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OBJETIVO: Investigar o comportamento da lipemia pós-prandial, avaliada por meio de medidas repetidas de triglicérides, em indivíduos saudáveis de 20 a 50 anos de idade, distribuídos em faixas etárias: GI - 20 a 30; GII - 31 a 40; GIII - 41 a 50 anos. MÉTODOS: Os triglicérides foram determinados em 3 condições: após jejum de 12 h, 2 h e 6 h após refeição padronizada contendo 40 g de gordura. RESULTADOS: A análise de medidas repetidas dos triglicérides demonstrou comportamento distinto dos grupos etários ao longo das 6 h. Os participantes mais jovens (GI) apresentavam redução dos valores de triglicérides na 6ª hora; os da faixa etária (GIII) mais idosa, valores ascendentes na 6ª hora, e os da faixa etária intermediária (GII), manutenção dos triglicérides, comparando a 2ª com a 6ª hora de coleta. As diferenças de comportamento foram significantes (p=0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Em amostra populacional adulta saudável, o envelhecimento exerce influência sobre o comportamento da lipemia pós-prandial.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic smoking on the expression profile of the repair genes MLH1, MSH2 and ATM in the normal oral mucosa of chronic smokers and never smokers. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of thirty exfoliative cytology smears per group obtained from Smokers and Never Smokers. Total RNA was extracted and expression of the MLH1, MSH2 and ATM genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time and immunocytochemistry. The gene and protein expression data were correlated to the clinical data. Gene expression was analyzed statistically using the Student t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient, with p < 0.05. Results: MLH1, MSH2 and ATM genes were downregulated in the smoking group compared to the control with significant values for MLH1 (p = 0.006), MSH2 (p = 0.0001) and ATM (p = 0.0001). Immunocytochemical staining for anti-MLH1, anti-MSH2 and anti-ATM was negative in Never Smokers; in Smokers it was rarely positive. No significant correlation was observed among the expression of MLH1, MSH2, ATM and age, number of cigarettes consumed per day, time of smoking during life, smoking history or levels of CO in expired air. Conclusion: The expression of genes and proteins related to DNA repair mechanism MLH1, MSH2 and ATM in the normal oral mucosa of chronic smokers was reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of Work: The aim of this study was to compare three methods of RNA extraction for molecular analysis of oral cytology to establish the best technique, considering its concentration and purity for molecular tests of oral lesions such as real-time reverse transcriptase reaction., Material and Methods: The sample included exfoliative cytology from the oral cavity mucosa of patients with no visible clinical changes, using Orcellex Rovers Brush ® . The extraction of total RNA was performed using the following three techniques: 30 samples were extracted by Trizol® technique, 30 by the Direct-zol TM RNA Miniprep system and 30 by the RNeasy mini Kit. The absorbance was measured by spectrophotometer to estimate the purity. The estimated RNA concentration was obtained by multiplying the value of A260 (ng/mL) by 40. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using GraphPad Prism 5.03 software with Student t, analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests, considering p ≤0.05., Results: Trizol® group revealed higher average concentration, followed by Direct-zol TM and Rneasy group. It was observed that the RNA Direct-zol TM group had the highest purity, followed by RNeasy and Trizol® groups, allowing for the two ratios., Conclusion: Considering all aspects, concentration, purity and time spent in the procedures, the Direct-zol TM group showed the best results., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Smoking is considered the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. The pharmacological management of nicotine withdrawal syndrome enables better cessation rates. In our smoking cessation program, we have developed a data collection system, which includes two new instruments: a score that assesses nicotine dependence in smokers of < 10 cigarettes/day; and a patient comfort scale to be used during smoking cessation treatment. Here, we describe the two instruments, both of which are still undergoing validation.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of and tolerability to sustained-release bupropion, in smokers with cardiovascular diseases treated in a smoking cessation service, as well as to investigate variables predictive of success or failure in smoking cessation., Methods: Sustained-release bupropion was prescribed to 100 current smokers with cardiovascular disease for 12 weeks. Patients were followed for 52 week. The variables studied were gender, age, number of cigarettes, exhaled carbon monoxide, nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), number of diagnoses other than smoking, adverse events, and use of medications concomitantly with sustained-release bupropion., Results: Abstinence rate was 50% at week 12 and 25% at week 52. The logistic regression analysis showed that ageing was positively associated with success, whereas the worsening of the condition, as verified by the presence of a higher number of other health conditions associated with smoking, was negatively associated with success., Conclusion: We conclude that the prescription of bupropion for smokers with cardiovascular diseases proved to be safe and effective, especially during the treatment period (week 12).

Objective: To investigate the behavior of postprandial lipemia assessed by means of repeated measurements of triglyceride levels in healthy individuals aged from 20 to 50 years, divided into the following 3 age groups: GI--from 20 to 30 years; GII--from 31 to 40 years; and GIII--from 41 to 50 years., Methods: Triglyceride levels were measured in 3 conditions: after a 12-hour fast, and 2 and 6 hours after a standard meal containing 40 g of fat., Results: The repeated-measures analysis of triglyceride levels showed a distinct behavior of the age groups throughout the 6 hours. The younger participants (GI) had a reduction in the triglyceride levels in the sixth hour; the elderly (GIII) had increasing values in the sixth hour; and those in the intermediate age group (GII) maintained their triglyceride levels, when comparing the second and sixth hours of blood collection. The differences in behavior were significant (P=0.01)., Conclusion: In a healthy adult population sample, aging influences the postprandial lipemia behavior.