANIMAL diseases, *SWINE
Abstract

Deaths of native scavenging pigs were reported in mid‐November 2015 at Nageswari sub‐district, Kurigram district of Bangladesh. The investigation for a suspected classical swine fever (CSF) outbreak was accomplished via a joint outbreak investigation team from Department of Livestock Services (DLS) and Food and Agriculture Organization, Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Disease (FAO‐ECTAD), Bangladesh. Out of 592 pigs, 396 were infected and among them 263 died. The attack rate and case fatality rate were 66.9% and 66.4%, respectively. The epidemic curve constructed using the data captured from the CSF outbreak site was nearly bell‐shaped, indicating a point source epidemic. The basic reproduction numbers (R0) were estimated to be 1.6 (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–1.7) and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3–1.7) based on attack rate and exponential growth rate methods, respectively. Adult pigs showed signs of high fever, staggering gait and depression, whereas piglets either died without any premonitory signs or purulent exudates in the eyes were observed. Post‐mortem examination was carried out on a 6‐month‐old piglet. The necropsy findings included were swollen lymph nodes deep red in colour, and haemorrhages on serous and mucous membranes of the intestinal organs together with button‐like ulceration in the intestines. Nasal swabs and tissue samples (spleen, lung and liver) were tested using real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and found to be positive for CSF virus. One‐step RT‐PCR was used to amplify 1,148 base pair of E2 gene in extracted RNA and was sequenced using standard Sanger's sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the virus as genotype 2.2 that clustered with CSF virus sequences from Bangladesh and India. This is only the second report of a CSF outbreak in Bangladesh. CSF appears to be an emerging transboundary disease in this country. A special programme for controlling swine diseases is needed since pigs are being reared by marginalized communities of Bangladesh to provide livelihoods and food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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41. Cover Image.

Author

Chowdhuary, Md Golam Azam, Islam, SK Shaheenur, Khair, Abul, Hossain, Md Mehedi, Ahmed, Garba, Brum, Eric, Debnath, Nitish Chandra, Badhy, Shukes Chandra, Habib, Mohammed Ahasan, Rumi, Tanzida Begum, Rahman, AKM Anisur, and Ward, Michael P.

Subjects
*IMAGE
Published
2020
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42. A Decade of Avian Influenza in Bangladesh: Where Are We Now?

Author

Rimi NA, Hassan MZ, Chowdhury S, Rahman M, Sultana R, Biswas PK, Debnath NC, Islam SS, and Ross AG

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has been a public health threat in Bangladesh since the first reported outbreak in poultry in 2007. The country has undertaken numerous efforts to detect, track, and combat avian influenza viruses (AIVs). The predominant genotype of the H5N1 viruses is clade 2.3.2.1a. The persistent changing of clades of the circulating H5N1 strains suggests probable mutations that might have been occurring over time. Surveillance has provided evidence that the virus has persistently prevailed in all sectors and caused discontinuous infections. The presence of AIV in live bird markets has been detected persistently. Weak biosecurity in the poultry sector is linked with resource limitation, low risk perception, and short-term sporadic interventions. Controlling avian influenza necessitates a concerted multi-sector 'One Health' approach that includes the government and key stakeholders., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The sponsors had no role in the design, execution, interpretation, or writing of the study.

Published
2019
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