Author: "Isobel S" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Isobel S"' showing total 231 results

Start Over Author "Isobel S"

231 results on '"Isobel S"'

1. A systems serology approach to identifying key antibody correlates of protection from cerebral malaria in Malawian children

Author: Isobel S. Walker, Saber Dini, Elizabeth H. Aitken, Timon Damelang, Wina Hasang, Agersew Alemu, Anja T. R. Jensen, Janavi S. Rambhatla, D. Herbert Opi, Michael F. Duffy, Eizo Takashima, Visopo Harawa, Takafumi Tsuboi, Julie A. Simpson, Wilson Mandala, Terrie E. Taylor, Karl B. Seydel, Amy W. Chung, and Stephen J. Rogerson
Subjects: Plasmodium falciparum, Malawi, Antibody, Immunity, Africa, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) proteins are expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes, mediating parasite sequestration in the vasculature. PfEMP1 is a major target of protective antibodies, but the features of the antibody response are poorly defined. Methods In Malawian children with cerebral or uncomplicated malaria, we characterized the antibody response to 39 recombinant PfEMP1 Duffy binding like (DBL) domains or cysteine-rich interdomain regions (CIDRs) in detail, including measures of antibody classes, subclasses, and engagement with Fcγ receptors and complement. Using elastic net regularized logistic regression, we identified a combination of seven antibody targets and Fc features that best distinguished between children with cerebral and uncomplicated malaria. To confirm the role of the selected targets and Fc features, we measured antibody-dependent neutrophil and THP-1 cell phagocytosis of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial protein C (EPCR) co-binding infected erythrocytes. Results The selected features distinguished between children with cerebral and uncomplicated malaria with 87% accuracy (median, 80–96% interquartile range) and included antibody to well-characterized DBLβ3 domains and a less well-characterized CIDRγ12 domain. The abilities of antibodies to engage C1q and FcγRIIIb, rather than levels of IgG, correlated with protection. In line with a role of FcγRIIIb binding antibodies to DBLβ3 domains, antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis of ICAM-1 and EPCR co-binding IE was higher in uncomplicated malaria (15% median, 8–38% interquartile range) compared to cerebral malaria (7%, 30–15%, p
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Pathogenicity and virulence of malaria: Sticky problems and tricky solutions

Author: Isobel S Walker and Stephen J Rogerson
Subjects: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, severe malaria, Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1, var genes, sequestration, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: ABSTRACT Infections with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cause over 600,000 deaths each year, concentrated in Africa and in young children, but much of the world’s population remain at risk of infection. In this article, we review the latest developments in the immunogenicity and pathogenesis of malaria, with a particular focus on P. falciparum, the leading malaria killer. Pathogenic factors include parasite-derived toxins and variant surface antigens on infected erythrocytes that mediate sequestration in the deep vasculature. Host response to parasite toxins and to variant antigens is an important determinant of disease severity. Understanding how parasites sequester, and how antibody to variant antigens could prevent sequestration, may lead to new approaches to treat and prevent disease. Difficulties in malaria diagnosis, drug resistance, and specific challenges of treating P. vivax pose challenges to malaria elimination, but vaccines and other preventive strategies may offer improved disease control.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Don't move a mussel? Parasite and disease risk in conservation action

Author: Joshua I. Brian, Isobel S. Ollard, and David C. Aldridge
Subjects: captive breeding, freshwater, pathogen, prevalence, translocation, transmission, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract: Abstract Freshwater mussels are one of the most endangered animal groups globally, making them a high conservation priority. Conservationists increasingly employ translocation or captive breeding procedures to support ailing populations, and the ecosystem engineering capabilities of mussels are being increasingly harnessed in bioremediation projects. However, there is little consideration of the risk of pathogen transmission when moving mussels from hatcheries or wild donor populations into new habitats. This is of significant concern as recent developments suggest parasites and diseases are highly prevalent and have contributed to several mass population‐level die‐offs. Here, we explicitly highlight the risks of pathogen spread in mussel translocations, explore how these risks are mediated, and provide recommendations for both research and action to avoid the inadvertent spread of virulent pathogens when conserving vulnerable mussel populations. While targeted at freshwater conservationists, this perspective has relevance for considering translocation‐mediated disease and parasite spread in any study system.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Tackling Immune Targets for Breast Cancer: Beyond PD-1/PD-L1 Axis

Author: Yasser Tabana, Isobel S. Okoye, Arno Siraki, Shokrollah Elahi, and Khaled H. Barakat
Subjects: breast cancer, immunotherapy, therapeutic agents, immune targets, PD-1, PD-L1, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: The burden of breast cancer is imposing a huge global problem. Drug discovery research and novel approaches to treat breast cancer have been carried out extensively over the last decades. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors are showing promising preclinical and clinical results in treating breast cancer, they are facing multiple limitations. From an immunological perspective, a recent report highlighted breast cancer as an “inflamed tumor” with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Consequently, researchers have been focusing on identifying novel immunological targets that can tune up the tumor immune microenvironment. In this context, several novel non-classical immune targets have been targeted to determine their ability to uncouple immunoregulatory pathways at play in the tumor microenvironment. This article will highlight strategies designed to increase the immunogenicity of the breast tumor microenvironment. It also addresses the latest studies on targets which can enhance immune responses to breast cancer and discusses examples of preclinical and clinical trial landscapes that utilize these targets.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. A ‘Split-Gene’ Transketolase From the Hyper-Thermophilic Bacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans: Structure and Biochemical Characterization

Author: Paul James, Michail N. Isupov, Simone Antonio De Rose, Christopher Sayer, Isobel S. Cole, and Jennifer A. Littlechild
Subjects: hyperthermophilic, ‘split-gene’, transketolase, thermal stability, industrial applications, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: A novel transketolase has been reconstituted from two separate polypeptide chains encoded by a ‘split-gene’ identified in the genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans. The reconstituted active α2β2 tetrameric enzyme has been biochemically characterized and its activity has been determined using a range of aldehydes including glycolaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde and cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde as the ketol acceptor and hydroxypyruvate as the donor. This reaction proceeds to near 100% completion due to the release of the product carbon dioxide and can be used for the synthesis of a range of sugars of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. This novel reconstituted transketolase is thermally stable with no loss of activity after incubation for 1 h at 70°C and is stable after 1 h incubation with 50% of the organic solvents methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, DMSO, acetonitrile and acetone. The X-ray structure of the holo reconstituted α2β2 tetrameric transketolase has been determined to 1.4 Å resolution. In addition, the structure of an inactive tetrameric β4 protein has been determined to 1.9 Å resolution. The structure of the active reconstituted α2β2 enzyme has been compared to the structures of related enzymes; the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, in an attempt to rationalize differences in structure and substrate specificity between these enzymes. This is the first example of a reconstituted ‘split-gene’ transketolase to be biochemically and structurally characterized allowing its potential for industrial biocatalysis to be evaluated.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Coinhibitory Receptor Expression and Immune Checkpoint Blockade: Maintaining a Balance in CD8+ T Cell Responses to Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer

Author: Isobel S. Okoye, Michael Houghton, Lorne Tyrrell, Khaled Barakat, and Shokrollah Elahi
Subjects: T cell exhaustion, immune checkpoints, chronic infections, cancer, checkpoint blockade, immunotherapy, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: In cancer and chronic viral infections, T cells are exposed to persistent antigen stimulation. This results in expression of multiple inhibitory receptors also called “immune checkpoints” by T cells. Although these inhibitory receptors under normal conditions maintain self-tolerance and prevent immunopathology, their sustained expression deteriorates T cell function: a phenomenon called exhaustion. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy involve blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed cell death 1 in order to reverse T cell exhaustion and reinvigorate immunity, which has translated to dramatic clinical remission in many cases of metastatic melanoma and lung cancer. With the paucity of therapeutic vaccines against chronic infections such as HIV, HPV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, such adjunct checkpoint blockade strategies are required including the blockade of other inhibitory receptors such as T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains, T cell Ig and mucin-domain containing-3, lymphocyte activation gene 3, and V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation. The nature of different chronic viral infections and cancers is likely to influence the level, composition, and pattern of inhibitory receptors expressed by responding T cells. This will have implications for checkpoint antibody blockade strategies employed for treating tumors and chronic viral infections. Here, we review recent advances that provide a clearer insight into the role of coinhibitory receptor expression in T cell exhaustion and reveal novel antibody-blockade therapeutic targets for chronic viral infections and cancer. Understanding the mechanism of T cell exhaustion in response to chronic virus infections and cancer as well as the nature of restored T cell responses will contribute to further improvement of immune checkpoint blockade strategies.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Analysis of Seaweeds from South West England as a Biorefinery Feedstock

Author: Tracey A. Beacham, Isobel S. Cole, Louisa S. DeDross, Sofia Raikova, Christopher J. Chuck, John Macdonald, Leopoldo Herrera, Tariq Ali, Ruth L. Airs, Andrew Landels, and Michael J. Allen
Subjects: marine, biorefinery, seaweed, lipid, carbohydrate, pigment, phytohormone, heavy metal, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Seaweeds contain many varied and commercially valuable components, from individual pigments and metabolites through to whole biomass, and yet they remain an under cultivated and underutilised commodity. Currently, commercial exploitation of seaweeds is predominantly limited to whole biomass consumption or single product extracts for the food industry. The development of a seaweed biorefinery, based around multiple products and services, could provide an important opportunity to exploit new and currently underexplored markets. Here, we assessed the native and invasive seaweeds on the South West coast of the UK to determine their characteristics and potential for exploitation through a biorefinery pipeline, looking at multiple components including pigments, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and other metabolites.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. IFNγ and IL-12 Restrict Th2 Responses during Helminth/Plasmodium Co-Infection and Promote IFNγ from Th2 Cells.

Author: Stephanie M Coomes, Victoria S Pelly, Yashaswini Kannan, Isobel S Okoye, Stephanie Czieso, Lewis J Entwistle, Jimena Perez-Lloret, Nikolay Nikolov, Alexandre J Potocnik, Judit Biró, Jean Langhorne, and Mark S Wilson
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Parasitic helminths establish chronic infections in mammalian hosts. Helminth/Plasmodium co-infections occur frequently in endemic areas. However, it is unclear whether Plasmodium infections compromise anti-helminth immunity, contributing to the chronicity of infection. Immunity to Plasmodium or helminths requires divergent CD4+ T cell-driven responses, dominated by IFNγ or IL-4, respectively. Recent literature has indicated that Th cells, including Th2 cells, have phenotypic plasticity with the ability to produce non-lineage associated cytokines. Whether such plasticity occurs during co-infection is unclear. In this study, we observed reduced anti-helminth Th2 cell responses and compromised anti-helminth immunity during Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Plasmodium chabaudi co-infection. Using newly established triple cytokine reporter mice (Il4gfpIfngyfpIl17aFP635), we demonstrated that Il4gfp+ Th2 cells purified from in vitro cultures or isolated ex vivo from helminth-infected mice up-regulated IFNγ following adoptive transfer into Rag1-/- mice infected with P. chabaudi. Functionally, Th2 cells that up-regulated IFNγ were transcriptionally re-wired and protected recipient mice from high parasitemia. Mechanistically, TCR stimulation and responsiveness to IL-12 and IFNγ, but not type I IFN, was required for optimal IFNγ production by Th2 cells. Finally, blockade of IL-12 and IFNγ during co-infection partially preserved anti-helminth Th2 responses. In summary, this study demonstrates that Th2 cells retain substantial plasticity with the ability to produce IFNγ during Plasmodium infection. Consequently, co-infection with Plasmodium spp. may contribute to the chronicity of helminth infection by reducing anti-helminth Th2 cells and converting them into IFNγ-secreting cells.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. miR-182 and miR-10a are key regulators of Treg specialisation and stability during Schistosome and Leishmania-associated inflammation.

Author: Samir Kelada, Praveen Sethupathy, Isobel S Okoye, Eleni Kistasis, Stephanie Czieso, Sandra D White, David Chou, Craig Martens, Stacy M Ricklefs, Kimmo Virtaneva, Dan E Sturdevant, Stephen F Porcella, Yasmine Belkaid, Thomas A Wynn, and Mark S Wilson
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: A diverse suite of effector immune responses provide protection against various pathogens. However, the array of effector responses must be immunologically regulated to limit pathogen- and immune-associated damage. CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) calibrate immune responses; however, how Treg cells adapt to control different effector responses is unclear. To investigate the molecular mechanism of Treg diversity we used whole genome expression profiling and next generation small RNA sequencing of Treg cells isolated from type-1 or type-2 inflamed tissue following Leishmania major or Schistosoma mansoni infection, respectively. In-silico analyses identified two miRNA "regulatory hubs" miR-10a and miR-182 as critical miRNAs in Th1- or Th2-associated Treg cells, respectively. Functionally and mechanistically, in-vitro and in-vivo systems identified that an IL-12/IFNγ axis regulated miR-10a and its putative transcription factor, Creb. Importantly, reduced miR-10a in Th1-associated Treg cells was critical for Treg function and controlled a suite of genes preventing IFNγ production. In contrast, IL-4 regulated miR-182 and cMaf in Th2-associed Treg cells, which mitigated IL-2 secretion, in part through repression of IL2-promoting genes. Together, this study indicates that CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells can be shaped by local environmental factors, which orchestrate distinct miRNA pathways preserving Treg stability and suppressor function.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. A systems serology approach to identifying key antibody correlates of protection from cerebral malaria in Malawian children.

Author: Walker, Isobel S., Dini, Saber, Aitken, Elizabeth H., Damelang, Timon, Hasang, Wina, Alemu, Agersew, Jensen, Anja T. R., Rambhatla, Janavi S., Opi, D. Herbert, Duffy, Michael F., Takashima, Eizo, Harawa, Visopo, Tsuboi, Takafumi, Simpson, Julie A., Mandala, Wilson, Taylor, Terrie E., Seydel, Karl B., Chung, Amy W., and Rogerson, Stephen J.
Subjects: *CD54 antigen, *CEREBRAL malaria, *COMPLEMENT receptors, *ERYTHROCYTE membranes, *ANTIBODY formation
Abstract: Background: Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) proteins are expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes, mediating parasite sequestration in the vasculature. PfEMP1 is a major target of protective antibodies, but the features of the antibody response are poorly defined. Methods: In Malawian children with cerebral or uncomplicated malaria, we characterized the antibody response to 39 recombinant PfEMP1 Duffy binding like (DBL) domains or cysteine-rich interdomain regions (CIDRs) in detail, including measures of antibody classes, subclasses, and engagement with Fcγ receptors and complement. Using elastic net regularized logistic regression, we identified a combination of seven antibody targets and Fc features that best distinguished between children with cerebral and uncomplicated malaria. To confirm the role of the selected targets and Fc features, we measured antibody-dependent neutrophil and THP-1 cell phagocytosis of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial protein C (EPCR) co-binding infected erythrocytes. Results: The selected features distinguished between children with cerebral and uncomplicated malaria with 87% accuracy (median, 80–96% interquartile range) and included antibody to well-characterized DBLβ3 domains and a less well-characterized CIDRγ12 domain. The abilities of antibodies to engage C1q and FcγRIIIb, rather than levels of IgG, correlated with protection. In line with a role of FcγRIIIb binding antibodies to DBLβ3 domains, antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis of ICAM-1 and EPCR co-binding IE was higher in uncomplicated malaria (15% median, 8–38% interquartile range) compared to cerebral malaria (7%, 30–15%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Antibodies associated with protection from cerebral malaria target a subset of PfEMP1 domains. The Fc features of protective antibody response include engagement of FcγRIIIb and C1q, and ability to induce antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis of infected erythrocytes. Identifying the targets and Fc features of protective immunity could facilitate the development of PfEMP1-based therapeutics for cerebral malaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Analysis of Antibody Reactivity to Malaria Antigens by Microsphere-Based Multiplex Immunoassay

Author: Walker, Isobel S., primary, Chung, Amy W., additional, Damelang, Timon, additional, and Rogerson, Stephen J., additional
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. The glucocorticoids prednisone and dexamethasone differentially modulate T cell function in response to anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade

Author: Okoye, Isobel S., Xu, Lai, Walker, John, and Elahi, Shokrollah
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Tackling Immune Targets for Breast Cancer Beyond PD-1PD-L1 Axis

Author: Tabana, Yasser, primary, Okoye, Isobel S., primary, Siraki, Arno, primary, Elahi, Shokrollah, primary, and Barakat, Khaled H., primary
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Estimating the abundance of benthic invertebrates from trap-catch data

Author: Hiddink, Jan Geert, primary, Coleman, Matthew T, additional, Brouwer, Stephen, additional, Bloor, Isobel S M, additional, and Jenkins, Stuart R, additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. A standardized assessment of geographic variation in size at maturity of European lobster (Homarus gammarus L.) in the North East Atlantic

Author: Matthew T Coleman, Matthew Garratt, Natalie Hold, Isobel S M Bloor, Stuart R Jenkins, Joanne S Porter, Oliver Tully, and Michael C Bell
Subjects: Ecology, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Assessing size at maturity for European lobster Homarus gammarus across the North East Atlantic remains a fundamental knowledge gap for this commercially valuable fishery. This study for the first time collates existing data on physiological maturity of female European lobster H. gammarus across the North East Atlantic, including new data from Scotland, Wales, and the Isle of Man. Physiological estimates of size at maturity were undertaken using 1309 lobsters from 11 locations using a standardized methodology. Carapace length (CL) at which 50% of the sampled population had reached physiological maturity (CL50) varied between populations, ranging from 82 to 92.5 mm. CL50 estimates reported here are broadly similar for historic population samples in England, but estimates for Irish samples were lower than previous results. The development of a H. gammarus specific staging guide and methodology in this study enables the future comparison of potential fluctuations in female size at maturity.
Published: 2023

16. The Amish in Indiana.

Author: University of Southern Indiana, Evansville. and Arvin, Isobel S.
Abstract: Four lesson plans for teaching elementary students about the Amish in Indiana are presented in this document. The lessons include: (1) using periodicals to learn about Amish life; (2) using the budget to learn about Amish life; (3) simulating a day in an Amish school; and (4) visiting the Amish. A 14-item list of resources for teaching about the Amish also is included. (DB)
Published: 1991

17. Tumor progression locus 2 reduces severe allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting Ccl24 production in dendritic cells

Author: Kannan, Yashaswini, Li, Yanda, Coomes, Stephanie M., Okoye, Isobel S., Pelly, Victoria S., Sriskantharajah, Srividya, Gückel, Eva, Webb, Lauren, Czieso, Stephanie, Nikolov, Nikolay, MacDonald, Andrew S., Ley, Steven C., and Wilson, Mark S.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Estimating the abundance of benthic invertebrates from trap-catch data.

Author: Hiddink, Jan Geert, Coleman, Matthew T, Brouwer, Stephen, Bloor, Isobel S M, and Jenkins, Stuart R
Subjects: INVERTEBRATES, STANDARDIZED tests, TEST methods, OCEAN bottom, SPACE charge
Abstract: Trap fisheries targeting invertebrates are economically important but many of the target species lack stock assessments. One reason for this is the difficulty of estimating density. One important means by which density can be estimated uses the catch rates of baited traps that are spaced at different distances. With declining spacing, the sphere of attraction will increasingly overlap, leading to reductions in catches, allowing for the estimation of the density that is catchable by traps on the seabed. Here we review the analytical methods adopted across a range of studies and find that no consensus on robust methods exists. We propose an analytical method that assumes the trapping area is circular and that the chance of catching an individual declines linearly with distance from the trap. We apply this method to estimate the density and the trapping radius of crabs and gastropods from real and simulated datasets. The method estimated a trapping radius of between 4 and 86 m, and densities that are up to 2.5 times less and 13 times greater than estimates provided in the original sources, illustrating the sensitivity to methodology. In conclusion, we provide and test a standardized method to estimate the density of benthic invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Pathogenicity and virulence of malaria: Sticky problems and tricky solutions.

Author: Walker, Isobel S and Rogerson, Stephen J
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Raising the Bar: A qualitative study of a co-produced model for promoting research partnerships in mental health

Author: River, J, Bellingham, B, Isobel, S, Gill, K, Boydell, K, Conlon, L, Goodhew, M, Cutler, N, Kemp, H, River, J, Bellingham, B, Isobel, S, Gill, K, Boydell, K, Conlon, L, Goodhew, M, Cutler, N, and Kemp, H
Abstract: Internationally, lead agencies and consumer movements emphasise the need for high-level research participation in mental health. However, evidence suggests that people with lived experience tend to be recruited as subjects rather than as active agents in research, or are consulted in tokenistic ways. Although participatory research has the potential to rectify epistemic disparities, few studies have grappled with how to move from exclusion and tokenism to high-level research participation. This paper describes a qualitative co-evaluation of a co-produced model of research partnership, Raising the Bar, which involved deliberate establishment and facilitation of six participatory research teams, comprising 28 lived experience and ‘conventional' mental health researchers. Findings indicate that the theoretical elements of the model set the bar high from the outset, supporting research teams to address inconsistencies in knowledge about participation. It also provided researchers with the competencies and resources to undertake participatory research in egalitarian team structures, and to negotiate new forms of non-traditional research outputs - thereby challenging whom research might be for and how it might be made accessible. Finally, the model shifted collective meanings about research, lending credibility to participatory practices, which came to be seen as essential for meeting the needs of affected communities. Nonetheless, systemic barriers to participatory research remain, and need to be recognised and acted upon to promote a culture that supports high-level research participation.
Published: 2023

21. Paino, E., River, J., Bellingham, B., Brien, B., Cruickshank, S., D’Lima, R., Grace, R., Heffernan, T., Henkel, D., Isobel, S., Kemp, H., Stott, S.,B., Thorburn, K., Gusheh, M., & Zappalà, G. (2023). Towards a Meaningful Evaluation Framework for Peer Work. Short Report 2023. Centre for Social Justice and Inclusion, University of Technology Sydney. 28 Sep 2023. Centre for Social Justice and Inclusion, UTS, Available via UTS.

Author: Paino, E, River, J, Bellingham, B, Cruickshank, S, D'Lima, R, Grace, R, Heffernan, T, Henkel, D, Isobel, S, Kemp, H, Stott, S, Thorburn, K, Gusheh, M, Zappala, G, Paino, E, River, J, Bellingham, B, Cruickshank, S, D'Lima, R, Grace, R, Heffernan, T, Henkel, D, Isobel, S, Kemp, H, Stott, S, Thorburn, K, Gusheh, M, and Zappala, G
Published: 2023

22. Paino, E., River, J., Bellingham, B., Brien, B., Cruickshank, S., D’Lima, R., Grace, R., Heffernan, T., Henkel, D., Isobel, S., Kemp, H., Stott, S.,B., Thorburn, K., Gusheh, M., & Zappalà, G. (2023). Towards a Meaningful Evaluation Framework for Peer Work. Short Report 2023. Centre for Social Justice and Inclusion, University of Technology Sydney.

Author: Paino, E, River, J, Bellingham, B, Cruickshank, S, D'Lima, R, Grace, R, Heffernan, T, Henkel, D, Isobel, S, Kemp, H, Stott, S, Thorburn, K, Gusheh, M, Zappala, G, Paino, E, River, J, Bellingham, B, Cruickshank, S, D'Lima, R, Grace, R, Heffernan, T, Henkel, D, Isobel, S, Kemp, H, Stott, S, Thorburn, K, Gusheh, M, and Zappala, G
Published: 2023

23. T-cell–intrinsic Tif1α/Trim24 regulates IL-1R expression on T H 2 cells and T H 2 cell-mediated airway allergy

Author: Perez-Lloret, Jimena, Okoye, Isobel S., Guidi, Riccardo, Kannan, Yashaswini, Coomes, Stephanie M., Czieso, Stephanie, Mengus, Gabrielle, Davidson, Irwin, and Wilson, Mark S.
Published: 2016

24. Freshwater mussel conservation: A global horizon scan of emerging threats and opportunities

Author: Aldridge, David C, Ollard, Isobel S, Bespalaya, Yulia V, Bolotov, Ivan N, Douda, Karel, Geist, Juergen, Haag, Wendell R, Klunzinger, Michael W, Lopes-Lima, Manuel, Mlambo, Musa C, Riccardi, Nicoletta, Sousa, Ronaldo, Strayer, David L, Torres, Santiago H, Vaughn, Caryn C, Zając, Tadeusz, Zieritz, Alexandra, Aldridge, David C [0000-0001-9067-8592], Ollard, Isobel S [0000-0002-5807-055X], Bespalaya, Yulia V [0000-0002-9066-4833], Bolotov, Ivan N [0000-0002-3878-4192], Douda, Karel [0000-0002-7778-5147], Geist, Juergen [0000-0001-7698-3443], Haag, Wendell R [0000-0001-8742-8381], Klunzinger, Michael W [0000-0003-4141-7788], Lopes-Lima, Manuel [0000-0002-2761-7962], Mlambo, Musa C [0000-0001-7624-5686], Riccardi, Nicoletta [0000-0002-5297-3387], Sousa, Ronaldo [0000-0002-5961-5515], Strayer, David L [0000-0002-6767-4486], Torres, Santiago H [0000-0002-2118-0739], Vaughn, Caryn C [0000-0003-3749-836X], Zając, Tadeusz [0000-0003-2048-9205], Zieritz, Alexandra [0000-0002-0305-8270], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Conservation of Natural Resources, Global and Planetary Change, threats, Ecology, conservation, Fresh Water, mussel health, freshwater mussel, diversity, Bivalvia, Rivers, horizon scan, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, ecosystem services, unionid, Ecosystem, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Funder: Australian National Environmental Science Foundation, Funder: Corpus Christi College; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000591, Funder: IOP PAN, We identified 14 emerging and poorly understood threats and opportunities for addressing the global conservation of freshwater mussels over the next decade. A panel of 17 researchers and stakeholders from six continents submitted a total of 56 topics that were ranked and prioritized using a consensus-building Delphi technique. Our 14 priority topics fell into five broad themes (autecology, population dynamics, global stressors, global diversity, and ecosystem services) and included understanding diets throughout mussel life history; identifying the drivers of population declines; defining metrics for quantifying mussel health; assessing the role of predators, parasites, and disease; informed guidance on the risks and opportunities for captive breeding and translocations; the loss of mussel-fish co-evolutionary relationships; assessing the effects of increasing surface water changes; understanding the effects of sand and aggregate mining; understanding the effects of drug pollution and other emerging contaminants such as nanomaterials; appreciating the threats and opportunities arising from river restoration; conserving understudied hotspots by building local capacity through the principles of decolonization; identifying appropriate taxonomic units for conservation; improved quantification of the ecosystem services provided by mussels; and understanding how many mussels are enough to provide these services. Solutions for addressing the topics ranged from ecological studies to technological advances and socio-political engagement. Prioritization of our topics can help to drive a proactive approach to the conservation of this declining group which provides a multitude of important ecosystem services.
Published: 2022

25. A standardized assessment of geographic variation in size at maturity of European lobster (Homarus gammarus L.) in the North East Atlantic

Author: Coleman, Matthew T, primary, Garratt, Matthew, additional, Hold, Natalie, additional, Bloor, Isobel S M, additional, Jenkins, Stuart R, additional, Porter, Joanne S, additional, Tully, Oliver, additional, and Bell, Michael C, additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Transcriptomics identified a critical role for Th2 cell-intrinsic miR-155 in mediating allergy and antihelminth immunity

Author: Okoye, Isobel S., Czieso, Stephanie, Ktistaki, Eleni, Roderick, Kathleen, Coomes, Stephanie M., Pelly, Victoria S., Kannan, Yashaswini, Perez-Lloret, Jimena, Zhao, Jimmy L., Baltimore, David, Langhorne, Jean, and Wilson, Mark S.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Analysis of Antibody Reactivity to Malaria Antigens by Microsphere-Based Multiplex Immunoassay

Author: Isobel S, Walker, Amy W, Chung, Timon, Damelang, and Stephen J, Rogerson
Subjects: Immunoassay, Humans, Antigens, Protozoan, Antibodies, Microspheres, Malaria
Abstract: Protein multiplex assays enable serological analysis of multiple target proteins simultaneously, using relatively small volumes of patient sample per assay. Here we present a detailed protocol to analyze antibody reactivity to malaria antigens by microsphere-based multiplex assay (xMAP technology). This method involves coupling of recombinant proteins to fluorescently labeled microspheres; simultaneous exposure of all microspheres to plasma or sera, and detection of antigen-specific antibodies with a fluorescent labeled anti-human Fc region antibody. In addition to total IgG, this assay can be adapted to measure multiple properties of the antibody Fc region, including subclass, isotype, and Fc receptor or complement C1q binding.
Published: 2022

28. Editorial perspective: Prato Research Collaborative for change in parent and child mental health - principles and recommendations for working with children and parents living with parental mental illness

Author: Reupert, A.E., Bee, P., Hosman, C.M.H., Doesum, K.T.M. van, Drost, L.M., Falkov, A., Foster, K.N., Gatsou, L., Gladstone, B.M., Goodyear, M., Grant, A., Grové, C., Isobel, S., Kowalenko, N.M., Lauritzen, C., Maybery, D., Mordoch, E., Nicholson, J., Reedtz, C., Solantaus, T., Stavnes, K., Weimand, B.M., Yates, S., Ruud, T., Reupert, A.E., Bee, P., Hosman, C.M.H., Doesum, K.T.M. van, Drost, L.M., Falkov, A., Foster, K.N., Gatsou, L., Gladstone, B.M., Goodyear, M., Grant, A., Grové, C., Isobel, S., Kowalenko, N.M., Lauritzen, C., Maybery, D., Mordoch, E., Nicholson, J., Reedtz, C., Solantaus, T., Stavnes, K., Weimand, B.M., Yates, S., and Ruud, T.
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext, Children whose parents have mental illnesses are among the most vulnerable in our communities. There is however, much that can be done to prevent or mitigate the impact of a parent's illness on children. Notwithstanding the availability of several evidence-based interventions, efforts to support these children have been limited by a lack of adequate support structures. Major service reorientation is required to better meet the needs of these children and their families. This editorial provides recommendations for practice, organisational, and systems change.
Published: 2022

29. Stratified analyses refine association between TLR7 rare variants and severe COVID-19

Author: Jannik Boos, Caspar I. van der Made, Gayatri Ramakrishnan, Eamon Coughlan, Rosanna Asselta, Britt-Sabina Löscher, Luca V.C. Valenti, Rafael de Cid, Luis Bujanda, Antonio Julià, Erola Pairo-Castineira, J. Kenneth Baillie, Sandra May, Berina Zametica, Julia Heggemann, Agustín Albillos, Jesus M. Banales, Jordi Barretina, Natalia Blay, Paolo Bonfanti, Maria Buti, Javier Fernandez, Sara Marsal, Daniele Prati, Luisa Ronzoni, Nicoletta Sacchi, Joachim L. Schultze, Olaf Riess, Andre Franke, Konrad Rawlik, David Ellinghaus, Alexander Hoischen, Axel Schmidt, Kerstin U. Ludwig, Valeria Rimoldi, Elvezia M. Paraboschi, Alessandra Bandera, Flora Peyvandi, Giacomo Grasselli, Francesco Blasi, Francesco Malvestiti, Serena Pelusi, Cristiana Bianco, Lorenzo Miano, Angela Lombardi, Pietro Invernizzi, Alessio Gerussi, Giuseppe Citerio, Andrea Biondi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Giuseppe Foti, Ilaria Beretta, Mariella D'Angiò, Laura Rachele Bettini, Xavier Farré, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Manolis Kogevinas, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria, Beatriz Nafria, Mauro D'Amato, Adriana Palom, Colin Begg, Sara Clohisey, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Julian Knight, Lowell Ling, David Maslove, Danny McAuley, Johnny Millar, Hugh Montgomery, Alistair Nichol, Peter J.M. Openshaw, Alexandre C. Pereira, Chris P. Ponting, Kathy Rowan, Malcolm G. Semple, Manu Shankar-Hari, Charlotte Summers, Timothy Walsh, Latha Aravindan, Ruth Armstrong, Heather Biggs, Ceilia Boz, Adam Brown, Richard Clark, Audrey Coutts, Judy Coyle, Louise Cullum, Sukamal Das, Nicky Day, Lorna Donnelly, Esther Duncan, Angie Fawkes, Paul Fineran, Max Head Fourman, Anita Furlong, James Furniss, Bernadette Gallagher, Tammy Gilchrist, Ailsa Golightly, Fiona Griffiths, Katarzyna Hafezi, Debbie Hamilton, Ross Hendry, Andy Law, Dawn Law, Rachel Law, Sarah Law, Rebecca Lidstone-Scott, Louise Macgillivray, Alan Maclean, Hanning Mal, Sarah McCafferty, Ellie Mcmaster, Jen Meikle, Shona C. Moore, Kirstie Morrice, Lee Murphy, Sheena Murphy, Mybaya Hellen, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Chenqing Zheng, Jiantao Chen, Nick Parkinson, Trevor Paterson, Katherine Schon, Andrew Stenhouse, Mihaela Das, Maaike Swets, Helen Szoor-McElhinney, Filip Taneski, Lance Turtle, Tony Wackett, Mairi Ward, Jane Weaver, Nicola Wrobel, Marie Zechner, Gill Arbane, Aneta Bociek, Sara Campos, Neus Grau, Tim Owen Jones, Rosario Lim, Martina Marotti, Marlies Ostermann, Christopher Whitton, Zoe Alldis, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Fatima Bibi, Jack Biddle, Sarah Blow, Matthew Bolton, Catherine Borra, Ruth Bowles, Maudrian Burton, Yasmin Choudhury, David Collier, Amber Cox, Amy Easthope, Patrizia Ebano, Stavros Fotiadis, Jana Gurasashvili, Rosslyn Halls, Pippa Hartridge, Delordson Kallon, Jamila Kassam, Ivone Lancoma-Malcolm, Maninderpal Matharu, Peter May, Oliver Mitchelmore, Tabitha Newman, Mital Patel, Jane Pheby, Irene Pinzuti, Zoe Prime, Oleksandra Prysyazhna, Julian Shiel, Melanie Taylor, Carey Tierney, Suzanne Wood, Anne Zak, Olivier Zongo, Stephen Bonner, Keith Hugill, Jessica Jones, Steven Liggett, Evie Headlam, Nageswar Bandla, Minnie Gellamucho, Michelle Davies, Christopher Thompson, Marwa Abdelrazik, Dhanalakshmi Bakthavatsalam, Munzir Elhassan, Arunkumar Ganesan, Anne Haldeos, Jeronimo Moreno-Cuesta, Dharam Purohit, Rachel Vincent, Kugan Xavier, Kumar Rohit, Frater Alasdair, Malik Saleem, Carter David, Jenkins Samuel, Zoe Lamond, Wall Alanna, Jaime Fernandez-Roman, David O. Hamilton, Emily Johnson, Brian Johnston, Maria Lopez Martinez, Suleman Mulla, David Shaw, Alicia A.C. Waite, Victoria Waugh, Ingeborg D. Welters, Karen Williams, Anna Cavazza, Maeve Cockrell, Eleanor Corcoran, Maria Depante, Clare Finney, Ellen Jerome, Mark McPhail, Monalisa Nayak, Harriet Noble, Kevin O'Reilly, Evita Pappa, Rohit Saha, Sian Saha, John Smith, Abigail Knighton, David Antcliffe, Dorota Banach, Stephen Brett, Phoebe Coghlan, Ziortza Fernandez, Anthony Gordon, Roceld Rojo, Sonia Sousa Arias, Maie Templeton, Megan Meredith, Lucy Morris, Lucy Ryan, Amy Clark, Julia Sampson, Cecilia Peters, Martin Dent, Margaret Langley, Saima Ashraf, Shuying Wei, Angela Andrew, Archana Bashyal, Neil Davidson, Paula Hutton, Stuart McKechnie, Jean Wilson, David Baptista, Rebecca Crowe, Rita Fernandes, Rosaleen Herdman-Grant, Anna Joseph, Denise O'Connor, Meryem Allen, Adam Loveridge, India McKenley, Eriko Morino, Andres Naranjo, Richard Simms, Kathryn Sollesta, Andrew Swain, Harish Venkatesh, Jacyntha Khera, Jonathan Fox, Gillian Andrew, Lucy Barclay, Marie Callaghan, Rachael Campbell, Sarah Clark, Dave Hope, Lucy Marshall, Corrienne McCulloch, Kate Briton, Jo Singleton, Sohphie Birch, Lutece Brimfield, Zoe Daly, David Pogson, Steve Rose, Ceri Battle, Elaine Brinkworth, Rachel Harford, Carl Murphy, Luke Newey, Tabitha Rees, Marie Williams, Sophie Arnold, Petra Polgarova, Katerina Stroud, Eoghan Meaney, Megan Jones, Anthony Ng, Shruti Agrawal, Nazima Pathan, Deborah White, Esther Daubney, Kay Elston, Lina Grauslyte, Musarat Hussain, Mandeep Phull, Tatiana Pogreban, Lace Rosaroso, Erika Salciute, George Franke, Joanna Wong, Aparna George, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Emily Peasgood, Claire Phillips, Michelle Bates, Jo Dasgin, Jaspret Gill, Annette Nilsson, James Scriven, Carlos Castro Delgado, Deborah Dawson, Lijun Ding, Georgia Durrant, Obiageri Ezeobu, Sarah Farnell-Ward, Abiola Harrison, Rebecca Kanu, Susannah Leaver, Elena Maccacari, Soumendu Manna, Romina Pepermans Saluzzio, Joana Queiroz, Tinashe Samakomva, Christine Sicat, Joana Texeira, Edna Fernandes Da Gloria, Ana Lisboa, John Rawlins, Jisha Mathew, Ashley Kinch, William James Hurt, Nirav Shah, Victoria Clark, Maria Thanasi, Nikki Yun, Kamal Patel, Sara Bennett, Emma Goodwin, Matthew Jackson, Alissa Kent, Clare Tibke, Wiesia Woodyatt, Ahmed Zaki, Azmerelda Abraheem, Peter Bamford, Kathryn Cawley, Charlie Dunmore, Maria Faulkner, Rumanah Girach, Helen Jeffrey, Rhianna Jones, Emily London, Imrun Nagra, Farah Nasir, Hannah Sainsbury, Clare Smedley, Tahera Patel, Matthew Smith, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Aayesha Kazi, Janice Hartley, Joseph Dykes, Muhammad Hijazi, Sarah Keith, Meherunnisa Khan, Janet Ryan-Smith, Philippa Springle, Jacqueline Thomas, Nick Truman, Samuel Saad, Dabheoc Coleman, Christopher Fine, Roseanna Matt, Bethan Gay, Jack Dalziel, Syamlan Ali, Drew Goodchild, Rhiannan Harling, Ravi Bhatterjee, Wendy Goddard, Chloe Davison, Stephen Duberly, Jeanette Hargreaves, Rachel Bolton, Miriam Davey, David Golden, Rebecca Seaman, Shiney Cherian, Sean Cutler, Anne Emma Heron, Anna Roynon-Reed, Tamas Szakmany, Gemma Williams, Owen Richards, Yusuf Cheema, Hollie Brooke, Sarah Buckley, Jose Cebrian Suarez, Ruth Charlesworth, Karen Hansson, John Norris, Alice Poole, Alastair Rose, Rajdeep Sandhu, Brendan Sloan, Elizabeth Smithson, Muthu Thirumaran, Veronica Wagstaff, Alexandra Metcalfe, Mark Brunton, Jess Caterson, Holly Coles, Matthew Frise, Sabi Gurung Rai, Nicola Jacques, Liza Keating, Emma Tilney, Shauna Bartley, Parminder Bhuie, Sian Gibson, Amanda Lyle, Fiona McNeela, Jayachandran Radhakrishnan, Alistair Hughes, Bryan Yates, Jessica Reynolds, Helen Campbell, Maria Thompsom, Steve Dodds, Stacey Duffy, Sandra Greer, Karen Shuker, Ascanio Tridente, Reena Khade, Ashok Sundar, George Tsinaslanidis, Isobel Birkinshaw, Joseph Carter, Kate Howard, Joanne Ingham, Rosie Joy, Harriet Pearson, Samantha Roche, Zoe Scott, Hollie Bancroft, Mary Bellamy, Margaret Carmody, Jacqueline Daglish, Faye Moore, Joanne Rhodes, Mirriam Sangombe, Salma Kadiri, Maria Croft, Ian White, Victoria Frost, Maia Aquino, Rajeev Jha, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Lai Lim, Li Lim, Edward Combes, Teishel Joefield, Sonja Monnery, Valerie Beech, Sallyanne Trotman, Christine Almaden-Boyle, Pauline Austin, Louise Cabrelli, Stephen Cole, Matt Casey, Susan Chapman, Clare Whyte, Yolanda Baird, Aaron Butler, Indra Chadbourn, Linda Folkes, Heather Fox, Amy Gardner, Raquel Gomez, Gillian Hobden, Luke Hodgson, Kirsten King, Michael Margarson, Tim Martindale, Emma Meadows, Dana Raynard, Yvette Thirlwall, David Helm, Jordi Margalef, Kristine Criste, Rebecca Cusack, Kim Golder, Hannah Golding, Oliver Jones, Samantha Leggett, Michelle Male, Martyna Marani, Kirsty Prager, Toran Williams, Belinda Roberts, Karen Salmon, Peter Anderson, Katie Archer, Karen Austin, Caroline Davis, Alison Durie, Olivia Kelsall, Jessica Thrush, Charlie Vigurs, Laura Wild, Hannah-Louise Wood, Helen Tranter, Alison Harrison, Nicholas Cowley, Michael McAlindon, Andrew Burtenshaw, Stephen Digby, Emma Low, Aled Morgan, Naiara Cother, Tobias Rankin, Sarah Clayton, Alex McCurdy, Cecilia Ahmed, Balvinder Baines, Sarah Clamp, Julie Colley, Risna Haq, Anne Hayes, Jonathan Hulme, Samia Hussain, Sibet Joseph, Rita Kumar, Zahira Maqsood, Manjit Purewal, Leonie Benham, Zena Bradshaw, Joanna Brown, Melanie Caswell, Jason Cupitt, Sarah Melling, Stephen Preston, Nicola Slawson, Emma Stoddard, Scott Warden, Bethan Deacon, Ceri Lynch, Carla Pothecary, Lisa Roche, Gwenllian Sera Howe, Jayaprakash Singh, Keri Turner, Hannah Ellis, Natalie Stroud, Jodie Hunt, Joy Dearden, Emma Dobson, Andy Drummond, Michelle Mulcahy, Sheila Munt, Grainne O'Connor, Jennifer Philbin, Chloe Rishton, Redmond Tully, Sarah Winnard, Susanne Cathcart, Katharine Duffy, Alex Puxty, Kathryn Puxty, Lynne Turner, Jane Ireland, Gary Semple, Kate Long, Simon Whiteley, Elizabeth Wilby, Bethan Ogg, Amanda Cowton, Andrea Kay, Melanie Kent, Kathryn Potts, Ami Wilkinson, Suzanne Campbell, Ellen Brown, Julie Melville, Jay Naisbitt, Rosane Joseph, Maria Lazo, Olivia Walton, Alan Neal, Peter Alexander, Schvearn Allen, Joanne Bradley-Potts, Craig Brantwood, Jasmine Egan, Timothy Felton, Grace Padden, Luke Ward, Stuart Moss, Susannah Glasgow, Lynn Abel, Michael Brett, Brian Digby, Lisa Gemmell, James Hornsby, Patrick MacGoey, Pauline O'Neil, Richard Price, Natalie Rodden, Kevin Rooney, Radha Sundaram, Nicola Thomson, Bridget Hopkins, Laura Thrasyvoulou, Heather Willis, Martyn Clark, Martina Coulding, Edward Jude, Jacqueline McCormick, Oliver Mercer, Darsh Potla, Hafiz Rehman, Heather Savill, Victoria Turner, Charlotte Downes, Kathleen Holding, Katie Riches, Mary Hilton, Mel Hayman, Deepak Subramanian, Priya Daniel, Oluronke Adanini, Nikhil Bhatia, Maines Msiska, Rebecca Collins, Ian Clement, Bijal Patel, A. Gulati, Carole Hays, K. Webster, Anne Hudson, Andrea Webster, Elaine Stephenson, Louise McCormack, Victoria Slater, Rachel Nixon, Helen Hanson, Maggie Fearby, Sinead Kelly, Victoria Bridgett, Philip Robinson, Julie Camsooksai, Charlotte Humphrey, Sarah Jenkins, Henrik Reschreiter, Beverley Wadams, Yasmin Death, Victoria Bastion, Daphene Clarke, Beena David, Harriet Kent, Rachel Lorusso, Gamu Lubimbi, Sophie Murdoch, Melchizedek Penacerrada, Alastair Thomas, Jennifer Valentine, Ana Vochin, Retno Wulandari, Brice Djeugam, Gillian Bell, Katy English, Amro Katary, Louise Wilcox, Michelle Bruce, Karen Connolly, Tracy Duncan, Helen T-Michael, Gabriella Lindergard, Samuel Hey, Claire Fox, Jordan Alfonso, Laura Jayne Durrans, Jacinta Guerin, Bethan Blackledge, Jade Harris, Martin Hruska, Ayaa Eltayeb, Thomas Lamb, Tracey Hodgkiss, Lisa Cooper, Joanne Rothwell, Angela Allan, Felicity Anderson, Callum Kaye, Jade Liew, Jasmine Medhora, Teresa Scott, Erin Trumper, Adriana Botello, Liana Lankester, Nikitas Nikitas, Colin Wells, Bethan Stowe, Kayleigh Spencer, Craig Brandwood, Lara Smith, Katie Birchall, Laurel Kolakaluri, Deborah Baines, Anila Sukumaran, Elena Apetri, Cathrine Basikolo, Laura Catlow, Bethan Charles, Paul Dark, Reece Doonan, Alice Harvey, Daniel Horner, Karen Knowles, Stephanie Lee, Diane Lomas, Chloe Lyons, Tracy Marsden, Danielle McLaughlan, Liam McMorrow, Jessica Pendlebury, Jane Perez, Maria Poulaka, Nicola Proudfoot, Melanie Slaughter, Kathryn Slevin, Vicky Thomas, Danielle Walker, Angiy Michael, Matthew Collis, Tracey Cosier, Gemma Millen, Neil Richardson, Natasha Schumacher, Heather Weston, James Rand, Nicola Baxter, Steven Henderson, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Christopher McParland, Laura Rooney, Malcolm Sim, Gordan McCreath, Louise Akeroyd, Shereen Bano, Matt Bromley, Lucy Gurr, Tom Lawton, James Morgan, Kirsten Sellick, Deborah Warren, Brian Wilkinson, Janet McGowan, Camilla Ledgard, Amelia Stacey, Kate Pye, Ruth Bellwood, Michael Bentley, Jeremy Bewley, Zoe Garland, Lisa Grimmer, Bethany Gumbrill, Rebekah Johnson, Katie Sweet, Denise Webster, Georgia Efford, Karen Convery, Deirdre Fottrell-Gould, Lisa Hudig, Jocelyn Keshet-Price, Georgina Randell, Katie Stammers, Maria Bokhari, Vanessa Linnett, Rachael Lucas, Wendy McCormick, Jenny Ritzema, Amanda Sanderson, Helen Wild, Anthony Rostron, Alistair Roy, Lindsey Woods, Sarah Cornell, Fiona Wakinshaw, Kimberley Rogerson, Jordan Jarmain, Robert Parker, Amie Reddy, Ian Turner-Bone, Laura Wilding, Peter Harding, Caroline Abernathy, Louise Foster, Andrew Gratrix, Vicky Martinson, Priyai Parkinson, Elizabeth Stones, Llucia Carbral-Ortega, Georgia Bercades, David Brealey, Ingrid Hass, Niall MacCallum, Gladys Martir, Eamon Raith, Anna Reyes, Deborah Smyth, Letizia Zitter, Sarah Benyon, Suzie Marriott, Linda Park, Samantha Keenan, Elizabeth Gordon, Helen Quinn, Kizzy Baines, Lenka Cagova, Adama Fofano, Lucie Garner, Helen Holcombe, Sue Mepham, Alice Michael Mitchell, Lucy Mwaura, Krithivasan Praman, Alain Vuylsteke, Julie Zamikula, Bally Purewal, Vanessa Rivers, Stephanie Bell, Hayley Blakemore, Borislava Borislavova, Beverley Faulkner, Emma Gendall, Elizabeth Goff, Kati Hayes, Matt Thomas, Ruth Worner, Kerry Smith, Deanna Stephens, Louise Mew, Esther Mwaura, Richard Stewart, Felicity Williams, Lynn Wren, Sara-Beth Sutherland, Emily Bevan, Jane Martin, Dawn Trodd, Geoff Watson, Caroline Wrey Brown, Amy Collins, Waqas Khaliq, Estefania Treus Gude, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Alasdair Bamford, Emily Beech, Holly Belfield, Michael Bell, Charlene Davies, Gareth A.L. Jones, Tara McHugh, Hamza Meghari, Lauran O'Neill, Mark J. Peters, Samiran Ray, Ana Luisa Tomas, Iona Burn, Geraldine Hambrook, Katarina Manso, Ruth Penn, Pradeep Shanmugasundaram, Julie Tebbutt, Danielle Thornton, Jade Cole, Rhys Davies, Donna Duffin, Helen Hill, Ben Player, Emma Thomas, Angharad Williams, Denise Griffin, Nycola Muchenje, Mcdonald Mupudzi, Richard Partridge, Jo-Anna Conyngham, Rachel Thomas, Mary Wright, Maria Alvarez Corral, Reni Jacob, Cathy Jones, Craig Denmade, Sarah Beavis, Katie Dale, Rachel Gascoyne, Joanne Hawes, Kelly Pritchard, Lesley Stevenson, Amanda Whileman, Patricia Doble, Joanne Hutter, Corinne Pawley, Charmaine Shovelton, Marius Vaida, Deborah Butcher, Susie O'Sullivan, Nicola Butterworth-Cowin, Norfaizan Ahmad, Joann Barker, Kris Bauchmuller, Sarah Bird, Kay Cawthron, Kate Harrington, Yvonne Jackson, Faith Kibutu, Becky Lenagh, Shamiso Masuko, Gary H. Mills, Ajay Raithatha, Matthew Wiles, Jayne Willson, Helen Newell, Alison Lye, Lorenza Nwafor, Claire Jarman, Sarah Rowland-Jones, David Foote, Joby Cole, Roger Thompson, James Watson, Lisa Hesseldon, Irene Macharia, Luke Chetam, Jacqui Smith, Amber Ford, Samantha Anderson, Kathryn Birchall, Kay Housley, Sara Walker, Leanne Milner, Helena Hanratty, Helen Trower, Patrick Phillips, Simon Oxspring, Ben Donne, Catherine Jardine, Dewi Williams, Alasdair Hay, Rebecca Flanagan, Gareth Hughes, Scott Latham, Emma McKenna, Jennifer Anderson, Robert Hull, Kat Rhead, Carina Cruz, Natalie Pattison, Rob Charnock, Denise McFarland, Denise Cosgrove, Ashar Ahmed, Anna Morris, Srinivas Jakkula, Asifa Ali, Megan Brady, Sam Dale, Annalisa Dance, Lisa Gledhill, Jill Greig, Kathryn Hanson, Kelly Holdroyd, Marie Home, Diane Kelly, Ross Kitson, Lear Matapure, Deborah Melia, Samantha Mellor, Tonicha Nortcliffe, Jez Pinnell, Matthew Robinson, Lisa Shaw, Ryan Shaw, Lesley Thomis, Alison Wilson, Tracy Wood, Lee-Ann Bayo, Ekta Merwaha, Tahira Ishaq, Sarah Hanley, Meg Hibbert, Dariusz Tetla, Chrsitopher Woodford, Latha Durga, Gareth Kennard-Holden, Debbie Branney, Jordan Frankham, Sally Pitts, Nigel White, Shondipon Laha, Mark Verlander, Alexandra Williams, Abdelhakim Altabaibeh, Ana Alvaro, Kayleigh Gilbert, Louise Ma, Loreta Mostoles, Chetan Parmar, Kathryn Simpson, Champa Jetha, Lauren Booker, Anezka Pratley, Colene Adams, Anita Agasou, Tracie Arden, Amy Bowes, Pauline Boyle, Mandy Beekes, Heather Button, Nigel Capps, Mandy Carnahan, Anne Carter, Danielle Childs, Denise Donaldson, Kelly Hard, Fran Hurford, Yasmin Hussain, Ayesha Javaid, James Jones, Sanal Jose, Michael Leigh, Terry Martin, Helen Millward, Nichola Motherwell, Rachel Rikunenko, Jo Stickley, Julie Summers, Louise Ting, Helen Tivenan, Louise Tonks, Rebecca Wilcox, Maureen Holland, Natalie Keenan, Marc Lyons, Helen Wassall, Chris Marsh, Mervin Mahenthran, Emma Carter, Thomas Kong, Helen Blackman, Ben Creagh-Brown, Sinead Donlon, Natalia Michalak-Glinska, Sheila Mtuwa, Veronika Pristopan, Armorel Salberg, Eleanor Smith, Sarah Stone, Charles Piercy, Jerik Verula, Dorota Burda, Rugia Montaser, Lesley Harden, Irving Mayangao, Cheryl Marriott, Paul Bradley, Celia Harris, Susan Anderson, Eleanor Andrews, Janine Birch, Emma Collins, Kate Hammerton, Ryan O'Leary, Michele Clark, Sarah Purvis, Russell Barber, Claire Hewitt, Annette Hilldrith, Karen Jackson-Lawrence, Sarah Shepardson, Maryanne Wills, Susan Butler, Silvia Tavares, Amy Cunningham, Julia Hindale, Sarwat Arif, Sarah Bean, Karen Burt, Michael Spivey, Carrie Demetriou, Charlotte Eckbad, Sarah Hierons, Lucy Howie, Sarah Mitchard, Lidia Ramos, Alfredo Serrano-Ruiz, Katie White, Fiona Kelly, Daniele Cristiano, Natalie Dormand, Zohreh Farzad, Mahitha Gummadi, Kamal Liyanage, Brijesh Patel, Sara Salmi, Geraldine Sloane, Vicky Thwaites, Mathew Varghese, Anelise C. Zborowski, John Allan, Tim Geary, Gordon Houston, Alistair Meikle, Peter O'Brien, Miranda Forsey, Agilan Kaliappan, Anne Nicholson, Joanne Riches, Mark Vertue, Elizabeth Allan, Kate Darlington, Ffyon Davies, Jack Easton, Sumit Kumar, Richard Lean, Daniel Menzies, Richard Pugh, Xinyi Qiu, Llinos Davies, Hannah Williams, Jeremy Scanlon, Gwyneth Davies, Callum Mackay, Joannne Lewis, Stephanie Rees, Metod Oblak, Monica Popescu, Mini Thankachen, Andrew Higham, Kerry Simpson, Jayne Craig, Rosie Baruah, Sheila Morris, Susie Ferguson, Amy Shepherd, Luke Stephen Prockter Moore, Marcela Paola Vizcaychipi, Laura Gomes de Almeida Martins, Jaime Carungcong, Inthakab Ali Mohamed Ali, Karen Beaumont, Mark Blunt, Zoe Coton, Hollie Curgenven, Mohamed Elsaadany, Kay Fernandes, Sameena Mohamed Ally, Harini Rangarajan, Varun Sarathy, Sivarupan Selvanayagam, Dave Vedage, Matthew White, Mandy Gill, Paul Paul, Valli Ratnam, Sarah Shelton, Inez Wynter, Siobhain Carmody, Valerie Joan Page, Claire Marie Beith, Karen Black, Suzanne Clements, Alan Morrison, Dominic Strachan, Margaret Taylor, Michelle Clarkson, Stuart D'Sylva, Kathryn Norman, Fiona Auld, Joanne Donnachie, Ian Edmond, Lynn Prentice, Nikole Runciman, Dario Salutous, Lesley Symon, Anne Todd, Patricia Turner, Abigail Short, Laura Sweeney, Euan Murdoch, Dhaneesha Senaratne, Michaela Hill, Thogulava Kannan, Wild Laura, Rikki Crawley, Abigail Crew, Mishell Cunningham, Allison Daniels, Laura Harrison, Susan Hope, Ken Inweregbu, Sian Jones, Nicola Lancaster, Jamie Matthews, Alice Nicholson, Gemma Wray, Helen Langton, Rachel Prout, Malcolm Watters, Catherine Novis, Anthony Barron, Ciara Collins, Sundeep Kaul, Heather Passmore, Claire Prendergast, Anna Reed, Paula Rogers, Rajvinder Shokkar, Meriel Woodruff, Hayley Middleton, Oliver Polgar, Claire Nolan, Kanta Mahay, Dawn Collier, Anil Hormis, Victoria Maynard, Cheryl Graham, Rachel Walker, Ellen Knights, Alicia Price, Alice Thomas, Chris Thorpe, Teresa Behan, Caroline Burnett, Jonathan Hatton, Elaine Heeney, Atideb Mitra, Maria Newton, Rachel Pollard, Rachael Stead, Vishal Amin, Elena Anastasescu, Vikram Anumakonda, Komala Karthik, Rizwana Kausar, Karen Reid, Jacqueline Smith, Janet Imeson-Wood, Denise Skinner, Jane Gaylard, Dee Mullan, Julie Newman, Alison Brown, Vikki Crickmore, Gabor Debreceni, Joy Wilkins, Liz Nicol, Rosie Reece-Anthony, Mark Birt, Alison Ghosh, Emma Williams, Louise Allen, Eva Beranova, Nikki Crisp, Joanne Deery, Tracy Hazelton, Alicia Knight, Carly Price, Sorrell Tilbey, Salah Turki, Sharon Turney, Joshua Cooper, Cheryl Finch, Sarah Liderth, Alison Quinn, Natalia Waddington, Tina Coventry, Susan Fowler, Michael MacMahon, Amanda McGregor, Anne Cowley, Judith Highgate, Jane Gregory, Susan O'Connell, Tim Smith, Luigi Barberis, Shameer Gopal, Nichola Harris, Victoria Lake, Stella Metherell, Elizabeth Radford, Amelia Daniel, Joanne Finn, Rajnish Saha, Nikki White, Phil Donnison, Fiona Trim, Beena Eapen, Jenny Birch, Laura Bough, Josie Goodsell, Rebecca Tutton, Patricia Williams, Sarah Williams, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Ailstair Nichol, Kathy Brickell, Michelle Smyth, Lorna Murphy, Samantha Coetzee, Alistair Gales, Igor Otahal, Meena Raj, Craig Sell, Paula Hilltout, Jayne Evitts, Amanda Tyler, Joanne Waldron, Kate Beesley, Sarah Board, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Alison Lewis, Jess Perry, Lucy Pippard, Di Wood, Clare Buckley, Peter Barry, Neil Flint, Patel Rekha, Dawn Hales, Lara Bunni, Claire Jennings, Monica Latif, Rebecca Marshall, Gayathri Subramanian, Peter J. McGuigan, Christopher Wasson, Stephanie Finn, Jackie Green, Erin Collins, Bernadette King, Andy Campbell, Sara Smuts, Joseph Duffield, Oliver Smith, Lewis Mallon, Watkins Claire, Liam Botfield, Joanna Butler, Catherine Dexter, Jo Fletcher, Atul Garg, Aditya Kuravi, Poonam Ranga, Emma Virgilio, Zakaula Belagodu, Bridget Fuller, Anca Gherman, Olumide Olufuwa, Remi Paramsothy, Carmel Stuart, Naomi Oakley, Charlotte Kamundi, David Tyl, Katy Collins, Pedro Silva, June Taylor, Laura King, Charlotte Coates, Maria Crowley, Phillipa Wakefield, Jane Beadle, Laura Johnson, Janet Sargeant, Madeleine Anderson, Ailbhe Brady, Rebekah Chan, Jeff Little, Shane McIvor, Helena Prady, Helen Whittle, Bijoy Mathew, Ben Attwood, Penny Parsons, Geraldine Ward, Pamela Bremmer, West Joe, Baird Tracy, Ruddy Jim, Ellie Davies, Sonia Sathe, Catherine Dennis, Alastair McGregor, Victoria Parris, Sinduya Srikaran, Anisha Sukha, Noreen Clarke, Jonathan Whiteside, Mairi Mascarenhas, Avril Donaldson, Joanna Matheson, Fiona Barrett, Marianne O'Hara, Laura Okeefe, Clare Bradley, Christine Eastgate-Jackson, Helder Filipe, Daniel Martin, Amitaa Maharajh, Sara Mingo Garcia, Glykeria Pakou, Mark De Neef, Kathy Dent, Elizabeth Horsley, Muhmmad Nauman Akhtar, Sandra Pearson, Dorota Potoczna, Sue Spencer, Melanie Clapham, Rosemary Harper, Una Poultney, Polly Rice, Rachel Mutch, Lisa Armstrong, Hayley Bates, Emma Dooks, Fiona Farquhar, Brigid Hairsine, Chantal McParland, Sophie Packham, Rehana Bi, Barney Scholefield, Lydia Ashton, Linsha George, Sophie Twiss, David Wright, Manish Chablani, Amy Kirkby, Kimberley Netherton, Kim Davies, Linda O'Brien, Zohra Omar, Emma Perkins, Tracy Lewis, Isobel Sutherland, Karen Burns, Dr Ben Chandler, Kerry Elliott, Janine Mallinson, Alison Turnbull, Prisca Gondo, Bernard Hadebe, Abdul Kayani, Bridgett Masunda, Taya Anderson, Dan Hawcutt, Laura O'Malley, Laura Rad, Naomi Rogers, Paula Saunderson, Kathryn Sian Allison, Deborah Afolabi, Jennifer Whitbread, Dawn Jones, Rachael Dore, Matthew Halkes, Pauline Mercer, Lorraine Thornton, Joy Dawson, Sweyn Garrioch, Melanie Tolson, Jonathan Aldridge, Ritoo Kapoor, David Loader, Karen Castle, Sally Humphreys, Ruth Tampsett, Katherine Mackintosh, Amanda Ayers, Wendy Harrison, Julie North, Suzanne Allibone, Roman Genetu, Vidya Kasipandian, Amit Patel, Ainhi Mac, Anthony Murphy, Parisa Mahjoob, Roonak Nazari, Lucy Worsley, Andrew Fagan, Thomas Bemand, Ethel Black, Arnold Dela Rosa, Ryan Howle, Shaman Jhanji, Ravishankar Rao Baikady, Kate Colette Tatham, Benjamin Thomas, Dina Bell, Rosalind Boyle, Katie Douglas, Lynn Glass, Emma Lee, Liz Lennon, Austin Rattray, Abigail Taylor, Rachel Anne Hughes, Helen Thomas, Alun Rees, Michaela Duskova, Janet Phipps, Suzanne Brooks, Michelle Edwards, Sheena Quaid, Ekaterina Watson, Adam Brayne, Emma Fisher, Jane Hunt, Peter Jackson, Duncan Kaye, Nicholas Love, Juliet Parkin, Victoria Tuckey, Lynne Van Koutrik, Sasha Carter, Benedict Andrew, Louise Findlay, Katie Adams, Jen Service, Alison Williams, Claire Cheyne, Anne Saunderson, Sam Moultrie, Miranda Odam, Kathryn Hall, Isheunesu Mapfunde, Charlotte Willis, Alex Lyon, Chunda Sri-Chandana, Joslan Scherewode, Lorraine Stephenson, Sarah Marsh, John Hardy, Henry Houlden, Eleanor Moncur, Ambreen Tariq, Arianna Tucci, Maria Hobrok, Ronda Loosley, Heather McGuinness, Helen Tench, Rebecca Wolf-Roberts, Val Irvine, Benjamin Shelley, Claire Gorman, Abhinav Gupta, Elizabeth Timlick, Rebecca Brady, Barry Milligan, Arianna Bellini, Jade Bryant, Anton Mayer, Amy Pickard, Nicholas Roe, Jason Sowter, Alex Howlett, Katy Fidler, Emma Tagliavini, and Kevin Donnelly
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2, host genetics, toll-like receptor 7, targeted sequencing, rare variants, variant collapsing analysis, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Summary: Despite extensive global research into genetic predisposition for severe COVID-19, knowledge on the role of rare host genetic variants and their relation to other risk factors remains limited. Here, 52 genes with prior etiological evidence were sequenced in 1,772 severe COVID-19 cases and 5,347 population-based controls from Spain/Italy. Rare deleterious TLR7 variants were present in 2.4% of young (
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Prevalence of a dual diagnosis of mental illness and substance use disorder in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data

Author: Jesse Young, Bryan Tanner, Matthew Crocker, Isobel Sharpe, Hong Lu, and Paul Kurdyak
Subjects: Demography. Population. Vital events, HB848-3697
Abstract: Objective Population-based prevalence estimates of co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorder (herein dual diagnosis) are scarce and derived from a single source (e.g., survey data) which may lead to underestimation of prevalence. We linked administrative data to a representative mental health survey in Ontario, Canada to estimate dual diagnosis prevalence using a data triangulation method. Approach We retrospectively linked the 2002 and 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey on Mental Health (CCHS-MH) to emergency department, inpatient hospital, and outpatient physician records in Ontario, Canada. Mental illness and substance use disorder were ascertained though self-report, Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening, and linked administrative health records. We estimated 1-year, 5-year, and lifetime prevalence of dual diagnosis. Results Of the CCHS-MH survey participants, 14,790 (99.8%) were included in the study. The 1-year, 5-year, and lifetime prevalence of dual diagnosis was 2.3%, 4.8%, and 9.8%, respectively, which attenuated to 2.1%, 4.1%, and 8.4%, respectively, when tobacco use disorder was removed from substance use disorder ascertainment. Conclusion Dual diagnosis is more common in the general population than previously estimated. Considering barriers to accessing care for both mental illness and substance use disorders among people with dual diagnosis annually, our 5-year prevalence estimate is likely most informative for health system planning. Implications In the context of increased health burden, barriers to care access, and challenges to effective treatment associated with dual diagnosis, our findings present a case for increased investment in integrated models of mental healthcare and addiction medicine.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Long-term trends in co-occurring medical and psychiatric hospitalizations among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada.

Author: Natasha Saunders, Astrid Guttmann, Maria Chiu, Sima Gandhi, Simone Vigod, Paul Kurdyak, Kinwah Fung, Isobel Sharpe, Scott Emerson, and Alene Toulany
Subjects: Demography. Population. Vital events, HB848-3697
Abstract: Background Psychiatric conditions are common amongst hospitalized children. Co-occurring psychiatric conditions for medical hospitalizations contribute to length of stay, costs, and readmissions. We sought to measure trends over 20 years in pediatric hospitalizations for co-occurring medical and psychiatric conditions and compare with those without psychiatric comorbidity, overall and in free-standing children’s hospitals. Methods We identified all 3- to 17-year-olds hospitalized in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2003 and March 31, 2022. Using health record discharge diagnoses, hospitalizations were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: 1) medical-diagnosis-only, 2) psychiatric-diagnosis-only, 3) primary medical diagnosis with psychiatric comorbidity, and 4) primary psychiatric diagnosis with medical comorbidity. Hospitalization trends for 1) all hospitals, and 2) free-standing children’s hospitals were described and compared. Results From 2003 to 2022, medical-diagnosis-only hospitalizations declined 39% (41,909 to 25,486 hospitalizations), psychiatric-diagnosis-only hospitalizations increased 96% (3227 to 6337), medical hospitalizations with psychiatric comorbidity increased 127% (977 to 2221) and psychiatric hospitalizations with medical comorbidity increased 100% (2051 to 4096). Among pediatric hospitals, medical-diagnosis-only hospitalizations increased 23% (12,430 to 15,318), psychiatric-diagnosis-only hospitalizations increased 420% (271 to 1408), psychiatric hospitalizations with medical comorbidity increased 172% (539 to 1468) and medical hospitalizations with psychiatric comorbidity increased 235% (478 to 1599). Conclusions Hospitals have experienced large absolute and relative increases in volumes for psychiatric conditions both with and without co-occurring medical conditions, particularly among free-standing children’s hospitals. Healthcare provider training, hospital resourcing, and health system planning must consider how best to accommodate the increasing acute psychiatric care needs of hospitalized children and adolescents.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Artificial light improves escapement of fish from a trawl net

Author: Isobel S. M. Bloor, David Beard, Lucy K. Southworth, Dan Watson, Michel J. Kaiser, Frances C. Ratcliffe, and Jack Emmerson
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Bycatch reduction device, Artificial light, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Haddock, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Whiting, Discards, Bycatch, Fishery, Environmental science, %22">Fish , Escapement
Abstract: The elimination of unwanted catch in mixed species fisheries is technically challenging given the complexity of fish behaviour within nets. Most approaches to date have employed technologies that modify the nets themselves or use physical sorting grids within the gear. There is currently increasing interest in the use of artificial light to either deter fish from entering the net, or to enhance their escapement from within the net. Here, we evaluated the differences in catch retained in a standard otter trawl, relative to the same gear fitted with a square mesh panel, or a square mesh panel fitted with LEDs. We found that the selectivity of the gear differed depending on water depth. When using a square mesh panel in shallow depths of 29–40 m the unwanted bycatch of whiting and haddock was reduced by 86% and 58% respectively. In deep, darker water (45–95 m), no change in catch was observed in the square-mesh panel treatment, however when LEDs were added to the square-mesh panel, haddock and flatfish catches were reduced by 47% and 25% respectively. These findings demonstrate the potential to improve the performance of bycatch reduction devices through the addition of light devices to enhance selectivity. The results also highlight species-specific and site-specific differences in the performance of bycatch reduction devices, and hence a more adaptive approach to reduce bycatch is probably required to maximize performance.
Published: 2020

33. Standards and Metrology for Viral Vectors as Molecular Tools: Outcomes from a CCQM Workshop

Author: Jonathan J. Campbell, Neil Almond, Young-Kyong Bae, Ravneet Bhuller, Andrea Briones, Sang-Joon Cho, Megan H. Cleveland, Thomas E. Cleveland, Francis Galaway, Hua-Jun He, Ulrike Herbrand, Jim F. Huggett, Sarah Kempster, Ibolya E. Kepiro, Arifa S. Khan, Edward Kwee, Wilson Li, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Luise Luckau, Caterina Minelli, Maxim G. Ryadnov, Isobel Searing, Lili Wang, Alexandra S. Whale, and Julian H. Braybrook
Subjects: viral vectors, metrology, standards, measurement, analytical methods, characterisation, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Viral vectors are agents enabling gene transfer and genome editing and have widespread utility across the healthcare and biotechnology sectors. In January 2023, the International Bureau for Weights and Measures’ Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM) held a workshop on Metrology for Viral systems as molecular tools. The workshop brought together international leaders from across regulatory, industry, government science, and metrology sectors to better understand key challenges for the community: Exploring current limitations in the measurement of virus-derived, virus-based, and virus-like systems in terms of quantification and characterisation; surveying the state-of-the-art in analytical methods and reference material provision for these entities; and initiating a dialog for the strategic development and implementation of suitable standardisation approaches for this sector. This article presents the workshop background and rationale, presentation summaries, conclusions, and recommendations.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Freshwater mussel conservation: A global horizon scan of emerging threats and opportunities.

Author: Aldridge, David C., Ollard, Isobel S., Bespalaya, Yulia V., Bolotov, Ivan N., Douda, Karel, Geist, Juergen, Haag, Wendell R., Klunzinger, Michael W., Lopes‐Lima, Manuel, Mlambo, Musa C., Riccardi, Nicoletta, Sousa, Ronaldo, Strayer, David L., Torres, Santiago H., Vaughn, Caryn C., Zając, Tadeusz, and Zieritz, Alexandra
Subjects: *FRESHWATER mussels, *ECOSYSTEM services, *PREDATION, *FISH parasites, *LIFE history theory, *STREAM restoration, *DELPHI method, *POPULATION dynamics
Abstract: We identified 14 emerging and poorly understood threats and opportunities for addressing the global conservation of freshwater mussels over the next decade. A panel of 17 researchers and stakeholders from six continents submitted a total of 56 topics that were ranked and prioritized using a consensus‐building Delphi technique. Our 14 priority topics fell into five broad themes (autecology, population dynamics, global stressors, global diversity, and ecosystem services) and included understanding diets throughout mussel life history; identifying the drivers of population declines; defining metrics for quantifying mussel health; assessing the role of predators, parasites, and disease; informed guidance on the risks and opportunities for captive breeding and translocations; the loss of mussel–fish co‐evolutionary relationships; assessing the effects of increasing surface water changes; understanding the effects of sand and aggregate mining; understanding the effects of drug pollution and other emerging contaminants such as nanomaterials; appreciating the threats and opportunities arising from river restoration; conserving understudied hotspots by building local capacity through the principles of decolonization; identifying appropriate taxonomic units for conservation; improved quantification of the ecosystem services provided by mussels; and understanding how many mussels are enough to provide these services. Solutions for addressing the topics ranged from ecological studies to technological advances and socio‐political engagement. Prioritization of our topics can help to drive a proactive approach to the conservation of this declining group which provides a multitude of important ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Towards epistemic justice doing: Examining the experiences and shifts in knowledge of lived experience researchers over the course of a mental health research training programme

Author: Bellingham, B, Kemp, H, Boydell, K, Isobel, S, Gill, K, and River, J
Subjects: Nursing, 1110 Nursing, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1701 Psychology
Abstract: Participation of people with lived experience (LE) in mental health research is vital for improving the quality and relevance of research priorities, outcomes, and knowledge translation. Inclusion of people with LE is also recognized as central for achieving health service reform including commitments to human rights, social, and epistemic justice. Although a lack of research training is cited as a barrier to LE participation, few studies have examined the value of training for, or the specific requirements of, people with LE. This study seeks to address this gap. It reports on a longitudinal, qualitative study examining shifts in experience and knowledge, and unmet needs, of people with LE over the course of a coproduced research training programme. Findings indicate that the programme enabled participants to understand the role, value, and levels of LE participation in research. Participants also stressed the importance of the 'embodied lived expertise' of LE researchers who co-delivered the training programme. Nonetheless, participants indicated that they felt unprepared for the challenges of working in systems where LE knowledge is subordinated, and experiences of being silenced and powerless could mirror those previously experienced in mental health services and the community. Participants indicated a need for training that provided them with the epistemic resources to render such experiences intelligible. Findings also indicate that training in participatory research is required for conventional mental health researchers, to support them to navigate power asymmetries and value LE knowledge contributions.
Published: 2021

36. Maternal disability and newborn discharge to social services: a population-based study

Author: Claire Grant, Yona Lunsky, Astrid Guttmann, Simone Vigod, Isobel Sharpe, Kinwah Fung, and Hilary Brown
Subjects: disability, social care, infant health, population-based cohorts, Demography. Population. Vital events, HB848-3697
Abstract: Introduction Removing a child from their family is the option of last resort for social services. However, decisions to place children into care are occurring more frequently and earlier in children's lives, with newborn discharge to social services being a particular concern due to the effects of mother-newborn separations on child development. Women with disabilities face negative assumptions about their parenting capacity, but little is known about their rates of newborn discharge to social services. Objectives To examine the risk of discharge to social services among newborns of women with and without disabilities. Methods We conducted a population-based cohort study of singleton livebirths in Ontario, Canada, 2008-2019. We used modified Poisson regression to estimate the relative risk (RR) of discharge to social services immediately after the birth hospital stay, comparing newborns of women with physical (n = 114,685), sensory (n = 38,268), intellectual/developmental (n = 2,094), and multiple disabilities (n = 8,075) to newborns of women without a disability (n = 1,221,765). Within each group, we also examined maternal sociodemographic, health, health care, and pregnancy-related characteristics associated with the outcome. Results Compared to newborns of women without disabilities (0.2%), newborns of women with physical (0.5%; aRR 1.53, 95% CI 1.39-1.69), sensory (0.4%; aRR 1.34, 95% CI 1.12-1.59), intellectual/developmental (5.6%; aRR 5.34, 95% CI 4.36-6.53), and multiple disabilities (1.7%; aRR 3.09, 95% CI 2.56-3.72) had increased risk of being discharged to social services after the birth hospital stay. Within each group, the strongest predictors of the outcome were young maternal age, low income quintile, social assistance, maternal mental illness and substance use disorders, inadequate prenatal care, and neonatal morbidity. Conclusions Newborns of women with disabilities are at increased risk of being discharged to social services after the birth hospital stay. These findings can be used to inform the development of tailored supports for new mothers with disabilities and their infants.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. A realist evaluation of community champion and participatory action approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Neil Howlett, Olujoke Fakoya, Charis Bontoft, Isobel Simmons, Lisa Miners, Adam P. Wagner, and Katherine Brown
Subjects: community champions, realist evaluation, COVID-19, community participatory action research, COVID-19 champion, vaccine champion, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, public health teams tried several approaches to circulate accurate health information and engage with community members to understand what they need from public health services. Two such approaches were community champions and community participatory action research (CPAR). This study evaluates two champion programmes and a CPAR programme in terms of what worked, for whom, and in what contexts, including the funding and resourcing associated with implementation.MethodsBetween June 2022 and June 2023, a realist evaluation of three distinct case studies (COVID-19 champions, Vaccine Champions, and CPAR programmes) in the city of Southampton in England was conducted in three stages: development of initial programme theories and collection of additional contextual information, including funding and resources associated with delivering each programme; initial programme theory testing; synthesis of final programme theories. Data was collected primarily through semi-structured interviews (n = 29) across programme and training leads, voluntary services, community organisations, volunteers, and local community members, and one focus group with local community members (n = 8).ResultsThe City Council used £642 k from two funding awards to deliver the programmes: COVID-19 Champions £41 k; Vaccine Champions £485 k; and CPAR programmes £115 k. Twenty-eight initial programme theories were generated, which were “tested” to support, refine, or refute context-mechanism-outcome relationships, resulting finally in a set of 22 programme theories across the three programmes. Six demi-regularities were generated, each featuring in multiple programme theories, and providing data on how and why these programmes can work, and in which contexts: (1) building trust through community connections; (2) fostering relationships and collaboration; (3) provision of training and resources; (4) local community knowledge and expertise; (5) community representation and leadership; (6) appropriate communication and information sharing.ConclusionThis study provides new knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting the implementation of community champion and CPAR approaches during public health emergencies. These findings suggest that representation and involvement of community members, establishing and building on trust, adequate training and resources, and clear communication from trusted community members and organisations are catalysts for meaningful engagement with communities.Evaluation registration: Research Registry identifier: researchregistry8094.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Prato Research Collaborative for Change in Parent and Child Mental Health: Principles and recommendations for working with children and parents living with parental mental illness

Author: Yates, Scott, Reupert, A., Bee, P., Hosman, C., van Doesum. K., Drost, L.M., Falkov, A., Foster, K., Gatsou, L., Gladstone, B., Goodyear, M., Grant, M., Grove, C., Isobel, S., Kowalenko, N., Lauritzen, C., Maybery, D., Mordoch, E., Nicholson, J., Reedtz, C., Solantaus, T., Stavnes, K., Weimand, B.M., and Ruud, T.
Subjects: Families, Mental health
Abstract: The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. Children whose parents have mental illnesses are among the most vulnerable in our communities. There is however, much that can be done to prevent or mitigate the impact of a parent’s illness on children. Notwithstanding the availability of several evidence-based interventions, efforts to support these children have been limited by a lack of adequate support structures. Major service reorientation is required to better meet the needs of these children and their families. This editorial provides recommendations for practice, organisational and systems change.
Published: 2021

39. Tackling Immune Targets for Breast Cancer Beyond PD-1PD-L1 Axis

Author: Khaled H. Barakat, Shokrollah Elahi, Arno Siraki, Isobel S. Okoye, and Yasser Tabana
Published: 2021

40. MicroRNA-Containing T-Regulatory-Cell-Derived Exosomes Suppress Pathogenic T Helper 1 Cells

Author: Okoye, Isobel S., Coomes, Stephanie M., Pelly, Victoria S., Czieso, Stephanie, Papayannopoulos, Venizelos, Tolmachova, Tanya, Seabra, Miguel C., and Wilson, Mark S.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Discharge protocol in acute pancreatitis: an international survey and cohort analysis

Author: Rita Nagy, Klementina Ocskay, Zoltán Sipos, Andrea Szentesi, Áron Vincze, László Czakó, Ferenc Izbéki, Natalia V. Shirinskaya, Vladimir L. Poluektov, Alexandr N. Zolotov, Yin Zhu, Liang Xia, Wenhua He, Robert Sutton, Peter Szatmary, Rajarshi Mukherjee, Isobel Saffron Burridge, Emma Wauchope, Elsa Francisco, David Aparicio, Bruno Pinto, António Gomes, Vitor Nunes, Vasile Marcel Tantau, Emanuela Denisa Sagau, Alina Ioana Tantau, Andra Iulia Suceveanu, Cristina Tocia, Andrei Dumitru, Elizabeth Pando, Piero Alberti, Arturo Cirera, Xavier Molero, Hong Sik Lee, Min Kyu Jung, Eui Joo Kim, Sanghyub Lee, María Lourdes Ruiz Rebollo, Reyes Busta Nistal, Sandra Izquierdo Santervas, Dusan Lesko, Marek Soltes, Jozef Radonak, Hubert Zatorski, Ewa Małecka-Panas, Adam Fabisiak, M. Susak Yaroslav, V. Maksymenko Mykhailo, A. Tkachenko Olekcandr, Giedrius Barauskas, Vytautas Simanaitis, Povilas Ignatavicius, Mariana Jinga, Vasile-Daniel Balaban, Cristina Patoni, Liang Gong, Kai Song, Yunlong Li, T. Cúrdia Gonçalves, Marta Freitas, Vítor Macedo, Marlies Vornhuelz, Sarah Klauss, Georg Beyer, Aydin Seref Koksal, Mukaddes Tozlu, Ahmet Tarik Eminler, Nuria Torres Monclús, Eva Pijoan Comas, Juan Armando Rodriguez Oballe, Łukasz Nawacki, Stanisław Głuszek, Alberto Rama-Fernández, Marco Galego, Daniel de la Iglesia, Umut Emre Aykut, Deniz Güney Duman, Rahmi Aslan, Adriana Gherbon, Lihui Deng, Wei Huang, Qing Xia, Goran Poropat, Anja Radovan, Luka Vranić, Claudio Ricci, Carlo Ingaldi, Riccardo Casadei, Ionut Negoi, Cezar Ciubotaru, Florin Mihail Iordache, Gabriel Constantinescu, Vasile Sandru, Engin Altintas, Hatice Rizaoglu Balci, Júlio Constantino, Débora Aveiro, Jorge Pereira, Suleyman Gunay, Seda Misirlioglu Sucan, Oleksiy Dronov, Inna Kovalska, Nikhil Bush, Surinder Singh Rana, Serge Chooklin, Serhii Chuklin, Ionut Adrian Saizu, Cristian Gheorghe, Philipp Göltl, Michael Hirth, Radu Bogdan Mateescu, Geanina Papuc, Georgi Angelov Minkov, Emil Tihomirov Enchev, Laura Mastrangelo, Elio Jovine, Weiwei Chen, Quping Zhu, Anita Gąsiorowska, Natalia Fabisiak, Mihailo Bezmarevic, Andrey Litvin, Martina Cattani Mottes, Eun Kwang Choi, Peter Bánovčin, Lenka Nosáková, Mila Dimitrova Kovacheva-Slavova, Ali Kchaou, Ahmed Tlili, Marco V. Marino, Katarzyna Kusnierz, Artautas Mickevicius, Marcus Hollenbach, Pavol Molcan, Orestis Ioannidis, Mark Valerievich Tokarev, Ali Tüzün Ince, Ivan Albertovich Semenenko, Shamil Galeev, Elena Ramírez-Maldonado, Ville Sallinen, Petr Pencik, Judit Bajor, Patricia Sarlós, Roland Hágendorn, Szilárd Gódi, Imre Szabó, József Czimmer, Gabriella Pár, Anita Illés, Nándor Faluhelyi, Péter Kanizsai, Tamás Nagy, Alexandra Mikó, Balázs Németh, József Hamvas, Barnabás Bod, Márta Varga, Imola Török, János Novák, Árpád Patai, János Sümegi, Csaba Góg, Mária Papp, Bálint Erőss, Szilárd Váncsa, Brigitta Teutsch, Katalin Márta, Péter Jenő Hegyi, Tamás Tornai, Balázs Lázár, Tamás Hussein, Dorottya Tarján, Mónika Lipp, Beáta Kovács, Orsolya Urbán, Emese Fürst, Edina Tari, Ibolya Kocsis, Pál Maurovich-Horvát, Balázs Tihanyi, Orsolya Eperjesi, Zita Kormos, Pál Ákos Deák, Andrea Párniczky, and Péter Hegyi
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract There are several overlapping clinical practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis (AP), however, none of them contains suggestions on patient discharge. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group (HPSG) has recently developed a laboratory data and symptom-based discharge protocol which needs to be validated. (1) A survey was conducted involving all members of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) to understand the characteristics of international discharge protocols. (2) We investigated the safety and effectiveness of the HPSG-discharge protocol. According to our international survey, 87.5% (49/56) of the centres had no discharge protocol. Patients discharged based on protocols have a significantly shorter median length of hospitalization (LOH) (7 (5;10) days vs. 8 (5;12) days) p
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Selective digestive tract decontamination to prevent healthcare associated infections in critically ill children: the PICNIC multicentre randomised pilot clinical trial

Author: Nazima Pathan, Kerry Woolfall, Mariana Popa, Gema Milla de la Fuente, Paloma Ferrando-Vivas, Alanna Brown, Theodore Gouliouris, Lyvonne N. Tume, Robert Shulman, Brian H. Cuthbertson, Isobel Sale, Richard G. Feltbower, John Myburgh, John Pappachan, David Harrison, Paul Mouncey, Kathryn Rowan, and the PICNIC study investigators
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Data from adult studies suggest Selective Decontamination of the Digestive tract (SDD) may reduce the incidence of HCAIs and improve survival. There are no data from randomised clinical trials in the paediatric setting. An open label, parallel group pilot cRCT and mixed-methods perspectives study was conducted in six paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in England. Participants were children (> 37 weeks corrected gestational age, up to 16 years) requiring mechanical ventilation expected to last for at least 48 h. Sites undertook standard care for a period of 9 weeks and were randomised into 3 sites which continued standard care and 3 where SDD was incorporated into infection control practice for eligible children. Interviews and focus groups were conducted for parents and staff working in PICU. 434 children fulfilled eligibility criteria, of whom 368 (85%) were enrolled. This included 207 in the baseline phase (Period One) and 161 in the intervention period (Period Two). In sites delivering SDD, the majority (98%) of children received at least one dose of SDD and of these, 68% commenced within the first 6 h. Whilst admission swabs were collected in 91% of enrolled children, consent for the collection of additional swabs was low (44%). Recruited children were representative of the wider PICU population. Overall, 3.6 children/site/week were recruited compared with the potential recruitment rate for a definitive cRCT of 3 children/site/week, based on data from all UK PICUs. Parents (n = 65) and staff (n = 44) were supportive of the aims of the study, suggesting adaptations for a larger definitive trial including formulation and administration of SDD paste, approaches to consent and ecology monitoring. Stakeholders identified preferred clinical outcomes, focusing on complications of critical illness and quality-of-life. A definitive cRCT in SDD to prevent HCAIs in critically ill children is feasible but should include adaptations to ecology monitoring along with the dosing schedule and packaging into a paediatric specific format. A definitive study is supported by the findings with adaptations to ecology monitoring and SDD administration. Trial Registration: ISRCTN40310490 Registered 30/10/2020.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Don't move a mussel? Parasite and disease risk in conservation action

Author: Brian, Joshua I., primary, Ollard, Isobel S., additional, and Aldridge, David C., additional
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. A ‘Split-Gene’ Transketolase From the Hyper-Thermophilic Bacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans: Structure and Biochemical Characterization

Author: Simone Antonio De Rose, Paul James, Isobel S Cole, Michail N. Isupov, Jennifer A. Littlechild, and C. Sayer
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Stereochemistry, lcsh:QR1-502, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans, Transketolase, Microbiology, thermal stability, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, ‘split-gene’, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Glycolaldehyde, ATP synthase, biology, 030306 microbiology, Thermophile, hyperthermophilic, C500, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, biology.organism_classification, Enzyme, chemistry, Biocatalysis, biology.protein, industrial applications, transketolase
Abstract: A novel transketolase has been reconstituted from two separate polypeptide chains encoded by a 'split-gene' identified in the genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans. The reconstituted active α2β2 tetrameric enzyme has been biochemically characterized and its activity has been determined using a range of aldehydes including glycolaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde and cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde as the ketol acceptor and hydroxypyruvate as the donor. This reaction proceeds to near 100% completion due to the release of the product carbon dioxide and can be used for the synthesis of a range of sugars of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. This novel reconstituted transketolase is thermally stable with no loss of activity after incubation for 1 h at 70°C and is stable after 1 h incubation with 50% of the organic solvents methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, DMSO, acetonitrile and acetone. The X-ray structure of the holo reconstituted α2β2 tetrameric transketolase has been determined to 1.4 A resolution. In addition, the structure of an inactive tetrameric β4 protein has been determined to 1.9 A resolution. The structure of the active reconstituted α2β2 enzyme has been compared to the structures of related enzymes; the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, in an attempt to rationalize differences in structure and substrate specificity between these enzymes. This is the first example of a reconstituted 'split-gene' transketolase to be biochemically and structurally characterized allowing its potential for industrial biocatalysis to be evaluated.
Published: 2020

45. When disaster is a bureaucrat

Author: Frye, Isobel S.
Subjects: South Africa -- Economic aspects, Bureaucracy -- Analysis, Poverty -- South Africa, Poverty -- Economic aspects, Racism -- Forecasts and trends, Unemployment -- South Africa, Unemployment -- Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: The actions or inactions of an indifferent bureaucracy leading to bureaucratic disasters for the poor sector of society are analyzed. It is observed that the refusal of the bureaucrat to look beyond the bureaucratic procedure of officialdom has resulted in abuse of inept state power.
Published: 2007

46. Improved reporting of overuse injuries and health problems in sport: An update of the Oslo Sport Trauma Research Center questionnaires

Author: Clarsen, Benjamin, Bahr, Roald, Myklebust, Grethe, Andersson, Stig Haugsboe, Docking, Sean Iain, Drew, Michael, Finch, Caroline F., Fortington, Lauren Victoria, Harøy, Joar, Khan, Karim M., Moreau, Bill, Moore, Isobel S., Moller, Merete, Nabhan, Dustin, Nielsen, Rasmus Oestergaard, Pasanen, Kati, Schwellnus, Martin, Soligard, Torbjorn, Verhagen, Evert, Clarsen, Benjamin, Bahr, Roald, Myklebust, Grethe, Andersson, Stig Haugsboe, Docking, Sean Iain, Drew, Michael, Finch, Caroline F., Fortington, Lauren Victoria, Harøy, Joar, Khan, Karim M., Moreau, Bill, Moore, Isobel S., Moller, Merete, Nabhan, Dustin, Nielsen, Rasmus Oestergaard, Pasanen, Kati, Schwellnus, Martin, Soligard, Torbjorn, and Verhagen, Evert
Abstract: In 2013, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC-O) was developed to record the magnitude, symptoms and consequences of overuse injuries in sport. Shortly afterwards, a modified version of the OSTRC-O was developed to capture all types of injuries and illnesses -The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC-H). Since then, users from a range of research and clinical environments have identified areas in which these questionnaires may be improved. Therefore, the structure and content of the questionnaires was reviewed by an international panel consisting of the original developers, other user groups and experts in sports epidemiology and applied statistical methodology. Following a review panel meeting in October 2017, several changes were made to the questionnaires, including minor wording alterations, changes to the content of one question and the addition of questionnaire logic. In this paper, we present the updated versions of the questionnaires (OSTRC-O2 and OSTRC-H2), assess the likely impact of the updates on future data collection and discuss practical issues related to application of the questionnaires. We believe this update will improve respondent adherence and improve the quality of collected data. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020.
Published: 2020

47. The complexities and challenges of conserving common whelk (Buccinum undatum L.) fishery resources: Spatio-temporal study of variable population demographics within an environmental context

Author: Isobel S. M. Bloor, Michel J. Kaiser, Jack Emmerson, and Jodie A. Haig
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishing, Aquatic Science, Buccinum undatum, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Fishery, Overexploitation, Gonadosomatic Index, Geography, Whelk, Benthic zone, Ecological energetics
Abstract: The commercial fishery for common whelk (Buccinum undatum L.) has expanded significantly in the Irish Sea since 1990 and continues to grow, particularly in Welsh waters and the Isle of Man territorial sea, with landings throughout the region increasing by 227% between 2011 and 2016. Whilst whelk populations are known to be vulnerable to localised overexploitation due to inherent life-history parameters, fisheries remain relatively unrestricted by conservation measures in comparison to other fisheries operating in the area. With the exception of the northernmost fishing ground between the Isle of Man and Scotland (Point of Ayre), the size-at-maturity (L50) estimate for populations sampled during peak-aGSI (the months in which adjusted gonadosomatic index is highest) indicates that whelk are being fished before the time at first spawning throughout the study area. A correlation was detected between the size (total shell length) and depth, with smaller whelks found in deeper waters where there generally is greater fishing effort, although effort data is not available at a resolution to investigate this relationship quantitatively. No clear link between benthic infauna biomass and the average size (total shell length) or reproductive capacity (aGSI) of whelk sampled throughout ICES Area VIIa was found, indicating that the ecological energetics of whelk populations are more likely to be a function of scavenging opportunities than predation on benthic communities. A mixed cohort analysis utilized length-based data to infer a size-at-age relationship in the absence of direct age observations (e.g. statolith rings), with whelk recruiting into the Isle of Man fishery five years after hatching. The evidence presented in this study suggests that, prior to recommending a MLS that will adequately protect the spawning stock biomass, L50 values should be adjusted for pre-spawning growth between the ideal time of assessment (when aGSI values are at a peak) and the spawning season (when aGSI values decrease).
Published: 2018

48. Boom not bust: Cooperative management as a mechanism for improving the commercial efficiency and environmental outcomes of regional scallop fisheries

Author: Isobel S. M. Bloor, Peter F. Duncan, Karen McHarg, Samuel P. Dignan, Fiona R. Gell, Jack Emmerson, Michel J. Kaiser, and David Beard
Subjects: Economic efficiency, Economics and Econometrics, Ecological footprint, business.industry, Fishing, Context (language use), Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Bycatch, Fishery, Fishing industry, Sustainability, Management system, Business, Law, General Environmental Science
Abstract: The environmental impacts of food production are increasingly influencing consumer’s food choices. To maintain market access in this context, the fishing industry must adopt strategies and technologies that reduce their carbon emissions, environmental footprint, bycatch and seabed impact. In this study, closure of a depleted scallop fishing ground, to enable stock recovery, coupled with a transition to a cooperative management system, based on territorial user rights, promoted fishers to make management decisions that have improved the environmental outcomes and economic efficiency of this fishery. Innovative cooperative management systems like territorial user rights that decentralise decision making and provide users rights to a defined fishing area, could help mitigate against the negative impacts and issues traditionally associated with scallop dredge fisheries, and help maintain both stock biomass and consumer demand in a market increasingly dominated by sustainably certified food products.
Published: 2021

49. CD4+ T helper 2 cells – microbial triggers, differentiation requirements and effector functions

Author: Okoye, Isobel S. and Wilson, Mark S.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. A ‘Split-Gene’ Transketolase From the Hyper-Thermophilic Bacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans: Structure and Biochemical Characterization

Author: James, Paul, primary, Isupov, Michail N., additional, De Rose, Simone Antonio, additional, Sayer, Christopher, additional, Cole, Isobel S., additional, and Littlechild, Jennifer A., additional
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

231 results on '"Isobel S"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources