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The purpose of this paper is to estimate the possibility of technical use of the 110 kV voltage lines (OPL) for the interconnection of the power systems of the Republic of Moldova and Romania, taking into account in the unified power system regime, which includes the power system of the CIS countries, of Moldova, Romania, Ukraine and other countries in the region.In the calculation scheme of the permanent synchronous regime of the integrated system, the interconnection zone of the Moldovan and Romanian systems was highlighted for the lines of 110 kV: Stanca-Costeşti, Ţuţora (Fai) -Ungheni and Hushi-Cioara.Transformer phase difference angle adjustment devices have been introduced in the 110 kV OPLto provide the bidirectional power shift regime. In the existing topology of electricity networks, power flows at the power system interface are directed from the Republic of Moldova to Romania.Changing the direction of the power flows is possible through the 110 kV OPLA when equipped with phase shift devices. The results of the calculations of the permanent regime have demonstrated the possibility of achieving the reciprocal power exchange regime between the interconnected power systems by adjusting the phase difference angle. It was shown the possibility of stable operation when using 110 kV overheadpowerlines as interconnection lines of the Moldovan and Romanian power systems.The issue of interconnection through the 110 kV lines is complex and requires an individual approach to how to achieve it.

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The present work reports for the first time, the employment of ferroelectric ZrO2 films as energy storage capacitors utilized in pulsed power systems. Furthermore, the effect of insertion of a low permittivity dielectric HfO2:Al2O3 (HAO) layer, with a thickness ranging from 2 to 8 nm, on the tunability of ferroelectric and energy storage characteristics of ZrO2 films is assessed. The increase in thickness of the HAO layer gave rise to distorted ferroelectric loops with decreased polarization, coercive field, and hysteresis loss of the films. These results are correlated with the depolarization field induced by the insertion of the dielectric HAO layer. An optimum combination of high energy density of 54.3 J cm−3 and good storage efficiency of 51.3% are obtained for the ZrO2 film capacitors with 2 nm-thick HAO insert layer. These values correspond to an increase of ∼55% and ∼92%, from the respective values of pure ZrO2 film capacitors. In addition, the HAO/ZrO2 films showed a good fatigue endurance of energy storage performance over 109 electric field cycles. The energy storage density obtained from HAO(2 nm)/ZrO2 film capacitor is found to be higher than that reported for several Pb-based as well as Pb-free ferroelectric ceramic films with complex compositions. The present study demonstrates that simple binary oxides such as ZrO2 with ferroelectric behavior could be potential candidates for developing high performance energy storage capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photovoltaic (PV) response of SnOx/Si heterojunctions (HJs) through the change of the SnO and SnO2 ratio in the samples that allows us to obtain p- or n-type SnOx films is investigated in this work. The values of short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) are found to be 12.6 mA cm−2, 0.23 V, 27% and 8.3%, for the p-SnOx/n-Si HJ and 10.3 mA cm−2, 0.20 V, 20% and 4.5% for the n-SnOx/p-Si HJ. The enhanced PV effect observed in the p-SnOx/n-Si HJs can be attributed to a small band offset between SnOx and Si, which lowers the diffusion length that can contribute to higher recombination rate and smaller series resistance. Furthermore, the values of Jsc, VOC, FF and PCE were enhanced up to 30.9 mA cm−2, −2.0 V, 19% and 10.9%, respectively, through the insertion of a 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BCZT) ferroelectric layer between n-Si and p-SnOx. The built-in field developed at the Si/BCZT/SiOx/SnOx interfaces together with the depolarizing field, provides a favorable electric potential for the separation and further transport of photo generated electron–hole (e–h) pairs. This work provides a viable approach by combining ferroelectrics with p-SnOx/n-Si HJs for building efficient ferroelectric-based solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the possibility of revealing the P300 event-related potential by means of a dedicated method that is both fast and reliable. It involves a lifting scheme based on a variant of Haar non-linear wavelet and a decision criterion based on a measure computed after the information linked with the P300 potential were obtained from the EEG signal. Some actual results are presented, for comparison purposes, involving the signals given in a well known database of EEG recordings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study takes into account the two Romanian Eastern regions (North East and South East) trying to emphasize the post-communist dynamics of the energy sector in order to draw a general perspective for the future evolution towards both energy security and a clean environment. Before 1989, the energy sector, that had to sustain not only the population needs, but also an oversized manufacturing industry, was based on big power plants usually using coal and oil and highly polluting the environment. The hydropower had a rather small share in the total energy production. This inherited system was very much resistant after the end of the centralized political system, therefore after the general industrial decline the energy sector remained the main source of air pollution in many towns and cities from Romania. Meanwhile, in the last 6-7 years, due to a favourable national political context, we assisted, especially in the analysed area, to an important emergence of renewable energy investments (mainly wind and solar energy, but also biomass or hydro-energy). Our purpose is to evaluate, from a geographical point of view, the extent and the implications of a desirable progressive shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy that could radically change the territorial relations and sustain development on the long term.

Recently, the web is becoming an important part of people’s life. The web is a very good place to run successful businesses. Selling products or services online plays an important role in the success of businesses that have a physical presence, like a re

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of alginate-based nanocomposite peelable films, reinforced by carbon nanofibers (CNFs) decorated with nanoparticles that possess remarkable antimicrobial properties. These materials are suitable for immediate decontamination applications, being designed as fluid formulations that can be applied on contaminated surfaces, and subsequently, they can rapidly form a peelable film via divalent ion crosslinking and can be easily peeled and disposed of. Silver, copper, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using superficial oxidized carbon nanofibers (CNF-ox) as support. To obtain the decontaminating formulations, sodium alginate (ALG) was further incorporated into the colloidal solutions containing the antimicrobial nanoparticles. The properties of the initial CNF-ox-NP-ALG solutions and the resulting peelable nanocomposite hydrogels (obtained by crosslinking with zinc acetate) were assessed by rheological measurements, and mechanical investigations, respectively. The evaluation of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for the synthesized nanoparticles (silver, copper, and zinc oxide) was performed. The best values for MIC and MBC were obtained for CNF-ox decorated with AgNPs for both types of bacterial strains: Gram-negative (MIC and MBC values (mg/L): E. coli -3 and 108; P. aeruginosa -3 and 54) and Gram-positive (MIC and MBC values (mg/L): S. aureus -13 and 27). The film-forming decontaminating formulations were also subjected to a microbiology assay consisting of the time-kill test, MIC and MBC estimations, and evaluation of the efficacity of peelable coatings in removing the biological agents from the contaminated surfaces. The best decontamination efficiencies against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa varied between 97.40% and 99.95% when employing silver-decorated CNF-ox in the decontaminating formulations. These results reveal an enhanced antimicrobial activity brought about by the synergistic effect of silver and CNF-ox, coupled with an efficient incorporation of the contaminants inside the peelable films.

In this study, novel materials have been obtained via a dual covalent and ionic crosslinking strategies, leading to the formation of a fully interpenetrated polymeric network with remarkable mechanical performances as drug delivery platforms for dermal patches. The polymeric network was obtained by the free-radical photopolymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone using tri(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether as crosslinker in the presence of sodium alginate (1%, weight%). The ionic crosslinking was achieved by the addition of Zn 2+ , ions which were coordinated by the alginate chains. Bentonite nanoclay was incorporated in hydrogel formulations to capitalize on its mechanical reinforcement and adsorptive capacity. TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles were also included in two of the samples to evaluate their influence on the morphology, mechanical properties and/or the antimicrobial activity of the hydrogels. The double-crosslinked nanocomposite hydrogels presented a good tensile resistance (1.5 MPa at 70% strain) and compression resistance (12.5 MPa at a strain of 70%). Nafcillin was loaded into nanocomposite hydrogel films with a loading efficiency of up to 30%. The drug release characteristics were evaluated, and the profile was fitted by mathematical models that describe the physical processes taking place during the drug transfer from the polymer to a PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) solution. Depending on the design of the polymeric network and the nanofillers included, it was demonstrated that the nafcillin loaded into the nanocomposite hydrogel films ensured a high to moderate activity against S. aureus and S. pyogenes and no activity against E. coli . Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the presence of zinc ions in these polymeric matrices can be correlated with the inactivation of E. coli .

EUDONORGAN, a European Union-funded project to improve organ and tissue donation, included a blended-based "Train the Trainers" program, which was implemented with the support of an international consortium from Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, and Spain. The web-based training included seven modules for which medical aspects, educational tips, and practical activities were scored using a 5-point Likert scale. The overall mean scores of satisfaction were higher than 4 for each module, without significant differences between HCPs and OKPs. In the face-to-face training survey similar scores above 4 were obtained for most items. Knowledge acquisition improved significantly in both HCPs and OKPs, as well as in transplant/donor coordinators, medical doctors, registered nurses, anesthesiologists/intensivists, and intensive care nurses. Improvements in attitudes and perceptions regarding organ donation were also observed, particularly among HCPs. In the accomplishment of the learning process, a successful pass mark of 95% was obtained. The "Train the Trainers" program was associated with an improvement in learning and attitudes of healthcare and non-healthcare professionals for the benefit of organ and tissue donation., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Peralta, Istrate, Ballesté, Manyalich, Valero and the EUDONORGAN Consortium.)